Fertility & birth rates in Canada and Costa Rica

Fertility rate in Canada vs Costa Rica chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Canada was 1.26 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.33 in Costa Rica in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Canada vs Costa Rica population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Canada	Costa Rica
1960	3.81	6.71
1961	3.75	6.65
1962	3.68	6.54
1963	3.61	6.39
1964	3.46	6.19
1965	3.12	5.96
1966	2.75	5.7
1967	2.53	5.42
1968	2.39	5.03
1969	2.33	4.84
1970	2.26	4.59
1971	2.14	4.36
1972	1.98	4.16
1973	1.89	3.99
1974	1.84	3.89
1975	1.82	3.8
1976	1.8	3.75
1977	1.78	3.7
1978	1.77	3.66
1979	1.75	3.65
1980	1.74	3.58
1981	1.7	3.56
1982	1.69	3.54
1983	1.68	3.53
1984	1.65	3.52
1985	1.67	3.51
1986	1.68	3.45
1987	1.68	3.38
1988	1.68	3.31
1989	1.77	3.24
1990	1.83	3.17
1991	1.72	3.08
1992	1.71	3
1993	1.69	2.93
1994	1.69	2.86
1995	1.67	2.78
1996	1.63	2.68
1997	1.57	2.59
1998	1.56	2.53
1999	1.55	2.48
2000	1.51	2.41
2001	1.54	2.31
2002	1.52	2.16
2003	1.55	2.08
2004	1.56	2.03
2005	1.58	2.04
2006	1.63	1.94
2007	1.67	1.95
2008	1.7	1.98
2009	1.69	1.95
2010	1.65	1.83
2011	1.63	1.88
2012	1.63	1.85
2013	1.61	1.78
2014	1.61	1.8
2015	1.6	1.8
2016	1.59	1.75
2017	1.55	1.71
2018	1.51	1.71
2019	1.47	1.6
2020	1.41	1.45
2021	1.44	1.35
2022	1.33	1.34
2023	1.26	1.33
2024	1.25	1.32
2025	1.24	1.31
2026	1.24	1.31
2027	1.23	1.31
2028	1.24	1.3
2029	1.23	1.31
2030	1.24	1.31
2031	1.24	1.31
2032	1.24	1.32
2033	1.25	1.32
2034	1.25	1.32
2035	1.25	1.33
2036	1.26	1.33
2037	1.26	1.34
2038	1.26	1.34
2039	1.27	1.35
2040	1.27	1.35
2041	1.27	1.35
2042	1.28	1.36
2043	1.28	1.36
2044	1.28	1.37
2045	1.28	1.37
2046	1.29	1.37
2047	1.29	1.38
2048	1.29	1.38
2049	1.3	1.38
2050	1.3	1.38

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Canada	Costa Rica
1960	33.8%	46.4%
1961	33.9%	46.6%
1962	33.9%	46.7%
1963	33.9%	46.7%
1964	33.7%	46.6%
1965	33.3%	46.5%
1966	32.9%	46.3%
1967	32.3%	45.9%
1968	31.6%	45.5%
1969	31%	45%
1970	30.2%	44.4%
1971	29.3%	43.8%
1972	28.6%	43.1%
1973	27.8%	42.3%
1974	27%	41.5%
1975	26.2%	40.8%
1976	25.5%	40%
1977	24.7%	39.2%
1978	24%	38.6%
1979	23.4%	38%
1980	22.8%	37.5%
1981	22.3%	37.1%
1982	22%	36.7%
1983	21.8%	36.5%
1984	21.6%	36.4%
1985	21.3%	36.3%
1986	21.1%	36.3%
1987	20.9%	36.2%
1988	20.8%	36.2%
1989	20.8%	36.1%
1990	20.7%	36%
1991	20.7%	35.7%
1992	20.7%	35.4%
1993	20.7%	35%
1994	20.6%	34.6%
1995	20.4%	34.1%
1996	20.2%	33.6%
1997	20%	33%
1998	19.8%	32.4%
1999	19.5%	31.8%
2000	19.2%	31.1%
2001	18.9%	30.5%
2002	18.6%	29.8%
2003	18.3%	29.1%
2004	18%	28.4%
2005	17.7%	27.7%
2006	17.4%	27.1%
2007	17.1%	26.5%
2008	16.9%	25.9%
2009	16.7%	25.4%
2010	16.6%	24.9%
2011	16.4%	24.3%
2012	16.3%	23.9%
2013	16.3%	23.4%
2014	16.2%	23%
2015	16.2%	22.5%
2016	16.2%	22.1%
2017	16.2%	21.8%
2018	16.1%	21.4%
2019	16%	21.1%
2020	15.9%	20.7%
2021	15.7%	20.3%
2022	15.5%	19.8%
2023	15.3%	19.3%
2024	15.1%	18.8%
2025	15%	18.3%
2026	14.9%	17.8%
2027	14.7%	17.3%
2028	14.6%	16.9%
2029	14.5%	16.4%
2030	14.4%	16%
2031	14.3%	15.5%
2032	14.2%	15.1%
2033	14.1%	14.7%
2034	14%	14.4%
2035	13.9%	14.1%
2036	13.9%	13.9%
2037	13.8%	13.8%
2038	13.8%	13.7%
2039	13.7%	13.6%
2040	13.7%	13.5%
2041	13.6%	13.4%
2042	13.6%	13.3%
2043	13.6%	13.2%
2044	13.5%	13.2%
2045	13.5%	13.1%
2046	13.5%	13%
2047	13.5%	12.9%
2048	13.5%	12.8%
2049	13.5%	12.7%
2050	13.5%	12.6%

Children aged 0-14 make up 15.1% of the population in Canada and 18.8% in Costa Rica in 2024, compared to 20.7% and 36% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Canada and Costa Rica compared.

Natural population change in Canada vs Costa Rica by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +0.22% in Canada and +0.74% in Costa Rica. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Canada	Costa Rica
1960	338,487	48,857
1961	334,360	50,149
1962	325,745	51,046
1963	318,595	51,403
1964	307,268	51,435
1965	269,589	51,196
1966	236,566	50,755
1967	220,450	50,193
1968	211,589	48,361
1969	216,588	48,790
1970	215,372	48,398
1971	208,640	48,341
1972	188,857	48,417
1973	184,432	48,943
1974	182,464	50,349
1975	196,718	51,979
1976	196,979	54,019
1977	199,297	56,122
1978	194,102	58,327
1979	203,293	60,984
1980	203,480	62,561
1981	206,005	64,632
1982	200,935	66,826
1983	202,931	68,972
1984	204,856	71,062
1985	204,153	72,776
1986	190,532	73,211
1987	190,416	73,188
1988	192,901	72,944
1989	207,304	72,327
1990	213,222	71,727
1991	207,477	70,506
1992	204,273	69,830
1993	186,451	69,016
1994	179,804	68,336
1995	167,023	67,585
1996	153,973	66,094
1997	134,577	64,954
1998	126,651	64,788
1999	118,565	64,922
2000	110,469	64,268
2001	114,777	62,199
2002	106,621	58,388
2003	110,749	56,743
2004	111,786	55,769
2005	116,074	57,139
2006	130,285	54,177
2007	134,845	55,244
2008	142,963	56,491
2009	144,609	55,757
2010	139,425	50,803
2011	133,923	52,884
2012	135,382	52,036
2013	129,799	49,227
2014	127,563	49,559
2015	117,825	49,077
2016	115,555	45,565
2017	98,672	43,471
2018	88,974	42,469
2019	86,523	37,682
2020	53,241	29,164
2021	57,360	20,119
2022	15,574	21,409
2023	28,058	24,109

Maternal mortality chart: Canada vs Costa Rica

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 12 deaths per 100,000 live births in Canada, compared to 24 deaths in Costa Rica.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Canada	Costa Rica
1985	7	43
1986	7	42
1987	7	41
1988	7	40
1989	8	40
1990	7	40
1991	8	39
1992	8	39
1993	8	39
1994	8	39
1995	8	39
1996	9	39
1997	8	38
1998	9	37
1999	9	36
2000	9	36
2001	10	35
2002	10	34
2003	10	33
2004	10	33
2005	11	31
2006	11	30
2007	11	30
2008	12	30
2009	12	29
2010	11	29
2011	11	28
2012	11	27
2013	11	27
2014	12	27
2015	11	26
2016	12	27
2017	12	27
2018	13	28
2019	12	26
2020	17	34
2021	14	44
2022	15	27
2023	12	24

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.51% in Canada and 1.05% in Costa Rica. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Canada	Costa Rica
1960	3.26%	9.62%
1961	3.15%	9.36%
1962	3.05%	9.27%
1963	2.94%	9.25%
1964	2.82%	9.18%
1965	2.71%	9.02%
1966	2.6%	8.78%
1967	2.5%	8.49%
1968	2.4%	8.17%
1969	2.3%	7.85%
1970	2.19%	7.48%
1971	2.09%	7.02%
1972	1.99%	6.45%
1973	1.89%	5.82%
1974	1.79%	5.17%
1975	1.7%	4.54%
1976	1.6%	3.93%
1977	1.51%	3.39%
1978	1.42%	2.96%
1979	1.33%	2.65%
1980	1.25%	2.45%
1981	1.18%	2.33%
1982	1.12%	2.29%
1983	1.06%	2.27%
1984	1.01%	2.25%
1985	0.98%	2.2%
1986	0.94%	2.12%
1987	0.91%	2.01%
1988	0.88%	1.89%
1989	0.85%	1.78%
1990	0.82%	1.69%
1991	0.8%	1.62%
1992	0.77%	1.57%
1993	0.74%	1.53%
1994	0.72%	1.51%
1995	0.69%	1.49%
1996	0.67%	1.47%
1997	0.65%	1.45%
1998	0.64%	1.41%
1999	0.63%	1.36%
2000	0.62%	1.31%
2001	0.62%	1.26%
2002	0.62%	1.22%
2003	0.62%	1.18%
2004	0.61%	1.15%
2005	0.61%	1.13%
2006	0.6%	1.12%
2007	0.6%	1.11%
2008	0.59%	1.09%
2009	0.58%	1.07%
2010	0.57%	1.05%
2011	0.56%	1.02%
2012	0.56%	0.98%
2013	0.55%	0.95%
2014	0.54%	0.92%
2015	0.54%	0.9%
2016	0.53%	0.89%
2017	0.52%	0.89%
2018	0.52%	0.89%
2019	0.51%	0.91%
2020	0.51%	0.94%
2021	0.51%	0.97%
2022	0.51%	1.01%
2023	0.51%	1.05%