Fertility & birth rates in Ethiopia and Romania

Fertility rate in Ethiopia vs Romania chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Ethiopia was 3.99 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.71 in Romania in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Ethiopia vs Romania population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Ethiopia	Romania
1960	6.51	2.34
1961	6.53	2.17
1962	6.56	2.04
1963	6.59	2.01
1964	6.61	1.96
1965	6.63	1.91
1966	6.66	1.9
1967	6.68	3.66
1968	6.7	3.63
1969	6.72	3.19
1970	6.78	2.89
1971	6.84	2.67
1972	6.9	2.55
1973	6.96	2.44
1974	7.02	2.71
1975	7.08	2.59
1976	7.13	2.54
1977	7.19	2.57
1978	7.23	2.52
1979	7.25	2.49
1980	7.29	2.43
1981	7.31	2.36
1982	7.34	2.17
1983	7.35	2.06
1984	7.36	2.26
1985	7.34	2.31
1986	7.32	2.39
1987	7.29	2.38
1988	7.26	2.3
1989	7.23	2.22
1990	7.2	1.83
1991	7.16	1.59
1992	7.13	1.51
1993	7.09	1.43
1994	7.05	1.4
1995	7	1.33
1996	6.93	1.3
1997	6.87	1.32
1998	6.79	1.32
1999	6.72	1.3
2000	6.65	1.31
2001	6.58	1.27
2002	6.5	1.27
2003	6.4	1.3
2004	6.3	1.33
2005	6.19	1.4
2006	6.05	1.42
2007	5.89	1.45
2008	5.7	1.6
2009	5.49	1.66
2010	5.28	1.59
2011	5.08	1.47
2012	4.89	1.52
2013	4.71	1.46
2014	4.61	1.56
2015	4.53	1.62
2016	4.47	1.69
2017	4.4	1.78
2018	4.37	1.76
2019	4.35	1.77
2020	4.27	1.8
2021	4.18	1.81
2022	4.08	1.71
2023	3.99	1.71
2024	3.91	1.71
2025	3.81	1.71
2026	3.72	1.7
2027	3.64	1.7
2028	3.57	1.7
2029	3.5	1.7
2030	3.43	1.7
2031	3.36	1.7
2032	3.3	1.7
2033	3.24	1.69
2034	3.19	1.69
2035	3.14	1.69
2036	3.08	1.69
2037	3.03	1.69
2038	2.99	1.69
2039	2.94	1.69
2040	2.9	1.69
2041	2.86	1.68
2042	2.83	1.68
2043	2.79	1.68
2044	2.75	1.68
2045	2.72	1.68
2046	2.68	1.68
2047	2.65	1.68
2048	2.62	1.68
2049	2.59	1.68
2050	2.55	1.68

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Ethiopia	Romania
1960	42.2%	28.1%
1961	42.2%	28%
1962	42.1%	27.7%
1963	42.2%	27.3%
1964	42.3%	26.7%
1965	42.5%	26%
1966	42.9%	25.2%
1967	43.2%	25%
1968	43.5%	25.1%
1969	43.8%	25.1%
1970	44.2%	25.1%
1971	44.5%	24.9%
1972	44.9%	24.9%
1973	45.2%	24.9%
1974	45.4%	25.1%
1975	45.6%	25.3%
1976	45.7%	25.7%
1977	45.9%	26%
1978	46.1%	26.3%
1979	46.2%	26.5%
1980	46.3%	26.8%
1981	46.4%	27.1%
1982	46.5%	26.8%
1983	46.4%	25.9%
1984	46.2%	25.1%
1985	46.1%	24.6%
1986	46%	24.3%
1987	46%	24%
1988	46%	23.9%
1989	46.1%	23.7%
1990	46.2%	23.3%
1991	46.2%	22.8%
1992	46.2%	22.2%
1993	46.4%	21.6%
1994	46.5%	21%
1995	46.7%	20.5%
1996	46.9%	20%
1997	47.1%	19.6%
1998	47.4%	19.3%
1999	47.6%	19.1%
2000	47.7%	18.6%
2001	47.8%	18.1%
2002	47.8%	17.5%
2003	47.7%	16.9%
2004	47.6%	16.4%
2005	47.4%	16%
2006	47.2%	15.8%
2007	46.9%	15.7%
2008	46.6%	15.7%
2009	46.2%	15.7%
2010	45.7%	15.7%
2011	45.2%	15.8%
2012	44.6%	15.7%
2013	44%	15.7%
2014	43.4%	15.7%
2015	42.9%	15.7%
2016	42.3%	15.7%
2017	41.8%	15.8%
2018	41.3%	15.9%
2019	40.9%	16%
2020	40.5%	16.1%
2021	40.1%	16.1%
2022	39.7%	16%
2023	39.4%	15.9%
2024	39.1%	15.7%
2025	38.8%	15.6%
2026	38.5%	15.4%
2027	38.3%	15.3%
2028	38.1%	15.2%
2029	37.8%	15.1%
2030	37.6%	15%
2031	37.3%	14.9%
2032	37%	14.7%
2033	36.6%	14.6%
2034	36.2%	14.4%
2035	35.8%	14.4%
2036	35.4%	14.3%
2037	34.9%	14.3%
2038	34.5%	14.3%
2039	34%	14.2%
2040	33.6%	14.2%
2041	33.2%	14.3%
2042	32.8%	14.3%
2043	32.4%	14.3%
2044	32%	14.3%
2045	31.7%	14.4%
2046	31.3%	14.4%
2047	31%	14.4%
2048	30.7%	14.4%
2049	30.3%	14.4%
2050	30%	14.4%

Children aged 0-14 make up 39.1% of the population in Ethiopia and 15.7% in Romania in 2024, compared to 46.2% and 23.3% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Ethiopia and Romania compared.

Natural population change in Ethiopia vs Romania by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +2.64% in Ethiopia and -0.4% in Romania. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Ethiopia	Romania
1960	511,694	191,431
1961	538,518	163,286
1962	563,650	130,736
1963	590,998	139,104
1964	618,667	134,326
1965	642,359	114,190
1966	616,281	115,293
1967	695,283	347,709
1968	715,602	338,577
1969	736,428	264,120
1970	760,821	234,905
1971	787,047	206,662
1972	779,808	198,316
1973	807,535	175,020
1974	777,306	235,530
1975	801,425	219,324
1976	899,577	213,361
1977	929,381	215,385
1978	943,388	204,148
1979	987,203	194,397
1980	1,007,516	168,776
1981	1,018,838	156,472
1982	1,080,853	119,121
1983	863,472	87,986
1984	920,670	117,731
1985	997,050	111,392
1986	1,050,277	134,737
1987	1,356,853	128,517
1988	1,393,356	126,817
1989	1,441,769	122,756
1990	1,479,663	69,605
1991	1,579,416	25,301
1992	1,673,839	-4,559
1993	1,734,851	-13,658
1994	1,788,133	-18,184
1995	1,831,068	-36,295
1996	1,896,364	-56,548
1997	1,945,112	-42,853
1998	1,984,989	-33,761
1999	2,010,987	-31,461
2000	2,083,622	-22,443
2001	2,137,791	-37,625
2002	2,189,683	-58,673
2003	2,231,223	-56,093
2004	2,296,999	-42,904
2005	2,353,375	-40,508
2006	2,393,585	-38,148
2007	2,436,753	-37,590
2008	2,465,283	-30,806
2009	2,467,118	-34,625
2010	2,498,048	-46,567
2011	2,527,811	-56,413
2012	2,533,398	-54,157
2013	2,546,020	-59,951
2014	2,623,647	-55,745
2015	2,713,529	-59,447
2016	2,809,889	-53,196
2017	2,899,143	-50,930
2018	3,015,231	-62,316
2019	3,132,780	-60,053
2020	3,199,718	-100,179
2021	3,204,673	-141,504
2022	3,300,114	-93,338
2023	3,338,649	-89,580

Maternal mortality chart: Ethiopia vs Romania

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 195 deaths per 100,000 live births in Ethiopia, compared to 12 deaths in Romania.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Ethiopia	Romania
1985	1,329	184
1986	1,317	180
1987	1,289	173
1988	1,306	159
1989	1,296	143
1990	1,320	118
1991	1,239	104
1992	1,218	95
1993	1,168	87
1994	1,113	80
1995	1,060	75
1996	1,008	72
1997	957	66
1998	911	58
1999	901	51
2000	870	45
2001	856	41
2002	826	38
2003	797	35
2004	764	32
2005	754	30
2006	729	27
2007	704	25
2008	678	25
2009	649	25
2010	619	23
2011	588	20
2012	545	19
2013	494	18
2014	444	18
2015	401	18
2016	364	17
2017	327	17
2018	297	15
2019	269	14
2020	244	16
2021	250	20
2022	207	13
2023	195	12

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 4.65% in Ethiopia and 0.66% in Romania. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Ethiopia	Romania
1960	-	8.82%
1961	-	7.98%
1962	-	6.98%
1963	-	6.03%
1964	-	5.45%
1965	-	5.44%
1966	27.8%	5.83%
1967	24.9%	6.27%
1968	24.8%	6.44%
1969	24.8%	6.23%
1970	24.7%	5.69%
1971	24.7%	5.06%
1972	24.7%	4.64%
1973	24.6%	4.49%
1974	28.3%	4.43%
1975	28.2%	4.27%
1976	24.5%	4.05%
1977	24.5%	3.86%
1978	24.4%	3.76%
1979	24.2%	3.68%
1980	24%	3.57%
1981	23.8%	3.44%
1982	23.5%	3.28%
1983	32%	3.14%
1984	31.4%	3.08%
1985	30.3%	3.16%
1986	29.7%	3.33%
1987	21.5%	3.45%
1988	21%	3.43%
1989	20.6%	3.31%
1990	20.2%	3.14%
1991	19.7%	2.97%
1992	19.1%	2.84%
1993	18.5%	2.79%
1994	17.9%	2.76%
1995	17.2%	2.73%
1996	16.6%	2.68%
1997	15.9%	2.58%
1998	15.3%	2.44%
1999	14.7%	2.29%
2000	14%	2.16%
2001	13.4%	2.06%
2002	12.8%	2.01%
2003	12.1%	1.99%
2004	11.5%	1.94%
2005	10.9%	1.82%
2006	10.3%	1.66%
2007	9.74%	1.51%
2008	9.23%	1.4%
2009	8.76%	1.31%
2010	8.32%	1.24%
2011	7.91%	1.18%
2012	7.53%	1.12%
2013	7.16%	1.05%
2014	6.82%	0.99%
2015	6.49%	0.92%
2016	6.17%	0.85%
2017	5.89%	0.79%
2018	5.64%	0.73%
2019	5.41%	0.68%
2020	5.2%	0.66%
2021	5%	0.65%
2022	4.82%	0.66%
2023	4.65%	0.66%