Fertility & birth rates in Luxembourg and Romania

Fertility rate in Luxembourg vs Romania by year

Chart Table

Luxembourg

Romania

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Luxembourg	Romania
2023	1.25	1.71
2022	1.31	1.71
2021	1.38	1.81
2020	1.36	1.8
2019	1.34	1.77
2018	1.38	1.76
2017	1.39	1.78
2016	1.41	1.69
2015	1.47	1.62
2014	1.5	1.56
2013	1.55	1.46
2012	1.57	1.52
2011	1.52	1.47
2010	1.63	1.59
2009	1.59	1.66
2008	1.61	1.6
2007	1.61	1.45
2006	1.65	1.42
2005	1.63	1.4
2004	1.66	1.33
2003	1.62	1.3
2002	1.63	1.27
2001	1.66	1.27
2000	1.76	1.31
1999	1.74	1.3
1998	1.68	1.32
1997	1.71	1.32
1996	1.77	1.3
1995	1.7	1.33
1994	1.72	1.4
1993	1.7	1.43
1992	1.64	1.51
1991	1.6	1.59
1990	1.6	1.83
1989	1.52	2.22
1988	1.51	2.3
1987	1.4	2.38
1986	1.43	2.39
1985	1.38	2.31
1984	1.42	2.26
1983	1.43	2.06
1982	1.49	2.17
1981	1.55	2.36
1980	1.5	2.43
1979	1.48	2.49
1978	1.48	2.52
1977	1.5	2.57
1976	1.48	2.54
1975	1.55	2.59
1974	1.58	2.71
1973	1.58	2.44
1972	1.75	2.55
1971	1.95	2.67
1970	1.97	2.89
1969	2.02	3.19
1968	2.12	3.63
1967	2.24	3.66
1966	2.34	1.9
1965	2.42	1.91
1964	2.34	1.96
1963	-	2.01
1962	2.37	2.04
1961	-	2.17
1960	2.29	2.34

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Luxembourg was 1.25 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.71 in Romania in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Luxembourg vs Romania population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Luxembourg

Romania

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Luxembourg	Romania
2023	1,933	-89,587
2022	2,024	-93,338
2021	2,240	-141,504
2020	1,828	-100,179
2019	1,922	-60,053
2018	1,945	-62,316
2017	1,968	-50,930
2016	2,095	-53,196
2015	2,107	-59,447
2014	2,225	-55,745
2013	2,336	-59,951
2012	2,124	-54,157
2011	1,814	-56,413
2010	2,129	-46,567
2009	1,991	-34,625
2008	2,003	-30,806
2007	1,584	-37,590
2006	1,748	-38,148
2005	1,721	-40,508
2004	1,878	-42,904
2003	1,220	-56,093
2002	1,607	-58,673
2001	1,766	-37,625
2000	1,963	-22,443
1999	1,808	-31,461
1998	1,486	-33,761
1997	1,552	-42,853
1996	1,781	-56,548
1995	1,634	-36,295
1994	1,652	-18,184
1993	1,470	-13,658
1992	1,098	-4,559
1991	1,239	25,301
1990	1,145	69,605
1989	679	122,756
1988	747	126,817
1987	222	128,517
1986	331	134,737
1985	74	111,392
1984	146	117,731
1983	37	87,986
1982	183	119,121
1981	329	156,472
1980	37	168,776
1979	72	194,397
1978	-145	204,148
1977	-36	215,385
1976	-578	213,361
1975	-395	219,324
1974	-390	235,530
1973	-421	175,020
1972	-35	198,316
1971	69	206,662
1970	272	234,905
1969	303	264,120
1968	604	338,577
1967	837	347,709
1966	1,168	115,293
1965	1,260	114,190
1964	1,377	134,326
1963	1,199	139,104
1962	1,091	130,736
1961	1,489	163,286
1960	1,319	191,431

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +0.29% in Luxembourg and -0.47% in Romania.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +0.33% in Luxembourg and -0.4% in Romania.

Birth rate in Luxembourg vs Romania by year

Chart Table

Luxembourg

Romania

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Luxembourg	Romania
2023	9.5	8
2022	9.9	9.4
2021	10.5	10.1
2020	10.2	10.3
2019	10	10.3
2018	10.3	10.4
2017	10.4	10.8
2016	10.4	10.4
2015	10.7	10.2
2014	10.9	10
2013	11.3	9.4
2012	11.3	10
2011	10.9	9.7
2010	11.6	10.5
2009	11.3	10.9
2008	11.5	10.8
2007	11.4	10.3
2006	11.7	10.4
2005	11.5	10.4
2004	11.9	10.1
2003	11.7	9.8
2002	12	9.7
2001	12.4	10
2000	13.1	10.4
1999	13	10.4
1998	12.7	10.5
1997	13.1	10.5
1996	13.7	10.2
1995	13.3	10.4
1994	13.5	10.9
1993	13.5	11
1992	13.1	11.4
1991	12.9	12
1990	12.9	13.6
1989	12.4	16
1988	12.3	16.5
1987	11.4	16.7
1986	11.7	16.5
1985	11.2	15.8
1984	11.5	15.5
1983	11.4	14.3
1982	11.8	15.3
1981	12.1	17
1980	11.4	18
1979	11.2	18.6
1978	11.2	19
1977	11.2	19.5
1976	10.9	19.4
1975	11.1	19.6
1974	11.1	20.3
1973	10.8	18.2
1972	11.8	18.8
1971	13	19.6
1970	13	21.1
1969	13.3	23.3
1968	14	26.6
1967	14.8	27
1966	15.6	14.2
1965	16	14.6
1964	16	15.2
1963	15.8	15.7
1962	16	16.2
1961	16.1	17.5
1960	16	19.1

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 9.5 in Luxembourg and 8 in Romania, compared with 16 and 19.1, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Luxembourg

Factual

UN forecast

Romania

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Luxembourg	Romania
2100	12.9%	12.8%
2099	12.9%	12.8%
2098	12.9%	12.8%
2097	12.9%	12.9%
2096	13%	12.9%
2095	13%	13%
2094	13%	13.1%
2093	13%	13.1%
2092	13%	13.2%
2091	13%	13.2%
2090	13%	13.3%
2089	13%	13.4%
2088	13%	13.4%
2087	13%	13.5%
2086	13%	13.5%
2085	13%	13.5%
2084	12.9%	13.6%
2083	12.9%	13.6%
2082	12.9%	13.6%
2081	12.9%	13.6%
2080	12.9%	13.6%
2079	13%	13.6%
2078	13%	13.6%
2077	13%	13.6%
2076	13%	13.6%
2075	13.1%	13.6%
2074	13.1%	13.6%
2073	13.1%	13.6%
2072	13.2%	13.6%
2071	13.2%	13.6%
2070	13.3%	13.6%
2069	13.3%	13.6%
2068	13.3%	13.6%
2067	13.4%	13.6%
2066	13.4%	13.7%
2065	13.4%	13.7%
2064	13.5%	13.8%
2063	13.5%	13.8%
2062	13.5%	13.9%
2061	13.5%	13.9%
2060	13.5%	14%
2059	13.5%	14.1%
2058	13.5%	14.1%
2057	13.5%	14.2%
2056	13.5%	14.3%
2055	13.5%	14.3%
2054	13.5%	14.4%
2053	13.5%	14.4%
2052	13.5%	14.4%
2051	13.5%	14.4%
2050	13.5%	14.4%
2049	13.5%	14.4%
2048	13.5%	14.4%
2047	13.5%	14.4%
2046	13.6%	14.4%
2045	13.6%	14.3%
2044	13.7%	14.3%
2043	13.8%	14.3%
2042	14%	14.3%
2041	14.1%	14.2%
2040	14.3%	14.2%
2039	14.4%	14.2%
2038	14.6%	14.3%
2037	14.7%	14.3%
2036	14.8%	14.3%
2035	14.9%	14.4%
2034	15%	14.5%
2033	15.2%	14.6%
2032	15.3%	14.8%
2031	15.4%	15%
2030	15.4%	15.1%
2029	15.6%	15.2%
2028	15.6%	15.3%
2027	15.7%	15.4%
2026	15.7%	15.5%
2025	15.8%	15.6%
2024	15.8%	15.7%
2023	15.8%	15.9%
2022	15.9%	16%
2021	15.9%	16.1%
2020	16%	16.1%
2019	16%	16%
2018	16.1%	15.9%
2017	16.2%	15.8%
2016	16.4%	15.7%
2015	16.6%	15.7%
2014	16.7%	15.7%
2013	16.9%	15.7%
2012	17.1%	15.7%
2011	17.4%	15.8%
2010	17.7%	15.7%
2009	17.8%	15.7%
2008	18%	15.7%
2007	18.2%	15.7%
2006	18.4%	15.8%
2005	18.5%	16%
2004	18.7%	16.4%
2003	18.8%	16.9%
2002	18.9%	17.5%
2001	18.9%	18.1%
2000	18.9%	18.6%
1999	18.9%	19.1%
1998	18.8%	19.3%
1997	18.7%	19.6%
1996	18.6%	20%
1995	18.4%	20.5%
1994	18.3%	21%
1993	18%	21.6%
1992	17.8%	22.2%
1991	17.6%	22.8%
1990	17.4%	23.3%
1989	17.2%	23.7%
1988	17%	23.9%
1987	16.9%	24%
1986	17%	24.3%
1985	17.2%	24.6%
1984	17.5%	25.1%
1983	17.8%	25.9%
1982	18.1%	26.8%
1981	18.4%	27.1%
1980	18.8%	26.8%
1979	19.2%	26.5%
1978	19.5%	26.3%
1977	19.9%	26%
1976	20.2%	25.7%
1975	20.5%	25.3%
1974	20.9%	25.1%
1973	21.2%	24.9%
1972	21.6%	24.9%
1971	22%	24.9%
1970	22.2%	25.1%
1969	22.4%	25.1%
1968	22.5%	25.1%
1967	22.6%	25%
1966	22.5%	25.2%
1965	22.3%	26%
1964	22.1%	26.7%
1963	21.9%	27.3%
1962	21.7%	27.7%
1961	21.5%	28%
1960	21.2%	28.1%

Children aged 0-14 make up 15.8% of the population in Luxembourg and 15.7% in Romania in 2024, compared to 17.4% and 23.3% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Luxembourg and Romania compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Luxembourg vs Romania

Chart Table

Luxembourg

Romania

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Luxembourg	Romania
2023	11	12
2022	6	13
2021	6	20
2020	6	16
2019	12	14
2018	9	15
2017	15	17
2016	13	17
2015	13	18
2014	13	18
2013	15	18
2012	13	19
2011	13	20
2010	17	23
2009	15	25
2008	13	25
2007	14	25
2006	16	27
2005	17	30
2004	17	32
2003	15	35
2002	17	38
2001	19	41
2000	18	45
1999	21	51
1998	18	58
1997	22	66
1996	23	72
1995	22	75
1994	20	80
1993	20	87
1992	26	95
1991	25	104
1990	24	118
1989	21	143
1988	24	159
1987	23	173
1986	24	180
1985	24	184

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 11 deaths per 100,000 live births in Luxembourg, compared to 12 deaths in Romania.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Luxembourg

Romania

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Luxembourg	Romania
2023	0.23%	0.66%
2022	0.24%	0.66%
2021	0.24%	0.65%
2020	0.25%	0.66%
2019	0.25%	0.68%
2018	0.25%	0.73%
2017	0.25%	0.79%
2016	0.25%	0.85%
2015	0.26%	0.92%
2014	0.26%	0.99%
2013	0.26%	1.05%
2012	0.27%	1.12%
2011	0.27%	1.18%
2010	0.28%	1.24%
2009	0.29%	1.31%
2008	0.3%	1.4%
2007	0.31%	1.51%
2006	0.33%	1.66%
2005	0.35%	1.82%
2004	0.37%	1.94%
2003	0.39%	1.99%
2002	0.42%	2.01%
2001	0.44%	2.06%
2000	0.47%	2.16%
1999	0.5%	2.29%
1998	0.53%	2.44%
1997	0.56%	2.58%
1996	0.6%	2.68%
1995	0.64%	2.73%
1994	0.68%	2.76%
1993	0.73%	2.79%
1992	0.78%	2.84%
1991	0.83%	2.97%
1990	0.88%	3.14%
1989	0.93%	3.31%
1988	0.97%	3.43%
1987	1.02%	3.45%
1986	1.07%	3.33%
1985	1.12%	3.16%
1984	1.16%	3.08%
1983	1.21%	3.14%
1982	1.25%	3.28%
1981	1.29%	3.44%
1980	1.34%	3.57%
1979	1.39%	3.68%
1978	1.44%	3.76%
1977	1.51%	3.86%
1976	1.58%	4.05%
1975	1.67%	4.27%
1974	1.77%	4.43%
1973	1.88%	4.49%
1972	1.99%	4.64%
1971	2.11%	5.06%
1970	2.24%	5.69%
1969	2.36%	6.23%
1968	2.48%	6.44%
1967	2.61%	6.27%
1966	2.75%	5.83%
1965	2.89%	5.44%
1964	3.04%	5.45%
1963	3.2%	6.03%
1962	3.36%	6.98%
1961	3.54%	7.98%
1960	3.72%	8.82%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.23% in Luxembourg and 0.66% in Romania. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.