Fertility & birth rates in China and Turkey

Fertility rate in China vs Turkey by year

Chart Table

China

Turkey

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	China	Turkey
2023	1	1.51
2022	1.03	1.63
2021	1.12	1.71
2020	1.24	1.77
2019	1.5	1.89
2018	1.54	2
2017	1.8	2.08
2016	1.77	2.11
2015	1.67	2.16
2014	1.77	2.19
2013	1.71	2.11
2012	1.8	2.11
2011	1.67	2.05
2010	1.69	2.08
2009	1.71	2.1
2008	1.7	2.15
2007	1.67	2.16
2006	1.64	2.19
2005	1.62	2.2
2004	1.61	2.2
2003	1.57	2.2
2002	1.57	2.27
2001	1.56	2.39
2000	1.63	2.49
1999	1.53	2.63
1998	1.52	2.71
1997	1.53	2.74
1996	1.55	2.78
1995	1.59	2.84
1994	1.63	2.87
1993	1.69	2.92
1992	1.78	2.94
1991	1.93	3
1990	2.51	3.11
1989	2.52	3.34
1988	2.54	3.45
1987	2.76	3.54
1986	2.72	3.66
1985	2.63	3.78
1984	2.61	3.91
1983	2.56	4.06
1982	2.97	4.21
1981	2.79	4.35
1980	2.74	4.45
1979	2.75	4.58
1978	2.72	4.69
1977	2.84	4.78
1976	3.24	4.93
1975	3.57	5.09
1974	4.17	5.24
1973	4.73	5.41
1972	5.11	5.55
1971	5.52	5.67
1970	6.09	5.78
1969	6.18	5.87
1968	6.51	5.96
1967	5.81	6.06
1966	6.31	6.15
1965	6.61	6.22
1964	6.67	6.29
1963	7.51	6.34
1962	6.09	6.38
1961	3.86	6.42
1960	4.45	6.38

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in China was 1 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.51 in Turkey in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check China vs Turkey population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

China

Turkey

1x

Year	Natural population change
	China	Turkey
2023	-2,087,851	426,630
2022	-847,305	535,373
2021	480,203	521,713
2020	2,046,095	608,708
2019	4,673,713	751,472
2018	5,302,433	830,353
2017	7,790,880	875,408
2016	9,062,269	895,841
2015	6,788,911	930,799
2014	9,205,180	957,055
2013	8,043,116	921,386
2012	10,075,174	917,145
2011	8,245,065	875,839
2010	6,407,607	892,334
2009	6,483,236	900,491
2008	6,729,247	868,749
2007	6,813,465	876,626
2006	6,922,185	897,351
2005	7,678,911	898,650
2004	7,607,960	896,025
2003	7,743,284	893,683
2002	8,258,580	922,927
2001	8,839,358	980,560
2000	9,570,849	1,020,515
1999	10,247,372	1,063,312
1998	11,351,286	1,103,242
1997	12,374,554	1,099,738
1996	12,686,872	1,091,827
1995	12,711,220	1,090,630
1994	13,360,470	1,078,208
1993	13,493,138	1,064,168
1992	13,548,601	1,039,125
1991	14,937,124	1,041,229
1990	16,335,313	1,044,467
1989	16,824,495	1,094,036
1988	17,328,640	1,101,266
1987	18,005,821	1,099,042
1986	16,609,920	1,102,660
1985	14,987,830	1,098,846
1984	13,561,671	1,096,529
1983	13,599,789	1,095,106
1982	15,815,318	1,091,863
1981	14,461,027	1,100,082
1980	11,647,260	1,090,538
1979	11,250,148	1,076,707
1978	11,473,980	1,054,863
1977	11,378,068	1,023,779
1976	11,782,472	1,009,999
1975	14,378,237	1,012,904
1974	15,738,118	1,020,053
1973	18,423,727	1,025,675
1972	19,102,585	1,023,781
1971	19,622,980	1,014,165
1970	21,137,076	991,950
1969	20,760,332	970,958
1968	21,206,083	950,778
1967	19,263,662	936,727
1966	19,282,187	925,790
1965	20,296,950	904,016
1964	19,302,532	884,152
1963	22,742,225	862,626
1962	17,969,132	837,473
1961	2,496,047	816,911
1960	-3,048,510	773,009

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.15% in China and +0.5% in Turkey.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +0.31% in China and +0.91% in Turkey.

Birth rate in China vs Turkey by year

Chart Table

China

Turkey

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	China	Turkey
2023	6.39	11.2
2022	6.77	12.2
2021	7.52	12.9
2020	8.52	13.4
2019	10.4	14.4
2018	10.9	15.4
2017	12.6	16.2
2016	13.6	16.6
2015	12	17.1
2014	13.8	17.5
2013	13	17
2012	14.6	17.2
2011	13.3	16.9
2010	11.9	17.2
2009	12	17.6
2008	12.1	18.2
2007	12.1	18.4
2006	12.1	18.7
2005	12.4	18.8
2004	12.3	18.9
2003	12.4	18.9
2002	12.9	19.5
2001	13.4	20.6
2000	14	21.4
1999	14.6	22.6
1998	15.6	23.3
1997	16.6	23.5
1996	17	23.7
1995	17.1	24.1
1994	17.7	24.3
1993	18.1	24.4
1992	18.3	24.4
1991	19.7	24.9
1990	21.1	25.5
1989	21.6	26.9
1988	22.4	27.7
1987	23.3	28.3
1986	22.4	29
1985	21	29.7
1984	19.9	30.4
1983	20.2	31.2
1982	22.3	32
1981	20.9	33.1
1980	18.2	33.7
1979	17.8	34.2
1978	18.3	34.5
1977	18.9	34.7
1976	19.9	35.3
1975	23	36.2
1974	24.8	37.3
1973	27.9	38.4
1972	29.8	39.3
1971	30.7	40.1
1970	33.4	40.6
1969	34.1	41
1968	35.6	41.5
1967	34	42.1
1966	35.1	42.9
1965	37.9	43.4
1964	39.1	43.9
1963	43.4	44.3
1962	37	44.7
1961	18	45.2
1960	20.9	45

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 6.39 in China and 11.2 in Turkey, compared with 20.9 and 45, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

China

Factual

UN forecast

Turkey

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	China	Turkey
2100	7.83%	11%
2099	7.84%	11%
2098	7.87%	11.1%
2097	7.91%	11.1%
2096	7.96%	11.2%
2095	8.03%	11.2%
2094	8.1%	11.3%
2093	8.18%	11.4%
2092	8.26%	11.4%
2091	8.34%	11.5%
2090	8.41%	11.6%
2089	8.47%	11.6%
2088	8.52%	11.7%
2087	8.55%	11.7%
2086	8.57%	11.8%
2085	8.57%	11.8%
2084	8.56%	11.9%
2083	8.53%	11.9%
2082	8.48%	11.9%
2081	8.41%	11.9%
2080	8.34%	11.9%
2079	8.25%	12%
2078	8.15%	12%
2077	8.06%	12%
2076	7.96%	12%
2075	7.86%	12%
2074	7.77%	12%
2073	7.7%	12%
2072	7.64%	12.1%
2071	7.6%	12.1%
2070	7.58%	12.2%
2069	7.59%	12.2%
2068	7.63%	12.3%
2067	7.7%	12.4%
2066	7.8%	12.5%
2065	7.93%	12.7%
2064	8.08%	12.8%
2063	8.25%	13%
2062	8.44%	13.1%
2061	8.64%	13.3%
2060	8.84%	13.5%
2059	9.03%	13.7%
2058	9.22%	13.8%
2057	9.39%	14%
2056	9.54%	14.2%
2055	9.67%	14.3%
2054	9.78%	14.5%
2053	9.86%	14.6%
2052	9.92%	14.7%
2051	9.94%	14.9%
2050	9.94%	15%
2049	9.92%	15.1%
2048	9.88%	15.2%
2047	9.82%	15.3%
2046	9.75%	15.4%
2045	9.67%	15.5%
2044	9.59%	15.6%
2043	9.52%	15.7%
2042	9.46%	15.8%
2041	9.4%	15.9%
2040	9.35%	16%
2039	9.32%	16.1%
2038	9.3%	16.3%
2037	9.32%	16.4%
2036	9.42%	16.6%
2035	9.63%	16.9%
2034	10%	17.2%
2033	10.5%	17.6%
2032	11.2%	18%
2031	11.8%	18.4%
2030	12.4%	18.9%
2029	13.1%	19.4%
2028	13.8%	19.9%
2027	14.5%	20.3%
2026	15.1%	20.8%
2025	15.7%	21.2%
2024	16%	21.4%
2023	16.6%	21.8%
2022	17.1%	22.2%
2021	17.6%	22.5%
2020	18%	22.8%
2019	18.2%	23%
2018	18.3%	23.1%
2017	18.4%	23.3%
2016	18.3%	23.6%
2015	18.3%	23.9%
2014	18.3%	24.3%
2013	18.3%	24.7%
2012	18.3%	25.1%
2011	18.3%	25.5%
2010	18.5%	25.9%
2009	18.6%	26.3%
2008	18.9%	26.7%
2007	19.2%	27.1%
2006	19.6%	27.5%
2005	20.3%	27.9%
2004	21.2%	28.3%
2003	22%	28.7%
2002	22.9%	29.2%
2001	23.8%	29.7%
2000	24.5%	30.2%
1999	25.2%	30.8%
1998	25.7%	31.4%
1997	26.3%	32%
1996	27%	32.6%
1995	27.4%	33.2%
1994	27.8%	33.8%
1993	28.2%	34.3%
1992	28.4%	34.8%
1991	28.6%	35.3%
1990	28.8%	35.8%
1989	28.9%	36.3%
1988	29.3%	36.7%
1987	29.8%	37.2%
1986	30.4%	37.6%
1985	31.2%	38.1%
1984	32.2%	38.5%
1983	33.3%	38.9%
1982	34.3%	39.3%
1981	35.1%	39.6%
1980	36.1%	39.8%
1979	37.2%	40.1%
1978	38.6%	40.4%
1977	39.8%	40.7%
1976	40.3%	41.1%
1975	40.2%	41.5%
1974	40.2%	41.8%
1973	40.1%	42.1%
1972	40.4%	42.3%
1971	40.7%	42.5%
1970	40.8%	42.7%
1969	41%	42.8%
1968	41%	42.9%
1967	41.3%	42.9%
1966	41.5%	42.8%
1965	41.5%	42.8%
1964	41.2%	42.7%
1963	40.6%	42.5%
1962	40%	42.4%
1961	40%	42.2%
1960	40.3%	42%

Children aged 0-14 make up 16% of the population in China and 21.4% in Turkey in 2024, compared to 28.8% and 35.8% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of China and Turkey compared.

Maternal mortality chart: China vs Turkey

Chart Table

China

Turkey

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	China	Turkey
2023	16	15
2022	18	21
2021	21	20
2020	20	19
2019	21	17
2018	22	17
2017	24	18
2016	25	19
2015	26	19
2014	28	20
2013	30	20
2012	32	21
2011	33	23
2010	34	23
2009	35	23
2008	38	24
2007	38	25
2006	40	26
2005	42	27
2004	45	28
2003	47	29
2002	50	30
2001	52	31
2000	56	32
1999	58	34
1998	60	34
1997	63	35
1996	67	36
1995	71	37
1994	76	38
1993	80	39
1992	86	40
1991	92	41
1990	102	42
1989	104	44
1988	108	47
1987	114	50
1986	120	53
1985	125	56

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 16 deaths per 100,000 live births in China, compared to 15 deaths in Turkey.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

China

Turkey

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	China	Turkey
2023	0.62%	1.28%
2022	0.66%	0.96%
2021	0.7%	1.01%
2020	0.75%	1.05%
2019	0.8%	1.1%
2018	0.86%	1.15%
2017	0.92%	1.2%
2016	0.99%	1.26%
2015	1.07%	1.33%
2014	1.15%	1.4%
2013	1.25%	1.49%
2012	1.35%	1.58%
2011	1.46%	1.68%
2010	1.58%	1.79%
2009	1.71%	1.92%
2008	1.85%	2.06%
2007	2.01%	2.21%
2006	2.19%	2.38%
2005	2.4%	2.57%
2004	2.64%	2.77%
2003	2.89%	2.99%
2002	3.15%	3.22%
2001	3.42%	3.47%
2000	3.67%	3.74%
1999	3.91%	4.03%
1998	4.14%	4.33%
1997	4.36%	4.66%
1996	4.56%	5%
1995	4.75%	5.35%
1994	4.93%	5.73%
1993	5.08%	6.11%
1992	5.22%	6.52%
1991	5.31%	6.95%
1990	5.37%	7.38%
1989	5.39%	7.83%
1988	5.4%	8.29%
1987	5.4%	8.77%
1986	5.4%	9.27%
1985	5.43%	9.79%
1984	5.5%	10.3%
1983	5.61%	10.9%
1982	5.78%	11.5%
1981	6%	12.1%
1980	6.28%	12.7%
1979	6.62%	13.3%
1978	7.01%	13.9%
1977	7.47%	14.5%
1976	7.97%	15.1%
1975	8.5%	15.7%
1974	9.05%	16.3%
1973	9.61%	16.9%
1972	10.2%	17.5%
1971	10.7%	18%
1970	11.3%	18.6%
1969	11.9%	19.2%
1968	-	19.7%
1967	-	20.4%
1966	-	21%
1965	-	21.7%
1964	-	22.5%
1963	-	23.3%
1962	-	24.1%
1961	-	25%
1960	-	25.8%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.62% in China and 1.28% in Turkey. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.