Fertility & birth rates in Kazakhstan and Romania

Fertility rate in Kazakhstan vs Romania chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Kazakhstan was 3.01 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.71 in Romania in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Kazakhstan vs Romania population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Kazakhstan	Romania
1960	4.5	2.34
1961	4.42	2.17
1962	4.36	2.04
1963	4.26	2.01
1964	4.07	1.96
1965	3.88	1.91
1966	3.82	1.9
1967	3.77	3.66
1968	3.63	3.63
1969	3.51	3.19
1970	3.51	2.89
1971	3.53	2.67
1972	3.55	2.55
1973	3.51	2.44
1974	3.45	2.71
1975	3.4	2.59
1976	3.33	2.54
1977	3.26	2.57
1978	3.16	2.52
1979	3.14	2.49
1980	3.09	2.43
1981	3.05	2.36
1982	3.02	2.17
1983	3.07	2.06
1984	3.15	2.26
1985	3.21	2.31
1986	3.19	2.39
1987	3.12	2.38
1988	3	2.3
1989	2.87	2.22
1990	2.75	1.83
1991	2.68	1.59
1992	2.58	1.51
1993	2.48	1.43
1994	2.38	1.4
1995	2.25	1.33
1996	2.08	1.3
1997	1.97	1.32
1998	1.94	1.32
1999	1.9	1.3
2000	1.9	1.31
2001	1.91	1.27
2002	1.96	1.27
2003	2.08	1.3
2004	2.2	1.33
2005	2.27	1.4
2006	2.38	1.42
2007	2.49	1.45
2008	2.62	1.6
2009	2.58	1.66
2010	2.61	1.59
2011	2.61	1.47
2012	2.64	1.52
2013	2.67	1.46
2014	2.76	1.56
2015	2.76	1.62
2016	2.8	1.69
2017	2.75	1.78
2018	2.85	1.76
2019	2.89	1.77
2020	3.13	1.8
2021	3.32	1.81
2022	3.05	1.71
2023	3.01	1.71
2024	2.98	1.71
2025	2.95	1.71
2026	2.92	1.7
2027	2.9	1.7
2028	2.87	1.7
2029	2.84	1.7
2030	2.81	1.7
2031	2.78	1.7
2032	2.76	1.7
2033	2.74	1.69
2034	2.71	1.69
2035	2.69	1.69
2036	2.66	1.69
2037	2.64	1.69
2038	2.62	1.69
2039	2.6	1.69
2040	2.58	1.69
2041	2.56	1.68
2042	2.54	1.68
2043	2.52	1.68
2044	2.5	1.68
2045	2.48	1.68
2046	2.47	1.68
2047	2.44	1.68
2048	2.43	1.68
2049	2.41	1.68
2050	2.39	1.68

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Kazakhstan	Romania
1960	37.2%	28.1%
1961	38%	28%
1962	38.4%	27.7%
1963	38.5%	27.3%
1964	38.4%	26.7%
1965	38.1%	26%
1966	37.8%	25.2%
1967	37.4%	25%
1968	37%	25.1%
1969	36.5%	25.1%
1970	36.1%	25.1%
1971	35.6%	24.9%
1972	35.2%	24.9%
1973	34.7%	24.9%
1974	34.1%	25.1%
1975	33.6%	25.3%
1976	33.3%	25.7%
1977	33.1%	26%
1978	32.8%	26.3%
1979	32.9%	26.5%
1980	33%	26.8%
1981	32.8%	27.1%
1982	32.7%	26.8%
1983	32.6%	25.9%
1984	32.6%	25.1%
1985	32.6%	24.6%
1986	32.6%	24.3%
1987	32.4%	24%
1988	32.1%	23.9%
1989	31.9%	23.7%
1990	31.7%	23.3%
1991	31.6%	22.8%
1992	31.4%	22.2%
1993	31.1%	21.6%
1994	30.8%	21%
1995	30.5%	20.5%
1996	30.1%	20%
1997	29.6%	19.6%
1998	29%	19.3%
1999	28.3%	19.1%
2000	27.6%	18.6%
2001	26.9%	18.1%
2002	26.2%	17.5%
2003	25.6%	16.9%
2004	25.1%	16.4%
2005	24.8%	16%
2006	24.7%	15.8%
2007	24.7%	15.7%
2008	24.9%	15.7%
2009	25.1%	15.7%
2010	25.4%	15.7%
2011	25.7%	15.8%
2012	26.2%	15.7%
2013	26.7%	15.7%
2014	27.2%	15.7%
2015	27.7%	15.7%
2016	28.1%	15.7%
2017	28.5%	15.8%
2018	28.8%	15.9%
2019	29%	16%
2020	29.2%	16.1%
2021	29.5%	16.1%
2022	29.6%	16%
2023	29.5%	15.9%
2024	29.4%	15.7%
2025	29.1%	15.6%
2026	28.9%	15.4%
2027	28.5%	15.3%
2028	28.2%	15.2%
2029	27.9%	15.1%
2030	27.5%	15%
2031	27.1%	14.9%
2032	26.8%	14.7%
2033	26.5%	14.6%
2034	26.1%	14.4%
2035	25.8%	14.4%
2036	25.4%	14.3%
2037	25%	14.3%
2038	24.8%	14.3%
2039	24.7%	14.2%
2040	24.6%	14.2%
2041	24.5%	14.3%
2042	24.5%	14.3%
2043	24.6%	14.3%
2044	24.6%	14.3%
2045	24.6%	14.4%
2046	24.7%	14.4%
2047	24.7%	14.4%
2048	24.7%	14.4%
2049	24.7%	14.4%
2050	24.7%	14.4%

Children aged 0-14 make up 29.4% of the population in Kazakhstan and 15.7% in Romania in 2024, compared to 31.7% and 23.3% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Kazakhstan and Romania compared.

Natural population change in Kazakhstan vs Romania by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +1.44% in Kazakhstan and -0.4% in Romania. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Kazakhstan	Romania
1960	226,027	191,431
1961	228,686	163,286
1962	228,177	130,736
1963	223,105	139,104
1964	208,899	134,326
1965	194,470	114,190
1966	191,506	115,293
1967	191,536	347,709
1968	186,254	338,577
1969	184,118	264,120
1970	191,775	234,905
1971	202,450	206,662
1972	212,319	198,316
1973	215,940	175,020
1974	217,668	235,530
1975	219,748	219,324
1976	221,992	213,361
1977	224,284	215,385
1978	225,895	204,148
1979	237,442	194,397
1980	238,977	168,776
1981	243,652	156,472
1982	246,983	119,121
1983	260,471	87,986
1984	278,485	117,731
1985	293,834	111,392
1986	295,818	134,737
1987	290,227	128,517
1988	275,278	126,817
1989	254,394	122,756
1990	235,113	69,605
1991	221,581	25,301
1992	204,785	-4,559
1993	185,649	-13,658
1994	165,631	-18,184
1995	140,721	-36,295
1996	112,384	-56,548
1997	92,778	-42,853
1998	85,735	-33,761
1999	79,536	-31,461
2000	80,699	-22,443
2001	84,279	-37,625
2002	93,564	-58,673
2003	112,137	-56,093
2004	132,286	-42,904
2005	146,619	-40,508
2006	166,480	-38,148
2007	188,486	-37,590
2008	214,169	-30,806
2009	218,036	-34,625
2010	230,479	-46,567
2011	237,883	-56,413
2012	249,987	-54,157
2013	259,239	-59,951
2014	274,406	-55,745
2015	273,523	-59,447
2016	277,878	-53,196
2017	268,066	-50,930
2018	278,917	-62,316
2019	278,788	-60,053
2020	272,458	-100,179
2021	269,026	-141,504
2022	277,019	-93,338
2023	273,013	-89,580

Maternal mortality chart: Kazakhstan vs Romania

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 10 deaths per 100,000 live births in Kazakhstan, compared to 12 deaths in Romania.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Kazakhstan	Romania
1985	68	184
1986	67	180
1987	66	173
1988	65	159
1989	64	143
1990	64	118
1991	64	104
1992	65	95
1993	67	87
1994	70	80
1995	72	75
1996	72	72
1997	71	66
1998	68	58
1999	63	51
2000	58	45
2001	53	41
2002	48	38
2003	45	35
2004	41	32
2005	38	30
2006	35	27
2007	32	25
2008	28	25
2009	25	25
2010	22	23
2011	19	20
2012	17	19
2013	15	18
2014	14	18
2015	13	18
2016	12	17
2017	12	17
2018	11	15
2019	11	14
2020	18	16
2021	23	20
2022	14	13
2023	10	12

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.96% in Kazakhstan and 0.66% in Romania. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Kazakhstan	Romania
1960	-	8.82%
1961	-	7.98%
1962	-	6.98%
1963	-	6.03%
1964	-	5.45%
1965	-	5.44%
1966	-	5.83%
1967	-	6.27%
1968	-	6.44%
1969	-	6.23%
1970	-	5.69%
1971	8.54%	5.06%
1972	8.33%	4.64%
1973	8.14%	4.49%
1974	7.96%	4.43%
1975	7.8%	4.27%
1976	7.66%	4.05%
1977	7.53%	3.86%
1978	7.39%	3.76%
1979	7.24%	3.68%
1980	7.05%	3.57%
1981	6.83%	3.44%
1982	6.6%	3.28%
1983	6.38%	3.14%
1984	6.16%	3.08%
1985	5.94%	3.16%
1986	5.73%	3.33%
1987	5.54%	3.45%
1988	5.37%	3.43%
1989	5.23%	3.31%
1990	5.16%	3.14%
1991	5.13%	2.97%
1992	5.16%	2.84%
1993	5.23%	2.79%
1994	5.28%	2.76%
1995	5.26%	2.73%
1996	5.16%	2.68%
1997	4.99%	2.58%
1998	4.76%	2.44%
1999	4.51%	2.29%
2000	4.25%	2.16%
2001	3.99%	2.06%
2002	3.76%	2.01%
2003	3.54%	1.99%
2004	3.33%	1.94%
2005	3.12%	1.82%
2006	2.9%	1.66%
2007	2.69%	1.51%
2008	2.47%	1.4%
2009	2.25%	1.31%
2010	2.04%	1.24%
2011	1.83%	1.18%
2012	1.63%	1.12%
2013	1.46%	1.05%
2014	1.3%	0.99%
2015	1.19%	0.92%
2016	1.1%	0.85%
2017	1.05%	0.79%
2018	1.03%	0.73%
2019	1.02%	0.68%
2020	1.01%	0.66%
2021	1%	0.65%
2022	0.98%	0.66%
2023	0.96%	0.66%