Fertility & birth rates in Romania and Rwanda

Fertility rate in Romania vs Rwanda by year

Chart Table

Romania

Rwanda

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Romania	Rwanda
2023	1.71	3.7
2022	1.71	3.78
2021	1.81	3.84
2020	1.8	3.91
2019	1.77	3.99
2018	1.76	4.05
2017	1.78	4.08
2016	1.69	4.11
2015	1.62	4.11
2014	1.56	4.12
2013	1.46	4.14
2012	1.52	4.2
2011	1.47	4.33
2010	1.59	4.52
2009	1.66	4.71
2008	1.6	4.92
2007	1.45	5.14
2006	1.42	5.34
2005	1.4	5.5
2004	1.33	5.64
2003	1.3	5.74
2002	1.27	5.82
2001	1.27	5.89
2000	1.31	5.97
1999	1.3	6.06
1998	1.32	6.17
1997	1.32	6.24
1996	1.3	6.29
1995	1.33	6.35
1994	1.4	6.42
1993	1.43	6.48
1992	1.51	6.54
1991	1.59	6.62
1990	1.83	6.8
1989	2.22	7.03
1988	2.3	7.23
1987	2.38	7.43
1986	2.39	7.61
1985	2.31	7.79
1984	2.26	7.91
1983	2.06	8
1982	2.17	8.06
1981	2.36	8.1
1980	2.43	8.12
1979	2.49	8.13
1978	2.52	8.16
1977	2.57	8.14
1976	2.54	8.12
1975	2.59	8.1
1974	2.71	8.1
1973	2.44	8.09
1972	2.55	8.09
1971	2.67	8.09
1970	2.89	8.15
1969	3.19	8.18
1968	3.63	8.19
1967	3.66	8.21
1966	1.9	8.23
1965	1.91	8.25
1964	1.96	8.27
1963	2.01	8.27
1962	2.04	8.27
1961	2.17	8.28
1960	2.34	8.28

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Romania was 1.71 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.7 in Rwanda in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Romania vs Rwanda population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Romania

Rwanda

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Romania	Rwanda
2023	-89,587	312,762
2022	-93,338	312,145
2021	-141,504	309,895
2020	-100,179	312,692
2019	-60,053	313,525
2018	-62,316	312,512
2017	-50,930	310,323
2016	-53,196	305,549
2015	-59,447	299,114
2014	-55,745	292,779
2013	-59,951	286,331
2012	-54,157	282,584
2011	-56,413	282,922
2010	-46,567	286,848
2009	-34,625	287,034
2008	-30,806	287,334
2007	-37,590	285,791
2006	-38,148	282,149
2005	-40,508	275,121
2004	-42,904	265,273
2003	-56,093	251,243
2002	-58,673	239,036
2001	-37,625	230,845
2000	-22,443	221,276
1999	-31,461	210,518
1998	-33,761	197,185
1997	-42,853	174,687
1996	-56,548	140,455
1995	-36,295	121,137
1994	-18,184	-719,479
1993	-13,658	183,926
1992	-4,559	188,025
1991	25,301	196,431
1990	69,605	207,895
1989	122,756	217,632
1988	126,817	223,759
1987	128,517	225,744
1986	134,737	225,526
1985	111,392	223,794
1984	117,731	219,337
1983	87,986	212,750
1982	119,121	205,147
1981	156,472	195,769
1980	168,776	184,988
1979	194,397	174,477
1978	204,148	163,779
1977	215,385	155,011
1976	213,361	147,665
1975	219,324	140,596
1974	235,530	135,743
1973	175,020	131,021
1972	198,316	126,403
1971	206,662	122,567
1970	234,905	119,273
1969	264,120	115,394
1968	338,577	111,422
1967	347,709	108,053
1966	115,293	105,128
1965	114,190	103,422
1964	134,326	102,562
1963	139,104	94,296
1962	130,736	102,548
1961	163,286	102,051
1960	191,431	100,627

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.47% in Romania and +2.24% in Rwanda.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been -0.4% in Romania and +2.45% in Rwanda.

Birth rate in Romania vs Rwanda by year

Chart Table

Romania

Rwanda

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Romania	Rwanda
2023	8	28.3
2022	9.4	28.9
2021	10.1	29.4
2020	10.3	30
2019	10.3	30.7
2018	10.4	31.2
2017	10.8	31.7
2016	10.4	32
2015	10.2	32.1
2014	10	32.2
2013	9.4	32.4
2012	10	32.9
2011	9.7	33.8
2010	10.5	35.1
2009	10.9	36.3
2008	10.8	37.6
2007	10.3	38.8
2006	10.4	39.9
2005	10.4	40.6
2004	10.1	41.1
2003	9.8	41.4
2002	9.7	41.8
2001	10	42.1
2000	10.4	42.1
1999	10.4	42.1
1998	10.5	42.2
1997	10.5	40.5
1996	10.2	37.2
1995	10.4	39.5
1994	10.9	48
1993	11	41.5
1992	11.4	42.2
1991	12	42.8
1990	13.6	44.1
1989	16	45.3
1988	16.5	46.6
1987	16.7	47.8
1986	16.5	49
1985	15.8	50.2
1984	15.5	51.1
1983	14.3	51.8
1982	15.3	52.4
1981	17	52.7
1980	18	52.7
1979	18.6	52.5
1978	19	52.1
1977	19.5	51.6
1976	19.4	51.1
1975	19.6	50.4
1974	20.3	50
1973	18.2	49.4
1972	18.8	48.9
1971	19.6	48.5
1970	21.1	48.2
1969	23.3	47.9
1968	26.6	47.6
1967	27	47.4
1966	14.2	47.6
1965	14.6	48
1964	15.2	48.8
1963	15.7	49.8
1962	16.2	50.9
1961	17.5	52
1960	19.1	52.9

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 8 in Romania and 28.3 in Rwanda, compared with 19.1 and 52.9, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Romania

Factual

UN forecast

Rwanda

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Romania	Rwanda
2100	12.8%	18.7%
2099	12.8%	18.9%
2098	12.8%	19%
2097	12.9%	19.1%
2096	12.9%	19.3%
2095	13%	19.4%
2094	13.1%	19.6%
2093	13.1%	19.7%
2092	13.2%	19.9%
2091	13.2%	20%
2090	13.3%	20.2%
2089	13.4%	20.4%
2088	13.4%	20.5%
2087	13.5%	20.7%
2086	13.5%	20.9%
2085	13.5%	21.1%
2084	13.6%	21.3%
2083	13.6%	21.5%
2082	13.6%	21.7%
2081	13.6%	21.9%
2080	13.6%	22.1%
2079	13.6%	22.2%
2078	13.6%	22.4%
2077	13.6%	22.6%
2076	13.6%	22.8%
2075	13.6%	23%
2074	13.6%	23.2%
2073	13.6%	23.4%
2072	13.6%	23.6%
2071	13.6%	23.8%
2070	13.6%	24%
2069	13.6%	24.2%
2068	13.6%	24.4%
2067	13.6%	24.6%
2066	13.7%	24.9%
2065	13.7%	25.1%
2064	13.8%	25.3%
2063	13.8%	25.6%
2062	13.9%	25.8%
2061	13.9%	26.1%
2060	14%	26.4%
2059	14.1%	26.7%
2058	14.1%	27%
2057	14.2%	27.3%
2056	14.3%	27.6%
2055	14.3%	27.9%
2054	14.4%	28.3%
2053	14.4%	28.6%
2052	14.4%	28.9%
2051	14.4%	29.2%
2050	14.4%	29.5%
2049	14.4%	29.8%
2048	14.4%	30.1%
2047	14.4%	30.4%
2046	14.4%	30.7%
2045	14.3%	31%
2044	14.3%	31.2%
2043	14.3%	31.5%
2042	14.3%	31.8%
2041	14.2%	32.1%
2040	14.2%	32.4%
2039	14.2%	32.7%
2038	14.3%	33%
2037	14.3%	33.3%
2036	14.3%	33.6%
2035	14.4%	33.9%
2034	14.5%	34.2%
2033	14.6%	34.6%
2032	14.8%	34.9%
2031	15%	35.2%
2030	15.1%	35.6%
2029	15.2%	35.9%
2028	15.3%	36.2%
2027	15.4%	36.5%
2026	15.5%	36.9%
2025	15.6%	37.2%
2024	15.7%	37.4%
2023	15.9%	37.7%
2022	16%	38.2%
2021	16.1%	38.6%
2020	16.1%	39.2%
2019	16%	39.7%
2018	15.9%	40.1%
2017	15.8%	40.5%
2016	15.7%	40.9%
2015	15.7%	41.1%
2014	15.7%	41.4%
2013	15.7%	41.7%
2012	15.7%	41.9%
2011	15.8%	42.2%
2010	15.7%	42.4%
2009	15.7%	42.6%
2008	15.7%	42.8%
2007	15.7%	42.9%
2006	15.8%	42.9%
2005	16%	43.1%
2004	16.4%	43.3%
2003	16.9%	43.7%
2002	17.5%	44.3%
2001	18.1%	45.2%
2000	18.6%	46.4%
1999	19.1%	47.8%
1998	19.3%	49.2%
1997	19.6%	50.5%
1996	20%	51.4%
1995	20.5%	52.4%
1994	21%	50.1%
1993	21.6%	48.4%
1992	22.2%	48.7%
1991	22.8%	48.9%
1990	23.3%	49%
1989	23.7%	48.9%
1988	23.9%	48.9%
1987	24%	48.8%
1986	24.3%	48.6%
1985	24.6%	48.3%
1984	25.1%	48.1%
1983	25.9%	47.7%
1982	26.8%	47.4%
1981	27.1%	47.1%
1980	26.8%	46.8%
1979	26.5%	46.5%
1978	26.3%	46.4%
1977	26%	46.4%
1976	25.7%	46.4%
1975	25.3%	46.6%
1974	25.1%	46.9%
1973	24.9%	47.2%
1972	24.9%	47.5%
1971	24.9%	47.9%
1970	25.1%	48.2%
1969	25.1%	48.7%
1968	25.1%	49.2%
1967	25%	49.7%
1966	25.2%	50.2%
1965	26%	50.6%
1964	26.7%	50.8%
1963	27.3%	50.6%
1962	27.7%	50.2%
1961	28%	49.7%
1960	28.1%	49.2%

Children aged 0-14 make up 15.7% of the population in Romania and 37.4% in Rwanda in 2024, compared to 23.3% and 49% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Romania and Rwanda compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Romania vs Rwanda

Chart Table

Romania

Rwanda

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Romania	Rwanda
2023	12	229
2022	13	234
2021	20	254
2020	16	252
2019	14	261
2018	15	269
2017	17	275
2016	17	278
2015	18	292
2014	18	301
2013	18	317
2012	19	331
2011	20	358
2010	23	393
2009	25	418
2008	25	454
2007	25	494
2006	27	494
2005	30	465
2004	32	460
2003	35	551
2002	38	677
2001	41	769
2000	45	885
1999	51	1,073
1998	58	1,268
1997	66	1,318
1996	72	1,295
1995	75	1,505
1994	80	5,721
1993	87	1,619
1992	95	1,530
1991	104	1,386
1990	118	1,309
1989	143	1,238
1988	159	1,188
1987	173	1,145
1986	180	1,126
1985	184	1,116

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 12 deaths per 100,000 live births in Romania, compared to 229 deaths in Rwanda.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Romania

Rwanda

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Romania	Rwanda
2023	0.66%	4%
2022	0.66%	4.08%
2021	0.65%	4.16%
2020	0.66%	4.25%
2019	0.68%	4.34%
2018	0.73%	4.43%
2017	0.79%	4.52%
2016	0.85%	4.63%
2015	0.92%	4.78%
2014	0.99%	4.96%
2013	1.05%	5.17%
2012	1.12%	5.45%
2011	1.18%	5.81%
2010	1.24%	6.33%
2009	1.31%	6.92%
2008	1.4%	7.62%
2007	1.51%	8.45%
2006	1.66%	9.37%
2005	1.82%	10.5%
2004	1.94%	11.8%
2003	1.99%	13.3%
2002	2.01%	14.9%
2001	2.06%	16.7%
2000	2.16%	18.5%
1999	2.29%	20.2%
1998	2.44%	21.5%
1997	2.58%	22.2%
1996	2.68%	22.2%
1995	2.73%	21.8%
1994	2.76%	38.9%
1993	2.79%	19.3%
1992	2.84%	17.5%
1991	2.97%	16%
1990	3.14%	15.1%
1989	3.31%	14.8%
1988	3.43%	14.8%
1987	3.45%	15.2%
1986	3.33%	15.6%
1985	3.16%	16.1%
1984	3.08%	16.6%
1983	3.14%	17.4%
1982	3.28%	18.6%
1981	3.44%	20.1%
1980	3.57%	21.8%
1979	3.68%	23.4%
1978	3.76%	24.6%
1977	3.86%	25.1%
1976	4.05%	25.1%
1975	4.27%	24.6%
1974	4.43%	24%
1973	4.49%	23.4%
1972	4.64%	23%
1971	5.06%	22.6%
1970	5.69%	22.3%
1969	6.23%	22%
1968	6.44%	21.7%
1967	6.27%	21.4%
1966	5.83%	21.2%
1965	5.44%	21.1%
1964	5.45%	21.1%
1963	6.03%	21.3%
1962	6.98%	21.5%
1961	7.98%	21.9%
1960	8.82%	22.4%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.66% in Romania and 4% in Rwanda. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.