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Economy of Switzerland vs Venezuela compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Switzerland has a GDP of $937B compared to $120B for Venezuela, ranking 20/197 and 65/197 by economy size, respectively.

Switzerland has $351B in government debt (37.5% of GDP), compared to $197B (164.3% of GDP) in Venezuela.

Switzerland vs Venezuela GDP by year

Switzerland
Venezuela
1x
Year GDP, current $
Switzerland Venezuela
2024 $936,564,198,049 $119,802,963,258
2023 $894,424,821,645 $102,376,526,556
2022 $828,508,926,958 $89,013,255,585
2021 $815,309,330,987 $56,614,976,855
2020 $741,999,406,006 $42,838,020,721
2019 $721,369,112,727 $73,014,084,091
2018 $725,568,717,468 $102,021,093,965
2017 $695,200,833,086 $115,883,275,163
2016 $687,895,460,903 $112,915,034,262
2015 $694,118,186,380 $125,449,241,571
2014 $726,537,808,338 $214,689,614,733
2013 $706,234,937,371 $258,930,655,486
2012 $686,420,221,558 $372,592,062,768
2011 $715,888,126,682 $316,482,190,800
2010 $598,851,028,907 $393,192,354,511
2009 $554,212,916,092 $329,787,628,928
2008 $567,267,767,519 $315,953,388,511
2007 $490,740,715,595 $230,364,012,576
2006 $441,634,672,197 $183,477,522,124
2005 $418,284,865,885 $145,513,489,652
2004 $403,912,891,033 $112,451,400,425
2003 $362,075,086,508 $83,620,628,582
2002 $309,301,422,430 $92,893,587,734
2001 $286,582,672,434 $122,911,036,747
2000 $279,216,033,870 $117,146,466,003
1999 $297,873,643,323 $97,972,842,462
1998 $303,459,014,347 $91,336,763,255
1997 $294,788,198,856 $85,837,678,560
1996 $340,103,959,547 $70,543,211,119
1995 $352,835,806,342 $77,389,487,770
1994 $301,375,055,202 $58,418,666,667
1993 $272,237,527,071 $60,037,460,783
1992 $279,921,425,828 $60,416,519,620
1991 $268,901,693,863 $53,453,444,787
1990 $265,763,573,999 $48,606,952,195
1989 $208,105,846,934 $43,536,709,104
1988 $215,540,625,299 $60,226,413,793
1987 $199,236,370,038 $48,029,034,483
1986 $159,089,921,063 $60,516,123,711
1985 $110,980,314,192 $61,965,466,667
1984 $109,455,312,168 $59,867,743,468
1983 $114,634,358,535 $67,556,279,070
1982 $115,043,365,512 $67,736,744,186
1981 $112,244,805,519 $66,327,441,860
1980 $122,557,843,886 $59,116,511,628
1979 $114,970,094,425 $48,310,930,233
1978 $102,280,472,036 $39,316,279,070
1977 $73,135,771,167 $36,210,697,674
1976 $68,476,524,644 $31,419,534,884
1975 $65,466,081,819 $27,464,651,163
1974 $57,103,011,446 $26,100,930,233
1973 $49,550,006,320 $17,035,581,395
1972 $36,844,318,854 $13,977,727,273
1971 $30,040,171,751 $12,986,590,909
1970 $24,998,066,773 $11,561,111,111
1969 $22,442,043,274 $10,285,111,111
1968 $20,712,102,794 $10,034,444,444
1967 $19,397,044,714 $9,250,000,000
1966 $18,019,402,374 $8,781,333,333
1965 $16,780,226,225 $8,427,777,778
1964 $15,833,133,858 $8,192,413,793
1963 $14,283,872,299 $9,608,717,288
1962 $12,989,649,694 $8,814,309,884
1961 $11,713,348,834 $8,067,267,031
1960 $10,412,232,621 $7,663,938,303

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/switzerland/venezuela | CC BY

GDP per capita in Switzerland vs Venezuela by year

Switzerland
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Venezuela
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Switzerland Venezuela
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $103,998 $96,498 $4,218 -
2023 $100,624 $95,142 $3,617 -
2022 $94,395 $94,421 $3,155 -
2021 $93,665 $81,001 $2,005 -
2020 $85,898 $72,998 $1,506 -
2019 $84,122 $73,732 $2,523 -
2018 $85,217 $70,689 $3,423 -
2017 $82,254 $68,194 $3,791 -
2016 $82,153 $67,351 $3,670 -
2015 $83,806 $65,265 $4,103 -
2014 $88,725 $63,417 $7,096 -
2013 $87,304 $61,656 $8,656 -
2012 $85,836 $59,441 $12,607 -
2011 $90,477 $57,494 $10,844 $21,241
2010 $76,531 $54,426 $13,646 $20,236
2009 $71,568 $52,999 $11,597 $20,562
2008 $74,175 $53,809 $11,262 $21,402
2007 $64,989 $50,928 $8,332 $20,236
2006 $59,011 $46,266 $6,739 $18,399
2005 $56,243 $41,525 $5,432 $16,511
2004 $54,659 $40,171 $4,269 $14,757
2003 $49,336 $38,732 $3,230 $12,359
2002 $42,459 $38,705 $3,652 $13,375
2001 $39,639 $37,819 $4,920 $14,714
2000 $38,865 $36,703 $4,776 $14,174
1999 $41,696 $34,743 $4,071 $13,623
1998 $42,681 $33,860 $3,870 $14,568
1997 $41,584 $32,736 $3,711 $14,655
1996 $48,093 $31,509 $3,113 $13,824
1995 $50,114 $30,842 $3,487 $13,890
1994 $43,092 $30,265 $2,689 $13,370
1993 $39,237 $29,495 $2,825 $13,702
1992 $40,714 $29,113 $2,907 $13,652
1991 $39,544 $28,792 $2,633 $12,880
1990 $39,575 $28,461 $2,452 $11,628
1989 $31,309 - $2,250 -
1988 $32,690 - $3,191 -
1987 $30,441 - $2,611 -
1986 $24,460 - $3,376 -
1985 $17,152 - $3,549 -
1984 $16,991 - $3,520 -
1983 $17,859 - $4,079 -
1982 $18,000 - $4,202 -
1981 $17,665 - $4,228 -
1980 $19,394 - $3,874 -
1979 $18,266 - $3,257 -
1978 $16,282 - $2,727 -
1977 $11,644 - $2,585 -
1976 $10,865 - $2,309 -
1975 $10,328 - $2,078 -
1974 $9,005 - $2,034 -
1973 $7,856 - $1,367 -
1972 $5,885 - $1,155 -
1971 $4,835 - $1,106 -
1970 $4,044 - $1,015 -
1969 $3,657 - $932 -
1968 $3,413 - $938 -
1967 $3,237 - $893 -
1966 $3,045 - $876 -
1965 $2,865 - $869 -
1964 $2,735 - $874 -
1963 $2,508 - $1,060 -
1962 $2,330 - $1,007 -
1961 $2,155 - $954 -
1960 $1,954 - $939 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/switzerland/venezuela | CC BY

Switzerland's GDP per capita is $103,998, ranking 5/197, compared to $4,218 in Venezuela, ranking 128/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Switzerland ranks 8th at $96,498, while Venezuela ranks 93rd at $21,241.

Economic indicators

Switzerland Venezuela
Gross domestic product
$937B
2024
$120B
2024
GDP rank
20/197
2024
65/197
2024
GDP growth
1.3%
2023-2024
5.3%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$103,998
2024
$4,218
2024
GDP per capita rank
5/197
2024
128/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$96,498
2024
$21,241
2011
GDP per capita PPP rank
8/197
2024
93/197
2011
Government debt
$351B
2024
$197B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
37.5%
2024
164.3%
2024
Government debt per person
$39,021
2024
$6,931
2024
Government debt per person rank
15/185
2024
69/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$85,867
2026
$3,792
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$1.97T
2024
$3.98B
2002
Number of millionaires
1,119,000
2025
n/a
Number of billionaires
42
2025
1
2025
Income share by richest 10%
26.6%
2022
33.2%
2006
Income share by poorest 10%
2.9%
2022
1.2%
2006
Government expenditure, % of GDP
31.9%
2024
17.6%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
1.06%
2023-2024
49%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate
0%
2025
58.4%
2025
Unemployment rate
4.34%
2024
7.53%
2020
Population
9107866
28661242

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Switzerland
Spending

Debt
Venezuela
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Switzerland Venezuela
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 31.9% 37.5% 17.6% 164.3%
2023 32.1% 38.7% 13.1% 138.5%
2022 31.6% 37.2% 15.1% 164.4%
2021 34.4% 41% 13.1% 254.2%
2020 37% 43.2% 11.2% 337%
2019 32% 39.6% 21% 206%
2018 31.7% 39.8% 37.9% 175.3%
2017 32.4% 41.8% 21.8% 133.6%
2016 32.4% 40.9% 19.7% 138.4%
2015 32.5% 42.2% 22.9% 129.8%
2014 32.2% 42.1% 31.6% 84.9%
2013 32.5% 41.9% 36.5% 85.4%
2012 31.7% 42.6% 38% 58.4%
2011 31.4% 41.9% 39.4% 52.5%
2010 31.4% 41.5% 31.1% 37.7%
2009 31.8% 43.1% 33.3% 27.6%
2008 30% 44.8% 34.9% 20.3%
2007 29.4% 44.8% 35.9% 26.4%
2006 30.5% 48.5% 39.3% 25.7%
2005 32.4% 54.9% 33.5% 34.9%
2004 33.1% 57.8% 31.9% 41.8%
2003 33.2% 56.9% 32.2% 56%
2002 34.1% 57.7% 31% 48.2%
2001 31.6% 51.1% 31.9% 30.7%
2000 32.2% 52.2% 28.3% 27.7%
1999 33.2% 52.7% 26.1% 29.6%
1998 32.7% 55.9% 28.8% 30.7%
1997 32.9% 53.7% 31% 34.8%
1996 33% 51.3% 27.7% 45.9%
1995 32.4% 50% 32.9% 45.9%
1994 32.5% 47.1% 42.2% 63.9%
1993 32.5% 44.4% 27.7% 57.7%
1992 31.3% 39.5% 30.6% 54.8%
1991 29.5% 35.1% 33.9% 62.2%
1990 27.6% 33.3% 31.9% 63.3%
1989 30% 32.5% 32.5% 61.8%
1988 30.3% 35% 33.2% 46.3%
1987 29.8% 36.5% 25.1% 58.3%
1986 29.8% 37.6% 21.5% 45.9%
1985 30.1% 39.1% 20.3% 34.1%
1984 30.4% 39.8% 19.7% 36.4%
1983 31.2% 40.2% 25.3% 21.4%
1982 30.5% 40% 29% 18.6%
1981 29.4% 40.8% 29.6% 18.9%
1980 29.9% 43.9% 22% 16.6%
1979 30.5% 44.6% 22.3% 19.2%
1978 30.4% 46.6% 29.2% 16.6%
1977 31% 46.9% 30.6% 12.7%
1976 31.6% 46.7% 26.6% 9.64%
1975 29.3% 42.3% 33.8% 8.31%
1974 27.5% 38.4% 35.3% 7.72%
1973 26.5% 37% 20% 9.78%
1972 25.7% 38% 21.3% 10.6%
1971 25.4% 38.7% 19.6% 9.64%
1970 25.8% 38.9% 19.5% 10.6%
1969 9.45% 7.08% 21% 9.91%
1968 8.87% 6.99% 19.8% 7.84%
1967 8.68% 7.26% 19.8% 6.74%
1966 8.95% 7.62% 19.1% 5.84%
1965 8.33% 8.28% 18.7% 5.46%
1964 8.85% 9.43% 17.9% 4.95%
1963 8.2% 10.8% 18.7% 6.3%
1962 8.1% 12% 17.6% 7.24%
1961 7.97% 14% 11.8% 8.79%
1960 7.11% 16.2% 23.7% 8.28%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1997, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/switzerland/venezuela | CC BY

In 2024, Switzerland's government spending was $299B, accounting for 31.9% of its GDP, while Venezuela spent $21.1B, or 17.6% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 37.5% in Switzerland and 164.3% in Venezuela, ranking 141/185 and 5/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Switzerland

Venezuela
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Switzerland Venezuela
2024 0.58% -3.6%
2023 0.12% -1.25%
2022 1.19% -5.29%
2021 -0.29% -5.85%
2020 -3.01% -6.63%
2019 1.34% -10.9%
2018 1.29% -31%
2017 1.13% -13.3%
2016 0.24% -8.46%
2015 0.55% -8.06%
2014 -0.25% -9.81%
2013 -0.43% -10.4%
2012 0.24% -9.86%
2011 0.68% -8.24%
2010 0.35% -4.74%
2009 0.5% -8.69%
2008 1.93% -3.46%
2007 1.57% -2.82%
2006 0.85% -1.6%
2005 -0.65% 4.09%
2004 -1.39% 2.47%
2003 -1.36% 0.17%
2002 -1.75% -1.48%
2001 0.21% -4.59%
2000 0.28% 4.45%
1999 -1.57% 0.74%
1998 -1.31% -4.49%
1997 -2.33% 2.58%
1996 -2.01% 7.94%
1995 -1.86% -5.86%
1994 -2.59% -11.2%
1993 -3.15% -2.92%
1992 -2.96% -6.37%
1991 -1.85% -2.28%
1990 -0.05% 3.84%
1989 0.2% -0.91%
1988 0.42% -9.24%
1987 0.78% -7.47%
1986 0.93% 0.82%
1985 -0.25% 6.97%
1984 -0.52% 5.33%
1983 -1.23% 1.24%
1982 -1.21% -0.17%
1981 -0.54% 4.74%
1980 -1.34% 4.41%
1979 -1.79% -3.07%
1978 -1.12% -5.44%
1977 -1.64% -4.69%
1976 -1.89% 1.65%
1975 -0.93% 0.88%
1974 -1.01% 2.76%
1973 -0.93% 1.98%
1972 -1.39% 0.42%
1971 -1.41% 0.78%
1970 -1.44% -1.22%
1969 -0.98% -2.17%
1968 -0.73% -0.32%
1967 -1.07% 0.51%
1966 -0.87% 0.23%
1965 0.05% 0.39%
1964 0.77% 1.91%
1963 0.25% 1.92%
1962 0.95% 2.14%
1961 0.34% -1.91%
1960 1.95% -4.08%
1959 0.72% -4.98%
1958 0.59% -4.86%
1957 0.66% 6.7%
1956 2.24% 0.76%
1955 1.1% 0.38%
1954 1.44% 1.84%
1953 0.38% 0.03%
1952 -1.17% -0.5%
1951 -0.36% -0.24%
1950 1.49% -0.23%
1949 0.04% 0.15%
1948 1.37% 1.27%
1947 1.27% 0.09%
1946 0.52% -0.9%
1945 -7.57% 2.9%
1944 -9.37% 1.85%
1943 -8.55% -0.27%
1942 -7.28% 0.2%
1941 -8.78% 0.01%
1940 -10% -1.07%
1939 -5.05% -0.78%
1938 -1.53% 0.68%
1937 -0.17% 0.73%
1936 -0.33% -0.52%
1935 -0.23% -2.23%
1934 -0.33% 1.34%
1933 -0.88% 1.03%
1932 -0.3% 0.51%
1931 0.03% 1.02%
1930 0.07% -2.03%
1929 0.22% -0.34%
1928 - -0.68%
1927 - 1.55%
1926 - 0.14%
1925 - 0.54%
1924 - 0.37%
1923 - 1.32%
1922 - 1.57%
1921 - -0.97%
1920 - -1.75%
1919 - -
1918 - -
1917 - -
1916 - -
1915 - -
1914 - -
1913 -0.12% -
1912 0.03% -
1911 -0.006% -
1910 -0.14% -
1909 -0.78% -
1908 -0.1% -
1907 -0.02% -
1906 0.15% -
1905 0.41% -
1904 0.002% -
1903 0.09% -
1902 0.02% -
1901 -0.14% -
1900 -0.07% -
1899 0.1% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1899–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/switzerland/venezuela | CC BY

In 2024, Switzerland's government surplus, the difference between spending and revenue, was $5.4B, equivalent to 0.58% of GDP. This compares to Venezuela's deficit of $4.31B, or 3.6% of GDP.

Over the past 65 years, Switzerland recorded a fiscal deficit in 38 of those years, while Venezuela ran a deficit in 39 years. On average, Switzerland posted an annual deficit equal to 0.48% of GDP, compared to deficit of 2.59% of GDP for Venezuela.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Switzerland

Venezuela
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Switzerland Venezuela
2024 1.06% 49%
2023 2.14% 338%
2022 2.84% 186.5%
2021 0.58% 1,589%
2020 -0.73% 2,355%
2019 0.36% 19,906%
2018 0.94% 65,374%
2017 0.53% 438%
2016 -0.43% 254.9%
2015 -1.14% 121.7%
2014 -0.01% 62.2%
2013 -0.22% 40.6%
2012 -0.69% 21.1%
2011 0.23% 26.1%
2010 0.69% 28.2%
2009 -0.48% 26%
2008 2.43% 31.4%
2007 0.73% 18.7%
2006 1.06% 13.7%
2005 1.17% 16%
2004 0.8% 21.7%
2003 0.64% 31.1%
2002 0.64% 22.4%
2001 0.99% 12.5%
2000 1.56% 16.2%
1999 0.81% 23.6%
1998 0.02% 35.8%
1997 0.52% 50%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | World Economic Outlook (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/switzerland/venezuela | CC BY

Over the past 28 years, Switzerland has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 0.61%, compared with 3,254% in Venezuela. In 2024, inflation was 1.06% in Switzerland and 49% in Venezuela.

Top exports between countries

Switzerland
Export category Export value
Precious metals & jewellery $29.8M
Machinery & equipment $4.52M
Chemicals & pharma $3.65M
Textiles & consumer goods $1.84M
Raw materials & minerals $491K
Transport & tourism services $448K
Metals $203K
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $135K
Wood & paper products $76K
Animal & marine products $41K
Venezuela
Export category Export value
Chemicals & pharma $5.08M
Machinery & equipment $11K
Animal & marine products $4K

Balance of trade

Switzerland Venezuela
Current account balance
$72B
2024
-$3.87B
2016
Current account balance ranking
10/190
2024
161/190
2016
Current account balance, % of GDP
+7.69%
2024
-3.43%
2016
Goods imports
$371B
2024
$16.3B
2016
Goods exports
$502B
2024
$27.4B
2016
Service imports
$203B
2024
$9.47B
2016
Service exports
$186B
2024
$1.28B
2016
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
61.9%
2024
9.22%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
72.2%
2024
16.9%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Switzerland Venezuela
Economic freedom 83.7 27.3
Economic freedom ranking 2/197 194/197
Property rights 94.4 0
Government integrity 93.3 6.9
Judicial effectiveness 98.3 5.1
Tax burden 70.9 73.4
Government spending 69.5 93
Fiscal health 97.2 29.1
Business freedom 86.3 31.1
Labor freedom 60 35.5
Monetary freedom 82.3 0
Trade freedom 87 43.2
Investment freedom 85 0
Financial freedom 80 10

Economic freedom comparison by year

Switzerland
Venezuela
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Switzerland Venezuela
2026 83.7 27.3
2025 83.7 27.6
2024 83 28.1
2023 83.8 25.8
2022 84.2 24.8
2021 81.9 24.7
2020 82 25.2
2019 81.9 25.9
2018 81.7 25.2
2017 81.5 27
2016 81 33.7
2015 80.5 34.3
2014 81.6 36.3
2013 81 36.1
2012 81.1 38.1
2011 81.9 37.6
2010 81.1 37.1
2009 79.4 39.9
2008 79.5 44.7
2007 78 47.9
2006 78.9 44.6
2005 79.3 45.2
2004 79.5 46.7
2003 79 54.8
2002 79.3 54.7
2001 76 54.6
2000 76.8 57.4
1999 79.1 56.1
1998 79 54
1997 78.6 52.8
1996 76.8 54.5
1995 - 59.8

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/switzerland/venezuela | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Switzerland is 83.7, ranking 2/197, compared to 27.3 for Venezuela, ranking 194/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Switzerland Venezuela
Services, % of GDP
72%
2024
51.7%
2014
Industry, % of GDP
24.7%
2024
37.2%
2014
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
0.63%
2024
5.03%
2014
GNI, Atlas method
$857B
2024
$109B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$93,420
2024
$20,800
2011
Total reserves including gold
$909B
2024
$9.79B
2017
Total reserves ranking
4/177
2024
77/177
2017
Net foreign direct investment
$59.7B
2024
-$27M
2016
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
-$108B
2024
$1.63B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
-$27.9B
2024
$2.6B
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
15.8%
2021
33.1%
2015
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
27%
2024
4.9%
2024

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/switzerland/venezuela | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1899–1997, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2013–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.