Fertility & birth rates in China and Iceland

Fertility rate in China vs Iceland by year

Chart Table

China

Iceland

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	China	Iceland
2023	1	1.59
2022	1.03	1.59
2021	1.12	1.82
2020	1.24	1.72
2019	1.5	1.74
2018	1.54	1.71
2017	1.8	1.71
2016	1.77	1.74
2015	1.67	1.8
2014	1.77	1.93
2013	1.71	1.93
2012	1.8	2.04
2011	1.67	2.02
2010	1.69	2.2
2009	1.71	2.23
2008	1.7	2.15
2007	1.67	2.09
2006	1.64	2.08
2005	1.62	2.05
2004	1.61	2.04
2003	1.57	1.99
2002	1.57	1.93
2001	1.56	1.95
2000	1.63	2.08
1999	1.53	1.99
1998	1.52	2.05
1997	1.53	2.04
1996	1.55	2.12
1995	1.59	2.08
1994	1.63	2.14
1993	1.69	2.22
1992	1.78	2.21
1991	1.93	2.18
1990	2.51	2.3
1989	2.52	2.19
1988	2.54	2.26
1987	2.76	2.06
1986	2.72	1.92
1985	2.63	1.93
1984	2.61	2.08
1983	2.56	2.24
1982	2.97	2.27
1981	2.79	2.33
1980	2.74	2.48
1979	2.75	2.49
1978	2.72	2.35
1977	2.84	2.31
1976	3.24	2.52
1975	3.57	2.65
1974	4.17	2.66
1973	4.73	2.94
1972	5.11	3.09
1971	5.52	2.92
1970	6.09	2.81
1969	6.18	2.99
1968	6.51	3.06
1967	5.81	3.28
1966	6.31	3.59
1965	6.61	3.73
1964	6.67	3.88
1963	7.51	3.99
1962	6.09	3.98
1961	3.86	3.88
1960	4.45	4.29

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in China was 1 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.59 in Iceland in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check China vs Iceland population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

China

Iceland

1x

Year	Natural population change
	China	Iceland
2023	-2,087,851	1,697
2022	-847,305	1,719
2021	480,203	2,534
2020	2,046,095	2,199
2019	4,673,713	2,163
2018	5,302,433	1,975
2017	7,790,880	1,854
2016	9,062,269	1,711
2015	6,788,911	1,952
2014	9,205,180	2,324
2013	8,043,116	2,169
2012	10,075,174	2,566
2011	8,245,065	2,521
2010	6,407,607	2,862
2009	6,483,236	3,026
2008	6,729,247	2,825
2007	6,813,465	2,617
2006	6,922,185	2,491
2005	7,678,911	2,433
2004	7,607,960	2,425
2003	7,743,284	2,317
2002	8,258,580	2,243
2001	8,839,358	2,365
2000	9,570,849	2,475
1999	10,247,372	2,192
1998	11,351,286	2,357
1997	12,374,554	2,305
1996	12,686,872	2,447
1995	12,711,220	2,354
1994	13,360,470	2,713
1993	13,493,138	2,875
1992	13,548,601	2,898
1991	14,937,124	2,733
1990	16,335,313	3,058
1989	16,824,495	2,832
1988	17,328,640	2,847
1987	18,005,821	2,360
1986	16,609,920	2,384
1985	14,987,830	2,221
1984	13,561,671	2,539
1983	13,599,789	2,702
1982	15,815,318	2,736
1981	14,461,027	2,677
1980	11,647,260	2,966
1979	11,250,148	2,980
1978	11,473,980	2,727
1977	11,378,068	2,551
1976	11,782,472	2,951
1975	14,378,237	2,965
1974	15,738,118	2,776
1973	18,423,727	3,121
1972	19,102,585	3,241
1971	19,622,980	2,782
1970	21,137,076	2,576
1969	20,760,332	2,766
1968	21,206,083	2,841
1967	19,263,662	3,021
1966	19,282,187	3,305
1965	20,296,950	3,442
1964	19,302,532	3,459
1963	22,742,225	3,490
1962	17,969,132	3,465
1961	2,496,047	3,312
1960	-3,048,510	3,758

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.15% in China and +0.44% in Iceland.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +0.31% in China and +0.57% in Iceland.

Birth rate in China vs Iceland by year

Chart Table

China

Iceland

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	China	Iceland
2023	6.39	11
2022	6.77	11.5
2021	7.52	13.1
2020	8.52	12.3
2019	10.4	12.3
2018	10.9	12
2017	12.6	11.9
2016	13.6	12
2015	12	12.5
2014	13.8	13.4
2013	13	13.4
2012	14.6	14.1
2011	13.3	14.1
2010	11.9	15.4
2009	12	15.8
2008	12.1	15.2
2007	12.1	14.6
2006	12.1	14.5
2005	12.4	14.4
2004	12.3	14.5
2003	12.4	14.3
2002	12.9	14.1
2001	13.4	14.4
2000	14	15.3
1999	14.6	14.8
1998	15.6	15.2
1997	16.6	15.3
1996	17	16.1
1995	17.1	16
1994	17.7	16.7
1993	18.1	17.5
1992	18.3	17.7
1991	19.7	17.6
1990	21.1	18.7
1989	21.6	18
1988	22.4	18.7
1987	23.3	16.6
1986	22.4	16.4
1985	21	16
1984	19.9	17.2
1983	20.2	18.4
1982	22.3	18.5
1981	20.9	18.8
1980	18.2	19.8
1979	17.8	19.8
1978	18.3	18.6
1977	18.9	18
1976	19.9	19.5
1975	23	20.1
1974	24.8	19.9
1973	27.9	21.7
1972	29.8	22.4
1971	30.7	20.8
1970	33.4	19.7
1969	34.1	20.7
1968	35.6	21
1967	34	22.2
1966	35.1	24
1965	37.9	24.6
1964	39.1	25.3
1963	43.4	26
1962	37	25.8
1961	18	25.5
1960	20.9	28

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 6.39 in China and 11 in Iceland, compared with 20.9 and 28, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

China

Factual

UN forecast

Iceland

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	China	Iceland
2100	7.83%	11.8%
2099	7.84%	11.8%
2098	7.87%	11.8%
2097	7.91%	11.8%
2096	7.96%	11.9%
2095	8.03%	11.9%
2094	8.1%	11.9%
2093	8.18%	11.9%
2092	8.26%	11.9%
2091	8.34%	11.9%
2090	8.41%	11.9%
2089	8.47%	11.9%
2088	8.52%	11.9%
2087	8.55%	11.9%
2086	8.57%	11.9%
2085	8.57%	11.9%
2084	8.56%	11.9%
2083	8.53%	11.9%
2082	8.48%	11.9%
2081	8.41%	11.9%
2080	8.34%	11.9%
2079	8.25%	12%
2078	8.15%	12%
2077	8.06%	12%
2076	7.96%	12%
2075	7.86%	12.1%
2074	7.77%	12.1%
2073	7.7%	12.1%
2072	7.64%	12.2%
2071	7.6%	12.2%
2070	7.58%	12.3%
2069	7.59%	12.4%
2068	7.63%	12.4%
2067	7.7%	12.5%
2066	7.8%	12.6%
2065	7.93%	12.6%
2064	8.08%	12.7%
2063	8.25%	12.8%
2062	8.44%	12.8%
2061	8.64%	12.9%
2060	8.84%	13%
2059	9.03%	13%
2058	9.22%	13.1%
2057	9.39%	13.2%
2056	9.54%	13.2%
2055	9.67%	13.3%
2054	9.78%	13.4%
2053	9.86%	13.4%
2052	9.92%	13.5%
2051	9.94%	13.6%
2050	9.94%	13.7%
2049	9.92%	13.8%
2048	9.88%	13.8%
2047	9.82%	14%
2046	9.75%	14.1%
2045	9.67%	14.2%
2044	9.59%	14.3%
2043	9.52%	14.4%
2042	9.46%	14.6%
2041	9.4%	14.8%
2040	9.35%	14.9%
2039	9.32%	15.1%
2038	9.3%	15.3%
2037	9.32%	15.5%
2036	9.42%	15.8%
2035	9.63%	16%
2034	10%	16.2%
2033	10.5%	16.4%
2032	11.2%	16.5%
2031	11.8%	16.6%
2030	12.4%	16.7%
2029	13.1%	16.9%
2028	13.8%	17%
2027	14.5%	17.2%
2026	15.1%	17.4%
2025	15.7%	17.6%
2024	16%	17.8%
2023	16.6%	18.1%
2022	17.1%	18.4%
2021	17.6%	18.6%
2020	18%	18.7%
2019	18.2%	18.9%
2018	18.3%	19.2%
2017	18.4%	19.6%
2016	18.3%	19.9%
2015	18.3%	20.2%
2014	18.3%	20.4%
2013	18.3%	20.6%
2012	18.3%	20.7%
2011	18.3%	20.8%
2010	18.5%	20.9%
2009	18.6%	20.9%
2008	18.9%	20.9%
2007	19.2%	21.1%
2006	19.6%	21.5%
2005	20.3%	22.1%
2004	21.2%	22.5%
2003	22%	22.8%
2002	22.9%	23%
2001	23.8%	23.2%
2000	24.5%	23.3%
1999	25.2%	23.4%
1998	25.7%	23.6%
1997	26.3%	23.9%
1996	27%	24.1%
1995	27.4%	24.4%
1994	27.8%	24.7%
1993	28.2%	24.8%
1992	28.4%	24.8%
1991	28.6%	24.8%
1990	28.8%	25%
1989	28.9%	25%
1988	29.3%	25.2%
1987	29.8%	25.6%
1986	30.4%	25.9%
1985	31.2%	26.2%
1984	32.2%	26.5%
1983	33.3%	26.7%
1982	34.3%	26.9%
1981	35.1%	27.2%
1980	36.1%	27.5%
1979	37.2%	27.9%
1978	38.6%	28.4%
1977	39.8%	29%
1976	40.3%	29.5%
1975	40.2%	30.1%
1974	40.2%	30.7%
1973	40.1%	31.2%
1972	40.4%	31.6%
1971	40.7%	32.1%
1970	40.8%	32.6%
1969	41%	33.2%
1968	41%	33.6%
1967	41.3%	34%
1966	41.5%	34.3%
1965	41.5%	34.5%
1964	41.2%	34.7%
1963	40.6%	34.9%
1962	40%	34.9%
1961	40%	35%
1960	40.3%	34.9%

Children aged 0-14 make up 16% of the population in China and 17.8% in Iceland in 2024, compared to 28.8% and 25% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of China and Iceland compared.

Maternal mortality chart: China vs Iceland

Chart Table

China

Iceland

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	China	Iceland
2023	16	3
2022	18	5
2021	21	5
2020	20	12
2019	21	4
2018	22	4
2017	24	3
2016	25	3
2015	26	4
2014	28	4
2013	30	4
2012	32	4
2011	33	4
2010	34	5
2009	35	5
2008	38	4
2007	38	5
2006	40	5
2005	42	5
2004	45	6
2003	47	6
2002	50	7
2001	52	6
2000	56	7
1999	58	7
1998	60	8
1997	63	8
1996	67	7
1995	71	13
1994	76	9
1993	80	10
1992	86	12
1991	92	11
1990	102	13
1989	104	14
1988	108	11
1987	114	13
1986	120	15
1985	125	11

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 16 deaths per 100,000 live births in China, compared to 3 deaths in Iceland.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

China

Iceland

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	China	Iceland
2023	0.62%	0.26%
2022	0.66%	0.26%
2021	0.7%	0.27%
2020	0.75%	0.27%
2019	0.8%	0.27%
2018	0.86%	0.27%
2017	0.92%	0.26%
2016	0.99%	0.26%
2015	1.07%	0.26%
2014	1.15%	0.26%
2013	1.25%	0.26%
2012	1.35%	0.26%
2011	1.46%	0.27%
2010	1.58%	0.27%
2009	1.71%	0.27%
2008	1.85%	0.28%
2007	2.01%	0.29%
2006	2.19%	0.3%
2005	2.4%	0.31%
2004	2.64%	0.33%
2003	2.89%	0.34%
2002	3.15%	0.36%
2001	3.42%	0.38%
2000	3.67%	0.4%
1999	3.91%	0.42%
1998	4.14%	0.45%
1997	4.36%	0.47%
1996	4.56%	0.49%
1995	4.75%	0.52%
1994	4.93%	0.54%
1993	5.08%	0.56%
1992	5.22%	0.58%
1991	5.31%	0.61%
1990	5.37%	0.63%
1989	5.39%	0.65%
1988	5.4%	0.67%
1987	5.4%	0.7%
1986	5.4%	0.73%
1985	5.43%	0.75%
1984	5.5%	0.79%
1983	5.61%	0.83%
1982	5.78%	0.87%
1981	6%	0.92%
1980	6.28%	0.97%
1979	6.62%	1.03%
1978	7.01%	1.09%
1977	7.47%	1.15%
1976	7.97%	1.22%
1975	8.5%	1.29%
1974	9.05%	1.35%
1973	9.61%	1.41%
1972	10.2%	1.48%
1971	10.7%	1.54%
1970	11.3%	1.6%
1969	11.9%	1.66%
1968	-	1.72%
1967	-	1.79%
1966	-	1.85%
1965	-	1.92%
1964	-	1.97%
1963	-	2.02%
1962	-	2.07%
1961	-	2.11%
1960	-	2.14%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.62% in China and 0.26% in Iceland. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.