Fertility & birth rates in China and North Macedonia

Fertility rate in China vs North Macedonia chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in China was 1 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.5 in North Macedonia in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check China vs North Macedonia population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	China	North Macedonia
1960	4.45	3.83
1961	3.86	3.62
1962	6.09	3.5
1963	7.51	3.62
1964	6.67	3.56
1965	6.61	3.52
1966	6.31	3.43
1967	5.81	3.33
1968	6.51	3.22
1969	6.18	3.1
1970	6.09	3.01
1971	5.52	2.93
1972	5.11	2.87
1973	4.73	2.72
1974	4.17	2.7
1975	3.57	2.69
1976	3.24	2.62
1977	2.84	2.49
1978	2.72	2.42
1979	2.75	2.4
1980	2.74	2.36
1981	2.79	2.29
1982	2.97	2.29
1983	2.56	2.25
1984	2.61	2.24
1985	2.63	2.25
1986	2.72	2.25
1987	2.76	2.32
1988	2.54	2.32
1989	2.52	2.25
1990	2.51	2.27
1991	1.93	2.31
1992	1.78	2.28
1993	1.69	2.26
1994	1.63	2.23
1995	1.59	2.13
1996	1.55	2.06
1997	1.53	1.92
1998	1.52	1.89
1999	1.53	1.77
2000	1.63	1.86
2001	1.56	1.73
2002	1.57	1.79
2003	1.57	1.75
2004	1.61	1.52
2005	1.62	1.5
2006	1.64	1.46
2007	1.67	1.46
2008	1.7	1.47
2009	1.71	1.5
2010	1.69	1.6
2011	1.67	1.46
2012	1.8	1.5
2013	1.71	1.5
2014	1.77	1.5
2015	1.67	1.49
2016	1.77	1.5
2017	1.8	1.43
2018	1.54	1.42
2019	1.5	1.34
2020	1.24	1.31
2021	1.12	1.6
2022	1.03	1.6
2023	1	1.5
2024	1.01	1.5
2025	1.02	1.5
2026	1.03	1.51
2027	1.04	1.51
2028	1.05	1.51
2029	1.05	1.51
2030	1.06	1.52
2031	1.07	1.52
2032	1.08	1.52
2033	1.08	1.52
2034	1.09	1.52
2035	1.1	1.52
2036	1.1	1.53
2037	1.11	1.53
2038	1.12	1.53
2039	1.12	1.53
2040	1.13	1.53
2041	1.13	1.53
2042	1.14	1.53
2043	1.15	1.54
2044	1.15	1.54
2045	1.16	1.54
2046	1.16	1.54
2047	1.17	1.55
2048	1.17	1.55
2049	1.18	1.55
2050	1.18	1.55

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	China	North Macedonia
1960	40.3%	37.7%
1961	40%	37.8%
1962	40%	37.6%
1963	40.6%	37.2%
1964	41.2%	36.7%
1965	41.5%	36.3%
1966	41.5%	35.8%
1967	41.3%	35.2%
1968	41%	34.7%
1969	41%	34.1%
1970	40.8%	33.5%
1971	40.7%	33%
1972	40.4%	32.6%
1973	40.1%	32.2%
1974	40.2%	31.7%
1975	40.2%	31.3%
1976	40.3%	30.9%
1977	39.8%	30.6%
1978	38.6%	30.3%
1979	37.2%	29.9%
1980	36.1%	29.5%
1981	35.1%	29.1%
1982	34.3%	28.8%
1983	33.3%	28.5%
1984	32.2%	28.3%
1985	31.2%	28.1%
1986	30.4%	27.8%
1987	29.8%	27.6%
1988	29.3%	27.4%
1989	28.9%	27.1%
1990	28.8%	26.9%
1991	28.6%	26.5%
1992	28.4%	26.1%
1993	28.2%	25.7%
1994	27.8%	25.5%
1995	27.4%	25.4%
1996	27%	25.1%
1997	26.3%	24.8%
1998	25.7%	24.4%
1999	25.2%	23.9%
2000	24.5%	23.4%
2001	23.8%	22.9%
2002	22.9%	22.5%
2003	22%	22.1%
2004	21.2%	21.7%
2005	20.3%	21.2%
2006	19.6%	20.8%
2007	19.2%	20.4%
2008	18.9%	20%
2009	18.6%	19.7%
2010	18.5%	19.3%
2011	18.3%	19%
2012	18.3%	18.8%
2013	18.3%	18.6%
2014	18.3%	18.3%
2015	18.3%	18%
2016	18.3%	17.8%
2017	18.4%	17.5%
2018	18.3%	17.4%
2019	18.2%	17.2%
2020	18%	17.2%
2021	17.6%	17.2%
2022	17.1%	17.2%
2023	16.6%	17.1%
2024	16%	16.8%
2025	15.4%	16.5%
2026	14.8%	16.2%
2027	14.1%	15.9%
2028	13.5%	15.6%
2029	12.8%	15.3%
2030	12.1%	14.9%
2031	11.5%	14.6%
2032	10.8%	14.3%
2033	10.3%	14%
2034	9.83%	13.7%
2035	9.53%	13.5%
2036	9.37%	13.3%
2037	9.31%	13.1%
2038	9.31%	13%
2039	9.34%	13%
2040	9.38%	13%
2041	9.43%	12.9%
2042	9.49%	12.9%
2043	9.56%	13%
2044	9.63%	13%
2045	9.71%	13%
2046	9.78%	13%
2047	9.85%	13%
2048	9.9%	13.1%
2049	9.93%	13.1%
2050	9.94%	13.1%

Children aged 0-14 make up 16% of the population in China and 16.8% in North Macedonia in 2024, compared to 28.8% and 26.9% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of China and North Macedonia compared.

Natural population change in China vs North Macedonia by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +0.31% in China and -0.07% in North Macedonia. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	China	North Macedonia
1960	-3,048,510	28,816
1961	2,496,047	27,846
1962	17,969,132	25,317
1963	22,742,225	28,124
1964	19,302,532	27,889
1965	20,296,950	28,564
1966	19,282,187	28,766
1967	19,263,662	28,401
1968	21,206,083	28,378
1969	20,760,332	27,464
1970	21,137,076	28,022
1971	19,622,980	28,010
1972	19,102,585	28,236
1973	18,423,727	28,032
1974	15,738,118	28,400
1975	14,378,237	28,983
1976	11,782,472	28,799
1977	11,378,068	27,410
1978	11,473,980	27,150
1979	11,250,148	27,096
1980	11,647,260	26,547
1981	14,461,027	25,689
1982	15,815,318	25,810
1983	13,599,789	24,690
1984	13,561,671	24,436
1985	14,987,830	24,167
1986	16,609,920	23,720
1987	18,005,821	24,359
1988	17,328,640	24,064
1989	16,824,495	22,912
1990	16,335,313	22,868
1991	14,937,124	23,387
1992	13,548,601	21,659
1993	13,493,138	20,797
1994	13,360,470	19,103
1995	12,711,220	17,239
1996	12,686,872	14,806
1997	12,374,554	12,979
1998	11,351,286	12,446
1999	10,247,372	10,489
2000	9,570,849	12,159
2001	8,839,358	10,174
2002	8,258,580	9,697
2003	7,743,284	8,900
2004	7,607,960	5,444
2005	7,678,911	4,011
2006	6,922,185	3,988
2007	6,813,465	2,974
2008	6,729,247	3,746
2009	6,483,236	4,309
2010	6,407,607	4,866
2011	8,245,065	3,100
2012	10,075,174	3,087
2013	8,043,116	3,653
2014	9,205,180	3,644
2015	6,788,911	2,294
2016	9,062,269	2,374
2017	7,790,880	1,329
2018	5,302,433	1,512
2019	4,673,713	-375
2020	2,046,095	-5,939
2021	480,203	-9,737
2022	-847,305	-4,397
2023	-2,087,851	-3,290

Maternal mortality chart: China vs North Macedonia

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 16 deaths per 100,000 live births in China, compared to 3 deaths in North Macedonia.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	China	North Macedonia
1985	125	17
1986	120	16
1987	114	15
1988	108	16
1989	104	14
1990	102	16
1991	92	15
1992	86	14
1993	80	14
1994	76	13
1995	71	13
1996	67	14
1997	63	13
1998	60	13
1999	58	12
2000	56	11
2001	52	9
2002	50	10
2003	47	8
2004	45	8
2005	42	7
2006	40	7
2007	38	7
2008	38	6
2009	35	6
2010	34	5
2011	33	5
2012	32	5
2013	30	5
2014	28	4
2015	26	4
2016	25	4
2017	24	4
2018	22	3
2019	21	3
2020	20	7
2021	21	12
2022	18	3
2023	16	3

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.62% in China and 0.33% in North Macedonia. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	China	North Macedonia
1969	11.9%	-
1970	11.3%	-
1971	10.7%	-
1972	10.2%	-
1973	9.61%	-
1974	9.05%	-
1975	8.5%	-
1976	7.97%	-
1977	7.47%	-
1978	7.01%	-
1979	6.62%	-
1980	6.28%	-
1981	6%	5.79%
1982	5.78%	5.53%
1983	5.61%	5.25%
1984	5.5%	5.06%
1985	5.43%	5%
1986	5.4%	4.91%
1987	5.4%	4.69%
1988	5.4%	4.36%
1989	5.39%	4.01%
1990	5.37%	3.7%
1991	5.31%	3.46%
1992	5.22%	3.3%
1993	5.08%	3.13%
1994	4.93%	2.85%
1995	4.75%	2.45%
1996	4.56%	2.12%
1997	4.36%	1.93%
1998	4.14%	1.83%
1999	3.91%	1.73%
2000	3.67%	1.59%
2001	3.42%	1.48%
2002	3.15%	1.43%
2003	2.89%	1.43%
2004	2.64%	1.42%
2005	2.4%	1.37%
2006	2.19%	1.3%
2007	2.01%	1.23%
2008	1.85%	1.17%
2009	1.71%	1.1%
2010	1.58%	1.04%
2011	1.46%	1%
2012	1.35%	1.02%
2013	1.25%	1.07%
2014	1.15%	1.11%
2015	1.07%	1.13%
2016	0.99%	1.08%
2017	0.92%	0.97%
2018	0.86%	0.83%
2019	0.8%	0.7%
2020	0.75%	0.59%
2021	0.7%	0.5%
2022	0.66%	0.41%
2023	0.62%	0.33%