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Economy of Morocco vs Saudi Arabia compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Morocco has a GDP of $154B compared to $1.24T for Saudi Arabia, ranking 60/197 and 18/197 by economy size, respectively.

Morocco has $108B in government debt (68.9% of GDP), compared to $370B (34.8% of GDP) in Saudi Arabia.

The chart below compares the two countries' GDP growth in both current (nominal) and constant dollars, accounting for inflation over time.

Morocco
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Saudi Arabia
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Year GDP
Morocco Saudi Arabia
Current $ Constant $ Current $ Constant $
1960 $2,037,154,742 - $1,748,124,064 $39,062,138,603
1961 $2,025,693,540 - $1,920,811,284 $43,701,490,633
1962 $2,379,611,125 - $2,130,606,532 $48,911,870,587
1963 $2,657,252,578 - $2,207,393,172 $53,165,300,282
1964 $2,798,345,299 - $2,371,808,713 $57,831,504,044
1965 $2,948,331,090 - $2,647,955,558 $64,850,377,194
1966 $2,876,401,297 $11,518,527,478 $2,920,555,557 $70,155,880,866
1967 $3,046,345,314 $12,673,702,326 $3,257,022,223 $76,406,337,222
1968 $3,271,422,333 $13,927,351,921 $4,187,777,711 $82,259,159,326
1969 $3,651,622,669 $15,091,980,118 $4,485,777,644 $87,225,874,037
1970 $3,956,336,244 $15,803,334,621 $5,377,333,333 $133,099,787,877
1971 $4,356,669,034 $16,687,830,454 $7,184,806,909 $153,369,697,078
1972 $5,074,117,545 $17,094,552,490 $9,664,267,087 $182,180,374,833
1973 $6,242,145,880 $17,703,000,749 $14,947,435,499 $223,162,035,358
1974 $7,675,466,449 $18,693,669,512 $45,412,957,746 $259,090,398,370
1975 $8,984,853,005 $20,106,578,472 $46,773,208,643 $244,871,098,281
1976 $9,584,297,284 $22,280,658,838 $64,005,665,722 $282,149,187,832
1977 $11,049,783,872 $23,630,681,317 $74,188,986,586 $298,771,678,010
1978 $13,236,946,234 $24,158,274,887 $80,266,516,687 $299,286,687,828
1979 $15,911,994,817 $25,316,371,178 $111,858,444,786 $332,100,224,569
1980 $21,728,516,153 $26,238,435,141 $164,539,660,725 $351,354,104,855
1981 $17,788,185,479 $25,780,985,097 $184,291,360,139 $361,834,100,908
1982 $17,692,276,734 $28,090,283,844 $153,240,313,858 $303,545,917,341
1983 $16,251,408,128 $28,479,775,174 $129,171,635,311 $270,175,776,743
1984 $14,824,667,954 $30,307,717,168 $119,624,858,116 $259,348,470,470
1985 $14,991,283,216 $32,128,499,366 $103,897,846,494 $240,644,765,872
1986 $19,462,085,540 $35,107,166,524 $86,961,922,765 $243,070,832,682
1987 $21,765,195,948 $34,993,066,802 $85,695,861,148 $235,455,342,414
1988 $25,705,296,184 $39,148,576,061 $88,256,074,766 $250,996,198,535
1989 $26,314,313,191 $40,262,823,844 $95,344,459,279 $252,038,318,255
1990 $30,179,954,775 $41,636,515,790 $117,630,173,565 $275,795,698,496
1991 $32,285,573,574 $44,641,043,474 $132,223,230,975 $298,468,230,595
1992 $33,711,069,431 $43,704,591,005 $137,087,850,467 $312,139,812,825
1993 $31,655,473,664 $43,380,918,431 $132,967,957,276 $313,325,431,978
1994 $35,604,137,423 $47,974,090,255 $135,174,899,866 $316,311,316,730
1995 $39,030,285,468 $45,380,875,814 $143,343,124,166 $317,297,284,499
1996 $43,161,571,528 $50,995,795,429 $158,662,483,311 $327,782,952,467
1997 $39,147,844,526 $50,199,902,853 $165,963,684,913 $336,460,414,156
1998 $46,497,608,725 $53,833,649,265 $146,775,466,667 $345,894,131,085
1999 $46,266,428,648 $54,747,239,389 $161,717,066,667 $343,703,259,654
2000 $43,017,455,402 $56,160,912,156 $189,514,933,333 $359,919,640,768
2001 $43,831,480,208 $60,497,559,621 $184,137,600,000 $361,159,899,362
2002 $47,077,192,188 $62,754,238,002 $189,605,866,667 $358,673,710,260
2003 $58,029,363,354 $66,626,866,132 $215,807,733,333 $390,124,853,186
2004 $66,114,145,451 $69,672,633,475 $258,742,133,333 $423,796,550,560
2005 $68,852,658,069 $71,896,757,929 $328,459,608,764 $448,990,815,757
2006 $75,883,823,301 $77,498,104,933 $376,900,133,511 $463,868,057,905
2007 $86,947,913,287 $80,164,867,241 $415,964,509,673 $474,136,491,555
2008 $101,822,906,949 $84,721,870,675 $519,796,800,000 $503,713,066,804
2009 $101,154,952,241 $87,895,356,583 $429,097,866,667 $498,339,873,323
2010 $100,865,329,473 $90,971,304,769 $528,207,466,667 $523,453,786,401
2011 $110,080,631,332 $95,997,146,622 $680,660,800,000 $585,005,967,585
2012 $106,937,392,311 $98,936,909,179 $751,921,333,333 $618,711,129,254
2013 $115,739,287,305 $103,015,299,181 $769,755,733,333 $636,936,502,413
2014 $119,130,841,412 $105,816,536,606 $787,153,066,667 $662,570,908,160
2015 $110,413,823,842 $110,413,823,842 $693,414,400,000 $693,414,400,000
2016 $111,572,947,005 $110,989,284,688 $689,279,466,667 $705,230,699,063
2017 $118,540,573,368 $116,603,009,678 $741,266,133,333 $713,567,089,639
2018 $127,341,147,582 $120,177,639,735 $886,564,800,000 $736,593,549,190
2019 $128,920,266,409 $123,651,944,969 $888,890,133,333 $748,758,860,046
2020 $121,353,645,057 $114,775,951,852 $767,951,200,000 $720,270,347,023
2021 $142,022,058,447 $124,135,631,044 $982,661,066,667 $767,229,070,839
2022 $130,951,926,351 $126,031,434,845 $1,239,075,200,000 $859,301,066,621
2023 $144,417,103,250 $130,320,714,719 $1,218,584,533,333 $863,963,569,240
2024 $154,430,996,473 $134,538,562,551 $1,237,529,866,667 $879,583,643,097

Economic indicators

Morocco Saudi Arabia
Gross domestic product
$154B
2024
$1.24T
2024
GDP rank
60/197
2024
18/197
2024
GDP growth
6.93%
2023-2024
1.55%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$4,055
2024
$35,057
2024
GDP per capita rank
128/197
2024
32/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$10,305
2024
$71,243
2024
Government debt
$108B
2024
$370B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
68.9%
2025
34.8%
2025
Government debt per person
$2,840
2024
$10,473
2024
Government debt per person rank
105/185
2024
58/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$5,043
2025
$25,072
2025
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$74.5B
2024
$2.73T
2024
Number of millionaires n/a
351,855
2024
Number of billionaires
3
2025
15
2025
Income share by richest 10%
31.9%
2013
n/a
Income share by poorest 10%
2.7%
2013
n/a
Government expenditure, % of GDP
34.3%
2025
32.5%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
0.99%
2023-2024
1.69%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate
2.25%
2025
4.75%
2025
Unemployment rate
11.8%
2022
3.52%
2024
Population
38697192
36428123

GDP per capita in Morocco vs Saudi Arabia

Morocco's GDP per capita is $4,055, ranking 128/197, compared to $35,057 in Saudi Arabia, ranking 32/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Morocco ranks 132nd at $10,305, while Saudi Arabia ranks 22nd at $71,243.

Morocco
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Saudi Arabia
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Year Current $
Morocco Saudi Arabia
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
1960 $175.2 - $718 -
1961 $169.8 - $760 -
1962 $194.2 - $813 -
1963 $211.3 - $812 -
1964 $216.9 - $840 -
1965 $222.7 - $904 -
1966 $211.5 - $961 -
1967 $218.1 - $1,032 -
1968 $228 - $1,276 -
1969 $247.8 - $1,313 -
1970 $261.5 - $1,509 -
1971 $280.6 - $1,929 -
1972 $319 - $2,474 -
1973 $382 - $3,640 -
1974 $459 - $10,503 -
1975 $524 - $10,266 -
1976 $545 - $13,313 -
1977 $613 - $14,595 -
1978 $716 - $14,914 -
1979 $839 - $19,612 -
1980 $1,117 - $27,206 -
1981 $890 - $28,703 -
1982 $862 - $22,454 -
1983 $772 - $17,810 -
1984 $687 - $15,541 -
1985 $678 - $12,745 -
1986 $861 - $10,078 -
1987 $944 - $9,386 -
1988 $1,094 - $9,165 -
1989 $1,099 - $9,414 -
1990 $1,238 $2,777 $11,055 $46,214
1991 $1,302 $3,025 $11,847 $49,295
1992 $1,337 $2,979 $11,730 $50,355
1993 $1,236 $2,979 $10,885 $49,503
1994 $1,369 $3,315 $10,602 $48,904
1995 $1,478 $3,152 $10,786 $48,052
1996 $1,610 $3,551 $11,472 $48,569
1997 $1,439 $3,502 $11,545 $48,796
1998 $1,683 $3,740 $9,836 $48,867
1999 $1,651 $3,801 $10,452 $47,495
2000 $1,513 $3,930 $11,715 $48,644
2001 $1,521 $4,269 $10,805 $47,381
2002 $1,612 $4,436 $10,586 $45,466
2003 $1,962 $4,741 $11,487 $48,078
2004 $2,207 $5,025 $13,154 $51,225
2005 $2,268 $5,275 $15,976 $53,548
2006 $2,466 $5,781 $17,564 $54,639
2007 $2,788 $6,058 $18,596 $55,030
2008 $3,222 $6,437 $22,320 $57,236
2009 $3,158 $6,629 $17,718 $54,787
2010 $3,107 $6,849 $22,028 $58,829
2011 $3,345 $7,274 $27,127 $64,125
2012 $3,206 $7,308 $28,733 $65,034
2013 $3,425 $7,542 $27,865 $62,203
2014 $3,483 $7,237 $27,805 $62,578
2015 $3,190 $7,799 $23,256 $53,931
2016 $3,186 $7,853 $22,268 $49,937
2017 $3,344 $8,115 $23,929 $53,120
2018 $3,553 $7,801 $29,360 $59,378
2019 $3,560 $8,046 $29,567 $59,560
2020 $3,317 $7,705 $24,339 $47,518
2021 $3,843 $8,623 $31,921 $62,690
2022 $3,508 $9,284 $38,510 $71,968
2023 $3,829 $9,843 $36,157 $71,565
2024 $4,055 $10,305 $35,057 $71,243

Spending and national debt comparison

In 2024, Morocco's government spending was $52.8B, accounting for 34.3% of its GDP, while Saudi Arabia's spent $418B, or 32.5% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 68.9% in Morocco and 34.8% in Saudi Arabia, ranking 58/185 and 149/185, respectively.

Morocco
Government spending

Government debt
Saudi Arabia
Government spending

Government debt
Year % of GDP
Morocco Saudi Arabia
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
1990 22.6% 70.5% 39.3% -
1991 20.8% 59.1% 34.9% 39.4%
1992 22.3% 67% 41.2% 47.8%
1993 23.1% 74.7% 37.7% 58.6%
1994 21.7% 69.3% 33.8% 67.9%
1995 21.3% 72.2% 32.4% 74.2%
1996 17.6% 65.3% 33.3% 75.2%
1997 18.6% 68% 35.6% 76.7%
1998 18.7% 64.5% 34.5% 101.5%
1999 18.4% 63.4% 30.3% 103%
2000 22.8% 64.9% 33.1% 86.7%
2001 23.7% 60.4% 36.9% 93.1%
2002 25.8% 59.4% 35.9% 96.4%
2003 24.1% 56.9% 33.1% 81.6%
2004 24.5% 54.4% 31.1% 62.9%
2005 28.6% 54.8% 28.2% 37.3%
2006 26% 50.6% 27.3% 25.8%
2007 26.4% 47.1% 29.5% 17.1%
2008 28.3% 42% 26.7% 12.1%
2009 28.1% 42.6% 37.1% 14%
2010 28.7% 45.3% 33% 8.43%
2011 31.2% 48.6% 32.6% 5.34%
2012 32.5% 52.3% 33% 3.01%
2013 30.4% 57.1% 35.2% 2.13%
2014 30.7% 58.6% 39.7% 1.54%
2015 28.5% 58.4% 39.9% 5.67%
2016 28.6% 60.1% 34.5% 12.7%
2017 27.9% 60.3% 32.1% 16.5%
2018 27.8% 60.5% 34% 17.6%
2019 27.7% 60.3% 33.7% 21.6%
2020 34.1% 72.2% 39.1% 31%
2021 31% 69.4% 31.7% 28.6%
2022 33.8% 71.5% 28.2% 23.8%
2023 32.3% 69.5% 32.3% 26.2%
2024 34.2% 70% 33.8% 29.9%
2025 34.3% 68.9% 32.5% 34.8%

Government deficit by year

In 2024, Morocco's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was -$6.26B, equivalent to -4.06% of GDP. This compares to Saudi Arabia's deficit of -$35.2B, or -2.84% of GDP.

Over the past 34 years, Morocco recorded a fiscal deficit in 29 of those years, while Saudi Arabia ran a deficit in 22 years. On average, Morocco posted an annual deficit equal to -2.98% of GDP, compared to deficit of -0.25% of GDP for Saudi Arabia.

Deficit/surplus
Morocco

Saudi Arabia
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Morocco Saudi Arabia
1990 -1.32% -
1991 -0.9% -3.28%
1992 -1.84% -8.12%
1993 -2% -9.33%
1994 -2.51% -8.31%
1995 -2.54% -5.12%
1996 0.87% -3.25%
1997 1.5% -2.51%
1998 1.47% -8.88%
1999 3.21% -5.99%
2000 -1.97% 3.18%
2001 -3.79% -3.91%
2002 -4.37% -5.91%
2003 -3.74% 1.2%
2004 -3.31% 9.72%
2005 -5.46% 18%
2006 -1.8% 20.8%
2007 -0.12% 11.8%
2008 0.63% 29.8%
2009 -1.63% -5.38%
2010 -3.93% 4.39%
2011 -6.08% 11.5%
2012 -6.63% 11.8%
2013 -4.7% 5.58%
2014 -4.78% -3.49%
2015 -4.59% -15.5%
2016 -4.49% -13.7%
2017 -3.3% -8.89%
2018 -3.52% -5.45%
2019 -3.88% -4.2%
2020 -7.15% -10.7%
2021 -5.92% -2.24%
2022 -5.38% 2.5%
2023 -4.46% -2.02%
2024 -4.06% -2.84%
2025 -3.89% -4.93%

Inflation comparison by year

Over the past 29 years, Morocco has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 1.86%, compared with 1.93% in Saudi Arabia. In 2024, inflation was 0.99% in Morocco and 1.69% in Saudi Arabia.

Inflation
Morocco

Saudi Arabia
Year Inflation
Morocco Saudi Arabia Morocco Saudi Arabia
1996 2.99% 1.22%
1997 1.04% 0.06%
1998 2.75% -0.37%
1999 0.68% -1.33%
2000 1.89% -1.13%
2001 0.62% -1.12%
2002 2.8% 0.25%
2003 1.17% 0.61%
2004 1.49% 0.52%
2005 0.98% 0.48%
2006 3.28% 2.21%
2007 2.04% 4.17%
2008 3.71% 9.87%
2009 0.97% 5.06%
2010 0.99% 5.34%
2011 0.91% 5.83%
2012 1.29% 2.87%
2013 1.88% 3.53%
2014 0.44% 2.24%
2015 1.56% 1.2%
2016 1.64% 2.07%
2017 0.75% -0.84%
2018 1.8% 2.46%
2019 0.3% -2.09%
2020 0.71% 3.45%
2021 1.4% 3.06%
2022 6.66% 2.47%
2023 6.09% 2.33%
2024 0.99% 1.69%

Top exports between countries

Morocco
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $43.2M
Raw agricultural goods $16.6M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $10.8M
Chemicals & pharma $9.01M
Textiles & consumer goods $8.75M
Raw materials & minerals $5.44M
Animal & marine products $1.96M
Metals $1.46M
Wood & paper products $162K
Precious metals & jewellery $25K
Saudi Arabia
Export category Export value
Raw materials & minerals $656M
Chemicals & pharma $417M
Raw agricultural goods $21.3M
Machinery & equipment $18.8M
Metals $18.8M
Wood & paper products $17.2M
Textiles & consumer goods $14.9M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $1.09M
Animal & marine products $824K
Miscellaneous $413K

Balance of trade

Morocco Saudi Arabia
Current account balance
-$1.87B
2024
-$5.75B
2024
Current account balance ranking
139/189
2024
171/189
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
-1.21%
2024
-0.46%
2024
Goods imports
$66.5B
2024
$215B
2024
Goods exports
$39.3B
2024
$306B
2024
Service imports
$14.3B
2024
$102B
2024
Service exports
$28.2B
2024
$55.3B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
52.5%
2024
25.6%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
43.3%
2024
29.2%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Morocco Saudi Arabia
Economic freedom 60.3 64.4
Economic freedom ranking 94/197 70/197
Property rights 58.6 51
Government integrity 36.9 48.1
Judicial effectiveness 32.7 38.1
Tax burden 71.4 99.3
Government spending 67.9 71.6
Fiscal health 46.2 98.1
Business freedom 68.9 70.6
Labor freedom 48.5 43.1
Monetary freedom 74.7 80.1
Trade freedom 67.2 72.8
Investment freedom 75 50
Financial freedom 75 50

Economic freedom by year comparison

The Economic Freedom Index for Morocco is 60.3, ranking 94/197, compared to 64.4 for Saudi Arabia, ranking 70/197. The chart below displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Morocco
Saudi Arabia
Year Economic freedom index
Morocco Saudi Arabia
1995 62.8 -
1996 64.3 68.3
1997 64.7 68.7
1998 61.1 69.3
1999 63.8 65.5
2000 63.2 66.5
2001 63.9 62.2
2002 59 65.3
2003 57.8 63.2
2004 56.7 60.4
2005 52.2 63
2006 51.5 63
2007 56.4 60.9
2008 55.6 62.5
2009 57.7 64.3
2010 59.2 64.1
2011 59.6 66.2
2012 60.2 62.5
2013 59.6 60.6
2014 58.3 62.2
2015 60.1 62.1
2016 61.3 62.1
2017 61.5 64.4
2018 61.9 59.6
2019 62.9 60.7
2020 63.3 62.4
2021 63.3 66
2022 59.2 55.5
2023 58.4 58.3
2024 56.8 61.9
2025 60.3 64.4

More economic indicators

Morocco Saudi Arabia
Services, % of GDP
54.1%
2024
47.2%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
24.1%
2024
44.8%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
10.1%
2024
2.54%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$145B
2024
$1.26T
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$10,150
2024
$71,600
2024
Total reserves including gold
$37.1B
2024
$464B
2024
Total reserves ranking
52/177
2024
7/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
-$948M
2024
$1.8B
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$1.64B
2024
$20.3B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$691M
2024
$22B
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
4.07%
2023
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
3.9%
2022
n/a
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
29.9%
2024
30.1%
2024

GDP per capita map

GDP per capita

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The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.