Turkey has a GDP of $1.36T compared to $120B for Venezuela, ranking 17/197 and 65/197 by economy size, respectively.
Turkey has $353B in government debt (27.1% of GDP), compared to $197B (216.7% of GDP) in Venezuela.
The chart below compares the two countries' GDP growth in both current (nominal) and constant dollars, accounting for inflation over time.
| Year | GDP | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Turkey
|
Venezuela
|
|||
| Current $ | Constant $ | Current $ | Constant $ | |
| 1960 | $7,566,666,667 | $69,393,850,612 | $7,663,938,303 | $33,195,620,728 |
| 1961 | $7,988,888,889 | $70,196,091,674 | $8,067,267,031 | $34,255,397,373 |
| 1962 | $8,922,222,222 | $74,107,016,789 | $8,814,309,884 | $37,178,387,741 |
| 1963 | $10,355,555,556 | $80,825,785,367 | $9,608,717,288 | $38,628,698,490 |
| 1964 | $11,177,777,778 | $85,238,110,897 | $8,192,413,793 | $42,927,819,727 |
| 1965 | $11,966,666,667 | $87,644,834,141 | $8,427,777,778 | $44,714,847,624 |
| 1966 | $14,100,000,000 | $97,472,287,281 | $8,781,333,333 | $45,390,153,660 |
| 1967 | $15,644,444,444 | $102,085,173,262 | $9,250,000,000 | $46,676,451,168 |
| 1968 | $17,500,000,000 | $109,004,502,233 | $10,034,444,444 | $50,101,210,987 |
| 1969 | $19,466,666,667 | $113,453,134,702 | $10,285,111,111 | $50,454,943,972 |
| 1970 | $17,863,636,364 | $117,121,651,993 | $11,561,111,111 | $54,345,986,052 |
| 1971 | $16,166,666,667 | $123,641,456,553 | $12,986,590,909 | $55,149,921,447 |
| 1972 | $20,650,000,000 | $132,822,809,400 | $13,977,727,273 | $55,857,387,416 |
| 1973 | $26,000,000,000 | $137,155,933,759 | $17,035,581,395 | $59,828,824,143 |
| 1974 | $35,414,285,714 | $144,829,087,365 | $26,100,930,233 | $61,066,881,865 |
| 1975 | $46,042,857,143 | $155,219,289,300 | $27,464,651,163 | $62,835,536,182 |
| 1976 | $51,450,000,000 | $171,457,057,860 | $31,419,534,884 | $67,691,302,950 |
| 1977 | $58,683,333,333 | $177,298,033,677 | $36,210,697,674 | $71,936,078,015 |
| 1978 | $65,912,500,000 | $179,962,704,354 | $39,316,279,070 | $73,624,343,220 |
| 1979 | $89,616,129,032 | $178,839,532,695 | $48,310,930,233 | $74,187,094,675 |
| 1980 | $68,823,684,211 | $174,462,702,630 | $59,116,511,628 | $70,907,044,067 |
| 1981 | $71,180,180,180 | $182,935,743,325 | $66,327,441,860 | $69,993,533,420 |
| 1982 | $64,369,325,153 | $189,454,160,610 | $67,736,744,186 | $71,844,719,792 |
| 1983 | $61,803,555,556 | $198,872,079,969 | $67,556,279,070 | $64,764,041,716 |
| 1984 | $59,937,602,180 | $212,220,405,224 | $59,867,743,468 | $68,146,604,686 |
| 1985 | $67,232,758,621 | $221,221,385,068 | $61,965,466,667 | $68,737,739,371 |
| 1986 | $75,673,037,037 | $236,733,497,412 | $60,516,123,711 | $72,916,862,078 |
| 1987 | $87,190,081,680 | $259,188,945,262 | $48,029,034,483 | $76,417,654,524 |
| 1988 | $90,875,175,809 | $265,204,038,481 | $60,226,413,793 | $81,392,715,710 |
| 1989 | $107,127,191,329 | $265,973,777,473 | $43,536,709,104 | $70,063,088,335 |
| 1990 | $150,655,500,192 | $290,619,297,801 | $48,606,952,195 | $74,594,665,387 |
| 1991 | $151,034,731,544 | $292,712,567,677 | $53,453,444,787 | $81,852,658,918 |
| 1992 | $159,104,772,992 | $307,452,504,005 | $60,416,519,620 | $86,813,216,021 |
| 1993 | $180,415,757,852 | $330,976,510,460 | $60,037,460,783 | $87,052,308,655 |
| 1994 | $130,650,447,499 | $315,526,039,212 | $58,418,666,667 | $85,007,160,806 |
| 1995 | $234,699,627,004 | $340,384,022,645 | $77,389,487,770 | $88,366,311,675 |
| 1996 | $250,366,965,174 | $364,748,025,041 | $70,543,211,119 | $88,191,409,486 |
| 1997 | $263,817,553,748 | $391,585,682,739 | $85,837,678,560 | $93,810,088,635 |
| 1998 | $276,035,372,655 | $399,059,372,123 | $91,336,763,255 | $94,085,942,042 |
| 1999 | $256,673,939,248 | $386,877,005,104 | $97,972,842,462 | $88,468,580,251 |
| 2000 | $274,748,463,179 | $413,901,474,163 | $117,146,466,003 | $91,730,367,410 |
| 2001 | $202,195,080,239 | $391,304,902,374 | $122,911,036,747 | $94,843,912,662 |
| 2002 | $240,778,008,474 | $416,487,363,950 | $92,893,587,734 | $86,444,870,221 |
| 2003 | $315,392,899,922 | $440,639,854,395 | $83,620,628,582 | $79,740,811,158 |
| 2004 | $410,156,784,496 | $484,375,146,823 | $112,451,400,425 | $94,322,699,665 |
| 2005 | $508,314,210,213 | $528,509,363,516 | $145,513,489,652 | $104,054,834,514 |
| 2006 | $559,668,118,237 | $565,862,429,107 | $183,477,522,124 | $114,327,282,932 |
| 2007 | $685,228,481,017 | $594,767,729,618 | $230,364,012,576 | $124,335,011,743 |
| 2008 | $775,415,944,333 | $600,240,295,873 | $315,953,388,511 | $130,897,232,287 |
| 2009 | $653,894,449,921 | $570,932,398,858 | $329,787,628,928 | $126,705,506,739 |
| 2010 | $782,545,664,268 | $619,702,577,582 | $393,192,354,511 | $124,819,126,241 |
| 2011 | $844,192,507,381 | $687,745,688,382 | $316,482,190,800 | $130,032,103,882 |
| 2012 | $885,327,622,479 | $720,809,935,556 | $372,592,062,768 | $137,347,654,100 |
| 2013 | $962,167,643,589 | $781,994,134,596 | $258,930,655,486 | $139,192,362,251 |
| 2014 | $942,343,431,929 | $817,972,077,518 | $214,689,614,733 | $133,771,673,722 |
| 2015 | $865,460,050,684 | $865,460,050,684 | $125,449,241,571 | $125,449,241,571 |
| 2016 | $870,818,016,910 | $894,225,044,187 | $112,915,034,262 | $104,072,271,055 |
| 2017 | $863,874,522,365 | $964,205,820,086 | $115,883,275,163 | $87,762,679,936 |
| 2018 | $788,356,985,774 | $997,645,953,749 | $102,021,093,965 | $70,512,625,399 |
| 2019 | $775,853,144,223 | $1,010,631,549,473 | $73,014,084,091 | $51,010,266,125 |
| 2020 | $733,628,247,119 | $1,028,853,867,660 | $42,838,020,721 | $35,707,915,777 |
| 2021 | $839,938,668,172 | $1,150,372,769,728 | $56,614,976,855 | $36,049,081,141 |
| 2022 | $926,097,476,914 | $1,212,967,141,770 | $89,013,255,585 | $38,933,336,799 |
| 2023 | $1,141,242,864,657 | $1,274,162,834,490 | $102,376,526,556 | $40,491,326,652 |
| 2024 | $1,359,123,768,774 | $1,316,562,171,167 | $119,802,963,258 | $42,637,366,965 |
Economic indicators
|
Turkey
|
Venezuela
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Gross domestic product |
$1.36T
2024 |
$120B
2024 |
| GDP rank |
17/197
2024 |
65/197
2024 |
| GDP growth |
19.1%
2023-2024 |
17%
2023-2024 |
| GDP per capita |
$15,893
2024 |
$4,218
2024 |
| GDP per capita rank |
66/197
2024 |
128/197
2024 |
| GDP per capita, PPP |
$45,123
2024 |
$21,241
2011 |
| Government debt |
$353B
2024 |
$197B
2024 |
| Debt-to-GDP ratio |
27.1%
2026 |
216.7%
2026 |
| Government debt per person |
$4,127
2024 |
$6,928
2024 |
| Government debt per person rank |
91/185
2024 |
69/185
2024 |
| Average annual personal income after taxes |
$9,587
2026 |
$4,514
2026 |
| Market capitalization of domestic companies |
$379B
2024 |
$3.98B
2002 |
| Number of millionaires |
60,787
2024 |
n/a |
| Number of billionaires |
32
2025 |
1
2025 |
| Income share by richest 10% |
35.2%
2022 |
33.2%
2006 |
| Income share by poorest 10% |
2.1%
2022 |
1.2%
2006 |
| Government expenditure, % of GDP |
32%
2026 |
14.8%
2026 |
| Consumer prices inflation |
58.5%
2023-2024 |
682%
2025-2026 |
| Central bank interest rate |
40.5%
2025 |
n/a |
| Unemployment rate |
8.71%
2024 |
7.53%
2020 |
| Population |
85963745
|
28635082
|
GDP per capita in Turkey vs Venezuela
Turkey's GDP per capita is $15,893, ranking 66/197, compared to $4,218 in Venezuela, ranking 128/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Turkey ranks 51st at $45,123, while Venezuela ranks 93rd at $21,241.
| Year | Current $ | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Turkey
|
Venezuela
|
|||
| GDP per capita | GDP per capita, PPP | GDP per capita | GDP per capita, PPP | |
| 1960 | $267.1 | - | $939 | - |
| 1961 | $274.4 | - | $954 | - |
| 1962 | $298.2 | - | $1,007 | - |
| 1963 | $337 | - | $1,060 | - |
| 1964 | $354 | - | $874 | - |
| 1965 | $370 | - | $869 | - |
| 1966 | $425 | - | $876 | - |
| 1967 | $459 | - | $893 | - |
| 1968 | $501 | - | $938 | - |
| 1969 | $544 | - | $932 | - |
| 1970 | $488 | - | $1,015 | - |
| 1971 | $431 | - | $1,106 | - |
| 1972 | $537 | - | $1,155 | - |
| 1973 | $661 | - | $1,367 | - |
| 1974 | $881 | - | $2,034 | - |
| 1975 | $1,122 | - | $2,078 | - |
| 1976 | $1,228 | - | $2,309 | - |
| 1977 | $1,372 | - | $2,585 | - |
| 1978 | $1,510 | - | $2,727 | - |
| 1979 | $2,013 | - | $3,257 | - |
| 1980 | $1,516 | - | $3,874 | - |
| 1981 | $1,537 | - | $4,228 | - |
| 1982 | $1,360 | - | $4,202 | - |
| 1983 | $1,276 | - | $4,079 | - |
| 1984 | $1,209 | - | $3,520 | - |
| 1985 | $1,326 | - | $3,549 | - |
| 1986 | $1,461 | - | $3,376 | - |
| 1987 | $1,650 | - | $2,611 | - |
| 1988 | $1,686 | - | $3,191 | - |
| 1989 | $1,949 | - | $2,250 | - |
| 1990 | $2,690 | $8,201 | $2,452 | $11,628 |
| 1991 | $2,649 | $8,409 | $2,633 | $12,880 |
| 1992 | $2,744 | $8,963 | $2,907 | $13,652 |
| 1993 | $3,058 | $9,743 | $2,825 | $13,702 |
| 1994 | $2,176 | $9,247 | $2,689 | $13,370 |
| 1995 | $3,846 | $9,955 | $3,487 | $13,890 |
| 1996 | $4,041 | $10,621 | $3,113 | $13,824 |
| 1997 | $4,197 | $11,511 | $3,711 | $14,655 |
| 1998 | $4,331 | $8,762 | $3,870 | $14,568 |
| 1999 | $3,974 | $8,470 | $4,071 | $13,623 |
| 2000 | $4,199 | $9,324 | $4,776 | $14,174 |
| 2001 | $3,052 | $9,015 | $4,920 | $14,714 |
| 2002 | $3,591 | $9,154 | $3,652 | $13,375 |
| 2003 | $4,650 | $9,475 | $3,230 | $12,359 |
| 2004 | $5,980 | $10,761 | $4,269 | $14,757 |
| 2005 | $7,332 | $11,803 | $5,432 | $16,511 |
| 2006 | $7,990 | $13,558 | $6,739 | $18,399 |
| 2007 | $9,767 | $14,952 | $8,332 | $20,236 |
| 2008 | $10,913 | $16,142 | $11,262 | $21,402 |
| 2009 | $9,077 | $15,552 | $11,597 | $20,562 |
| 2010 | $10,699 | $17,468 | $13,646 | $20,236 |
| 2011 | $11,374 | $19,717 | $10,844 | $21,241 |
| 2012 | $11,777 | $20,739 | $12,607 | - |
| 2013 | $12,636 | $22,475 | $8,656 | - |
| 2014 | $12,209 | $24,193 | $7,096 | - |
| 2015 | $11,065 | $25,897 | $4,103 | - |
| 2016 | $10,984 | $26,731 | $3,670 | - |
| 2017 | $10,756 | $28,354 | $3,791 | - |
| 2018 | $9,684 | $28,640 | $3,423 | - |
| 2019 | $9,395 | $29,016 | $2,523 | - |
| 2020 | $8,798 | $29,209 | $1,506 | - |
| 2021 | $9,982 | $32,106 | $2,005 | - |
| 2022 | $10,898 | $39,919 | $3,155 | - |
| 2023 | $13,375 | $43,196 | $3,617 | - |
| 2024 | $15,893 | $45,123 | $4,218 | - |
Spending and national debt comparison
In 2024, Turkey's government spending was $461B, accounting for 32% of its GDP, while Venezuela's spent $21.1B, or 14.8% of GDP.
Debt-to-GDP ratio is 27.1% in Turkey and 216.7% in Venezuela, ranking 168/185 and 3/185, respectively.
| Year | % of GDP | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Turkey
|
Venezuela
|
|||
| Government spending | Government debt | Government spending | Government debt | |
| 1960 | 15.6% | 19.9% | 23.7% | 8.28% |
| 1961 | 22.9% | 28.9% | 11.8% | 8.79% |
| 1962 | 15.7% | 28.8% | 17.6% | 7.24% |
| 1963 | 17.5% | 27.6% | 18.7% | 6.3% |
| 1964 | 18.9% | 25.7% | 17.9% | 4.95% |
| 1965 | 19% | 33.4% | 18.7% | 5.46% |
| 1966 | 18.9% | 33.4% | 19.1% | 5.84% |
| 1967 | 20.1% | 33.3% | 19.8% | 6.74% |
| 1968 | 19% | 33.2% | 19.8% | 7.84% |
| 1969 | 20.5% | 33.2% | 21% | 9.91% |
| 1970 | 22.7% | 39.8% | 19.5% | 10.6% |
| 1971 | 24.8% | 34.4% | 19.6% | 9.64% |
| 1972 | 21.9% | 30.1% | 21.3% | 10.6% |
| 1973 | 21.8% | 23.1% | 20% | 9.78% |
| 1974 | 19% | 19% | 35.3% | 7.72% |
| 1975 | 22% | 20.2% | 33.8% | 8.31% |
| 1976 | 23.3% | 20.4% | 26.6% | 9.64% |
| 1977 | 27.8% | 24% | 30.6% | 12.7% |
| 1978 | 27.6% | 25.8% | 29.2% | 16.6% |
| 1979 | 28.3% | 23.6% | 22.3% | 19.2% |
| 1980 | 25.5% | 22.4% | 22% | 16.6% |
| 1981 | 24% | 32% | 29.6% | 18.9% |
| 1982 | 19.2% | 33.4% | 29% | 18.6% |
| 1983 | 14.9% | 32.7% | 25.3% | 21.4% |
| 1984 | 14.1% | 42.6% | 19.7% | 36.4% |
| 1985 | 18% | 44.3% | 20.3% | 34.1% |
| 1986 | 12.1% | 38.2% | 21.5% | 45.9% |
| 1987 | 13.3% | 40.3% | 25.1% | 58.3% |
| 1988 | 12.9% | 38.6% | 33.2% | 46.3% |
| 1989 | 13.8% | 33.5% | 32.5% | 61.8% |
| 1990 | 14.1% | 25.8% | 31.9% | 63.3% |
| 1991 | 18.2% | 28.4% | 33.9% | 62.2% |
| 1992 | 18.6% | 29.2% | 30.6% | 54.8% |
| 1993 | 22% | 29.1% | 27.7% | 57.7% |
| 1994 | 20.5% | 39.2% | 42.2% | 63.9% |
| 1995 | 19.4% | 34.6% | 32.9% | 45.9% |
| 1996 | 24.5% | 35.5% | 27.7% | 45.9% |
| 1997 | 26.4% | 32.5% | 31% | 34.8% |
| 1998 | 27.9% | 36.5% | 28.8% | 30.7% |
| 1999 | 32.7% | 52.1% | 26.1% | 29.6% |
| 2000 | 39.5% | 51.3% | 28.3% | 27.7% |
| 2001 | 44% | 75.5% | 31.9% | 30.7% |
| 2002 | 41% | 71.5% | 31% | 48.2% |
| 2003 | 38.4% | 65.2% | 32.2% | 56% |
| 2004 | 34.6% | 57.2% | 31.9% | 41.8% |
| 2005 | 32.1% | 50.2% | 33.5% | 34.9% |
| 2006 | 33.6% | 44.2% | 39.3% | 25.7% |
| 2007 | 32.9% | 37.8% | 35.9% | 26.4% |
| 2008 | 33.7% | 37.7% | 34.9% | 20.3% |
| 2009 | 37.2% | 43.2% | 33.3% | 27.6% |
| 2010 | 35.5% | 39.5% | 31.1% | 37.7% |
| 2011 | 32.8% | 35.9% | 39.4% | 52.5% |
| 2012 | 34.1% | 32.2% | 38% | 58.4% |
| 2013 | 33.7% | 30.9% | 36.5% | 85.4% |
| 2014 | 32.6% | 28.3% | 31.6% | 84.9% |
| 2015 | 32.5% | 27.2% | 22.9% | 129.8% |
| 2016 | 33.8% | 27.7% | 19.7% | 138.4% |
| 2017 | 32.6% | 27.8% | 21.8% | 133.6% |
| 2018 | 34.3% | 29.9% | 37.9% | 175.3% |
| 2019 | 35.5% | 32.4% | 21% | 206% |
| 2020 | 34.7% | 39.4% | 11.2% | 337% |
| 2021 | 31.3% | 40.4% | 13.1% | 254.2% |
| 2022 | 27.3% | 30.8% | 15.1% | 164.4% |
| 2023 | 33.2% | 29.3% | 13.2% | 138.5% |
| 2024 | 33.9% | 26% | 17.6% | 164.3% |
| 2025 | 32.9% | 26.7% | 15.7% | 192.4% |
| 2026 | 32% | 27.1% | 14.8% | 216.7% |
Government deficit by year
In 2024, Turkey's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was -$70.7B, equivalent to -5.2% of GDP. This compares to Venezuela's deficit of -$4.28B, or -3.58% of GDP.
Over the past 65 years, Turkey recorded a fiscal deficit in 62 of those years, while Venezuela ran a deficit in 39 years. On average, Turkey posted an annual deficit equal to -3.5% of GDP, compared to deficit of -2.59% of GDP for Venezuela.
| Year | Deficit/surplus, % of GDP | |
|---|---|---|
|
Turkey
|
Venezuela
|
|
| 1920 | - | -1.75% |
| 1921 | - | -0.97% |
| 1922 | - | 1.57% |
| 1923 | - | 1.32% |
| 1924 | - | 0.37% |
| 1925 | - | 0.54% |
| 1926 | - | 0.14% |
| 1927 | - | 1.55% |
| 1928 | - | -0.68% |
| 1929 | - | -0.34% |
| 1930 | - | -2.03% |
| 1931 | - | 1.02% |
| 1932 | - | 0.51% |
| 1933 | - | 1.03% |
| 1934 | - | 1.34% |
| 1935 | - | -2.23% |
| 1936 | 1.43% | -0.52% |
| 1937 | 1.43% | 0.73% |
| 1938 | 1.18% | 0.68% |
| 1939 | 1.18% | -0.78% |
| 1940 | 1.18% | -1.07% |
| 1941 | 1.18% | 0.01% |
| 1942 | 1.18% | 0.2% |
| 1943 | 0.22% | -0.27% |
| 1944 | 0.22% | 1.85% |
| 1945 | 1.01% | 2.9% |
| 1946 | 1.01% | -0.9% |
| 1947 | 1.01% | 0.09% |
| 1948 | 0.84% | 1.27% |
| 1949 | 0.81% | 0.15% |
| 1950 | -0.53% | -0.23% |
| 1951 | 0.48% | -0.24% |
| 1952 | -0.1% | -0.5% |
| 1953 | -0.12% | 0.03% |
| 1954 | -1.12% | 1.84% |
| 1955 | -0.85% | 0.38% |
| 1956 | -0.84% | 0.76% |
| 1957 | -0.66% | 6.7% |
| 1958 | -0.45% | -4.86% |
| 1959 | -0.78% | -4.98% |
| 1960 | -0.83% | -4.08% |
| 1961 | -1% | -1.91% |
| 1962 | -0.16% | 2.14% |
| 1963 | 0% | 1.92% |
| 1964 | -0.84% | 1.91% |
| 1965 | -1.18% | 0.39% |
| 1966 | -0.66% | 0.23% |
| 1967 | 0.1% | 0.51% |
| 1968 | -0.62% | -0.32% |
| 1969 | -1.45% | -2.17% |
| 1970 | 0.14% | -1.22% |
| 1971 | -3.05% | 0.78% |
| 1972 | -0.13% | 0.42% |
| 1973 | -0.98% | 1.98% |
| 1974 | -1.02% | 2.76% |
| 1975 | -0.19% | 0.88% |
| 1976 | -0.6% | 1.65% |
| 1977 | -5.1% | -4.69% |
| 1978 | -1.83% | -5.44% |
| 1979 | -3.06% | -3.07% |
| 1980 | -3.67% | 4.41% |
| 1981 | -1.5% | 4.74% |
| 1982 | -1.61% | -0.17% |
| 1983 | -1.45% | 1.24% |
| 1984 | -3.77% | 5.33% |
| 1985 | -5.84% | 6.97% |
| 1986 | -2.43% | 0.82% |
| 1987 | -3.47% | -7.47% |
| 1988 | -3.2% | -9.24% |
| 1989 | -3.87% | -0.91% |
| 1990 | -3.65% | 3.84% |
| 1991 | -6.86% | -2.28% |
| 1992 | -6.73% | -6.37% |
| 1993 | -8.84% | -2.92% |
| 1994 | -6.04% | -11.2% |
| 1995 | -5.95% | -5.86% |
| 1996 | -10.7% | 7.94% |
| 1997 | -10.1% | 2.58% |
| 1998 | -9.84% | -4.49% |
| 1999 | -13.8% | 0.74% |
| 2000 | -8.37% | 4.45% |
| 2001 | -11.7% | -4.59% |
| 2002 | -11.3% | -1.48% |
| 2003 | -7.57% | 0.17% |
| 2004 | -4.12% | 2.47% |
| 2005 | -0.75% | 4.09% |
| 2006 | -0.22% | -1.6% |
| 2007 | -1.38% | -2.82% |
| 2008 | -2.14% | -3.46% |
| 2009 | -5.18% | -8.69% |
| 2010 | -3.02% | -4.74% |
| 2011 | -0.35% | -8.24% |
| 2012 | -1.79% | -9.86% |
| 2013 | -1.21% | -10.4% |
| 2014 | -0.97% | -9.81% |
| 2015 | -0.51% | -8.06% |
| 2016 | -1.68% | -8.46% |
| 2017 | -1.88% | -13.3% |
| 2018 | -3.13% | -31% |
| 2019 | -4.78% | -10.9% |
| 2020 | -4.72% | -6.63% |
| 2021 | -3.05% | -5.85% |
| 2022 | -1.12% | -5.29% |
| 2023 | -5.32% | -1.21% |
| 2024 | -5.2% | -3.58% |
| 2025 | -4.33% | -5.51% |
| 2026 | -3.39% | -5.5% |
Inflation comparison by year
Over the past 28 years, Turkey has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 27.8%, compared with 3,254% in Venezuela. In 2024, inflation was 58.5% in Turkey and 682% in Venezuela.
| Year | Inflation | |
|---|---|---|
|
Turkey
|
Venezuela
|
|
| 1997 | 85.7% | 50% |
| 1998 | 84.6% | 35.8% |
| 1999 | 64.9% | 23.6% |
| 2000 | 54.9% | 16.2% |
| 2001 | 54.4% | 12.5% |
| 2002 | 45% | 22.4% |
| 2003 | 21.6% | 31.1% |
| 2004 | 8.6% | 21.7% |
| 2005 | 8.18% | 16% |
| 2006 | 9.6% | 13.7% |
| 2007 | 8.76% | 18.7% |
| 2008 | 10.4% | 31.4% |
| 2009 | 6.25% | 26% |
| 2010 | 8.57% | 28.2% |
| 2011 | 6.47% | 26.1% |
| 2012 | 8.89% | 21.1% |
| 2013 | 7.49% | 40.6% |
| 2014 | 8.85% | 62.2% |
| 2015 | 7.67% | 121.7% |
| 2016 | 7.78% | 254.9% |
| 2017 | 11.1% | 438% |
| 2018 | 16.3% | 65,374% |
| 2019 | 15.2% | 19,906% |
| 2020 | 12.3% | 2,355% |
| 2021 | 19.6% | 1,589% |
| 2022 | 72.3% | 186.5% |
| 2023 | 53.9% | 338% |
| 2024 | 58.5% | 49% |
| 2025 | - | 269.9% |
| 2026 | - | 682% |
Top exports between countries
|
Turkey
|
|
|---|---|
| Export category | Export value |
| Processed food, beverages & tobacco | $135M |
| Raw agricultural goods | $59.5M |
| Chemicals & pharma | $34.1M |
| Raw materials & minerals | $18.8M |
| Machinery & equipment | $17.2M |
| Textiles & consumer goods | $12.9M |
| Precious metals & jewellery | $8.79M |
| Miscellaneous | $8.53M |
| Metals | $7.43M |
| Wood & paper products | $4.32M |
|
Venezuela
|
|
|---|---|
| Export category | Export value |
| Metals | $29.2M |
| Wood & paper products | $2.72M |
| Raw materials & minerals | $1.18M |
Balance of trade
|
Turkey
|
Venezuela
|
|
|---|---|---|
Current account balance
|
-$10.2B
2024 |
-$3.87B
2016 |
| Current account balance ranking |
176/190
2024 |
161/190
2016 |
| Current account balance, % of GDP |
-0.75%
2024 |
-3.43%
2016 |
| Goods imports |
$314B
2024 |
$16.3B
2016 |
| Goods exports |
$257B
2024 |
$27.4B
2016 |
| Service imports |
$53.3B
2024 |
$9.47B
2016 |
| Service exports |
$115B
2024 |
$1.28B
2016 |
| Imports of goods and services, % of GDP |
27%
2024 |
9.22%
2024 |
| Exports of goods and services, % of GDP |
27.6%
2024 |
16.9%
2024 |
Economic freedom indices
The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.
|
Turkey
|
Venezuela
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Economic freedom | 56.1 | 27.6 |
| Economic freedom ranking | 122/197 | 194/197 |
| Property rights | 40.6 | 0.7 |
| Government integrity | 34.3 | 6.7 |
| Judicial effectiveness | 23.8 | 4.1 |
| Tax burden | 72.2 | 75.9 |
| Government spending | 71.9 | 93.8 |
| Fiscal health | 82.3 | 29.1 |
| Business freedom | 58.5 | 32.5 |
| Labor freedom | 48.4 | 35.9 |
| Monetary freedom | 37.9 | 0 |
| Trade freedom | 72.8 | 42.2 |
| Investment freedom | 70 | 0 |
| Financial freedom | 60 | 10 |
Economic freedom by year comparison
The Economic Freedom Index for Turkey is 56.1, ranking 122/197, compared to 27.6 for Venezuela, ranking 194/197. The chart below displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.
| Year | Economic freedom index | |
|---|---|---|
|
Turkey
|
Venezuela
|
|
| 1995 | 58.4 | 59.8 |
| 1996 | 56.7 | 54.5 |
| 1997 | 60.8 | 52.8 |
| 1998 | 60.9 | 54 |
| 1999 | 59.2 | 56.1 |
| 2000 | 63.4 | 57.4 |
| 2001 | 60.6 | 54.6 |
| 2002 | 54.2 | 54.7 |
| 2003 | 51.9 | 54.8 |
| 2004 | 52.8 | 46.7 |
| 2005 | 50.6 | 45.2 |
| 2006 | 57 | 44.6 |
| 2007 | 57.4 | 47.9 |
| 2008 | 59.9 | 44.7 |
| 2009 | 61.6 | 39.9 |
| 2010 | 63.8 | 37.1 |
| 2011 | 64.2 | 37.6 |
| 2012 | 62.5 | 38.1 |
| 2013 | 62.9 | 36.1 |
| 2014 | 64.9 | 36.3 |
| 2015 | 63.2 | 34.3 |
| 2016 | 62.1 | 33.7 |
| 2017 | 65.2 | 27 |
| 2018 | 65.4 | 25.2 |
| 2019 | 64.6 | 25.9 |
| 2020 | 64.4 | 25.2 |
| 2021 | 64 | 24.7 |
| 2022 | 56.9 | 24.8 |
| 2023 | 56.9 | 25.8 |
| 2024 | 56.2 | 28.1 |
| 2025 | 56.1 | 27.6 |
More economic indicators
|
Turkey
|
Venezuela
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Services, % of GDP |
57.5%
2024 |
51.7%
2014 |
| Industry, % of GDP |
25.5%
2024 |
37.2%
2014 |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP |
5.82%
2024 |
5.03%
2014 |
|
GNI, Atlas method
|
$1.15T
2024 |
$109B
2024 |
| GNI per capita, PPP |
$44,600
2024 |
$20,800
2011 |
| Total reserves including gold |
$155B
2024 |
$9.79B
2017 |
| Total reserves ranking |
21/177
2024 |
77/177
2017 |
|
Net foreign direct investment
|
-$5.13B
2024 |
-$27M
2016 |
|
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
|
$11.7B
2024 |
$1.63B
2024 |
|
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
|
$6.61B
2024 |
$2.6B
2024 |
|
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
|
6.67%
2024 |
n/a |
| Poverty at national poverty lines |
13.6%
2023 |
33.1%
2015 |
|
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
|
30.7%
2024 |
4.9%
2024 |
GDP per capita map
GDP per capita
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Economy comparisons
The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.
Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.
A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).
Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.
Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.
Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.
Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.