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Fertility & birth rates in Gambia and Romania

Updated on by Georank team

The Gambia has an annual birth rate of 30.4 births per 1,000 people, compared to 8 for Romania. The average number of children a woman is expected to have during her lifetime — the fertility rate, is 4.01 in the Gambia and 1.71 in Romania — 57.3% difference.

1960 vs 2023, the fertility rate has decreased by -35.9% in the Gambia and by -26.9% in Romania — in 1960, it was 6.25 and 2.34, respectively.

Birth rates facts compared:

  • The Gambia is ranked 30/196 by birth rate compared to 177/196 for Romania.
  • The mean age for first-time mothers is 20.7 years in the Gambia, compared to 27.1 years in Romania.
  • The mean age at childbearing (for all the births, not just the first) is 29.8 in the Gambia — it's 28.4 in Romania.
  • Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 (adolescent birth rate or teenage mother rate) is 58.1 in the Gambia vs 33.8 in Romania.
  • In the Gambia, 24.5% of the population is composed of women of reproductive age (15-49), compared to 21.4% in Romania.
  • Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +2.41% in the Gambia and -0.47% in Romania.

Birth rate data compared

Gambia Romania
Fertility rate 4.01 1.71
Birth rate 30.4 8
Birth rate rank 30/196 177/196
Age at first childbirth 20.7 years 27.1 years
Average age at childbearing 29.8 years 28.4 years
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 54.1 31.7
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 20-29 173 86.6
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 30+ 68.1 11.2
Female of reproductive age (15-49), share of population 24.5% 21.4%
Any modern method of contraceptive prevalence among married women ages 15-49 17.1% 50.5%
Share of births attended by skilled health staff 83.8% 93%
Maternal mortality per live birth 0.35% 0.01%
Neonatal mortality rate (before reaching 28 days of age) 2.37% 0.33%
Infant mortality rate (before reaching 1 year of age) 3.38% 0.54%
Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births 4.41% 0.66%
Population change due to births and deaths +65,118 -89,580
Natural population change rank 88/196 188/196
Natural population change rate +2.41% -0.47%
Population growth +2.3% +0.05%
Population growth rank 39/197 162/197
Life expectancy 66.3 years 76.2 years

Fertility rate in Gambia vs Romania chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in the Gambia was 4.01 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.71 in Romania in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check the Gambia vs Romania population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Gambia
Factual

UN forecast
Romania
Factual

UN forecast

Births per woman

Year Fertility rate
Gambia Romania
1960 6.25 2.34
1961 6.23 2.17
1962 6.21 2.04
1963 6.2 2.01
1964 6.2 1.96
1965 6.19 1.91
1966 6.18 1.9
1967 6.21 3.66
1968 6.22 3.63
1969 6.25 3.19
1970 6.26 2.89
1971 6.33 2.67
1972 6.37 2.55
1973 6.41 2.44
1974 6.42 2.71
1975 6.43 2.59
1976 6.43 2.54
1977 6.43 2.57
1978 6.42 2.52
1979 6.41 2.49
1980 6.41 2.43
1981 6.4 2.36
1982 6.4 2.17
1983 6.39 2.06
1984 6.39 2.26
1985 6.36 2.31
1986 6.34 2.39
1987 6.3 2.38
1988 6.26 2.3
1989 6.25 2.22
1990 6.25 1.83
1991 6.19 1.59
1992 6.11 1.51
1993 6.03 1.43
1994 6.04 1.4
1995 5.99 1.33
1996 5.93 1.3
1997 5.85 1.32
1998 5.82 1.32
1999 5.77 1.3
2000 5.72 1.31
2001 5.67 1.27
2002 5.66 1.27
2003 5.66 1.3
2004 5.68 1.33
2005 5.71 1.4
2006 5.74 1.42
2007 5.69 1.45
2008 5.63 1.6
2009 5.57 1.66
2010 5.56 1.59
2011 5.54 1.47
2012 5.52 1.52
2013 5.39 1.46
2014 5.2 1.56
2015 5 1.62
2016 4.81 1.69
2017 4.61 1.78
2018 4.42 1.76
2019 4.33 1.77
2020 4.25 1.8
2021 4.17 1.81
2022 4.08 1.71
2023 4.01 1.71
2024 3.91 1.71
2025 3.8 1.71
2026 3.7 1.7
2027 3.6 1.7
2028 3.51 1.7
2029 3.41 1.7
2030 3.33 1.7
2031 3.24 1.7
2032 3.17 1.7
2033 3.1 1.69
2034 3.03 1.69
2035 2.97 1.69
2036 2.91 1.69
2037 2.86 1.69
2038 2.81 1.69
2039 2.76 1.69
2040 2.71 1.69
2041 2.67 1.68
2042 2.63 1.68
2043 2.59 1.68
2044 2.56 1.68
2045 2.52 1.68
2046 2.49 1.68
2047 2.46 1.68
2048 2.43 1.68
2049 2.4 1.68
2050 2.38 1.68

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Gambia
Factual

UN forecast
Romania
Factual

UN forecast
Year Share of people 0-14 years old
Gambia Romania
1960 41% 28.1%
1961 40.8% 28%
1962 40.7% 27.7%
1963 40.8% 27.3%
1964 41% 26.7%
1965 41.3% 26%
1966 41.5% 25.2%
1967 41.6% 25%
1968 41.8% 25.1%
1969 41.9% 25.1%
1970 42% 25.1%
1971 42.1% 24.9%
1972 42.2% 24.9%
1973 42.3% 24.9%
1974 42.4% 25.1%
1975 42.6% 25.3%
1976 42.8% 25.7%
1977 43% 26%
1978 43.3% 26.3%
1979 43.5% 26.5%
1980 43.7% 26.8%
1981 44% 27.1%
1982 44.3% 26.8%
1983 44.6% 25.9%
1984 44.9% 25.1%
1985 45% 24.6%
1986 45.2% 24.3%
1987 45.4% 24%
1988 45.5% 23.9%
1989 45.6% 23.7%
1990 45.7% 23.3%
1991 45.8% 22.8%
1992 45.9% 22.2%
1993 46% 21.6%
1994 46.3% 21%
1995 46.5% 20.5%
1996 46.7% 20%
1997 46.9% 19.6%
1998 46.9% 19.3%
1999 46.9% 19.1%
2000 46.8% 18.6%
2001 46.7% 18.1%
2002 46.6% 17.5%
2003 46.4% 16.9%
2004 46.1% 16.4%
2005 45.9% 16%
2006 45.6% 15.8%
2007 45.3% 15.7%
2008 45.1% 15.7%
2009 44.8% 15.7%
2010 44.5% 15.7%
2011 44.3% 15.8%
2012 44.1% 15.7%
2013 43.9% 15.7%
2014 43.7% 15.7%
2015 43.6% 15.7%
2016 43.3% 15.7%
2017 43.1% 15.8%
2018 42.8% 15.9%
2019 42.4% 16%
2020 42% 16.1%
2021 41.6% 16.1%
2022 41.2% 16%
2023 40.7% 15.9%
2024 40.2% 15.7%
2025 39.7% 15.6%
2026 39.2% 15.4%
2027 38.5% 15.3%
2028 37.9% 15.2%
2029 37.3% 15.1%
2030 36.7% 15%
2031 36.2% 14.9%
2032 35.7% 14.7%
2033 35.2% 14.6%
2034 34.8% 14.4%
2035 34.3% 14.4%
2036 33.9% 14.3%
2037 33.4% 14.3%
2038 33% 14.3%
2039 32.5% 14.2%
2040 32.1% 14.2%
2041 31.7% 14.3%
2042 31.3% 14.3%
2043 30.9% 14.3%
2044 30.5% 14.3%
2045 30.2% 14.4%
2046 29.8% 14.4%
2047 29.5% 14.4%
2048 29.1% 14.4%
2049 28.8% 14.4%
2050 28.4% 14.4%

Children aged 0-14 make up 40.2% of the population in the Gambia and 15.7% in Romania in 2024, compared to 45.7% and 23.3% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of the Gambia and Romania compared.

Natural population change in Gambia vs Romania by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +2.59% in the Gambia and -0.4% in Romania. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Gambia
Romania

Natural population change

Year Population change due to births and deaths
Gambia Romania
1960 8,420 191,431
1961 8,778 163,286
1962 9,150 130,736
1963 9,493 139,104
1964 9,825 134,326
1965 10,162 114,190
1966 10,422 115,293
1967 10,823 347,709
1968 11,215 338,577
1969 11,670 264,120
1970 12,128 234,905
1971 12,842 206,662
1972 13,432 198,316
1973 14,046 175,020
1974 14,628 235,530
1975 15,256 219,324
1976 16,032 213,361
1977 16,773 215,385
1978 17,424 204,148
1979 18,543 194,397
1980 19,566 168,776
1981 20,156 156,472
1982 21,894 119,121
1983 23,175 87,986
1984 24,586 117,731
1985 25,795 111,392
1986 27,195 134,737
1987 28,452 128,517
1988 29,938 126,817
1989 31,504 122,756
1990 33,163 69,605
1991 34,584 25,301
1992 35,951 -4,559
1993 37,302 -13,658
1994 38,880 -18,184
1995 39,681 -36,295
1996 40,253 -56,548
1997 40,742 -42,853
1998 41,842 -33,761
1999 42,533 -31,461
2000 43,249 -22,443
2001 44,154 -37,625
2002 45,156 -58,673
2003 46,473 -56,093
2004 48,276 -42,904
2005 50,010 -40,508
2006 52,335 -38,148
2007 53,653 -37,590
2008 55,032 -30,806
2009 56,575 -34,625
2010 58,554 -46,567
2011 60,571 -56,413
2012 62,745 -54,157
2013 63,510 -59,951
2014 63,185 -55,745
2015 62,832 -59,447
2016 62,358 -53,196
2017 61,665 -50,930
2018 60,854 -62,316
2019 61,701 -60,053
2020 62,209 -100,179
2021 62,239 -141,504
2022 63,634 -93,338
2023 65,118 -89,580

Fertility rates around the globe

Fertility rate

Maternal mortality chart: Gambia vs Romania

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 354 deaths per 100,000 live births in the Gambia, compared to 12 deaths in Romania.

Gambia
Romania
Year Maternal mortality per 100K births
Gambia Romania
1985 1,454 184
1986 1,401 180
1987 1,360 173
1988 1,302 159
1989 1,258 143
1990 1,207 118
1991 1,167 104
1992 1,115 95
1993 1,072 87
1994 1,039 80
1995 999 75
1996 956 72
1997 928 66
1998 867 58
1999 830 51
2000 810 45
2001 794 41
2002 772 38
2003 749 35
2004 719 32
2005 707 30
2006 682 27
2007 675 25
2008 653 25
2009 634 25
2010 632 23
2011 634 20
2012 628 19
2013 606 18
2014 561 18
2015 527 18
2016 490 17
2017 469 17
2018 450 15
2019 422 14
2020 400 16
2021 420 20
2022 365 13
2023 354 12

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 4.41% in the Gambia and 0.66% in Romania. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Gambia
Romania

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

Year Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
Gambia Romania
1960 36.2% 8.82%
1961 35.5% 7.98%
1962 34.8% 6.98%
1963 34.1% 6.03%
1964 33.5% 5.45%
1965 32.8% 5.44%
1966 32.1% 5.83%
1967 31.5% 6.27%
1968 30.9% 6.44%
1969 30.2% 6.23%
1970 29.5% 5.69%
1971 28.9% 5.06%
1972 28.2% 4.64%
1973 27.5% 4.49%
1974 26.9% 4.43%
1975 26.2% 4.27%
1976 25.5% 4.05%
1977 24.9% 3.86%
1978 24.2% 3.76%
1979 23.6% 3.68%
1980 23% 3.57%
1981 22.3% 3.44%
1982 21.7% 3.28%
1983 21% 3.14%
1984 20.4% 3.08%
1985 19.7% 3.16%
1986 19.1% 3.33%
1987 18.4% 3.45%
1988 17.8% 3.43%
1989 17.2% 3.31%
1990 16.6% 3.14%
1991 16% 2.97%
1992 15.5% 2.84%
1993 14.9% 2.79%
1994 14.4% 2.76%
1995 13.9% 2.73%
1996 13.3% 2.68%
1997 12.8% 2.58%
1998 12.3% 2.44%
1999 11.8% 2.29%
2000 11.3% 2.16%
2001 10.9% 2.06%
2002 10.4% 2.01%
2003 9.95% 1.99%
2004 9.52% 1.94%
2005 9.11% 1.82%
2006 8.71% 1.66%
2007 8.33% 1.51%
2008 7.98% 1.4%
2009 7.64% 1.31%
2010 7.31% 1.24%
2011 7.01% 1.18%
2012 6.73% 1.12%
2013 6.45% 1.05%
2014 6.18% 0.99%
2015 5.93% 0.92%
2016 5.7% 0.85%
2017 5.47% 0.79%
2018 5.27% 0.73%
2019 5.07% 0.68%
2020 4.89% 0.66%
2021 4.72% 0.65%
2022 4.56% 0.66%
2023 4.41% 0.66%

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Birth rate comparisons

Birth rate vs Gambia vs Romania
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