Fertility & birth rates in China and Gambia

Fertility rate in China vs Gambia by year

Chart Table

China

Gambia

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	China	Gambia
2023	1	4.01
2022	1.03	4.08
2021	1.12	4.17
2020	1.24	4.25
2019	1.5	4.33
2018	1.54	4.42
2017	1.8	4.61
2016	1.77	4.81
2015	1.67	5
2014	1.77	5.2
2013	1.71	5.39
2012	1.8	5.52
2011	1.67	5.54
2010	1.69	5.56
2009	1.71	5.57
2008	1.7	5.63
2007	1.67	5.69
2006	1.64	5.74
2005	1.62	5.71
2004	1.61	5.68
2003	1.57	5.66
2002	1.57	5.66
2001	1.56	5.67
2000	1.63	5.72
1999	1.53	5.77
1998	1.52	5.82
1997	1.53	5.85
1996	1.55	5.93
1995	1.59	5.99
1994	1.63	6.04
1993	1.69	6.03
1992	1.78	6.11
1991	1.93	6.19
1990	2.51	6.25
1989	2.52	6.25
1988	2.54	6.26
1987	2.76	6.3
1986	2.72	6.34
1985	2.63	6.36
1984	2.61	6.39
1983	2.56	6.39
1982	2.97	6.4
1981	2.79	6.4
1980	2.74	6.41
1979	2.75	6.41
1978	2.72	6.42
1977	2.84	6.43
1976	3.24	6.43
1975	3.57	6.43
1974	4.17	6.42
1973	4.73	6.41
1972	5.11	6.37
1971	5.52	6.33
1970	6.09	6.26
1969	6.18	6.25
1968	6.51	6.22
1967	5.81	6.21
1966	6.31	6.18
1965	6.61	6.19
1964	6.67	6.2
1963	7.51	6.2
1962	6.09	6.21
1961	3.86	6.23
1960	4.45	6.25

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in China was 1 children per woman in 2023, compared to 4.01 in the Gambia in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check China vs the Gambia population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

China

Gambia

1x

Year	Natural population change
	China	Gambia
2023	-2,087,851	65,118
2022	-847,305	63,634
2021	480,203	62,239
2020	2,046,095	62,209
2019	4,673,713	61,701
2018	5,302,433	60,854
2017	7,790,880	61,665
2016	9,062,269	62,358
2015	6,788,911	62,832
2014	9,205,180	63,185
2013	8,043,116	63,510
2012	10,075,174	62,745
2011	8,245,065	60,571
2010	6,407,607	58,554
2009	6,483,236	56,575
2008	6,729,247	55,032
2007	6,813,465	53,653
2006	6,922,185	52,335
2005	7,678,911	50,010
2004	7,607,960	48,276
2003	7,743,284	46,473
2002	8,258,580	45,156
2001	8,839,358	44,154
2000	9,570,849	43,249
1999	10,247,372	42,533
1998	11,351,286	41,842
1997	12,374,554	40,742
1996	12,686,872	40,253
1995	12,711,220	39,681
1994	13,360,470	38,880
1993	13,493,138	37,302
1992	13,548,601	35,951
1991	14,937,124	34,584
1990	16,335,313	33,163
1989	16,824,495	31,504
1988	17,328,640	29,938
1987	18,005,821	28,452
1986	16,609,920	27,195
1985	14,987,830	25,795
1984	13,561,671	24,586
1983	13,599,789	23,175
1982	15,815,318	21,894
1981	14,461,027	20,156
1980	11,647,260	19,566
1979	11,250,148	18,543
1978	11,473,980	17,424
1977	11,378,068	16,773
1976	11,782,472	16,032
1975	14,378,237	15,256
1974	15,738,118	14,628
1973	18,423,727	14,046
1972	19,102,585	13,432
1971	19,622,980	12,842
1970	21,137,076	12,128
1969	20,760,332	11,670
1968	21,206,083	11,215
1967	19,263,662	10,823
1966	19,282,187	10,422
1965	20,296,950	10,162
1964	19,302,532	9,825
1963	22,742,225	9,493
1962	17,969,132	9,150
1961	2,496,047	8,778
1960	-3,048,510	8,420

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.15% in China and +2.41% in the Gambia.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +0.31% in China and +2.59% in the Gambia.

Birth rate in China vs Gambia by year

Chart Table

China

Gambia

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	China	Gambia
2023	6.39	30.4
2022	6.77	30.8
2021	7.52	31.2
2020	8.52	31.5
2019	10.4	31.9
2018	10.9	32.3
2017	12.6	33.5
2016	13.6	34.6
2015	12	35.7
2014	13.8	36.9
2013	13	38.1
2012	14.6	38.8
2011	13.3	38.8
2010	11.9	38.9
2009	12	38.9
2008	12.1	39.2
2007	12.1	39.5
2006	12.1	39.9
2005	12.4	39.7
2004	12.3	39.7
2003	12.4	39.7
2002	12.9	40
2001	13.4	40.5
2000	14	41.1
1999	14.6	41.8
1998	15.6	42.5
1997	16.6	43.2
1996	17	44.1
1995	17.1	45.1
1994	17.7	45.9
1993	18.1	46.1
1992	18.3	46.6
1991	19.7	47.2
1990	21.1	47.7
1989	21.6	47.9
1988	22.4	48.1
1987	23.3	48.5
1986	22.4	48.8
1985	21	49
1984	19.9	49.3
1983	20.2	49
1982	22.3	48.8
1981	20.9	48.5
1980	18.2	48.2
1979	17.8	47.8
1978	18.3	47.6
1977	18.9	47.5
1976	19.9	47.4
1975	23	47.3
1974	24.8	47.3
1973	27.9	47.5
1972	29.8	47.5
1971	30.7	47.6
1970	33.4	47.4
1969	34.1	47.6
1968	35.6	47.9
1967	34	48.2
1966	35.1	48.5
1965	37.9	49
1964	39.1	49.4
1963	43.4	49.8
1962	37	50
1961	18	50.3
1960	20.9	50.4

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 6.39 in China and 30.4 in the Gambia, compared with 20.9 and 50.4, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

China

Factual

UN forecast

Gambia

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	China	Gambia
2100	7.83%	18.1%
2099	7.84%	18.2%
2098	7.87%	18.3%
2097	7.91%	18.4%
2096	7.96%	18.5%
2095	8.03%	18.6%
2094	8.1%	18.7%
2093	8.18%	18.9%
2092	8.26%	19%
2091	8.34%	19.1%
2090	8.41%	19.3%
2089	8.47%	19.4%
2088	8.52%	19.6%
2087	8.55%	19.7%
2086	8.57%	19.9%
2085	8.57%	20%
2084	8.56%	20.2%
2083	8.53%	20.3%
2082	8.48%	20.5%
2081	8.41%	20.6%
2080	8.34%	20.8%
2079	8.25%	21%
2078	8.15%	21.2%
2077	8.06%	21.3%
2076	7.96%	21.5%
2075	7.86%	21.7%
2074	7.77%	21.9%
2073	7.7%	22.1%
2072	7.64%	22.3%
2071	7.6%	22.6%
2070	7.58%	22.8%
2069	7.59%	23%
2068	7.63%	23.2%
2067	7.7%	23.5%
2066	7.8%	23.7%
2065	7.93%	24%
2064	8.08%	24.3%
2063	8.25%	24.5%
2062	8.44%	24.8%
2061	8.64%	25.1%
2060	8.84%	25.4%
2059	9.03%	25.7%
2058	9.22%	26%
2057	9.39%	26.3%
2056	9.54%	26.7%
2055	9.67%	27%
2054	9.78%	27.3%
2053	9.86%	27.6%
2052	9.92%	28%
2051	9.94%	28.3%
2050	9.94%	28.6%
2049	9.92%	28.9%
2048	9.88%	29.3%
2047	9.82%	29.6%
2046	9.75%	30%
2045	9.67%	30.3%
2044	9.59%	30.7%
2043	9.52%	31.1%
2042	9.46%	31.5%
2041	9.4%	31.9%
2040	9.35%	32.3%
2039	9.32%	32.7%
2038	9.3%	33.2%
2037	9.32%	33.6%
2036	9.42%	34.1%
2035	9.63%	34.5%
2034	10%	35%
2033	10.5%	35.4%
2032	11.2%	35.9%
2031	11.8%	36.4%
2030	12.4%	37%
2029	13.1%	37.6%
2028	13.8%	38.2%
2027	14.5%	38.9%
2026	15.1%	39.5%
2025	15.7%	40%
2024	16%	40.2%
2023	16.6%	40.7%
2022	17.1%	41.2%
2021	17.6%	41.6%
2020	18%	42%
2019	18.2%	42.4%
2018	18.3%	42.8%
2017	18.4%	43.1%
2016	18.3%	43.3%
2015	18.3%	43.6%
2014	18.3%	43.7%
2013	18.3%	43.9%
2012	18.3%	44.1%
2011	18.3%	44.3%
2010	18.5%	44.5%
2009	18.6%	44.8%
2008	18.9%	45.1%
2007	19.2%	45.3%
2006	19.6%	45.6%
2005	20.3%	45.9%
2004	21.2%	46.1%
2003	22%	46.4%
2002	22.9%	46.6%
2001	23.8%	46.7%
2000	24.5%	46.8%
1999	25.2%	46.9%
1998	25.7%	46.9%
1997	26.3%	46.9%
1996	27%	46.7%
1995	27.4%	46.5%
1994	27.8%	46.3%
1993	28.2%	46%
1992	28.4%	45.9%
1991	28.6%	45.8%
1990	28.8%	45.7%
1989	28.9%	45.6%
1988	29.3%	45.5%
1987	29.8%	45.4%
1986	30.4%	45.2%
1985	31.2%	45%
1984	32.2%	44.9%
1983	33.3%	44.6%
1982	34.3%	44.3%
1981	35.1%	44%
1980	36.1%	43.7%
1979	37.2%	43.5%
1978	38.6%	43.3%
1977	39.8%	43%
1976	40.3%	42.8%
1975	40.2%	42.6%
1974	40.2%	42.4%
1973	40.1%	42.3%
1972	40.4%	42.2%
1971	40.7%	42.1%
1970	40.8%	42%
1969	41%	41.9%
1968	41%	41.8%
1967	41.3%	41.6%
1966	41.5%	41.5%
1965	41.5%	41.3%
1964	41.2%	41%
1963	40.6%	40.8%
1962	40%	40.7%
1961	40%	40.8%
1960	40.3%	41%

Children aged 0-14 make up 16% of the population in China and 40.2% in the Gambia in 2024, compared to 28.8% and 45.7% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of China and the Gambia compared.

Maternal mortality chart: China vs Gambia

Chart Table

China

Gambia

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	China	Gambia
2023	16	354
2022	18	365
2021	21	420
2020	20	400
2019	21	422
2018	22	450
2017	24	469
2016	25	490
2015	26	527
2014	28	561
2013	30	606
2012	32	628
2011	33	634
2010	34	632
2009	35	634
2008	38	653
2007	38	675
2006	40	682
2005	42	707
2004	45	719
2003	47	749
2002	50	772
2001	52	794
2000	56	810
1999	58	830
1998	60	867
1997	63	928
1996	67	956
1995	71	999
1994	76	1,039
1993	80	1,072
1992	86	1,115
1991	92	1,167
1990	102	1,207
1989	104	1,258
1988	108	1,302
1987	114	1,360
1986	120	1,401
1985	125	1,454

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 16 deaths per 100,000 live births in China, compared to 354 deaths in the Gambia.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

China

Gambia

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	China	Gambia
2023	0.62%	4.41%
2022	0.66%	4.56%
2021	0.7%	4.72%
2020	0.75%	4.89%
2019	0.8%	5.07%
2018	0.86%	5.27%
2017	0.92%	5.47%
2016	0.99%	5.7%
2015	1.07%	5.93%
2014	1.15%	6.18%
2013	1.25%	6.45%
2012	1.35%	6.73%
2011	1.46%	7.01%
2010	1.58%	7.31%
2009	1.71%	7.64%
2008	1.85%	7.98%
2007	2.01%	8.33%
2006	2.19%	8.71%
2005	2.4%	9.11%
2004	2.64%	9.52%
2003	2.89%	9.95%
2002	3.15%	10.4%
2001	3.42%	10.9%
2000	3.67%	11.3%
1999	3.91%	11.8%
1998	4.14%	12.3%
1997	4.36%	12.8%
1996	4.56%	13.3%
1995	4.75%	13.9%
1994	4.93%	14.4%
1993	5.08%	14.9%
1992	5.22%	15.5%
1991	5.31%	16%
1990	5.37%	16.6%
1989	5.39%	17.2%
1988	5.4%	17.8%
1987	5.4%	18.4%
1986	5.4%	19.1%
1985	5.43%	19.7%
1984	5.5%	20.4%
1983	5.61%	21%
1982	5.78%	21.7%
1981	6%	22.3%
1980	6.28%	23%
1979	6.62%	23.6%
1978	7.01%	24.2%
1977	7.47%	24.9%
1976	7.97%	25.5%
1975	8.5%	26.2%
1974	9.05%	26.9%
1973	9.61%	27.5%
1972	10.2%	28.2%
1971	10.7%	28.9%
1970	11.3%	29.5%
1969	11.9%	30.2%
1968	-	30.9%
1967	-	31.5%
1966	-	32.1%
1965	-	32.8%
1964	-	33.5%
1963	-	34.1%
1962	-	34.8%
1961	-	35.5%
1960	-	36.2%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.62% in China and 4.41% in the Gambia. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.