Fertility & birth rates in China and Peru

Fertility rate in China vs Peru by year

Chart Table

China

Peru

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	China	Peru
2023	1	1.98
2022	1.03	2
2021	1.12	2.03
2020	1.24	2.06
2019	1.5	2.09
2018	1.54	2.12
2017	1.8	2.15
2016	1.77	2.19
2015	1.67	2.23
2014	1.77	2.27
2013	1.71	2.32
2012	1.8	2.36
2011	1.67	2.41
2010	1.69	2.42
2009	1.71	2.48
2008	1.7	2.53
2007	1.67	2.58
2006	1.64	2.62
2005	1.62	2.64
2004	1.61	2.67
2003	1.57	2.66
2002	1.57	2.69
2001	1.56	2.74
2000	1.63	2.85
1999	1.53	2.92
1998	1.52	3
1997	1.53	3.1
1996	1.55	3.2
1995	1.59	3.32
1994	1.63	3.43
1993	1.69	3.55
1992	1.78	3.67
1991	1.93	3.79
1990	2.51	3.91
1989	2.52	4.03
1988	2.54	4.14
1987	2.76	4.25
1986	2.72	4.35
1985	2.63	4.46
1984	2.61	4.57
1983	2.56	4.68
1982	2.97	4.8
1981	2.79	4.92
1980	2.74	5.04
1979	2.75	5.17
1978	2.72	5.31
1977	2.84	5.44
1976	3.24	5.58
1975	3.57	5.71
1974	4.17	5.84
1973	4.73	5.97
1972	5.11	6.09
1971	5.52	6.21
1970	6.09	6.32
1969	6.18	6.42
1968	6.51	6.51
1967	5.81	6.6
1966	6.31	6.68
1965	6.61	6.75
1964	6.67	6.81
1963	7.51	6.86
1962	6.09	6.9
1961	3.86	6.92
1960	4.45	6.94

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in China was 1 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.98 in Peru in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check China vs Peru population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

China

Peru

1x

Year	Natural population change
	China	Peru
2023	-2,087,851	353,788
2022	-847,305	327,859
2021	480,203	235,440
2020	2,046,095	301,950
2019	4,673,713	346,981
2018	5,302,433	343,123
2017	7,790,880	349,333
2016	9,062,269	355,859
2015	6,788,911	362,781
2014	9,205,180	368,708
2013	8,043,116	372,694
2012	10,075,174	376,501
2011	8,245,065	383,268
2010	6,407,607	382,510
2009	6,483,236	396,522
2008	6,729,247	413,640
2007	6,813,465	435,122
2006	6,922,185	445,884
2005	7,678,911	454,199
2004	7,607,960	459,617
2003	7,743,284	459,243
2002	8,258,580	463,709
2001	8,839,358	470,154
2000	9,570,849	484,222
1999	10,247,372	487,095
1998	11,351,286	489,436
1997	12,374,554	495,348
1996	12,686,872	501,855
1995	12,711,220	507,894
1994	13,360,470	512,735
1993	13,493,138	513,769
1992	13,548,601	514,618
1991	14,937,124	513,867
1990	16,335,313	515,233
1989	16,824,495	512,152
1988	17,328,640	508,429
1987	18,005,821	502,229
1986	16,609,920	496,712
1985	14,987,830	488,887
1984	13,561,671	477,968
1983	13,599,789	469,781
1982	15,815,318	461,107
1981	14,461,027	453,158
1980	11,647,260	445,100
1979	11,250,148	439,110
1978	11,473,980	432,127
1977	11,378,068	425,428
1976	11,782,472	420,284
1975	14,378,237	414,400
1974	15,738,118	408,299
1973	18,423,727	400,752
1972	19,102,585	396,960
1971	19,622,980	391,506
1970	21,137,076	318,022
1969	20,760,332	379,347
1968	21,206,083	372,379
1967	19,263,662	365,224
1966	19,282,187	356,819
1965	20,296,950	349,245
1964	19,302,532	341,570
1963	22,742,225	332,352
1962	17,969,132	321,716
1961	2,496,047	313,385
1960	-3,048,510	302,924

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.15% in China and +1.05% in Peru.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +0.31% in China and +1.05% in Peru.

Birth rate in China vs Peru by year

Chart Table

China

Peru

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	China	Peru
2023	6.39	15.9
2022	6.77	16.2
2021	7.52	16.4
2020	8.52	16.6
2019	10.4	16.9
2018	10.9	16.9
2017	12.6	17.3
2016	13.6	17.6
2015	12	17.9
2014	13.8	18.4
2013	13	18.8
2012	14.6	19.2
2011	13.3	19.8
2010	11.9	19.9
2009	12	20.4
2008	12.1	20.9
2007	12.1	21.4
2006	12.1	21.8
2005	12.4	22.1
2004	12.3	22.4
2003	12.4	22.3
2002	12.9	22.6
2001	13.4	23
2000	14	23.8
1999	14.6	24.3
1998	15.6	24.9
1997	16.6	25.6
1996	17	26.4
1995	17.1	27.2
1994	17.7	28
1993	18.1	28.8
1992	18.3	29.6
1991	19.7	30.4
1990	21.1	31.1
1989	21.6	31.8
1988	22.4	32.4
1987	23.3	33
1986	22.4	33.5
1985	21	34
1984	19.9	34.5
1983	20.2	35
1982	22.3	35.4
1981	20.9	35.9
1980	18.2	36.5
1979	17.8	37.1
1978	18.3	37.7
1977	18.9	38.3
1976	19.9	38.9
1975	23	39.5
1974	24.8	40.1
1973	27.9	40.7
1972	29.8	41.2
1971	30.7	41.8
1970	33.4	42.4
1969	34.1	42.9
1968	35.6	43.4
1967	34	44
1966	35.1	44.4
1965	37.9	44.9
1964	39.1	45.4
1963	43.4	45.8
1962	37	46.2
1961	18	46.6
1960	20.9	46.9

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 6.39 in China and 15.9 in Peru, compared with 20.9 and 46.9, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

China

Factual

UN forecast

Peru

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	China	Peru
2100	7.83%	13.5%
2099	7.84%	13.5%
2098	7.87%	13.6%
2097	7.91%	13.6%
2096	7.96%	13.6%
2095	8.03%	13.7%
2094	8.1%	13.7%
2093	8.18%	13.7%
2092	8.26%	13.8%
2091	8.34%	13.8%
2090	8.41%	13.8%
2089	8.47%	13.9%
2088	8.52%	13.9%
2087	8.55%	14%
2086	8.57%	14%
2085	8.57%	14.1%
2084	8.56%	14.1%
2083	8.53%	14.2%
2082	8.48%	14.2%
2081	8.41%	14.3%
2080	8.34%	14.3%
2079	8.25%	14.4%
2078	8.15%	14.5%
2077	8.06%	14.5%
2076	7.96%	14.6%
2075	7.86%	14.7%
2074	7.77%	14.8%
2073	7.7%	14.8%
2072	7.64%	14.9%
2071	7.6%	15%
2070	7.58%	15.1%
2069	7.59%	15.2%
2068	7.63%	15.3%
2067	7.7%	15.4%
2066	7.8%	15.5%
2065	7.93%	15.6%
2064	8.08%	15.7%
2063	8.25%	15.8%
2062	8.44%	15.9%
2061	8.64%	16%
2060	8.84%	16.1%
2059	9.03%	16.3%
2058	9.22%	16.4%
2057	9.39%	16.5%
2056	9.54%	16.7%
2055	9.67%	16.8%
2054	9.78%	17%
2053	9.86%	17.2%
2052	9.92%	17.3%
2051	9.94%	17.5%
2050	9.94%	17.7%
2049	9.92%	17.8%
2048	9.88%	18%
2047	9.82%	18.2%
2046	9.75%	18.4%
2045	9.67%	18.6%
2044	9.59%	18.8%
2043	9.52%	19%
2042	9.46%	19.3%
2041	9.4%	19.5%
2040	9.35%	19.7%
2039	9.32%	19.9%
2038	9.3%	20.2%
2037	9.32%	20.4%
2036	9.42%	20.7%
2035	9.63%	20.9%
2034	10%	21.2%
2033	10.5%	21.4%
2032	11.2%	21.7%
2031	11.8%	21.9%
2030	12.4%	22.2%
2029	13.1%	22.5%
2028	13.8%	22.8%
2027	14.5%	23.1%
2026	15.1%	23.4%
2025	15.7%	23.8%
2024	16%	24%
2023	16.6%	24.4%
2022	17.1%	24.8%
2021	17.6%	25.1%
2020	18%	25.5%
2019	18.2%	25.9%
2018	18.3%	26.4%
2017	18.4%	26.8%
2016	18.3%	27.2%
2015	18.3%	27.5%
2014	18.3%	27.8%
2013	18.3%	28.2%
2012	18.3%	28.5%
2011	18.3%	28.9%
2010	18.5%	29.3%
2009	18.6%	29.7%
2008	18.9%	30.2%
2007	19.2%	30.7%
2006	19.6%	31.2%
2005	20.3%	31.7%
2004	21.2%	32.3%
2003	22%	32.9%
2002	22.9%	33.5%
2001	23.8%	34.1%
2000	24.5%	34.7%
1999	25.2%	35.3%
1998	25.7%	35.8%
1997	26.3%	36.4%
1996	27%	36.9%
1995	27.4%	37.4%
1994	27.8%	37.9%
1993	28.2%	38.3%
1992	28.4%	38.7%
1991	28.6%	39.1%
1990	28.8%	39.4%
1989	28.9%	39.8%
1988	29.3%	40.2%
1987	29.8%	40.5%
1986	30.4%	40.8%
1985	31.2%	41.2%
1984	32.2%	41.5%
1983	33.3%	41.8%
1982	34.3%	42.1%
1981	35.1%	42.4%
1980	36.1%	42.6%
1979	37.2%	42.8%
1978	38.6%	43%
1977	39.8%	43.2%
1976	40.3%	43.4%
1975	40.2%	43.5%
1974	40.2%	43.6%
1973	40.1%	43.7%
1972	40.4%	43.8%
1971	40.7%	43.9%
1970	40.8%	44%
1969	41%	44.1%
1968	41%	44.2%
1967	41.3%	44.2%
1966	41.5%	44.2%
1965	41.5%	44.3%
1964	41.2%	44.3%
1963	40.6%	44.3%
1962	40%	44.3%
1961	40%	44.2%
1960	40.3%	44%

Children aged 0-14 make up 16% of the population in China and 24% in Peru in 2024, compared to 28.8% and 39.4% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of China and Peru compared.

Maternal mortality chart: China vs Peru

Chart Table

China

Peru

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	China	Peru
2023	16	51
2022	18	81
2021	21	141
2020	20	75
2019	21	60
2018	22	66
2017	24	67
2016	25	69
2015	26	71
2014	28	73
2013	30	75
2012	32	79
2011	33	83
2010	34	86
2009	35	89
2008	38	91
2007	38	94
2006	40	99
2005	42	103
2004	45	107
2003	47	104
2002	50	106
2001	52	109
2000	56	115
1999	58	124
1998	60	139
1997	63	152
1996	67	166
1995	71	179
1994	76	188
1993	80	192
1992	86	195
1991	92	201
1990	102	191
1989	104	190
1988	108	190
1987	114	192
1986	120	193
1985	125	198

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 16 deaths per 100,000 live births in China, compared to 51 deaths in Peru.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

China

Peru

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	China	Peru
2023	0.62%	1.58%
2022	0.66%	1.61%
2021	0.7%	1.64%
2020	0.75%	1.66%
2019	0.8%	1.68%
2018	0.86%	1.69%
2017	0.92%	1.71%
2016	0.99%	1.73%
2015	1.07%	1.76%
2014	1.15%	1.79%
2013	1.25%	1.84%
2012	1.35%	1.89%
2011	1.46%	1.96%
2010	1.58%	2.04%
2009	1.71%	2.14%
2008	1.85%	2.25%
2007	2.01%	2.37%
2006	2.19%	2.5%
2005	2.4%	2.65%
2004	2.64%	2.82%
2003	2.89%	3.01%
2002	3.15%	3.24%
2001	3.42%	3.49%
2000	3.67%	3.79%
1999	3.91%	4.13%
1998	4.14%	4.51%
1997	4.36%	4.92%
1996	4.56%	5.36%
1995	4.75%	5.82%
1994	4.93%	6.29%
1993	5.08%	6.75%
1992	5.22%	7.2%
1991	5.31%	7.63%
1990	5.37%	8.04%
1989	5.39%	8.46%
1988	5.4%	8.92%
1987	5.4%	9.43%
1986	5.4%	9.97%
1985	5.43%	10.5%
1984	5.5%	11.1%
1983	5.61%	11.6%
1982	5.78%	12%
1981	6%	12.4%
1980	6.28%	12.7%
1979	6.62%	12.9%
1978	7.01%	13.2%
1977	7.47%	13.5%
1976	7.97%	13.8%
1975	8.5%	14.2%
1974	9.05%	14.7%
1973	9.61%	15.1%
1972	10.2%	15.6%
1971	10.7%	16.1%
1970	11.3%	19.7%
1969	11.9%	17%
1968	-	17.5%
1967	-	18.1%
1966	-	18.7%
1965	-	19.4%
1964	-	20.2%
1963	-	20.9%
1962	-	21.6%
1961	-	22.2%
1960	-	22.9%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.62% in China and 1.58% in Peru. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.