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Economy of Belgium vs Saint Lucia compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank

Belgium has a GDP of $725B compared to $2.66B for Saint Lucia, ranking 23/197 and 173/197 by economy size, respectively.

Belgium has $771B in government debt (106.3% of GDP), compared to $2.05B (77.1% of GDP) in Saint Lucia.

Belgium vs Saint Lucia GDP by year

Belgium
Saint Lucia
1x
Year GDP, current $
Belgium Saint Lucia
2025 $725,466,462,860 $2,656,444,444
2024 $670,983,130,619 $2,605,148,148
2023 $650,779,364,364 $2,441,259,259
2022 $591,474,463,579 $2,319,888,889
2021 $598,522,422,242 $1,871,111,111
2020 $529,694,473,502 $1,521,740,741
2019 $536,726,344,405 $2,090,074,074
2018 $542,638,913,428 $2,060,955,556
2017 $500,908,767,352 $1,998,503,704
2016 $474,271,566,740 $1,868,544,444
2015 $461,044,767,545 $1,807,640,741
2014 $537,987,419,164 $1,749,185,185
2013 $524,097,026,599 $1,660,392,593
2012 $498,414,364,945 $1,598,207,407
2011 $527,196,649,049 $1,568,370,370
2010 $481,556,503,720 $1,482,385,185
2009 $485,014,525,992 $1,401,507,889
2008 $517,328,087,920 $1,437,731,111
2007 $470,922,156,309 $1,336,088,815
2006 $408,259,840,869 $1,268,319,185
2005 $385,714,762,230 $1,135,555,556
2004 $369,214,712,443 $1,066,666,667
2003 $318,082,528,507 $987,407,407
2002 $258,383,599,375 $900,000,000
2001 $236,746,141,604 $892,592,593
2000 $236,792,460,312 $932,592,593
1999 $258,245,733,221 $921,851,852
1998 $258,528,339,631 $877,407,407
1997 $252,708,051,421 $805,925,926
1996 $279,201,433,225 $788,888,889
1995 $288,025,588,396 $762,962,963
1994 $244,884,129,491 $713,703,704
1993 $224,721,795,709 $684,814,815
1992 $234,781,652,447 $674,074,074
1991 $210,510,999,409 $613,703,704
1990 $205,331,747,948 $579,629,630
1989 $164,221,056,511 $486,666,667
1988 $162,299,103,675 $429,629,630
1987 $149,394,404,106 $375,555,556
1986 $120,018,787,249 $340,000,000
1985 $86,268,264,148 $284,444,444
1984 $83,349,530,159 $251,481,481
1983 $87,184,239,053 $197,037,037
1982 $92,095,926,188 $183,333,333
1981 $104,730,018,470 $194,444,444
1980 $126,829,314,388 $170,370,370
1979 $116,315,456,797 -
1978 $101,246,526,194 -
1977 $82,839,905,459 -
1976 $71,113,882,968 -
1975 $65,678,189,097 -
1974 $56,033,077,879 -
1973 $47,743,801,490 -
1972 $37,209,418,019 -
1971 $29,821,661,870 -
1970 $26,706,196,047 -
1969 $24,019,653,475 -
1968 $21,654,856,965 -
1967 $20,252,508,995 -
1966 $18,894,891,312 -
1965 $17,597,783,297 -
1964 $16,168,044,450 -
1963 $14,445,805,381 -
1962 $13,436,827,167 -
1961 $12,561,701,694 -
1960 $11,810,619,368 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/belgium/saint-lucia | CC BY

GDP per capita in Belgium vs Saint Lucia by year

Belgium
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Saint Lucia
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Belgium Saint Lucia
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2025 $60,750 - $14,746 -
2024 $56,582 $73,514 $14,494 $27,567
2023 $55,245 $71,946 $13,617 $25,975
2022 $50,639 $69,128 $12,976 $24,599
2021 $51,658 $60,669 $10,481 $19,101
2020 $45,906 $56,120 $8,537 $14,912
2019 $46,717 $56,712 $11,764 $18,710
2018 $47,487 $52,467 $11,643 $17,433
2017 $44,035 $50,256 $11,333 $16,131
2016 $41,855 $48,415 $10,638 $15,307
2015 $40,894 $46,072 $10,335 $14,353
2014 $47,996 $45,148 $10,045 $14,403
2013 $46,965 $43,864 $9,577 $14,010
2012 $44,874 $42,484 $9,260 $13,443
2011 $47,761 $41,245 $9,129 $13,471
2010 $44,197 $39,840 $8,674 $12,718
2009 $44,923 $37,906 $8,251 $12,600
2008 $48,303 $37,883 $8,517 $12,969
2007 $44,319 $36,798 $7,964 $12,199
2006 $38,705 $35,251 $7,611 $11,758
2005 $36,810 $33,178 $6,863 $10,818
2004 $35,429 $32,060 $6,495 $10,610
2003 $30,655 $30,931 $6,059 $9,707
2002 $25,006 $30,282 $5,568 $9,205
2001 $23,015 $28,794 $5,570 $9,106
2000 $23,099 $27,794 $5,880 $9,314
1999 $25,253 $25,441 $5,883 $9,214
1998 $25,338 $24,370 $5,673 $8,965
1997 $24,821 $23,733 $5,282 $8,456
1996 $27,490 $22,745 $5,244 $8,490
1995 $28,414 $22,446 $5,148 $8,222
1994 $24,209 $21,518 $4,892 $8,041
1993 $22,284 $20,473 $4,765 $7,865
1992 $23,373 $20,272 $4,760 $7,753
1991 $21,042 $19,601 $4,399 $7,127
1990 $20,600 $18,688 $4,205 $6,951
1989 $16,525 - $3,565 -
1988 $16,391 - $3,182 -
1987 $15,136 - $2,819 -
1986 $12,170 - $2,591 -
1985 $8,751 - $2,202 -
1984 $8,457 - $1,979 -
1983 $8,846 - $1,576 -
1982 $9,344 - $1,489 -
1981 $10,623 - $1,605 -
1980 $12,864 - $1,428 -
1979 $11,811 - - -
1978 $10,290 - - -
1977 $8,427 - - -
1976 $7,243 - - -
1975 $6,701 - - -
1974 $5,734 - - -
1973 $4,901 - - -
1972 $3,832 - - -
1971 $3,083 - - -
1970 $2,766 - - -
1969 $2,490 - - -
1968 $2,251 - - -
1967 $2,114 - - -
1966 $1,983 - - -
1965 $1,860 - - -
1964 $1,724 - - -
1963 $1,555 - - -
1962 $1,457 - - -
1961 $1,368 - - -
1960 $1,290 - - -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/belgium/saint-lucia | CC BY

Belgium's GDP per capita is $60,750, ranking 17/197, compared to $14,746 in Saint Lucia, ranking 72/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Belgium ranks 21st at $73,514, while Saint Lucia ranks 75th at $27,567.

Economic indicators

Belgium Saint Lucia
Gross domestic product
$725B
2025
$2.66B
2025
GDP rank
23/197
2025
173/197
2025
GDP growth
0.98%
2024-2025
-0.57%
2024-2025
GDP per capita
$60,750
2025
$14,746
2025
GDP per capita rank
17/197
2025
72/197
2025
GDP per capita, PPP
$73,514
2024
$27,567
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
21/197
2024
75/197
2024
Government debt
$771B
2025
$2.05B
2025
Debt-to-GDP ratio
106.3%
2025
77.1%
2025
Government debt per person
$64,598
2025
$11,365
2025
Government debt per person rank
4/185
2025
53/185
2025
Average annual personal income after taxes
$35,730
2026
$12,464
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$321B
2018
n/a
Number of millionaires
556,000
2026
n/a
Number of billionaires
11
2026
n/a
Income share by richest 10%
22.2%
2023
34.1%
2015
Income share by poorest 10%
3.7%
2023
2.1%
2015
Government expenditure, % of GDP
55%
2025
25.2%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
2.47%
2024-2025
2.03%
2024-2025
Unemployment rate
6.2%
2025
7.66%
2025
Population
11967185
180676

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Belgium
Spending

Debt
Saint Lucia
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Belgium Saint Lucia
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2025 55% 106.3% 25.2% 77.1%
2024 54.1% 103.9% 24.4% 76.7%
2023 52.8% 102.2% 25.3% 75.2%
2022 52.5% 103.1% 23.8% 73.9%
2021 54.9% 108.5% 26.7% 81.9%
2020 58.5% 111.2% 33.1% 94.4%
2019 51.8% 97.6% 24.6% 62.1%
2018 52.5% 100.1% 23.2% 60.3%
2017 52.3% 102.5% 23% 59.9%
2016 53.4% 105.5% 22.6% 60.2%
2015 53.9% 105.6% 22.1% 60.6%
2014 55.4% 106.6% 22.6% 61.9%
2013 55.9% 105% 24.3% 61.2%
2012 56.2% 104.3% 27.1% 60.2%
2011 55% 102.7% 26.9% 54.9%
2010 53.9% 100.2% 25.6% 52.2%
2009 54.5% 99.9% 24.2% 50.2%
2008 50.8% 93.2% 22.3% 46.9%
2007 48.6% 87.3% 22.2% 48.2%
2006 48.8% 91.5% 24.4% 48%
2005 51.9% 95.1% 25.3% 50.4%
2004 49.3% 97.2% 22.5% 48.8%
2003 51% 101.7% 22.5% 44.7%
2002 49.9% 105.4% 23% 47.7%
2001 49.4% 108.2% 22% 38%
2000 49.4% 109.6% 20.9% 32.8%
1999 50.5% 115.4% 20.9% 28.8%
1998 51% 119.2% 18.6% 29.1%
1997 51.6% 124.3% 19% 26.6%
1996 53.1% 129% 18.8% 23.9%
1995 52.6% 131.3% 19% 22.7%
1994 54.7% 137.1% 18.7% 23.4%
1993 57.1% 138.9% 21.6% 22.7%
1992 55.9% 134.7% 18.3% 22.1%
1991 55.6% 131.8% 18% 19.3%
1990 54.4% 130.3% 16.5% 16.7%
1989 52.3% 126.4% 19% 18.1%
1988 53.9% 129.7% 18.2% 18.6%
1987 55.8% 129.2% 19.9% 19.6%
1986 57.6% 124.7% 21.1% 17.2%
1985 58.4% 119.4% 20.4% 17.1%
1984 59.1% 114.6% - -
1983 62.2% 110.3% - -
1982 59.6% 99.6% - -
1981 61.5% 89.7% - -
1980 54.9% 76.8% - -
1979 54.8% 69.2% - -
1978 52.8% 65.2% - -
1977 52.2% 61.6% - -
1976 50.4% 61.4% - -
1975 50.2% 59.5% - -
1974 44.5% 61.7% - -
1973 45% 63.7% - -
1972 45% 64.9% - -
1971 43.9% 63.5% - -
1970 42.7% 66.6% - -
1969 26.5% 51.6% - -
1968 26.7% 54.5% - -
1967 25.5% 54.1% - -
1966 25.1% 55.6% - -
1965 23.4% 57.6% - -
1964 22.5% 59.4% - -
1963 23.1% 64.1% - -
1962 22.5% 65.3% - -
1961 22.1% 67.8% - -
1960 23.7% 69.4% - -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/belgium/saint-lucia | CC BY

In 2025, Belgium's government spending was $399B, accounting for 55% of its GDP, while Saint Lucia spent $671M, or 25.2% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 106.3% in Belgium and 77.1% in Saint Lucia, ranking 17/185 and 48/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Belgium

Saint Lucia
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Belgium Saint Lucia
2025 -5.26% -2.88%
2024 -4.36% -1.81%
2023 -4.01% -3.18%
2022 -3.6% -2.48%
2021 -5.4% -5.35%
2020 -9.03% -11.5%
2019 -2.05% -2.95%
2018 -1.05% -1.22%
2017 -0.76% -2.09%
2016 -2.43% -1.53%
2015 -2.48% -1.18%
2014 -3.18% -2.29%
2013 -3.16% -3.98%
2012 -4.35% -6.93%
2011 -4.44% -5.35%
2010 -4.13% -4.11%
2009 -5.45% -2.63%
2008 -1.1% -0.72%
2007 0.07% -1.59%
2006 0.24% -5.01%
2005 -2.72% -6%
2004 -0.24% -2.58%
2003 -1.86% -3.17%
2002 -0.04% -3.03%
2001 0.23% -3.07%
2000 -0.08% -1.17%
1999 -0.65% 1.61%
1998 -1.03% 2.22%
1997 -2.15% -1.1%
1996 -4% -0.57%
1995 -4.51% -0.13%
1994 -5.29% -0.02%
1993 -7.71% -0.25%
1992 -8.42% -0.66%
1991 -7.67% -0.42%
1990 -6.99% 0.29%
1989 -7.58% 0.89%
1988 -7.28% 2.02%
1987 -7.89% 0.56%
1986 -9.96% -1.61%
1985 -10.1% -1.5%
1984 -10.8% -
1983 -14.5% -
1982 -12.3% -
1981 -15.5% -
1980 -9.43% -
1979 -8.33% -
1978 -6.51% -
1977 -6.51% -
1976 -6.61% -
1975 -6.45% -
1974 -3.87% -
1973 -5.02% -
1972 -6.07% -
1971 -4.45% -
1970 -3.51% -
1969 -3.34% -
1968 -3.69% -
1967 -2.76% -
1966 -3.08% -
1965 -2.9% -
1964 -2.27% -
1963 -2.8% -
1962 -2.12% -
1961 -2.34% -
1960 -4.89% -
1959 -5.21% -
1958 -4.33% -
1957 -1.27% -
1956 1.85% -
1955 -1.05% -
1954 2.34% -
1953 0.14% -
1952 -0.26% -
1951 0.59% -
1950 -2.01% -
1949 -2.05% -
1948 -2.29% -
1947 -14.5% -
1946 1.87% -
1945 - -
1944 - -
1943 -5.81% -
1942 - -
1941 - -
1940 - -
1939 -6.86% -
1938 -5.17% -
1937 -4.71% -
1936 -4.92% -
1935 -5.94% -
1934 -2.78% -
1933 -1.69% -
1932 - -
1931 - -
1930 -2.48% -
1929 - -
1928 - -
1927 3.06% -
1926 - -
1925 - -
1924 -5.53% -
1923 - -
1922 - -
1921 - -
1920 - -
1919 - -
1918 - -
1917 - -
1916 - -
1915 - -
1914 - -
1913 -1.4% -
1912 -1.39% -
1911 -0.92% -
1910 -0.18% -
1909 0.13% -
1908 -0.95% -
1907 -0.81% -
1906 -1.35% -
1905 1.23% -
1904 0.004% -
1903 0.08% -
1902 0.22% -
1901 0.55% -
1900 -0.54% -
1899 -1.64% -
1898 -0.28% -
1897 -0.25% -
1896 0.94% -
1895 -0.33% -
1894 0.06% -
1893 0.07% -
1892 0.17% -
1891 -0.005% -
1890 -0.83% -
1889 0.3% -
1888 -0.21% -
1887 -0.12% -
1886 0.54% -
1885 -0.43% -
1884 -0.26% -
1883 -0.54% -
1882 -0.3% -
1881 0.08% -
1880 0.12% -
1879 -1.51% -
1878 -1.78% -
1877 -2.52% -
1876 -0.77% -
1875 -0.88% -
1874 -1.02% -
1873 -2.08% -
1872 -0.7% -
1871 -0.64% -
1870 -0.58% -
1869 -0.35% -
1868 -0.39% -
1867 -0.49% -
1866 -0.87% -
1865 -0.55% -
1864 -0.62% -
1863 -0.72% -
1862 -0.49% -
1861 -0.22% -
1860 -0.13% -
1859 0.1% -
1858 0.35% -
1857 0% -
1856 -0.26% -
1855 -0.28% -
1854 -0.4% -
1853 -0.3% -
1852 -0.44% -
1851 -0.05% -
1850 -0.11% -
1849 0.11% -
1848 -1.41% -
1847 -0.69% -
1846 -0.52% -
1845 -1.17% -
1844 -4.92% -
1843 -0.86% -
1842 -0.89% -
1841 -0.75% -
1840 0.16% -
1839 -0.43% -
1838 0.23% -
1837 -0.11% -
1836 0.18% -
1835 0.27% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1835–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/belgium/saint-lucia | CC BY

In 2025, Belgium's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $38.1B, equivalent to 5.26% of GDP. This compares to Saint Lucia's deficit of $76.5M, or 2.88% of GDP.

Over the past 41 years, Belgium recorded a fiscal deficit in 38 of those years, while Saint Lucia ran a deficit in 35 years. On average, Belgium posted an annual deficit equal to 3.95% of GDP, compared to deficit of 2.11% of GDP for Saint Lucia.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Belgium

Saint Lucia
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Belgium Saint Lucia
2025 2.47% 2.03%
2024 3.14% -0.67%
2023 4.05% 3.82%
2022 9.6% 9.65%
2021 2.44% 2.41%
2020 0.74% -1.76%
2019 1.44% 0.54%
2018 2.05% 1.94%
2017 2.13% 0.1%
2016 1.97% -3.08%
2015 0.56% -0.98%
2014 0.34% 3.52%
2013 1.11% 1.47%
2012 2.84% 4.18%
2011 3.53% 2.77%
2010 2.19% 3.25%
2009 -0.05% -0.16%
2008 4.49% 5.55%
2007 1.82% 2.82%
2006 1.79% 2.4%
2005 2.78% 3.9%
2004 2.1% 1.46%
2003 1.59% 1.03%
2002 1.65% -0.26%
2001 2.47% 5.31%
2000 2.54% 3.71%
1999 1.12% 3.5%
1998 0.95% 3.2%
1997 1.63% -0.006%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/belgium/saint-lucia | CC BY

Over the past 29 years, Belgium has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 2.26%, compared with 2.13% in Saint Lucia. In 2025, inflation was 2.47% in Belgium and 2.03% in Saint Lucia.

Top exports between countries

Belgium
Export category Export value
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $1.25M
Raw agricultural goods $899K
Machinery & equipment $873K
Metals $155K
Raw materials & minerals $81K
Textiles & consumer goods $65K
Chemicals & pharma $63K
Animal & marine products $29K
Wood & paper products $13K
Saint Lucia
Export category Export value

Balance of trade

Belgium Saint Lucia
Current account balance
-$14B
2025
-$166M
2025
Current account balance ranking
179/190
2025
89/190
2025
Current account balance, % of GDP
-1.93%
2025
-6.26%
2025
Goods imports
$386B
2025
$834M
2025
Goods exports
$387B
2025
$144M
2025
Service imports
$175B
2025
$672M
2025
Service exports
$160B
2025
$1.4B
2025
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
77.5%
2025
n/a
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
75.5%
2025
19%
2026

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Belgium Saint Lucia
Economic freedom 69.2 67.5
Economic freedom ranking 42/197 57/197
Property rights 91.1 64.3
Government integrity 78.2 59.7
Judicial effectiveness 91.6 77.3
Tax burden 50.6 77.7
Government spending 14.6 82.6
Fiscal health 53.4 80
Business freedom 82.5 71.9
Labor freedom 57.5 65.2
Monetary freedom 76.8 81
Trade freedom 79.4 60
Investment freedom 85 50
Financial freedom 70 40

Economic freedom comparison by year

Belgium
Saint Lucia
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Belgium Saint Lucia
2026 69.2 67.5
2025 69 67
2024 65.6 62.2
2023 67.1 60.7
2022 69.6 64.3
2021 70.1 67.5
2020 68.9 68.2
2019 67.3 68.7
2018 67.5 67.6
2017 67.8 65
2016 68.4 70
2015 68.8 70.2
2014 69.9 70.7
2013 69.2 70.4
2012 69 71.3
2011 70.2 70.8
2010 70.1 70.5
2009 72.1 68.8
2008 71.7 -
2007 72.5 -
2006 71.8 -
2005 69 -
2004 68.7 -
2003 68.1 -
2002 67.6 -
2001 63.8 -
2000 63.5 -
1999 62.9 -
1998 64.7 -
1997 64.6 -
1996 66 -

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1996–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/belgium/saint-lucia | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Belgium is 69.2, ranking 42/197, compared to 67.5 for Saint Lucia, ranking 57/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Belgium Saint Lucia
Services, % of GDP
71.2%
2025
73.8%
2025
Industry, % of GDP
18.6%
2025
10.7%
2025
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
0.73%
2025
1.66%
2025
GNI, Atlas method
$711B
2025
$2.42B
2025
GNI per capita, PPP
$75,620
2025
$26,180
2025
Total reserves including gold
$56.4B
2025
$447M
2025
Total reserves ranking
44/177
2025
160/177
2025
Net foreign direct investment
$9.47B
2025
-$175M
2025
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
-$41.4B
2024
$187M
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$4.71B
2024
-$350K
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI n/a
3.35%
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
12.3%
2022
25%
2016
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
25.7%
2025
n/a

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1835–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1996–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  6. TradeMap (2023–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.