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Fertility & birth rates in Canada and Malawi

Updated on by Georank team

Canada has an annual birth rate of 8.8 births per 1,000 people, compared to 31.4 for Malawi. The average number of children a woman is expected to have during her lifetime — the fertility rate, is 1.26 in Canada and 3.65 in Malawi — 189.5% difference.

1960 vs 2023, the fertility rate has decreased by -66.9% in Canada and by -48.2% in Malawi — in 1960, it was 3.81 and 7.04, respectively.

Birth rates facts compared:

  • Canada is ranked 166/196 by birth rate compared to 25/196 for Malawi.
  • The mean age for first-time mothers is 30 years in Canada, compared to 19.1 years in Malawi.
  • The mean age at childbearing (for all the births, not just the first) is 31.6 in Canada — it's 27.6 in Malawi.
  • Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 (adolescent birth rate or teenage mother rate) is 4.81 in Canada vs 113.6 in Malawi.
  • In Canada, 22.6% of the population is composed of women of reproductive age (15-49), compared to 26.2% in Malawi.
  • Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +0.07% in Canada and +2.6% in Malawi.

Birth rate data compared

Canada Malawi
Fertility rate 1.26 3.65
Birth rate 8.8 31.4
Birth rate rank 166/196 25/196
Age at first childbirth 30 years 19.1 years
Average age at childbearing 31.6 years 27.6 years
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 4.23 112.9
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 20-29 48.2 171.4
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 30+ 17.2 51.6
Female of reproductive age (15-49), share of population 22.6% 26.2%
Any modern method of contraceptive prevalence among married women ages 15-49 73.3% 64.7%
Share of births attended by skilled health staff 98% 96.4%
Maternal mortality per live birth 0.01% 0.23%
Neonatal mortality rate (before reaching 28 days of age) 0.34% 1.88%
Infant mortality rate (before reaching 1 year of age) 0.44% 2.94%
Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births 0.51% 3.83%
Population change due to births and deaths +28,058 +549,096
Natural population change rank 104/196 35/196
Natural population change rate +0.07% +2.6%
Population growth +3.01% +2.61%
Population growth rank 15/197 27/197
Life expectancy 82.9 years 67.7 years

Fertility rate in Canada vs Malawi chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Canada was 1.26 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.65 in Malawi in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Canada vs Malawi population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Canada
Factual

UN forecast
Malawi
Factual

UN forecast

Births per woman

Year Fertility rate
Canada Malawi
1960 3.81 7.04
1961 3.75 7.07
1962 3.68 7.1
1963 3.61 7.13
1964 3.46 7.11
1965 3.12 7.13
1966 2.75 7.17
1967 2.53 7.21
1968 2.39 7.26
1969 2.33 7.27
1970 2.26 7.3
1971 2.14 7.31
1972 1.98 7.33
1973 1.89 7.34
1974 1.84 7.34
1975 1.82 7.36
1976 1.8 7.39
1977 1.78 7.41
1978 1.77 7.43
1979 1.75 7.47
1980 1.74 7.52
1981 1.7 7.49
1982 1.69 7.45
1983 1.68 7.36
1984 1.65 7.27
1985 1.67 7.17
1986 1.68 7.07
1987 1.68 6.97
1988 1.68 6.88
1989 1.77 6.8
1990 1.83 6.74
1991 1.72 6.68
1992 1.71 6.63
1993 1.69 6.57
1994 1.69 6.49
1995 1.67 6.39
1996 1.63 6.29
1997 1.57 6.23
1998 1.56 6.21
1999 1.55 6.12
2000 1.51 6
2001 1.54 5.94
2002 1.52 5.9
2003 1.55 5.88
2004 1.56 5.86
2005 1.58 5.85
2006 1.63 5.8
2007 1.67 5.72
2008 1.7 5.61
2009 1.69 5.45
2010 1.65 5.26
2011 1.63 5.08
2012 1.63 4.9
2013 1.61 4.76
2014 1.61 4.57
2015 1.6 4.38
2016 1.59 4.22
2017 1.55 4.11
2018 1.51 4.02
2019 1.47 3.95
2020 1.41 3.88
2021 1.44 3.79
2022 1.33 3.72
2023 1.26 3.65
2024 1.25 3.59
2025 1.24 3.53
2026 1.24 3.45
2027 1.23 3.39
2028 1.24 3.33
2029 1.23 3.29
2030 1.24 3.23
2031 1.24 3.18
2032 1.24 3.13
2033 1.25 3.09
2034 1.25 3.05
2035 1.25 3.01
2036 1.26 2.97
2037 1.26 2.93
2038 1.26 2.89
2039 1.27 2.86
2040 1.27 2.82
2041 1.27 2.79
2042 1.28 2.76
2043 1.28 2.73
2044 1.28 2.7
2045 1.28 2.67
2046 1.29 2.64
2047 1.29 2.61
2048 1.29 2.59
2049 1.3 2.57
2050 1.3 2.54

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Canada
Factual

UN forecast
Malawi
Factual

UN forecast
Year Share of people 0-14 years old
Canada Malawi
1960 33.8% 43.1%
1961 33.9% 42.9%
1962 33.9% 42.8%
1963 33.9% 42.9%
1964 33.7% 43%
1965 33.3% 43.2%
1966 32.9% 43.4%
1967 32.3% 43.7%
1968 31.6% 43.9%
1969 31% 44.2%
1970 30.2% 44.4%
1971 29.3% 44.6%
1972 28.6% 44.8%
1973 27.8% 44.9%
1974 27% 45.1%
1975 26.2% 45.2%
1976 25.5% 45.2%
1977 24.7% 45.3%
1978 24% 45.3%
1979 23.4% 45.3%
1980 22.8% 45.4%
1981 22.3% 45.4%
1982 22% 45.4%
1983 21.8% 45.5%
1984 21.6% 45.5%
1985 21.3% 45.4%
1986 21.1% 45.4%
1987 20.9% 45.1%
1988 20.8% 45%
1989 20.8% 45.2%
1990 20.7% 45.4%
1991 20.7% 45.6%
1992 20.7% 45.8%
1993 20.7% 46%
1994 20.6% 46.1%
1995 20.4% 46.1%
1996 20.2% 46.2%
1997 20% 46.2%
1998 19.8% 46.2%
1999 19.5% 46.2%
2000 19.2% 46.2%
2001 18.9% 46.1%
2002 18.6% 46.1%
2003 18.3% 46.1%
2004 18% 46%
2005 17.7% 46%
2006 17.4% 46.1%
2007 17.1% 46.1%
2008 16.9% 46.1%
2009 16.7% 46.2%
2010 16.6% 46.2%
2011 16.4% 46.2%
2012 16.3% 46.1%
2013 16.3% 46%
2014 16.2% 45.7%
2015 16.2% 45.4%
2016 16.2% 45.1%
2017 16.2% 44.6%
2018 16.1% 44.2%
2019 16% 43.7%
2020 15.9% 43.1%
2021 15.7% 42.5%
2022 15.5% 41.9%
2023 15.3% 41.3%
2024 15.1% 40.7%
2025 15% 40.1%
2026 14.9% 39.6%
2027 14.7% 39.1%
2028 14.6% 38.6%
2029 14.5% 38.1%
2030 14.4% 37.7%
2031 14.3% 37.4%
2032 14.2% 37%
2033 14.1% 36.7%
2034 14% 36.4%
2035 13.9% 36%
2036 13.9% 35.7%
2037 13.8% 35.3%
2038 13.8% 35%
2039 13.7% 34.6%
2040 13.7% 34.2%
2041 13.6% 33.9%
2042 13.6% 33.5%
2043 13.6% 33.1%
2044 13.5% 32.7%
2045 13.5% 32.3%
2046 13.5% 31.9%
2047 13.5% 31.5%
2048 13.5% 31.2%
2049 13.5% 30.8%
2050 13.5% 30.5%

Children aged 0-14 make up 15.1% of the population in Canada and 40.7% in Malawi in 2024, compared to 20.7% and 45.4% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Canada and Malawi compared.

Natural population change in Canada vs Malawi by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +0.22% in Canada and +2.67% in Malawi. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Canada
Malawi

Natural population change

Year Population change due to births and deaths
Canada Malawi
1960 338,487 85,718
1961 334,360 89,091
1962 325,745 92,463
1963 318,595 95,933
1964 307,268 97,658
1965 269,589 100,040
1966 236,566 103,512
1967 220,450 106,668
1968 211,589 110,329
1969 216,588 113,120
1970 215,372 116,822
1971 208,640 121,015
1972 188,857 125,728
1973 184,432 131,529
1974 182,464 137,819
1975 196,718 145,254
1976 196,979 153,422
1977 199,297 161,930
1978 194,102 172,503
1979 203,293 182,123
1980 203,480 192,746
1981 206,005 199,436
1982 200,935 205,386
1983 202,931 209,422
1984 204,856 212,146
1985 204,153 216,179
1986 190,532 218,519
1987 190,416 220,566
1988 192,901 226,911
1989 207,304 237,967
1990 213,222 250,159
1991 207,477 260,193
1992 204,273 269,066
1993 186,451 276,538
1994 179,804 275,439
1995 167,023 266,745
1996 153,973 270,048
1997 134,577 277,433
1998 126,651 285,407
1999 118,565 295,629
2000 110,469 300,439
2001 114,777 310,833
2002 106,621 322,863
2003 110,749 341,133
2004 111,786 361,133
2005 116,074 381,130
2006 130,285 397,123
2007 134,845 410,290
2008 142,963 421,781
2009 144,609 434,811
2010 139,425 444,468
2011 133,923 454,149
2012 135,382 460,684
2013 129,799 470,293
2014 127,563 472,418
2015 117,825 472,484
2016 115,555 474,779
2017 98,672 484,655
2018 88,974 494,348
2019 86,523 506,104
2020 53,241 514,659
2021 57,360 517,400
2022 15,574 533,450
2023 28,058 549,096

Fertility rates around the globe

Fertility rate

Maternal mortality chart: Canada vs Malawi

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 12 deaths per 100,000 live births in Canada, compared to 225 deaths in Malawi.

Canada
Malawi
Year Maternal mortality per 100K births
Canada Malawi
1985 7 1,115
1986 7 1,118
1987 7 1,123
1988 7 1,154
1989 8 1,136
1990 7 1,112
1991 8 1,080
1992 8 1,042
1993 8 1,000
1994 8 912
1995 8 782
1996 9 713
1997 8 672
1998 9 658
1999 9 576
2000 9 506
2001 10 447
2002 10 404
2003 10 346
2004 10 304
2005 11 283
2006 11 286
2007 11 333
2008 12 430
2009 12 512
2010 11 517
2011 11 486
2012 11 447
2013 11 410
2014 12 367
2015 11 354
2016 12 312
2017 12 284
2018 13 267
2019 12 260
2020 17 256
2021 14 286
2022 15 239
2023 12 225

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.51% in Canada and 3.83% in Malawi. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Canada
Malawi

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

Year Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
Canada Malawi
1960 3.26% -
1961 3.15% 35.9%
1962 3.05% 35.8%
1963 2.94% 35.7%
1964 2.82% 35.5%
1965 2.71% 35.4%
1966 2.6% 35.3%
1967 2.5% 35.1%
1968 2.4% 35%
1969 2.3% 34.7%
1970 2.19% 34.4%
1971 2.09% 33.9%
1972 1.99% 33.2%
1973 1.89% 32.4%
1974 1.79% 31.5%
1975 1.7% 30.6%
1976 1.6% 29.7%
1977 1.51% 28.7%
1978 1.42% 27.6%
1979 1.33% 26.5%
1980 1.25% 25.6%
1981 1.18% 24.9%
1982 1.12% 24.5%
1983 1.06% 24.5%
1984 1.01% 24.8%
1985 0.98% 25.1%
1986 0.94% 25.4%
1987 0.91% 25.5%
1988 0.88% 25.3%
1989 0.85% 24.9%
1990 0.82% 24.3%
1991 0.8% 23.6%
1992 0.77% 22.8%
1993 0.74% 22%
1994 0.72% 21.3%
1995 0.69% 20.7%
1996 0.67% 20.2%
1997 0.65% 19.7%
1998 0.64% 19.2%
1999 0.63% 18.4%
2000 0.62% 17.3%
2001 0.62% 16%
2002 0.62% 14.6%
2003 0.62% 13.2%
2004 0.61% 11.9%
2005 0.61% 11%
2006 0.6% 10.3%
2007 0.6% 9.83%
2008 0.59% 9.31%
2009 0.58% 8.81%
2010 0.57% 8.3%
2011 0.56% 7.67%
2012 0.56% 6.98%
2013 0.55% 6.4%
2014 0.54% 6.02%
2015 0.54% 5.67%
2016 0.53% 5.35%
2017 0.52% 5.06%
2018 0.52% 4.75%
2019 0.51% 4.55%
2020 0.51% 4.31%
2021 0.51% 4.15%
2022 0.51% 3.99%
2023 0.51% 3.83%

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Birth rate comparisons

Birth rate vs Canada vs Malawi
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