Fertility & birth rates in China and Vietnam

Fertility rate in China vs Vietnam by year

Chart Table

China

Vietnam

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	China	Vietnam
2023	1	1.91
2022	1.03	1.93
2021	1.12	1.94
2020	1.24	1.96
2019	1.5	1.94
2018	1.54	1.88
2017	1.8	1.99
2016	1.77	2
2015	1.67	2.1
2014	1.77	2.09
2013	1.71	1.98
2012	1.8	1.97
2011	1.67	1.93
2010	1.69	1.91
2009	1.71	1.92
2008	1.7	1.93
2007	1.67	1.91
2006	1.64	1.87
2005	1.62	1.89
2004	1.61	1.97
2003	1.57	2
2002	1.57	2.01
2001	1.56	2.02
2000	1.63	2.03
1999	1.53	2
1998	1.52	2.1
1997	1.53	2.27
1996	1.55	2.47
1995	1.59	2.7
1994	1.63	2.94
1993	1.69	3.17
1992	1.78	3.35
1991	1.93	3.52
1990	2.51	3.6
1989	2.52	3.64
1988	2.54	3.62
1987	2.76	3.72
1986	2.72	3.96
1985	2.63	4.21
1984	2.61	4.41
1983	2.56	4.52
1982	2.97	4.59
1981	2.79	4.67
1980	2.74	4.8
1979	2.75	4.94
1978	2.72	5.1
1977	2.84	5.29
1976	3.24	5.46
1975	3.57	5.62
1974	4.17	5.78
1973	4.73	6.11
1972	5.11	6.1
1971	5.52	6.07
1970	6.09	6.02
1969	6.18	6.01
1968	6.51	6.03
1967	5.81	5.88
1966	6.31	5.97
1965	6.61	6.16
1964	6.67	6.29
1963	7.51	6.39
1962	6.09	6.26
1961	3.86	5.48
1960	4.45	6.27

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in China was 1 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.91 in Vietnam in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check China vs Vietnam population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

China

Vietnam

1x

Year	Natural population change
	China	Vietnam
2023	-2,087,851	727,955
2022	-847,305	775,914
2021	480,203	799,593
2020	2,046,095	924,004
2019	4,673,713	895,262
2018	5,302,433	882,977
2017	7,790,880	1,001,833
2016	9,062,269	1,045,094
2015	6,788,911	1,145,903
2014	9,205,180	1,151,221
2013	8,043,116	1,071,570
2012	10,075,174	1,063,741
2011	8,245,065	1,029,859
2010	6,407,607	1,005,559
2009	6,483,236	1,007,778
2008	6,729,247	1,008,141
2007	6,813,465	981,689
2006	6,922,185	943,041
2005	7,678,911	942,084
2004	7,607,960	985,438
2003	7,743,284	1,001,470
2002	8,258,580	991,427
2001	8,839,358	985,610
2000	9,570,849	966,894
1999	10,247,372	925,519
1998	11,351,286	959,016
1997	12,374,554	1,028,116
1996	12,686,872	1,108,686
1995	12,711,220	1,203,666
1994	13,360,470	1,291,534
1993	13,493,138	1,370,365
1992	13,548,601	1,419,952
1991	14,937,124	1,459,311
1990	16,335,313	1,449,157
1989	16,824,495	1,423,622
1988	17,328,640	1,370,108
1987	18,005,821	1,359,481
1986	16,609,920	1,407,957
1985	14,987,830	1,453,954
1984	13,561,671	1,477,448
1983	13,599,789	1,453,913
1982	15,815,318	1,407,959
1981	14,461,027	1,358,500
1980	11,647,260	1,321,595
1979	11,250,148	1,314,563
1978	11,473,980	1,286,991
1977	11,378,068	1,259,315
1976	11,782,472	1,232,608
1975	14,378,237	1,175,181
1974	15,738,118	1,000,505
1973	18,423,727	1,061,707
1972	19,102,585	921,524
1971	19,622,980	963,259
1970	21,137,076	905,902
1969	20,760,332	878,359
1968	21,206,083	815,116
1967	19,263,662	862,071
1966	19,282,187	876,283
1965	20,296,950	913,761
1964	19,302,532	950,219
1963	22,742,225	961,067
1962	17,969,132	960,046
1961	2,496,047	798,978
1960	-3,048,510	955,268

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.15% in China and +0.73% in Vietnam.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +0.31% in China and +0.97% in Vietnam.

Birth rate in China vs Vietnam by year

Chart Table

China

Vietnam

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	China	Vietnam
2023	6.39	13.8
2022	6.77	14.3
2021	7.52	14.7
2020	8.52	15.2
2019	10.4	15.5
2018	10.9	15.4
2017	12.6	16.8
2016	13.6	17.3
2015	12	18.5
2014	13.8	18.7
2013	13	17.9
2012	14.6	17.9
2011	13.3	17.6
2010	11.9	17.4
2009	12	17.5
2008	12.1	17.7
2007	12.1	17.5
2006	12.1	17.2
2005	12.4	17.4
2004	12.3	18
2003	12.4	18.2
2002	12.9	18.1
2001	13.4	18.1
2000	14	18
1999	14.6	17.6
1998	15.6	18.3
1997	16.6	19.6
1996	17	21
1995	17.1	22.7
1994	17.7	24.5
1993	18.1	26.1
1992	18.3	27.3
1991	19.7	28.5
1990	21.1	28.9
1989	21.6	29
1988	22.4	28.7
1987	23.3	29.2
1986	22.4	30.7
1985	21	32.2
1984	19.9	33.3
1983	20.2	33.7
1982	22.3	33.6
1981	20.9	33.4
1980	18.2	33.5
1979	17.8	34.1
1978	18.3	34.3
1977	18.9	34.6
1976	19.9	34.9
1975	23	35.1
1974	24.8	35.5
1973	27.9	36.9
1972	29.8	36.4
1971	30.7	35.7
1970	33.4	35.2
1969	34.1	35.1
1968	35.6	35.2
1967	34	34.6
1966	35.1	35.4
1965	37.9	37.1
1964	39.1	38.6
1963	43.4	40
1962	37	40
1961	18	35.6
1960	20.9	41.6

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 6.39 in China and 13.8 in Vietnam, compared with 20.9 and 41.6, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

China

Factual

UN forecast

Vietnam

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	China	Vietnam
2100	7.83%	13.2%
2099	7.84%	13.2%
2098	7.87%	13.3%
2097	7.91%	13.3%
2096	7.96%	13.3%
2095	8.03%	13.4%
2094	8.1%	13.4%
2093	8.18%	13.5%
2092	8.26%	13.5%
2091	8.34%	13.6%
2090	8.41%	13.7%
2089	8.47%	13.7%
2088	8.52%	13.8%
2087	8.55%	13.9%
2086	8.57%	14%
2085	8.57%	14%
2084	8.56%	14.1%
2083	8.53%	14.2%
2082	8.48%	14.2%
2081	8.41%	14.3%
2080	8.34%	14.3%
2079	8.25%	14.4%
2078	8.15%	14.4%
2077	8.06%	14.4%
2076	7.96%	14.4%
2075	7.86%	14.5%
2074	7.77%	14.5%
2073	7.7%	14.5%
2072	7.64%	14.5%
2071	7.6%	14.5%
2070	7.58%	14.5%
2069	7.59%	14.5%
2068	7.63%	14.5%
2067	7.7%	14.6%
2066	7.8%	14.6%
2065	7.93%	14.7%
2064	8.08%	14.8%
2063	8.25%	14.9%
2062	8.44%	15%
2061	8.64%	15.1%
2060	8.84%	15.3%
2059	9.03%	15.4%
2058	9.22%	15.6%
2057	9.39%	15.8%
2056	9.54%	16%
2055	9.67%	16.2%
2054	9.78%	16.4%
2053	9.86%	16.6%
2052	9.92%	16.7%
2051	9.94%	16.9%
2050	9.94%	17%
2049	9.92%	17.1%
2048	9.88%	17.2%
2047	9.82%	17.3%
2046	9.75%	17.4%
2045	9.67%	17.4%
2044	9.59%	17.5%
2043	9.52%	17.5%
2042	9.46%	17.5%
2041	9.4%	17.6%
2040	9.35%	17.6%
2039	9.32%	17.7%
2038	9.3%	17.8%
2037	9.32%	18%
2036	9.42%	18.2%
2035	9.63%	18.4%
2034	10%	18.7%
2033	10.5%	18.9%
2032	11.2%	19.3%
2031	11.8%	19.7%
2030	12.4%	20.2%
2029	13.1%	20.8%
2028	13.8%	21.4%
2027	14.5%	22.2%
2026	15.1%	22.7%
2025	15.7%	23%
2024	16%	23.2%
2023	16.6%	23.6%
2022	17.1%	23.9%
2021	17.6%	24.2%
2020	18%	24.4%
2019	18.2%	24.5%
2018	18.3%	24.6%
2017	18.4%	24.4%
2016	18.3%	24.1%
2015	18.3%	24%
2014	18.3%	24%
2013	18.3%	23.9%
2012	18.3%	24%
2011	18.3%	24.2%
2010	18.5%	24.6%
2009	18.6%	25.1%
2008	18.9%	25.6%
2007	19.2%	26.2%
2006	19.6%	26.9%
2005	20.3%	27.7%
2004	21.2%	28.5%
2003	22%	29.2%
2002	22.9%	29.9%
2001	23.8%	30.6%
2000	24.5%	31.5%
1999	25.2%	32.5%
1998	25.7%	33.5%
1997	26.3%	34.5%
1996	27%	35.4%
1995	27.4%	36.1%
1994	27.8%	36.7%
1993	28.2%	37.2%
1992	28.4%	37.7%
1991	28.6%	38.1%
1990	28.8%	38.5%
1989	28.9%	38.8%
1988	29.3%	39.2%
1987	29.8%	39.6%
1986	30.4%	39.9%
1985	31.2%	40.1%
1984	32.2%	40.1%
1983	33.3%	40.2%
1982	34.3%	40.2%
1981	35.1%	40.2%
1980	36.1%	40.3%
1979	37.2%	40.4%
1978	38.6%	40.6%
1977	39.8%	41%
1976	40.3%	41.2%
1975	40.2%	41.4%
1974	40.2%	41.8%
1973	40.1%	42.1%
1972	40.4%	42.4%
1971	40.7%	42.7%
1970	40.8%	42.9%
1969	41%	43.2%
1968	41%	43.4%
1967	41.3%	43.5%
1966	41.5%	43.6%
1965	41.5%	43.5%
1964	41.2%	43.4%
1963	40.6%	43.1%
1962	40%	42.4%
1961	40%	41.8%
1960	40.3%	41.1%

Children aged 0-14 make up 16% of the population in China and 23.2% in Vietnam in 2024, compared to 28.8% and 38.5% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of China and Vietnam compared.

Maternal mortality chart: China vs Vietnam

Chart Table

China

Vietnam

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	China	Vietnam
2023	16	48
2022	18	49
2021	21	52
2020	20	51
2019	21	52
2018	22	53
2017	24	55
2016	25	56
2015	26	58
2014	28	59
2013	30	60
2012	32	60
2011	33	61
2010	34	62
2009	35	64
2008	38	65
2007	38	66
2006	40	67
2005	42	69
2004	45	72
2003	47	71
2002	50	74
2001	52	78
2000	56	83
1999	58	86
1998	60	93
1997	63	104
1996	67	111
1995	71	119
1994	76	130
1993	80	135
1992	86	139
1991	92	142
1990	102	147
1989	104	152
1988	108	155
1987	114	163
1986	120	174
1985	125	186

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 16 deaths per 100,000 live births in China, compared to 48 deaths in Vietnam.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

China

Vietnam

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	China	Vietnam
2023	0.62%	2%
2022	0.66%	2.04%
2021	0.7%	2.07%
2020	0.75%	2.1%
2019	0.8%	2.12%
2018	0.86%	2.14%
2017	0.92%	2.15%
2016	0.99%	2.18%
2015	1.07%	2.2%
2014	1.15%	2.22%
2013	1.25%	2.24%
2012	1.35%	2.26%
2011	1.46%	2.28%
2010	1.58%	2.31%
2009	1.71%	2.33%
2008	1.85%	2.36%
2007	2.01%	2.4%
2006	2.19%	2.45%
2005	2.4%	2.5%
2004	2.64%	2.57%
2003	2.89%	2.65%
2002	3.15%	2.74%
2001	3.42%	2.86%
2000	3.67%	2.98%
1999	3.91%	3.13%
1998	4.14%	3.29%
1997	4.36%	3.48%
1996	4.56%	3.68%
1995	4.75%	3.9%
1994	4.93%	4.14%
1993	5.08%	4.39%
1992	5.22%	4.64%
1991	5.31%	4.9%
1990	5.37%	5.15%
1989	5.39%	5.4%
1988	5.4%	5.64%
1987	5.4%	5.85%
1986	5.4%	6.04%
1985	5.43%	6.21%
1984	5.5%	6.36%
1983	5.61%	6.5%
1982	5.78%	6.64%
1981	6%	6.79%
1980	6.28%	6.94%
1979	6.62%	7.1%
1978	7.01%	7.27%
1977	7.47%	7.44%
1976	7.97%	7.6%
1975	8.5%	7.75%
1974	9.05%	10.7%
1973	9.61%	10.4%
1972	10.2%	11.9%
1971	10.7%	10.5%
1970	11.3%	10.7%
1969	11.9%	10.8%
1968	-	11.6%
1967	-	10%
1966	-	9.97%
1965	-	9.93%
1964	-	8.73%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.62% in China and 2% in Vietnam. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.