Fertility & birth rates in China and Sweden

Fertility rate in China vs Sweden by year

Chart Table

China

Sweden

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	China	Sweden
2023	1	1.45
2022	1.03	1.53
2021	1.12	1.67
2020	1.24	1.67
2019	1.5	1.71
2018	1.54	1.76
2017	1.8	1.78
2016	1.77	1.85
2015	1.67	1.85
2014	1.77	1.88
2013	1.71	1.89
2012	1.8	1.91
2011	1.67	1.9
2010	1.69	1.98
2009	1.71	1.94
2008	1.7	1.91
2007	1.67	1.88
2006	1.64	1.85
2005	1.62	1.77
2004	1.61	1.75
2003	1.57	1.71
2002	1.57	1.65
2001	1.56	1.57
2000	1.63	1.54
1999	1.53	1.5
1998	1.52	1.5
1997	1.53	1.52
1996	1.55	1.6
1995	1.59	1.73
1994	1.63	1.88
1993	1.69	1.99
1992	1.78	2.09
1991	1.93	2.11
1990	2.51	2.13
1989	2.52	2.01
1988	2.54	1.96
1987	2.76	1.84
1986	2.72	1.8
1985	2.63	1.74
1984	2.61	1.66
1983	2.56	1.61
1982	2.97	1.62
1981	2.79	1.63
1980	2.74	1.68
1979	2.75	1.66
1978	2.72	1.6
1977	2.84	1.64
1976	3.24	1.68
1975	3.57	1.77
1974	4.17	1.87
1973	4.73	1.87
1972	5.11	1.91
1971	5.52	1.96
1970	6.09	1.92
1969	6.18	1.93
1968	6.51	2.07
1967	5.81	2.28
1966	6.31	2.37
1965	6.61	2.39
1964	6.67	2.47
1963	7.51	2.33
1962	6.09	2.25
1961	3.86	2.21
1960	4.45	2.17

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in China was 1 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.45 in Sweden in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check China vs Sweden population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

China

Sweden

1x

Year	Natural population change
	China	Sweden
2023	-2,087,851	5,269
2022	-847,305	10,487
2021	480,203	22,914
2020	2,046,095	14,495
2019	4,673,713	25,697
2018	5,302,433	23,403
2017	7,790,880	24,138
2016	9,062,269	25,800
2015	6,788,911	23,518
2014	9,205,180	26,179
2013	8,043,116	23,041
2012	10,075,174	20,943
2011	8,245,065	21,733
2010	6,407,607	25,320
2009	6,483,236	21,387
2008	6,729,247	18,439
2007	6,813,465	15,552
2006	6,922,185	15,436
2005	7,678,911	9,030
2004	7,607,960	9,893
2003	7,743,284	6,271
2002	8,258,580	893
2001	8,839,358	-1,779
2000	9,570,849	-2,662
1999	10,247,372	-6,201
1998	11,351,286	-3,541
1997	12,374,554	-3,539
1996	12,686,872	1,768
1995	12,711,220	9,710
1994	13,360,470	20,196
1993	13,493,138	20,924
1992	13,548,601	28,605
1991	14,937,124	29,299
1990	16,335,313	29,100
1989	16,824,495	24,629
1988	17,328,640	15,186
1987	18,005,821	11,757
1986	16,609,920	9,206
1985	14,987,830	4,175
1984	13,561,671	3,335
1983	13,599,789	833
1982	15,815,318	1,665
1981	14,461,027	1,664
1980	11,647,260	5,818
1979	11,250,148	4,976
1978	11,473,980	4,138
1977	11,378,068	7,426
1976	11,782,472	8,222
1975	14,378,237	14,746
1974	15,738,118	23,664
1973	18,423,727	24,409
1972	19,102,585	28,428
1971	19,622,980	31,583
1970	21,137,076	30,563
1969	20,760,332	23,904
1968	21,206,083	30,858
1967	19,263,662	41,700
1966	19,282,187	45,286
1965	20,296,950	44,857
1964	19,302,532	45,968
1963	22,742,225	35,741
1962	17,969,132	30,246
1961	2,496,047	30,832
1960	-3,048,510	27,693

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.15% in China and +0.05% in Sweden.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +0.31% in China and +0.2% in Sweden.

Birth rate in China vs Sweden by year

Chart Table

China

Sweden

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	China	Sweden
2023	6.39	9.5
2022	6.77	10
2021	7.52	11
2020	8.52	10.9
2019	10.4	11.1
2018	10.9	11.4
2017	12.6	11.5
2016	13.6	11.8
2015	12	11.7
2014	13.8	11.9
2013	13	11.8
2012	14.6	11.9
2011	13.3	11.8
2010	11.9	12.3
2009	12	12
2008	12.1	11.9
2007	12.1	11.7
2006	12.1	11.7
2005	12.4	11.2
2004	12.3	11.2
2003	12.4	11.1
2002	12.9	10.7
2001	13.4	10.3
2000	14	10.2
1999	14.6	10
1998	15.6	10.1
1997	16.6	10.2
1996	17	10.8
1995	17.1	11.7
1994	17.7	12.8
1993	18.1	13.5
1992	18.3	14.2
1991	19.7	14.4
1990	21.1	14.5
1989	21.6	13.7
1988	22.4	13.3
1987	23.3	12.5
1986	22.4	12.2
1985	21	11.8
1984	19.9	11.3
1983	20.2	11
1982	22.3	11.1
1981	20.9	11.3
1980	18.2	11.7
1979	17.8	11.6
1978	18.3	11.3
1977	18.9	11.6
1976	19.9	12
1975	23	12.6
1974	24.8	13.5
1973	27.9	13.5
1972	29.8	13.8
1971	30.7	14.1
1970	33.4	13.7
1969	34.1	13.5
1968	35.6	14.3
1967	34	15.4
1966	35.1	15.8
1965	37.9	15.9
1964	39.1	16
1963	43.4	14.8
1962	37	14.2
1961	18	13.9
1960	20.9	13.7

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 6.39 in China and 9.5 in Sweden, compared with 20.9 and 13.7, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

China

Factual

UN forecast

Sweden

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	China	Sweden
2100	7.83%	13%
2099	7.84%	13%
2098	7.87%	13.1%
2097	7.91%	13.1%
2096	7.96%	13.2%
2095	8.03%	13.2%
2094	8.1%	13.3%
2093	8.18%	13.3%
2092	8.26%	13.4%
2091	8.34%	13.4%
2090	8.41%	13.5%
2089	8.47%	13.5%
2088	8.52%	13.5%
2087	8.55%	13.5%
2086	8.57%	13.6%
2085	8.57%	13.6%
2084	8.56%	13.5%
2083	8.53%	13.5%
2082	8.48%	13.5%
2081	8.41%	13.4%
2080	8.34%	13.4%
2079	8.25%	13.3%
2078	8.15%	13.3%
2077	8.06%	13.2%
2076	7.96%	13.2%
2075	7.86%	13.2%
2074	7.77%	13.1%
2073	7.7%	13.1%
2072	7.64%	13.1%
2071	7.6%	13.1%
2070	7.58%	13.1%
2069	7.59%	13.1%
2068	7.63%	13.2%
2067	7.7%	13.2%
2066	7.8%	13.3%
2065	7.93%	13.4%
2064	8.08%	13.5%
2063	8.25%	13.6%
2062	8.44%	13.7%
2061	8.64%	13.8%
2060	8.84%	13.9%
2059	9.03%	14.1%
2058	9.22%	14.2%
2057	9.39%	14.2%
2056	9.54%	14.3%
2055	9.67%	14.4%
2054	9.78%	14.4%
2053	9.86%	14.4%
2052	9.92%	14.4%
2051	9.94%	14.4%
2050	9.94%	14.4%
2049	9.92%	14.3%
2048	9.88%	14.3%
2047	9.82%	14.2%
2046	9.75%	14.1%
2045	9.67%	14%
2044	9.59%	14%
2043	9.52%	13.9%
2042	9.46%	13.8%
2041	9.4%	13.8%
2040	9.35%	13.8%
2039	9.32%	13.8%
2038	9.3%	13.8%
2037	9.32%	13.8%
2036	9.42%	14%
2035	9.63%	14.2%
2034	10%	14.4%
2033	10.5%	14.7%
2032	11.2%	14.9%
2031	11.8%	15.2%
2030	12.4%	15.5%
2029	13.1%	15.8%
2028	13.8%	16%
2027	14.5%	16.3%
2026	15.1%	16.6%
2025	15.7%	16.9%
2024	16%	17%
2023	16.6%	17.2%
2022	17.1%	17.5%
2021	17.6%	17.7%
2020	18%	17.7%
2019	18.2%	17.8%
2018	18.3%	17.8%
2017	18.4%	17.7%
2016	18.3%	17.5%
2015	18.3%	17.3%
2014	18.3%	17.2%
2013	18.3%	17%
2012	18.3%	16.8%
2011	18.3%	16.7%
2010	18.5%	16.6%
2009	18.6%	16.6%
2008	18.9%	16.7%
2007	19.2%	16.9%
2006	19.6%	17.1%
2005	20.3%	17.4%
2004	21.2%	17.7%
2003	22%	17.9%
2002	22.9%	18.1%
2001	23.8%	18.3%
2000	24.5%	18.4%
1999	25.2%	18.6%
1998	25.7%	18.7%
1997	26.3%	18.7%
1996	27%	18.8%
1995	27.4%	18.9%
1994	27.8%	18.8%
1993	28.2%	18.6%
1992	28.4%	18.4%
1991	28.6%	18.1%
1990	28.8%	17.9%
1989	28.9%	17.8%
1988	29.3%	17.8%
1987	29.8%	17.9%
1986	30.4%	18%
1985	31.2%	18.2%
1984	32.2%	18.3%
1983	33.3%	18.6%
1982	34.3%	18.9%
1981	35.1%	19.2%
1980	36.1%	19.6%
1979	37.2%	19.9%
1978	38.6%	20.3%
1977	39.8%	20.5%
1976	40.3%	20.6%
1975	40.2%	20.7%
1974	40.2%	20.7%
1973	40.1%	20.7%
1972	40.4%	20.8%
1971	40.7%	20.8%
1970	40.8%	20.8%
1969	41%	20.9%
1968	41%	20.9%
1967	41.3%	21%
1966	41.5%	20.9%
1965	41.5%	20.9%
1964	41.2%	21%
1963	40.6%	21.2%
1962	40%	21.5%
1961	40%	22%
1960	40.3%	22.4%

Children aged 0-14 make up 16% of the population in China and 17% in Sweden in 2024, compared to 28.8% and 17.9% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of China and Sweden compared.

Maternal mortality chart: China vs Sweden

Chart Table

China

Sweden

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	China	Sweden
2023	16	4
2022	18	5
2021	21	5
2020	20	5
2019	21	4
2018	22	5
2017	24	5
2016	25	5
2015	26	5
2014	28	5
2013	30	5
2012	32	5
2011	33	5
2010	34	5
2009	35	5
2008	38	5
2007	38	5
2006	40	5
2005	42	5
2004	45	5
2003	47	5
2002	50	5
2001	52	5
2000	56	5
1999	58	6
1998	60	6
1997	63	6
1996	67	6
1995	71	7
1994	76	7
1993	80	8
1992	86	8
1991	92	8
1990	102	8
1989	104	9
1988	108	9
1987	114	8
1986	120	8
1985	125	8

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 16 deaths per 100,000 live births in China, compared to 4 deaths in Sweden.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

China

Sweden

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	China	Sweden
2023	0.62%	0.25%
2022	0.66%	0.25%
2021	0.7%	0.25%
2020	0.75%	0.26%
2019	0.8%	0.26%
2018	0.86%	0.27%
2017	0.92%	0.28%
2016	0.99%	0.28%
2015	1.07%	0.29%
2014	1.15%	0.29%
2013	1.25%	0.29%
2012	1.35%	0.3%
2011	1.46%	0.3%
2010	1.58%	0.31%
2009	1.71%	0.31%
2008	1.85%	0.32%
2007	2.01%	0.33%
2006	2.19%	0.35%
2005	2.4%	0.36%
2004	2.64%	0.37%
2003	2.89%	0.39%
2002	3.15%	0.4%
2001	3.42%	0.4%
2000	3.67%	0.41%
1999	3.91%	0.41%
1998	4.14%	0.42%
1997	4.36%	0.44%
1996	4.56%	0.46%
1995	4.75%	0.48%
1994	4.93%	0.52%
1993	5.08%	0.57%
1992	5.22%	0.62%
1991	5.31%	0.66%
1990	5.37%	0.7%
1989	5.39%	0.72%
1988	5.4%	0.73%
1987	5.4%	0.74%
1986	5.4%	0.75%
1985	5.43%	0.76%
1984	5.5%	0.77%
1983	5.61%	0.78%
1982	5.78%	0.8%
1981	6%	0.82%
1980	6.28%	0.84%
1979	6.62%	0.87%
1978	7.01%	0.9%
1977	7.47%	0.94%
1976	7.97%	0.98%
1975	8.5%	1.03%
1974	9.05%	1.09%
1973	9.61%	1.16%
1972	10.2%	1.23%
1971	10.7%	1.29%
1970	11.3%	1.34%
1969	11.9%	1.39%
1968	-	1.44%
1967	-	1.49%
1966	-	1.56%
1965	-	1.63%
1964	-	1.71%
1963	-	1.79%
1962	-	1.86%
1961	-	1.92%
1960	-	1.96%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.62% in China and 0.25% in Sweden. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.