South Sudan has a GDP of $12B compared to $1.36T for Turkey, ranking 149/197 and 17/197 by economy size, respectively.
South Sudan has $7.04B in government debt (50.7% of GDP), compared to $327B (24% of GDP) in Turkey.
South Sudan vs Turkey GDP by year
| Year | GDP, current $ | |
|---|---|---|
South Sudan
|
Turkey
|
|
| 2024 | - | $1,359,123,768,774 |
| 2023 | - | $1,141,242,864,657 |
| 2022 | - | $926,097,476,914 |
| 2021 | - | $839,938,668,172 |
| 2020 | - | $733,628,247,119 |
| 2019 | - | $775,853,144,223 |
| 2018 | - | $788,356,985,774 |
| 2017 | - | $863,874,522,365 |
| 2016 | - | $870,818,016,910 |
| 2015 | $11,997,800,760 | $865,460,050,684 |
| 2014 | $13,962,212,847 | $942,343,431,929 |
| 2013 | $18,426,469,017 | $962,167,643,589 |
| 2012 | $11,931,472,169 | $885,327,622,479 |
| 2011 | $14,907,308,933 | $844,192,507,381 |
| 2010 | $14,602,072,411 | $782,545,664,268 |
| 2009 | $12,231,264,525 | $653,894,449,921 |
| 2008 | $14,586,253,383 | $775,415,944,333 |
| 2007 | - | $685,228,481,017 |
| 2006 | - | $559,668,118,237 |
| 2005 | - | $508,314,210,213 |
| 2004 | - | $410,156,784,496 |
| 2003 | - | $315,392,899,922 |
| 2002 | - | $240,778,008,474 |
| 2001 | - | $202,195,080,239 |
| 2000 | - | $274,748,463,179 |
| 1999 | - | $256,673,939,248 |
| 1998 | - | $276,035,372,655 |
| 1997 | - | $263,817,553,748 |
| 1996 | - | $250,366,965,174 |
| 1995 | - | $234,699,627,004 |
| 1994 | - | $130,650,447,499 |
| 1993 | - | $180,415,757,852 |
| 1992 | - | $159,104,772,992 |
| 1991 | - | $151,034,731,544 |
| 1990 | - | $150,655,500,192 |
| 1989 | - | $107,127,191,329 |
| 1988 | - | $90,875,175,809 |
| 1987 | - | $87,190,081,680 |
| 1986 | - | $75,673,037,037 |
| 1985 | - | $67,232,758,621 |
| 1984 | - | $59,937,602,180 |
| 1983 | - | $61,803,555,556 |
| 1982 | - | $64,369,325,153 |
| 1981 | - | $71,180,180,180 |
| 1980 | - | $68,823,684,211 |
| 1979 | - | $89,616,129,032 |
| 1978 | - | $65,912,500,000 |
| 1977 | - | $58,683,333,333 |
| 1976 | - | $51,450,000,000 |
| 1975 | - | $46,042,857,143 |
| 1974 | - | $35,414,285,714 |
| 1973 | - | $26,000,000,000 |
| 1972 | - | $20,650,000,000 |
| 1971 | - | $16,166,666,667 |
| 1970 | - | $17,863,636,364 |
| 1969 | - | $19,466,666,667 |
| 1968 | - | $17,500,000,000 |
| 1967 | - | $15,644,444,444 |
| 1966 | - | $14,100,000,000 |
| 1965 | - | $11,966,666,667 |
| 1964 | - | $11,177,777,778 |
| 1963 | - | $10,355,555,556 |
| 1962 | - | $8,922,222,222 |
| 1961 | - | $7,988,888,889 |
| 1960 | - | $7,566,666,667 |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/economy/south-sudan/turkey | CC BY 
GDP per capita in South Sudan vs Turkey by year
| Year | Current $ | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
South Sudan
|
Turkey
|
|||
| GDP per capita | GDP per capita, PPP | GDP per capita | GDP per capita, PPP | |
| 2024 | - | - | $15,893 | $45,639 |
| 2023 | - | - | $13,375 | $42,786 |
| 2022 | - | - | $10,898 | $39,564 |
| 2021 | - | - | $9,982 | $32,106 |
| 2020 | - | - | $8,798 | $29,209 |
| 2019 | - | - | $9,395 | $29,016 |
| 2018 | - | - | $9,684 | $28,640 |
| 2017 | - | - | $10,756 | $28,354 |
| 2016 | - | - | $10,984 | $26,731 |
| 2015 | $1,080 | $1,155 | $11,065 | $25,890 |
| 2014 | $1,243 | $1,373 | $12,209 | $24,193 |
| 2013 | $1,650 | $1,917 | $12,636 | $22,475 |
| 2012 | $1,109 | $1,417 | $11,777 | $20,739 |
| 2011 | $1,449 | $2,718 | $11,374 | $19,717 |
| 2010 | $1,498 | $2,948 | $10,699 | $17,466 |
| 2009 | $1,323 | $2,911 | $9,077 | $15,560 |
| 2008 | $1,654 | $2,887 | $10,913 | $16,142 |
| 2007 | - | - | $9,767 | $14,951 |
| 2006 | - | - | $7,990 | $13,555 |
| 2005 | - | - | $7,332 | $11,803 |
| 2004 | - | - | $5,980 | $10,759 |
| 2003 | - | - | $4,650 | $9,474 |
| 2002 | - | - | $3,591 | $9,154 |
| 2001 | - | - | $3,052 | $9,014 |
| 2000 | - | - | $4,199 | $9,326 |
| 1999 | - | - | $3,974 | $8,470 |
| 1998 | - | - | $4,331 | $8,763 |
| 1997 | - | - | $4,197 | $11,514 |
| 1996 | - | - | $4,041 | $10,624 |
| 1995 | - | - | $3,846 | $9,962 |
| 1994 | - | - | $2,176 | $9,253 |
| 1993 | - | - | $3,058 | $9,751 |
| 1992 | - | - | $2,744 | $8,969 |
| 1991 | - | - | $2,649 | $8,418 |
| 1990 | - | - | $2,690 | $8,208 |
| 1989 | - | - | $1,949 | - |
| 1988 | - | - | $1,686 | - |
| 1987 | - | - | $1,650 | - |
| 1986 | - | - | $1,461 | - |
| 1985 | - | - | $1,326 | - |
| 1984 | - | - | $1,209 | - |
| 1983 | - | - | $1,276 | - |
| 1982 | - | - | $1,360 | - |
| 1981 | - | - | $1,537 | - |
| 1980 | - | - | $1,516 | - |
| 1979 | - | - | $2,013 | - |
| 1978 | - | - | $1,510 | - |
| 1977 | - | - | $1,372 | - |
| 1976 | - | - | $1,228 | - |
| 1975 | - | - | $1,122 | - |
| 1974 | - | - | $881 | - |
| 1973 | - | - | $661 | - |
| 1972 | - | - | $537 | - |
| 1971 | - | - | $431 | - |
| 1970 | - | - | $488 | - |
| 1969 | - | - | $544 | - |
| 1968 | - | - | $501 | - |
| 1967 | - | - | $459 | - |
| 1966 | - | - | $425 | - |
| 1965 | - | - | $370 | - |
| 1964 | - | - | $354 | - |
| 1963 | - | - | $337 | - |
| 1962 | - | - | $298.2 | - |
| 1961 | - | - | $274.4 | - |
| 1960 | - | - | $267.1 | - |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/economy/south-sudan/turkey | CC BY
South Sudan's GDP per capita is $1,080, ranking 175/197, compared to $15,893 in Turkey, ranking 66/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), South Sudan ranks 197th at $1,155, while Turkey ranks 51st at $45,639.
Economic indicators
|
South Sudan
|
Turkey
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Gross domestic product |
$12B
2015 |
$1.36T
2024 |
| GDP rank |
149/197
2015 |
17/197
2024 |
| GDP growth |
-10.8%
2014-2015 |
3.33%
2023-2024 |
| GDP per capita |
$1,080
2015 |
$15,893
2024 |
| GDP per capita rank |
175/197
2015 |
66/197
2024 |
| GDP per capita, PPP |
$1,155
2015 |
$45,639
2024 |
| GDP per capita PPP rank |
197/197
2015 |
51/197
2024 |
| Government debt |
$7.04B
2015 |
$327B
2024 |
| Debt-to-GDP ratio |
50.7%
2024 |
24%
2024 |
| Government debt per person |
$633
2015 |
$3,820
2024 |
| Government debt per person rank |
158/185
2015 |
92/185
2024 |
| Average annual personal income after taxes |
$1,305
2026 |
$10,928
2026 |
| Market capitalization of domestic companies | n/a |
$379B
2024 |
| Number of millionaires | n/a |
60,787
2025 |
| Number of billionaires | n/a |
32
2025 |
| Income share by richest 10% |
33%
2016 |
35.2%
2022 |
| Income share by poorest 10% |
1.8%
2016 |
2.1%
2022 |
| Government expenditure, % of GDP |
18.1%
2024 |
32.6%
2024 |
| Consumer prices inflation |
91.4%
2023-2024 |
58.5%
2023-2024 |
| Central bank interest rate |
15%
2023 |
38%
2025 |
| Unemployment rate |
12.3%
2008 |
8.71%
2024 |
| Population |
12507858
|
86002379
|
Spending and national debt comparison by year
| Year | % of GDP | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
South Sudan
|
Turkey
|
|||
| Government spending | Government debt | Government spending | Government debt | |
| 2024 | 18.1% | 50.7% | 32.6% | 24% |
| 2023 | 21.4% | 51.9% | 32.5% | 28.7% |
| 2022 | 29.4% | 37.3% | 26.8% | 30.2% |
| 2021 | 44.1% | 50.2% | 30.5% | 39.4% |
| 2020 | 34.1% | 49% | 34% | 38.7% |
| 2019 | 47.9% | 43.1% | 34.8% | 31.8% |
| 2018 | 54.5% | 77.6% | 33.9% | 29.5% |
| 2017 | 97% | 178.3% | 32.4% | 27.6% |
| 2016 | 66.5% | 164.7% | 33.8% | 27.7% |
| 2015 | 34% | 58.6% | 32.4% | 27.1% |
| 2014 | 35.8% | 37.7% | 32.5% | 28.2% |
| 2013 | 25.3% | 17.6% | 33.5% | 30.8% |
| 2012 | 31.6% | 8.91% | 34% | 32.1% |
| 2011 | 20.8% | - | 32.6% | 35.7% |
| 2010 | - | - | 35.2% | 39.2% |
| 2009 | - | - | 37% | 42.9% |
| 2008 | - | - | 33.5% | 37.5% |
| 2007 | - | - | 32.7% | 37.5% |
| 2006 | - | - | 33.4% | 44% |
| 2005 | - | - | 32% | 50% |
| 2004 | - | - | 34.5% | 57% |
| 2003 | - | - | 38.3% | 65% |
| 2002 | - | - | 40.9% | 71.3% |
| 2001 | - | - | 43.9% | 75.3% |
| 2000 | - | - | 39.4% | 51.2% |
| 1999 | - | - | 32.7% | 52.1% |
| 1998 | - | - | 27.9% | 36.5% |
| 1997 | - | - | 26.4% | 32.5% |
| 1996 | - | - | 24.5% | 35.5% |
| 1995 | - | - | 19.4% | 34.6% |
| 1994 | - | - | 20.5% | 39.2% |
| 1993 | - | - | 22% | 29.1% |
| 1992 | - | - | 18.6% | 29.2% |
| 1991 | - | - | 18.2% | 28.4% |
| 1990 | - | - | 14.1% | 25.8% |
| 1989 | - | - | 13.8% | 33.5% |
| 1988 | - | - | 12.9% | 38.6% |
| 1987 | - | - | 13.3% | 40.3% |
| 1986 | - | - | 12.1% | 38.2% |
| 1985 | - | - | 18% | 44.3% |
| 1984 | - | - | 14.1% | 42.6% |
| 1983 | - | - | 14.9% | 32.7% |
| 1982 | - | - | 19.2% | 33.4% |
| 1981 | - | - | 24% | 32% |
| 1980 | - | - | 25.5% | 22.4% |
| 1979 | - | - | 28.3% | 23.6% |
| 1978 | - | - | 27.6% | 25.8% |
| 1977 | - | - | 27.8% | 24% |
| 1976 | - | - | 23.3% | 20.4% |
| 1975 | - | - | 22% | 20.2% |
| 1974 | - | - | 19% | 19% |
| 1973 | - | - | 21.8% | 23.1% |
| 1972 | - | - | 21.9% | 30.1% |
| 1971 | - | - | 24.8% | 34.4% |
| 1970 | - | - | 22.7% | 39.8% |
| 1969 | - | - | 20.5% | 33.2% |
| 1968 | - | - | 19% | 33.2% |
| 1967 | - | - | 20.1% | 33.3% |
| 1966 | - | - | 18.9% | 33.4% |
| 1965 | - | - | 19% | 33.4% |
| 1964 | - | - | 18.9% | 25.7% |
| 1963 | - | - | 17.5% | 27.6% |
| 1962 | - | - | 15.7% | 28.8% |
| 1961 | - | - | 22.9% | 28.9% |
| 1960 | - | - | 15.6% | 19.9% |
Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1999, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (2000–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).
GeoRank.org/economy/south-sudan/turkey | CC BY
In 2024, South Sudan's government spending was $4.08B, accounting for 18.1% of its GDP, while Turkey spent $444B, or 32.6% of GDP.
Debt-to-GDP ratio is 50.7% in South Sudan and 24% in Turkey, ranking 105/185 and 170/185, respectively.
Government deficit by year
| Year | Deficit/surplus, % of GDP | |
|---|---|---|
|
South Sudan
|
Turkey
|
|
| 2024 | 11.7% | -4.57% |
| 2023 | 8.04% | -5.22% |
| 2022 | 4.48% | -1.1% |
| 2021 | -9.3% | -2.98% |
| 2020 | -5.5% | -4.64% |
| 2019 | 0.04% | -4.69% |
| 2018 | -1.06% | -3.1% |
| 2017 | 9.56% | -1.87% |
| 2016 | -19.8% | -1.68% |
| 2015 | -16.4% | -0.51% |
| 2014 | -9.07% | -0.96% |
| 2013 | -3.45% | -1.21% |
| 2012 | -14.8% | -1.78% |
| 2011 | 4.57% | -0.35% |
| 2010 | - | -2.99% |
| 2009 | - | -5.14% |
| 2008 | - | -2.13% |
| 2007 | - | -1.37% |
| 2006 | - | -0.22% |
| 2005 | - | -0.75% |
| 2004 | - | -4.11% |
| 2003 | - | -7.55% |
| 2002 | - | -11.3% |
| 2001 | - | -11.6% |
| 2000 | - | -8.36% |
| 1999 | - | -13.8% |
| 1998 | - | -9.84% |
| 1997 | - | -10.1% |
| 1996 | - | -10.7% |
| 1995 | - | -5.95% |
| 1994 | - | -6.04% |
| 1993 | - | -8.84% |
| 1992 | - | -6.73% |
| 1991 | - | -6.86% |
| 1990 | - | -3.65% |
| 1989 | - | -3.87% |
| 1988 | - | -3.2% |
| 1987 | - | -3.47% |
| 1986 | - | -2.43% |
| 1985 | - | -5.84% |
| 1984 | - | -3.77% |
| 1983 | - | -1.45% |
| 1982 | - | -1.61% |
| 1981 | - | -1.5% |
| 1980 | - | -3.67% |
| 1979 | - | -3.06% |
| 1978 | - | -1.83% |
| 1977 | - | -5.1% |
| 1976 | - | -0.6% |
| 1975 | - | -0.19% |
| 1974 | - | -1.02% |
| 1973 | - | -0.98% |
| 1972 | - | -0.13% |
| 1971 | - | -3.05% |
| 1970 | - | 0.14% |
| 1969 | - | -1.45% |
| 1968 | - | -0.62% |
| 1967 | - | 0.1% |
| 1966 | - | -0.66% |
| 1965 | - | -1.18% |
| 1964 | - | -0.84% |
| 1963 | - | 0% |
| 1962 | - | -0.16% |
| 1961 | - | -1% |
| 1960 | - | -0.83% |
| 1959 | - | -0.78% |
| 1958 | - | -0.45% |
| 1957 | - | -0.66% |
| 1956 | - | -0.84% |
| 1955 | - | -0.85% |
| 1954 | - | -1.12% |
| 1953 | - | -0.12% |
| 1952 | - | -0.1% |
| 1951 | - | 0.48% |
| 1950 | - | -0.53% |
| 1949 | - | 0.81% |
| 1948 | - | 0.84% |
| 1947 | - | - |
| 1946 | - | - |
| 1945 | - | 1.01% |
| 1944 | - | - |
| 1943 | - | 0.22% |
| 1942 | - | - |
| 1941 | - | - |
| 1940 | - | - |
| 1939 | - | - |
| 1938 | - | 1.18% |
| 1937 | - | - |
| 1936 | - | 1.43% |
Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1936–1999, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (2000–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).
GeoRank.org/economy/south-sudan/turkey | CC BY
In 2015, South Sudan's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $1.97B, equivalent to 16.4% of GDP. This compares to Turkey's deficit of $4.43B, or 0.51% of GDP.
Over the past 5 years, South Sudan recorded a fiscal deficit in 4 of those years, while Turkey ran a deficit in 5 years. On average, South Sudan posted an annual deficit equal to 7.83% of GDP, compared to deficit of 0.96% of GDP for Turkey.
Inflation comparison by year
| Year | Consumer prices inflation | |
|---|---|---|
|
South Sudan
|
Turkey
|
|
| 2024 | 91.4% | 58.5% |
| 2023 | 2.38% | 53.9% |
| 2022 | -6.69% | 72.3% |
| 2021 | 10.5% | 19.6% |
| 2020 | 29.7% | 12.3% |
| 2019 | 87.2% | 15.2% |
| 2018 | 83.5% | 16.3% |
| 2017 | 187.9% | 11.1% |
| 2016 | 380% | 7.78% |
| 2015 | 52.8% | 7.67% |
| 2014 | 1.67% | 8.85% |
| 2013 | -0.06% | 7.49% |
| 2012 | 45.5% | 8.89% |
| 2011 | 46.9% | 6.47% |
| 2010 | 1.17% | 8.57% |
| 2009 | 5.01% | 6.25% |
| 2008 | - | 10.4% |
| 2007 | - | 8.76% |
| 2006 | - | 9.6% |
| 2005 | - | 8.18% |
| 2004 | - | 8.6% |
| 2003 | - | 21.6% |
| 2002 | - | 45% |
| 2001 | - | 54.4% |
| 2000 | - | 54.9% |
| 1999 | - | 64.9% |
| 1998 | - | 84.6% |
| 1997 | - | 85.7% |
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).
GeoRank.org/economy/south-sudan/turkey | CC BY
Over the past 16 years, South Sudan has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 63.7%, compared with 20.1% in Turkey. In 2024, inflation was 91.4% in South Sudan and 58.5% in Turkey.
Balance of trade
|
South Sudan
|
Turkey
|
|
|---|---|---|
|
Current account balance
|
$578M
2023 |
-$10.2B
2024 |
| Current account balance ranking |
60/190
2023 |
176/190
2024 |
| Current account balance, % of GDP |
-4.17%
2015 |
-0.75%
2024 |
| Goods imports |
$2.25B
2023 |
$314B
2024 |
| Goods exports |
$4.01B
2023 |
$257B
2024 |
| Service imports |
$2.19B
2023 |
$53.3B
2024 |
| Service exports |
$484M
2023 |
$115B
2024 |
| Imports of goods and services, % of GDP |
28.9%
2015 |
27%
2024 |
| Exports of goods and services, % of GDP |
36.7%
2015 |
27.6%
2024 |
Economic freedom indices
The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.
|
South Sudan
|
Turkey
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Economic freedom | 41 | 55 |
| Economic freedom ranking | 186/197 | 129/197 |
| Property rights | n/a | 36.4 |
| Government integrity | n/a | 35.3 |
| Judicial effectiveness | n/a | 23.5 |
| Tax burden | n/a | 72 |
| Government spending | n/a | 71.8 |
| Fiscal health | n/a | 77.8 |
| Business freedom | n/a | 61.6 |
| Labor freedom | n/a | 44.3 |
| Monetary freedom | n/a | 36.5 |
| Trade freedom | n/a | 71 |
| Investment freedom | n/a | 70 |
| Financial freedom | n/a | 60 |
Other economic metrics
|
South Sudan
|
Turkey
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Services, % of GDP |
56.6%
2015 |
57.5%
2024 |
| Industry, % of GDP |
33.1%
2015 |
25.5%
2024 |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP |
10.4%
2015 |
5.82%
2024 |
|
GNI, Atlas method
|
$11.7B
2015 |
$1.15T
2024 |
| GNI per capita, PPP |
$1,010
2015 |
$45,110
2024 |
| Total reserves including gold |
$72.9M
2023 |
$155B
2024 |
| Total reserves ranking |
175/177
2023 |
21/177
2024 |
|
Net foreign direct investment
|
$2.21M
2019 |
-$5.13B
2024 |
|
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
|
$83.4M
2024 |
$11.7B
2024 |
|
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
|
$0
2024 |
$6.61B
2024 |
|
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
|
n/a |
6.67%
2024 |
| Poverty at national poverty lines |
66%
2020 |
13.6%
2023 |
|
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
|
5.75%
2015 |
30.7%
2024 |
GDP per capita map
Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).
GeoRank.org/economy/south-sudan/turkey | CC BY
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Data sources:
- World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
- International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1936–1999, retrieved 2026-02-20)
- International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (2000–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
- U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
- The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
- United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
- LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2020, retrieved 2026-02-20)
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The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.
Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.
A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).
Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.
Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.
Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.
Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.