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Economy of Canada vs Saint Lucia compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank

Canada has a GDP of $2.32T compared to $2.66B for Saint Lucia, ranking 10/197 and 173/197 by economy size, respectively.

Canada has $2.63T in government debt (113.5% of GDP), compared to $2.05B (77.1% of GDP) in Saint Lucia.

Canada vs Saint Lucia GDP by year

Canada
Saint Lucia
1x
Year GDP, current $
Canada Saint Lucia
2025 $2,319,899,772,426 $2,656,444,444
2024 $2,270,076,189,683 $2,605,148,148
2023 $2,196,593,836,347 $2,441,259,259
2022 $2,200,562,785,046 $2,319,888,889
2021 $2,022,377,950,897 $1,871,111,111
2020 $1,655,686,966,882 $1,521,740,741
2019 $1,743,728,952,157 $2,090,074,074
2018 $1,725,330,736,238 $2,060,955,556
2017 $1,649,269,496,515 $1,998,503,704
2016 $1,527,996,250,641 $1,868,544,444
2015 $1,556,510,380,200 $1,807,640,741
2014 $1,805,751,688,809 $1,749,185,185
2013 $1,846,583,831,414 $1,660,392,593
2012 $1,828,359,477,072 $1,598,207,407
2011 $1,793,335,727,901 $1,568,370,370
2010 $1,617,349,192,091 $1,482,385,185
2009 $1,374,627,766,600 $1,401,507,889
2008 $1,552,993,439,550 $1,437,731,111
2007 $1,468,820,407,783 $1,336,088,815
2006 $1,319,291,255,289 $1,268,319,185
2005 $1,173,118,501,403 $1,135,555,556
2004 $1,026,691,006,918 $1,066,666,667
2003 $895,542,074,085 $987,407,407
2002 $760,650,608,552 $900,000,000
2001 $738,981,792,355 $892,592,593
2000 $744,773,415,932 $932,592,593
1999 $678,414,215,521 $921,851,852
1998 $633,999,325,918 $877,407,407
1997 $654,987,722,086 $805,925,926
1996 $630,607,994,133 $788,888,889
1995 $605,961,090,061 $762,962,963
1994 $579,944,346,807 $713,703,704
1993 $579,053,561,739 $684,814,815
1992 $594,387,358,319 $674,074,074
1991 $612,527,712,316 $613,703,704
1990 $596,075,591,361 $579,629,630
1989 $567,211,993,243 $486,666,667
1988 $509,380,027,627 $429,629,630
1987 $433,134,238,311 $375,555,556
1986 $379,006,836,992 $340,000,000
1985 $366,186,012,450 $284,444,444
1984 $356,718,400,124 $251,481,481
1983 $341,866,277,183 $197,037,037
1982 $314,647,807,409 $183,333,333
1981 $307,246,642,756 $194,444,444
1980 $274,776,566,028 $170,370,370
1979 $243,891,124,296 -
1978 $219,369,542,386 -
1977 $212,325,176,305 -
1976 $207,271,612,576 -
1975 $174,419,757,177 -
1974 $160,949,188,139 -
1973 $131,764,343,566 -
1972 $113,463,848,874 -
1971 $99,606,454,744 -
1970 $88,192,257,632 -
1969 $79,405,011,125 -
1968 $72,048,833,006 -
1967 $65,856,924,424 -
1966 $61,252,415,405 -
1965 $54,649,410,479 -
1964 $49,503,663,836 -
1963 $45,140,337,827 -
1962 $42,336,211,556 -
1961 $41,038,192,838 -
1960 $40,563,768,947 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/canada/saint-lucia | CC BY

GDP per capita in Canada vs Saint Lucia by year

Canada
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Saint Lucia
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Canada Saint Lucia
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2025 $55,698 - $14,746 -
2024 $55,016 $64,610 $14,494 $27,567
2023 $54,848 $64,219 $13,617 $25,975
2022 $56,497 $63,944 $12,976 $24,599
2021 $52,887 $56,995 $10,481 $19,101
2020 $43,538 $48,591 $8,537 $14,912
2019 $46,353 $50,499 $11,764 $18,710
2018 $46,539 $49,983 $11,643 $17,433
2017 $45,130 $48,317 $11,333 $16,131
2016 $42,314 $46,471 $10,638 $15,307
2015 $43,594 $44,668 $10,335 $14,353
2014 $50,961 $45,758 $10,045 $14,403
2013 $52,638 $44,301 $9,577 $14,010
2012 $52,670 $42,292 $9,260 $13,443
2011 $52,224 $41,667 $9,129 $13,471
2010 $47,561 $40,103 $8,674 $12,718
2009 $40,875 $38,863 $8,251 $12,600
2008 $46,710 $40,376 $8,517 $12,969
2007 $44,660 $39,573 $7,964 $12,199
2006 $40,505 $38,123 $7,611 $11,758
2005 $36,384 $36,328 $6,863 $10,818
2004 $32,146 $33,929 $6,495 $10,610
2003 $28,302 $32,350 $6,059 $9,707
2002 $24,256 $30,964 $5,568 $9,205
2001 $23,822 $30,241 $5,570 $9,106
2000 $24,271 $29,348 $5,880 $9,314
1999 $22,315 $27,841 $5,883 $9,214
1998 $21,025 $26,324 $5,673 $8,965
1997 $21,902 $25,264 $5,282 $8,456
1996 $21,297 $24,055 $5,244 $8,490
1995 $20,680 $23,474 $5,148 $8,222
1994 $19,998 $22,624 $4,892 $8,041
1993 $20,187 $21,432 $4,765 $7,865
1992 $20,950 $20,619 $4,760 $7,753
1991 $21,847 $20,220 $4,399 $7,127
1990 $21,526 $20,226 $4,205 $6,951
1989 $20,795 - $3,565 -
1988 $19,013 - $3,182 -
1987 $16,378 - $2,819 -
1986 $14,521 - $2,591 -
1985 $14,170 - $2,202 -
1984 $13,930 - $1,979 -
1983 $13,477 - $1,576 -
1982 $12,527 - $1,489 -
1981 $12,379 - $1,605 -
1980 $11,208 - $1,428 -
1979 $10,078 - - -
1978 $9,154 - - -
1977 $8,949 - - -
1976 $8,839 - - -
1975 $7,537 - - -
1974 $7,057 - - -
1973 $5,858 - - -
1972 $5,107 - - -
1971 $4,535 - - -
1970 $4,136 - - -
1969 $3,776 - - -
1968 $3,473 - - -
1967 $3,226 - - -
1966 $3,055 - - -
1965 $2,777 - - -
1964 $2,562 - - -
1963 $2,380 - - -
1962 $2,274 - - -
1961 $2,246 - - -
1960 $2,265 - - -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/canada/saint-lucia | CC BY

Canada's GDP per capita is $55,698, ranking 23/197, compared to $14,746 in Saint Lucia, ranking 72/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Canada ranks 28th at $64,610, while Saint Lucia ranks 75th at $27,567.

Economic indicators

Canada Saint Lucia
Gross domestic product
$2.32T
2025
$2.66B
2025
GDP rank
10/197
2025
173/197
2025
GDP growth
1.74%
2024-2025
-0.57%
2024-2025
GDP per capita
$55,698
2025
$14,746
2025
GDP per capita rank
23/197
2025
72/197
2025
GDP per capita, PPP
$64,610
2024
$27,567
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
28/197
2024
75/197
2024
Government debt
$2.63T
2025
$2.05B
2025
Debt-to-GDP ratio
113.5%
2025
77.1%
2025
Government debt per person
$63,220
2025
$11,365
2025
Government debt per person rank
5/185
2025
53/185
2025
Average annual personal income after taxes
$36,531
2026
$12,464
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$4.62T
2025
n/a
Number of millionaires
2,098,000
2026
n/a
Number of billionaires
82
2026
n/a
Income share by richest 10%
24.6%
2022
34.1%
2015
Income share by poorest 10%
2.9%
2022
2.1%
2015
Government expenditure, % of GDP
44%
2025
25.2%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
2.07%
2024-2025
2.03%
2024-2025
Central bank interest rate
2.25%
2025
n/a
Unemployment rate
6.82%
2025
7.66%
2025
Population
42199836
180676

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Canada
Spending

Debt
Saint Lucia
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Canada Saint Lucia
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2025 44% 113.5% 25.2% 77.1%
2024 44.3% 110% 24.4% 76.7%
2023 41.8% 105.1% 25.3% 75.2%
2022 40.4% 103.5% 23.8% 73.9%
2021 45.5% 112.6% 26.7% 81.9%
2020 52.4% 118.1% 33.1% 94.4%
2019 40.6% 90.1% 24.6% 62.1%
2018 40.7% 90.8% 23.2% 60.3%
2017 40.5% 91% 23% 59.9%
2016 40.8% 92.5% 22.6% 60.2%
2015 40% 92.3% 22.1% 60.6%
2014 38.4% 85.8% 22.6% 61.9%
2013 40% 87.7% 24.3% 61.2%
2012 40.9% 87% 27.1% 60.2%
2011 41.6% 84.3% 26.9% 54.9%
2010 43.1% 84% 25.6% 52.2%
2009 43.4% 81.8% 24.2% 50.2%
2008 38.8% 70.4% 22.3% 46.9%
2007 38.5% 67.2% 22.2% 48.2%
2006 38.7% 69.9% 24.4% 48%
2005 38.5% 70.6% 25.3% 50.4%
2004 39.1% 71.9% 22.5% 48.8%
2003 40.3% 75.9% 22.5% 44.7%
2002 40.4% 79.6% 23% 47.7%
2001 41.1% 81.5% 22% 38%
2000 40.6% 80.4% 20.9% 32.8%
1999 41.8% 89% 20.9% 28.8%
1998 43.4% 93.3% 18.6% 29.1%
1997 43.5% 95.3% 19% 26.6%
1996 45.9% 100.2% 18.8% 23.9%
1995 47.7% 100.1% 19% 22.7%
1994 49% 97.5% 18.7% 23.4%
1993 51.5% 94.7% 21.6% 22.7%
1992 52.5% 88.2% 18.3% 22.1%
1991 51.4% 81.7% 18% 19.3%
1990 48.1% 73.7% 16.5% 16.7%
1989 45.8% 72.2% 19% 18.1%
1988 45.4% 71.1% 18.2% 18.6%
1987 46.1% 71.4% 19.9% 19.6%
1986 47.6% 71% 21.1% 17.2%
1985 48.3% 66.9% 20.4% 17.1%
1984 47.5% 61.7% - -
1983 47.9% 58.4% - -
1982 47.3% 52.7% - -
1981 42.5% 46.9% - -
1980 41.6% 45.6% - -
1979 40% 45.3% - -
1978 41.6% 48% - -
1977 41.4% 45.1% - -
1976 40.2% 43.6% - -
1975 41.1% 45.2% - -
1974 37.6% 45.8% - -
1973 36% 48% - -
1972 37.5% 53.5% - -
1971 37.3% 55.3% - -
1970 36% 54.3% - -
1969 33.9% 53% - -
1968 33.8% 55.9% - -
1967 32.9% 56.9% - -
1966 30.8% 56.6% - -
1965 29.8% 60.1% - -
1964 29.7% 63.7% - -
1963 30.3% 67% - -
1962 30.6% 67.2% - -
1961 30.6% 68.2% - -
1960 14.9% 66.1% - -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/canada/saint-lucia | CC BY

In 2025, Canada's government spending was $1.02T, accounting for 44% of its GDP, while Saint Lucia spent $671M, or 25.2% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 113.5% in Canada and 77.1% in Saint Lucia, ranking 14/185 and 48/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Canada

Saint Lucia
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Canada Saint Lucia
2025 -1.77% -2.88%
2024 -2.12% -1.81%
2023 -0.16% -3.18%
2022 0.62% -2.48%
2021 -3.06% -5.35%
2020 -10.9% -11.5%
2019 -0.02% -2.95%
2018 0.36% -1.22%
2017 -0.11% -2.09%
2016 -0.45% -1.53%
2015 -0.06% -1.18%
2014 0.17% -2.29%
2013 -1.49% -3.98%
2012 -2.52% -6.93%
2011 -3.31% -5.35%
2010 -4.74% -4.11%
2009 -3.88% -2.63%
2008 0.18% -0.72%
2007 1.82% -1.59%
2006 1.83% -5.01%
2005 1.55% -6%
2004 0.77% -2.58%
2003 -0.13% -3.17%
2002 -0.23% -3.03%
2001 0.53% -3.07%
2000 2.64% -1.17%
1999 1.66% 1.61%
1998 0.14% 2.22%
1997 0.04% -1.1%
1996 -3.05% -0.57%
1995 -5.49% -0.13%
1994 -6.94% -0.02%
1993 -8.93% -0.25%
1992 -9.2% -0.66%
1991 -8.36% -0.42%
1990 -5.91% 0.29%
1989 -4.6% 0.89%
1988 -4.33% 2.02%
1987 -5.42% 0.56%
1986 -7.14% -1.61%
1985 -8.59% -1.5%
1984 -7.78% -
1983 -8.17% -
1982 -7.03% -
1981 -2.83% -
1980 -4.07% -
1979 -3.41% -
1978 -4.77% -
1977 -4.1% -
1976 -2.78% -
1975 -3.54% -
1974 1.1% -
1973 0.6% -
1972 -0.97% -
1971 -1.02% -
1970 -0.36% -
1969 1.2% -
1968 -0.45% -
1967 -0.82% -
1966 -0.07% -
1965 -0.25% -
1964 -0.68% -
1963 -2.31% -
1962 -2.6% -
1961 -2.75% -
1960 -0.85% -
1959 -1.08% -
1958 -1.69% -
1957 -0.11% -
1956 0.77% -
1955 -0.11% -
1954 -0.57% -
1953 0.3% -
1952 0.09% -
1951 1.1% -
1950 1.09% -
1949 0.78% -
1948 3.84% -
1947 5.02% -
1946 3.14% -
1945 -17.9% -
1944 -21.6% -
1943 -23.1% -
1942 -20.8% -
1941 -4.79% -
1940 -5.62% -
1939 -2.11% -
1938 -0.97% -
1937 -0.34% -
1936 -1.68% -
1935 -3.72% -
1934 -2.93% -
1933 -3.83% -
1932 -5.79% -
1931 -2.43% -
1930 -1.47% -
1929 0.78% -
1928 1.12% -
1927 0.92% -
1926 0.81% -
1925 0.55% -
1924 0.007% -
1923 0.79% -
1922 -0.75% -
1921 -2% -
1920 -1.82% -
1919 -8.94% -
1918 -8.98% -
1917 -7.83% -
1916 -8.14% -
1915 -6.17% -
1914 -4.63% -
1913 -0.82% -
1912 1.03% -
1911 0.004% -
1910 -0.18% -
1909 -0.67% -
1908 -2.78% -
1907 -0.83% -
1906 0.22% -
1905 -0.07% -
1904 -0.44% -
1903 0.07% -
1902 0.91% -
1901 -0.34% -
1900 -0.33% -
1899 0.1% -
1898 -0.3% -
1897 -0.35% -
1896 -0.48% -
1895 -0.85% -
1894 -1.06% -
1893 -0.66% -
1892 -0.07% -
1891 3.23% -
1890 -0.04% -
1889 0% -
1888 -0.48% -
1887 -1.18% -
1886 -0.73% -
1885 -4.82% -
1884 -2.43% -
1883 -3.88% -
1882 -0.78% -
1881 0.32% -
1880 -0.62% -
1879 -2.11% -
1878 -0.63% -
1877 -1.63% -
1876 -2.06% -
1875 -1.88% -
1874 -1.57% -
1873 -1.74% -
1872 -3.93% -
1871 -1.09% -
1870 0.13% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1870–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/canada/saint-lucia | CC BY

In 2025, Canada's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $41B, equivalent to 1.77% of GDP. This compares to Saint Lucia's deficit of $76.5M, or 2.88% of GDP.

Over the past 41 years, Canada recorded a fiscal deficit in 28 of those years, while Saint Lucia ran a deficit in 35 years. On average, Canada posted an annual deficit equal to 2.46% of GDP, compared to deficit of 2.11% of GDP for Saint Lucia.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Canada

Saint Lucia
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Canada Saint Lucia
2025 2.07% 2.03%
2024 2.38% -0.67%
2023 3.88% 3.82%
2022 6.8% 9.65%
2021 3.4% 2.41%
2020 0.72% -1.76%
2019 1.95% 0.54%
2018 2.27% 1.94%
2017 1.6% 0.1%
2016 1.43% -3.08%
2015 1.13% -0.98%
2014 1.91% 3.52%
2013 0.94% 1.47%
2012 1.52% 4.18%
2011 2.91% 2.77%
2010 1.78% 3.25%
2009 0.3% -0.16%
2008 2.37% 5.55%
2007 2.14% 2.82%
2006 2% 2.4%
2005 2.21% 3.9%
2004 1.86% 1.46%
2003 2.76% 1.03%
2002 2.26% -0.26%
2001 2.53% 5.31%
2000 2.72% 3.71%
1999 1.73% 3.5%
1998 1% 3.2%
1997 1.62% -0.006%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/canada/saint-lucia | CC BY

Over the past 29 years, Canada has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 2.14%, compared with 2.13% in Saint Lucia. In 2025, inflation was 2.07% in Canada and 2.03% in Saint Lucia.

Top exports between countries

Canada
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $3.66M
Miscellaneous $3.51M
Animal & marine products $2.02M
Raw agricultural goods $1.9M
Chemicals & pharma $685K
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $624K
Wood & paper products $424K
Textiles & consumer goods $423K
Metals $372K
Raw materials & minerals $321K
Saint Lucia
Export category Export value
Raw agricultural goods $75K
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $71K
Animal & marine products $23K
Metals $10K
Machinery & equipment $9K
Textiles & consumer goods $8K
Miscellaneous $7K
Chemicals & pharma $5K
Precious metals & jewellery $3K
Wood & paper products $1K

Balance of trade

Canada Saint Lucia
Current account balance
-$22B
2025
-$166M
2025
Current account balance ranking
184/190
2025
89/190
2025
Current account balance, % of GDP
-0.95%
2025
-6.26%
2025
Goods imports
$577B
2025
$834M
2025
Goods exports
$555B
2025
$144M
2025
Service imports
$169B
2025
$672M
2025
Service exports
$172B
2025
$1.4B
2025
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
32.2%
2025
n/a
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
31.3%
2025
19%
2026

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Canada Saint Lucia
Economic freedom 75.6 67.5
Economic freedom ranking 17/197 57/197
Property rights 85.9 64.3
Government integrity 85.5 59.7
Judicial effectiveness 96 77.3
Tax burden 74.7 77.7
Government spending 45.9 82.6
Fiscal health 79.7 80
Business freedom 84.2 71.9
Labor freedom 68.3 65.2
Monetary freedom 73.8 81
Trade freedom 83.2 60
Investment freedom 60 50
Financial freedom 70 40

Economic freedom comparison by year

Canada
Saint Lucia
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Canada Saint Lucia
2026 75.6 67.5
2025 75.5 67
2024 72.4 62.2
2023 73.7 60.7
2022 76.6 64.3
2021 77.9 67.5
2020 78.2 68.2
2019 77.7 68.7
2018 77.7 67.6
2017 78.5 65
2016 78 70
2015 79.1 70.2
2014 80.2 70.7
2013 79.4 70.4
2012 79.9 71.3
2011 80.8 70.8
2010 80.4 70.5
2009 80.5 68.8
2008 80.2 -
2007 78 -
2006 77.4 -
2005 75.8 -
2004 75.3 -
2003 74.8 -
2002 74.6 -
2001 71.2 -
2000 70.5 -
1999 69.3 -
1998 68.5 -
1997 67.9 -
1996 70.3 -
1995 69.4 -

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/canada/saint-lucia | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Canada is 75.6, ranking 17/197, compared to 67.5 for Saint Lucia, ranking 57/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Canada Saint Lucia
Services, % of GDP
64.1%
2022
73.8%
2025
Industry, % of GDP
27.4%
2022
10.7%
2025
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
1.93%
2022
1.66%
2025
GNI, Atlas method
$2.35T
2025
$2.42B
2025
GNI per capita, PPP
$66,820
2025
$26,180
2025
Total reserves including gold
$126B
2025
$447M
2025
Total reserves ranking
26/177
2025
160/177
2025
Net foreign direct investment
-$11.9B
2025
-$175M
2025
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$63.1B
2024
$187M
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$89.4B
2024
-$350K
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI n/a
3.35%
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
9.4%
2020
25%
2016
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
23.2%
2025
n/a

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/canada/saint-lucia | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1870–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  6. TradeMap (2020–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  9. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2020, retrieved 2026-07-08)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.