Fertility & birth rates in China and Nicaragua

Fertility rate in China vs Nicaragua by year

Chart Table

China

Nicaragua

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	China	Nicaragua
2023	1	2.22
2022	1.03	2.24
2021	1.12	2.27
2020	1.24	2.3
2019	1.5	2.32
2018	1.54	2.35
2017	1.8	2.38
2016	1.77	2.41
2015	1.67	2.43
2014	1.77	2.46
2013	1.71	2.49
2012	1.8	2.53
2011	1.67	2.56
2010	1.69	2.6
2009	1.71	2.63
2008	1.7	2.66
2007	1.67	2.7
2006	1.64	2.73
2005	1.62	2.77
2004	1.61	2.78
2003	1.57	2.83
2002	1.57	2.89
2001	1.56	3
2000	1.63	3.12
1999	1.53	3.22
1998	1.52	3.34
1997	1.53	3.47
1996	1.55	3.62
1995	1.59	3.78
1994	1.63	3.94
1993	1.69	4.1
1992	1.78	4.27
1991	1.93	4.43
1990	2.51	4.6
1989	2.52	4.76
1988	2.54	4.93
1987	2.76	5.07
1986	2.72	5.22
1985	2.63	5.36
1984	2.61	5.49
1983	2.56	5.61
1982	2.97	5.74
1981	2.79	5.84
1980	2.74	5.96
1979	2.75	6.07
1978	2.72	6.16
1977	2.84	6.28
1976	3.24	6.37
1975	3.57	6.45
1974	4.17	6.52
1973	4.73	6.59
1972	5.11	6.65
1971	5.52	6.71
1970	6.09	6.77
1969	6.18	6.83
1968	6.51	6.89
1967	5.81	6.94
1966	6.31	6.99
1965	6.61	7.03
1964	6.67	7.06
1963	7.51	7.08
1962	6.09	7.1
1961	3.86	7.11
1960	4.45	7.16

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in China was 1 children per woman in 2023, compared to 2.22 in Nicaragua in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check China vs Nicaragua population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

China

Nicaragua

1x

Year	Natural population change
	China	Nicaragua
2023	-2,087,851	100,921
2022	-847,305	100,987
2021	480,203	89,213
2020	2,046,095	90,515
2019	4,673,713	102,817
2018	5,302,433	104,814
2017	7,790,880	105,468
2016	9,062,269	106,585
2015	6,788,911	107,344
2014	9,205,180	108,420
2013	8,043,116	109,032
2012	10,075,174	110,065
2011	8,245,065	110,026
2010	6,407,607	110,475
2009	6,483,236	110,213
2008	6,729,247	110,395
2007	6,813,465	110,341
2006	6,922,185	110,073
2005	7,678,911	108,984
2004	7,607,960	106,904
2003	7,743,284	106,142
2002	8,258,580	105,805
2001	8,839,358	107,109
2000	9,570,849	109,192
1999	10,247,372	110,217
1998	11,351,286	108,862
1997	12,374,554	114,415
1996	12,686,872	116,849
1995	12,711,220	118,325
1994	13,360,470	119,565
1993	13,493,138	120,469
1992	13,548,601	121,204
1991	14,937,124	121,787
1990	16,335,313	120,677
1989	16,824,495	120,128
1988	17,328,640	117,299
1987	18,005,821	112,885
1986	16,609,920	113,054
1985	14,987,830	110,949
1984	13,561,671	110,133
1983	13,599,789	110,618
1982	15,815,318	112,468
1981	14,461,027	110,421
1980	11,647,260	108,604
1979	11,250,148	96,429
1978	11,473,980	98,419
1977	11,378,068	100,498
1976	11,782,472	98,100
1975	14,378,237	95,230
1974	15,738,118	92,505
1973	18,423,727	89,662
1972	19,102,585	76,906
1971	19,622,980	84,139
1970	21,137,076	81,127
1969	20,760,332	78,237
1968	21,206,083	75,458
1967	19,263,662	72,722
1966	19,282,187	69,883
1965	20,296,950	67,056
1964	19,302,532	64,227
1963	22,742,225	61,738
1962	17,969,132	59,547
1961	2,496,047	57,499
1960	-3,048,510	55,664

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.15% in China and +1.48% in Nicaragua.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +0.31% in China and +1.58% in Nicaragua.

Birth rate in China vs Nicaragua by year

Chart Table

China

Nicaragua

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	China	Nicaragua
2023	6.39	19.4
2022	6.77	19.7
2021	7.52	20
2020	8.52	20.5
2019	10.4	20.8
2018	10.9	21.2
2017	12.6	21.6
2016	13.6	22.1
2015	12	22.4
2014	13.8	22.8
2013	13	23.2
2012	14.6	23.6
2011	13.3	24
2010	11.9	24.3
2009	12	24.6
2008	12.1	24.9
2007	12.1	25.2
2006	12.1	25.4
2005	12.4	25.6
2004	12.3	25.7
2003	12.4	25.9
2002	12.9	26.3
2001	13.4	27
2000	14	27.9
1999	14.6	28.5
1998	15.6	29.2
1997	16.6	30
1996	17	31
1995	17.1	31.9
1994	17.7	32.9
1993	18.1	33.9
1992	18.3	34.9
1991	19.7	35.8
1990	21.1	36.6
1989	21.6	37.5
1988	22.4	38.4
1987	23.3	39.1
1986	22.4	39.8
1985	21	40.6
1984	19.9	41.3
1983	20.2	42.1
1982	22.3	42.8
1981	20.9	43.4
1980	18.2	44.1
1979	17.8	44.6
1978	18.3	44.9
1977	18.9	45.3
1976	19.9	45.6
1975	23	45.9
1974	24.8	46.2
1973	27.9	46.4
1972	29.8	46.7
1971	30.7	46.8
1970	33.4	46.8
1969	34.1	47
1968	35.6	47.2
1967	34	47.4
1966	35.1	47.6
1965	37.9	47.9
1964	39.1	48.2
1963	43.4	48.5
1962	37	48.9
1961	18	49.3
1960	20.9	50

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 6.39 in China and 19.4 in Nicaragua, compared with 20.9 and 50, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

China

Factual

UN forecast

Nicaragua

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	China	Nicaragua
2100	7.83%	14.2%
2099	7.84%	14.3%
2098	7.87%	14.3%
2097	7.91%	14.4%
2096	7.96%	14.4%
2095	8.03%	14.5%
2094	8.1%	14.5%
2093	8.18%	14.6%
2092	8.26%	14.7%
2091	8.34%	14.7%
2090	8.41%	14.8%
2089	8.47%	14.9%
2088	8.52%	14.9%
2087	8.55%	15%
2086	8.57%	15.1%
2085	8.57%	15.2%
2084	8.56%	15.2%
2083	8.53%	15.3%
2082	8.48%	15.4%
2081	8.41%	15.5%
2080	8.34%	15.6%
2079	8.25%	15.7%
2078	8.15%	15.8%
2077	8.06%	15.9%
2076	7.96%	16%
2075	7.86%	16.1%
2074	7.77%	16.2%
2073	7.7%	16.3%
2072	7.64%	16.4%
2071	7.6%	16.5%
2070	7.58%	16.7%
2069	7.59%	16.8%
2068	7.63%	16.9%
2067	7.7%	17.1%
2066	7.8%	17.2%
2065	7.93%	17.4%
2064	8.08%	17.6%
2063	8.25%	17.7%
2062	8.44%	17.9%
2061	8.64%	18.1%
2060	8.84%	18.2%
2059	9.03%	18.4%
2058	9.22%	18.6%
2057	9.39%	18.8%
2056	9.54%	19%
2055	9.67%	19.2%
2054	9.78%	19.4%
2053	9.86%	19.7%
2052	9.92%	19.9%
2051	9.94%	20.1%
2050	9.94%	20.3%
2049	9.92%	20.6%
2048	9.88%	20.8%
2047	9.82%	21.1%
2046	9.75%	21.3%
2045	9.67%	21.6%
2044	9.59%	21.8%
2043	9.52%	22.1%
2042	9.46%	22.4%
2041	9.4%	22.7%
2040	9.35%	23%
2039	9.32%	23.3%
2038	9.3%	23.6%
2037	9.32%	23.9%
2036	9.42%	24.2%
2035	9.63%	24.5%
2034	10%	24.9%
2033	10.5%	25.2%
2032	11.2%	25.6%
2031	11.8%	26%
2030	12.4%	26.4%
2029	13.1%	26.8%
2028	13.8%	27.2%
2027	14.5%	27.7%
2026	15.1%	28.1%
2025	15.7%	28.5%
2024	16%	28.8%
2023	16.6%	29.2%
2022	17.1%	29.6%
2021	17.6%	30.1%
2020	18%	30.4%
2019	18.2%	30.8%
2018	18.3%	31.1%
2017	18.4%	31.5%
2016	18.3%	31.8%
2015	18.3%	32.2%
2014	18.3%	32.6%
2013	18.3%	32.9%
2012	18.3%	33.3%
2011	18.3%	33.8%
2010	18.5%	34.2%
2009	18.6%	34.7%
2008	18.9%	35.2%
2007	19.2%	35.7%
2006	19.6%	36.2%
2005	20.3%	36.8%
2004	21.2%	37.5%
2003	22%	38.2%
2002	22.9%	38.9%
2001	23.8%	39.6%
2000	24.5%	40.3%
1999	25.2%	41%
1998	25.7%	41.7%
1997	26.3%	42.4%
1996	27%	43.1%
1995	27.4%	43.7%
1994	27.8%	44.3%
1993	28.2%	44.8%
1992	28.4%	45.2%
1991	28.6%	45.7%
1990	28.8%	46.1%
1989	28.9%	46.4%
1988	29.3%	46.7%
1987	29.8%	46.9%
1986	30.4%	47%
1985	31.2%	47.1%
1984	32.2%	47.2%
1983	33.3%	47.2%
1982	34.3%	47.3%
1981	35.1%	47.3%
1980	36.1%	47.3%
1979	37.2%	47.3%
1978	38.6%	47.3%
1977	39.8%	47.2%
1976	40.3%	47.3%
1975	40.2%	47.3%
1974	40.2%	47.3%
1973	40.1%	47.4%
1972	40.4%	47.4%
1971	40.7%	47.5%
1970	40.8%	47.5%
1969	41%	47.6%
1968	41%	47.7%
1967	41.3%	47.8%
1966	41.5%	47.9%
1965	41.5%	48.1%
1964	41.2%	48.2%
1963	40.6%	48.2%
1962	40%	48%
1961	40%	47.8%
1960	40.3%	47.6%

Children aged 0-14 make up 16% of the population in China and 28.8% in Nicaragua in 2024, compared to 28.8% and 46.1% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of China and Nicaragua compared.

Maternal mortality chart: China vs Nicaragua

Chart Table

China

Nicaragua

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	China	Nicaragua
2023	16	60
2022	18	61
2021	21	124
2020	20	87
2019	21	69
2018	22	67
2017	24	72
2016	25	77
2015	26	81
2014	28	83
2013	30	86
2012	32	88
2011	33	93
2010	34	96
2009	35	99
2008	38	101
2007	38	106
2006	40	113
2005	42	124
2004	45	140
2003	47	154
2002	50	170
2001	52	194
2000	56	213
1999	58	228
1998	60	239
1997	63	236
1996	67	244
1995	71	251
1994	76	256
1993	80	265
1992	86	272
1991	92	273
1990	102	281
1989	104	286
1988	108	301
1987	114	316
1986	120	313
1985	125	319

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 16 deaths per 100,000 live births in China, compared to 60 deaths in Nicaragua.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

China

Nicaragua

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	China	Nicaragua
2023	0.62%	1.34%
2022	0.66%	1.39%
2021	0.7%	1.45%
2020	0.75%	1.51%
2019	0.8%	1.57%
2018	0.86%	1.64%
2017	0.92%	1.71%
2016	0.99%	1.78%
2015	1.07%	1.86%
2014	1.15%	1.94%
2013	1.25%	2.03%
2012	1.35%	2.13%
2011	1.46%	2.22%
2010	1.58%	2.33%
2009	1.71%	2.44%
2008	1.85%	2.55%
2007	2.01%	2.68%
2006	2.19%	2.81%
2005	2.4%	2.95%
2004	2.64%	3.1%
2003	2.89%	3.26%
2002	3.15%	3.43%
2001	3.42%	3.62%
2000	3.67%	3.82%
1999	3.91%	4.04%
1998	4.14%	5.01%
1997	4.36%	4.54%
1996	4.56%	4.81%
1995	4.75%	5.09%
1994	4.93%	5.39%
1993	5.08%	5.69%
1992	5.22%	6%
1991	5.31%	6.31%
1990	5.37%	6.62%
1989	5.39%	6.92%
1988	5.4%	7.22%
1987	5.4%	7.53%
1986	5.4%	7.85%
1985	5.43%	8.21%
1984	5.5%	8.62%
1983	5.61%	9.07%
1982	5.78%	9.58%
1981	6%	10.2%
1980	6.28%	10.8%
1979	6.62%	11.5%
1978	7.01%	12.2%
1977	7.47%	12.9%
1976	7.97%	13.7%
1975	8.5%	14.4%
1974	9.05%	15%
1973	9.61%	15.6%
1972	10.2%	18.7%
1971	10.7%	16.6%
1970	11.3%	17.1%
1969	11.9%	17.4%
1968	-	17.8%
1967	-	18.1%
1966	-	18.4%
1965	-	18.7%
1964	-	19%
1963	-	19.2%
1962	-	19.4%
1961	-	19.6%
1960	-	19.8%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.62% in China and 1.34% in Nicaragua. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.