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Economy of Japan vs Morocco compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank

Japan has a GDP of $4.44T compared to $182B for Morocco, ranking 4/197 and 58/197 by economy size, respectively.

Japan has $9.16T in government debt (206.5% of GDP), compared to $122B (67.1% of GDP) in Morocco.

Japan vs Morocco GDP by year

Japan
Morocco
1x
Year GDP, current $
Japan Morocco
2025 $4,435,162,999,977 $182,374,250,612
2024 $4,190,008,188,359 $160,610,994,055
2023 $4,384,854,269,962 $146,036,093,667
2022 $4,447,976,207,315 $131,245,312,804
2021 $5,225,933,520,753 $142,022,058,447
2020 $5,189,197,543,645 $121,353,645,057
2019 $5,245,755,000,479 $128,920,266,409
2018 $5,154,293,721,630 $127,341,147,582
2017 $5,038,231,631,661 $118,540,573,368
2016 $5,110,357,383,254 $111,572,947,005
2015 $4,534,438,580,495 $110,413,823,842
2014 $4,985,763,289,561 $119,130,841,412
2013 $5,272,297,037,397 $115,739,287,305
2012 $6,333,803,928,788 $106,937,392,311
2011 $6,279,422,550,219 $110,080,631,332
2010 $5,811,578,109,447 $100,865,329,473
2009 $5,336,765,697,589 $101,154,952,241
2008 $5,160,197,175,876 $101,822,906,949
2007 $4,624,670,179,655 $86,947,913,287
2006 $4,648,058,930,707 $75,883,823,301
2005 $4,875,648,486,366 $68,852,658,069
2004 $4,941,485,123,807 $66,114,145,451
2003 $4,573,413,206,709 $58,029,363,354
2002 $4,245,946,980,572 $47,077,192,188
2001 $4,438,792,748,062 $43,831,480,208
2000 $5,042,381,838,343 $43,017,455,402
1999 $4,688,983,449,627 $46,266,428,648
1998 $4,150,359,076,370 $46,497,608,725
1997 $4,579,780,793,432 $39,147,844,526
1996 $5,021,441,618,840 $43,161,571,528
1995 $5,639,649,753,986 $39,030,285,468
1994 $5,104,063,486,348 $35,604,137,423
1993 $4,632,480,515,091 $31,655,473,664
1992 $4,064,529,567,505 $33,711,069,431
1991 $3,724,887,648,862 $32,285,573,574
1990 $3,252,994,239,867 $30,179,954,775
1989 $3,174,934,735,896 $26,314,313,191
1988 $3,191,546,727,316 $25,705,296,184
1987 $2,635,094,473,494 $21,765,195,948
1986 $2,164,729,071,349 $19,462,085,540
1985 $1,457,070,301,468 $14,991,283,216
1984 $1,374,165,212,365 $14,824,667,954
1983 $1,297,622,008,229 $16,251,408,128
1982 $1,183,132,285,328 $17,692,276,734
1981 $1,271,443,597,067 $17,788,185,479
1980 $1,153,159,955,513 $21,728,516,153
1979 $1,100,608,979,757 $15,911,994,817
1978 $1,057,419,758,047 $13,236,946,234
1977 $752,590,681,822 $11,049,783,872
1976 $611,495,350,304 $9,584,297,284
1975 $544,082,569,364 $8,984,853,005
1974 $500,355,087,138 $7,675,466,449
1973 $450,756,970,744 $6,242,145,880
1972 $331,776,379,992 $5,074,117,545
1971 $250,530,994,765 $4,356,669,034
1970 $221,798,003,144 $3,956,336,244
1969 $188,179,852,753 $3,651,622,669
1968 $160,201,483,788 $3,271,422,333
1967 $135,265,319,098 $3,046,345,314
1966 $115,427,351,851 $2,876,401,297
1965 $99,387,878,008 $2,948,331,090
1964 $89,332,989,729 $2,798,345,299
1963 $75,945,582,324 $2,657,252,578
1962 $66,356,388,224 $2,379,611,125
1961 $58,472,696,006 $2,025,693,540
1960 $48,417,804,545 $2,037,154,742

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/japan/morocco | CC BY

GDP per capita in Japan vs Morocco by year

Japan
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Morocco
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Japan Morocco
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2025 $35,951 - $4,746 -
2024 $33,797 $52,039 $4,218 $10,415
2023 $35,215 $50,662 $3,872 $9,895
2022 $35,548 $47,192 $3,516 $9,310
2021 $41,581 $44,355 $3,843 $8,623
2020 $41,099 $42,426 $3,317 $7,705
2019 $41,425 $42,678 $3,560 $8,046
2018 $40,645 $42,142 $3,553 $7,801
2017 $39,680 $41,444 $3,344 $8,115
2016 $40,215 $40,597 $3,186 $7,853
2015 $35,665 $40,899 $3,190 $7,799
2014 $39,173 $39,555 $3,483 $7,237
2013 $41,369 $39,402 $3,425 $7,542
2012 $49,627 $37,606 $3,206 $7,308
2011 $49,122 $36,214 $3,345 $7,274
2010 $45,378 $35,336 $3,107 $6,849
2009 $41,678 $33,543 $3,158 $6,629
2008 $40,294 $35,274 $3,222 $6,437
2007 $36,130 $35,015 $2,788 $6,058
2006 $36,354 $33,632 $2,466 $5,781
2005 $38,159 $32,170 $2,268 $5,275
2004 $38,678 $30,832 $2,207 $5,025
2003 $35,809 $29,392 $1,962 $4,741
2002 $33,316 $28,624 $1,612 $4,436
2001 $34,910 $27,943 $1,521 $4,269
2000 $39,753 $27,288 $1,513 $3,930
1999 $37,029 $25,736 $1,651 $3,801
1998 $32,835 $25,508 $1,683 $3,740
1997 $36,331 $25,619 $1,439 $3,502
1996 $39,930 $24,999 $1,610 $3,551
1995 $44,947 $23,858 $1,478 $3,152
1994 $40,774 $22,823 $1,369 $3,315
1993 $37,111 $22,168 $1,236 $2,979
1992 $32,667 $21,825 $1,337 $2,979
1991 $30,048 $21,227 $1,302 $3,025
1990 $26,345 $19,912 $1,238 $2,777
1989 $25,798 - $1,099 -
1988 $26,037 - $1,094 -
1987 $21,587 - $944 -
1986 $17,819 - $861 -
1985 $12,058 - $678 -
1984 $11,443 - $687 -
1983 $10,876 - $772 -
1982 $9,986 - $862 -
1981 $10,806 - $890 -
1980 $9,872 - $1,117 -
1979 $9,497 - $839 -
1978 $9,202 - $716 -
1977 $6,609 - $613 -
1976 $5,422 - $545 -
1975 $4,876 - $524 -
1974 $4,542 - $459 -
1973 $4,147 - $382 -
1972 $3,095 - $319 -
1971 $2,370 - $280.6 -
1970 $2,145 - $261.5 -
1969 $1,841 - $247.8 -
1968 $1,586 - $228 -
1967 $1,354 - $218.1 -
1966 $1,168 - $211.5 -
1965 $1,015 - $222.7 -
1964 $922 - $216.9 -
1963 $792 - $211.3 -
1962 $699 - $194.2 -
1961 $622 - $169.8 -
1960 $519 - $175.2 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/japan/morocco | CC BY

Japan's GDP per capita is $35,951, ranking 34/197, compared to $4,746 in Morocco, ranking 126/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Japan ranks 41st at $52,039, while Morocco ranks 132nd at $10,415.

Economic indicators

Japan Morocco
Gross domestic product
$4.44T
2025
$182B
2025
GDP rank
4/197
2025
58/197
2025
GDP growth
1.19%
2024-2025
4.6%
2024-2025
GDP per capita
$35,951
2025
$4,746
2025
GDP per capita rank
34/197
2025
126/197
2025
GDP per capita, PPP
$52,039
2024
$10,415
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
41/197
2024
132/197
2024
Government debt
$9.16T
2025
$122B
2025
Debt-to-GDP ratio
206.5%
2025
67.1%
2025
Government debt per person
$74,248
2025
$3,183
2025
Government debt per person rank
3/185
2025
102/185
2025
Average annual personal income after taxes
$22,962
2026
$4,045
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$7.61T
2025
$114B
2025
Number of millionaires
2,902,000
2026
n/a
Number of billionaires
41
2026
3
2026
Income share by richest 10%
24.3%
2020
31.9%
2013
Income share by poorest 10%
2.3%
2020
2.7%
2013
Government expenditure, % of GDP
36.9%
2025
31.3%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
3.17%
2024-2025
0.7%
2024-2025
Central bank interest rate
0.75%
2025
2.25%
2025
Unemployment rate
2.5%
2025
11.8%
2022
Population
122704252
38938817

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Japan
Spending

Debt
Morocco
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Japan Morocco
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2025 36.9% 206.5% 31.3% 67.1%
2024 37.3% 214.5% 30.9% 67.7%
2023 37.8% 220.3% 30.2% 68.7%
2022 40.2% 227.8% 31.8% 71.4%
2021 41.3% 222.7% 30.1% 69.4%
2020 43.6% 228.8% 34.1% 72.2%
2019 36.4% 206.3% 27% 60.3%
2018 36% 203.7% 27.8% 60.5%
2017 35.9% 203.1% 27.9% 60.3%
2016 36.5% 202.1% 28.6% 60.1%
2015 36.6% 200.1% 28.5% 58.4%
2014 37.8% 203.6% 30.7% 58.6%
2013 38.4% 201.2% 30.4% 57.1%
2012 38.4% 197.1% 32.5% 52.3%
2011 38.4% 190.6% 31.2% 48.6%
2010 37.4% 178.6% 28.7% 45.3%
2009 38.3% 172.9% 28.1% 42.6%
2008 33.7% 153.6% 28.3% 42%
2007 32.8% 150.4% 26.4% 47.1%
2006 32.7% 152.1% 26% 50.6%
2005 33.2% 153.4% 28.6% 54.8%
2004 33.3% 148.8% 24.5% 54.4%
2003 34.6% 140.2% 24.1% 56.9%
2002 34.9% 134.6% 25.8% 59.4%
2001 34.7% 126.8% 23.7% 60.4%
2000 35.4% 118.5% 22.8% 64.9%
1999 35.2% 113.5% 18.4% 63.4%
1998 38.1% 101.6% 18.7% 64.5%
1997 32.4% 91.3% 18.6% 68%
1996 33.1% 85.3% 17.6% 65.3%
1995 32.8% 80.7% 21.3% 72.2%
1994 32.1% 73.3% 21.7% 69.3%
1993 31.4% 63.2% 23.1% 74.7%
1992 29.6% 57.9% 22.3% 67%
1991 28.6% 54.1% 20.8% 59.1%
1990 28.8% 54.8% 22.6% 70.5%
1989 29.2% 65.7% - -
1988 29.9% 71.9% - -
1987 30.6% 75.8% - -
1986 30.4% 74.1% - -
1985 30.4% 68.3% - -
1984 31.2% 65.6% - -
1983 31.8% 63.5% - -
1982 31.7% 57.7% - -
1981 31.5% 52.8% - -
1980 33.5% 47.8% - -
1979 33.2% 43.8% - -
1978 32.1% 39% - -
1977 30.4% 31.1% - -
1976 29.1% 26.1% - -
1975 28.5% 20.9% - -
1974 25.5% 16.7% - -
1973 23.3% 15.9% - -
1972 23.1% 16.3% - -
1971 21.8% 12.6% - -
1970 20.2% 11.2% - -
1969 19.8% 11.4% - -
1968 20.1% 11.8% - -
1967 19.9% 11.4% - -
1966 20.8% 11.2% - -
1965 20.4% 9.78% - -
1964 19.8% 8.53% - -
1963 20% 8.66% - -
1962 19.4% 9.01% - -
1961 18.2% 8.44% - -
1960 18.4% 10.4% - -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/japan/morocco | CC BY

In 2025, Japan's government spending was $1.63T, accounting for 36.9% of its GDP, while Morocco spent $57B, or 31.3% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 206.5% in Japan and 67.1% in Morocco, ranking 3/185 and 64/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Japan

Morocco
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Japan Morocco
2025 -1.05% -3.54%
2024 -1.67% -3.92%
2023 -2.39% -4.41%
2022 -4.23% -5.37%
2021 -6.32% -5.92%
2020 -9.04% -7.15%
2019 -3.05% -3.8%
2018 -2.44% -3.52%
2017 -3.05% -3.3%
2016 -3.58% -4.49%
2015 -3.64% -4.59%
2014 -5.58% -4.78%
2013 -7.62% -4.7%
2012 -8.22% -6.63%
2011 -9.02% -6.08%
2010 -9.05% -3.93%
2009 -9.62% -1.63%
2008 -4.07% 0.63%
2007 -2.86% -0.12%
2006 -3% -1.8%
2005 -4.39% -5.46%
2004 -5.26% -3.31%
2003 -7.35% -3.74%
2002 -7.22% -4.37%
2001 -6.11% -3.79%
2000 -7.17% -1.97%
1999 -6.68% 3.21%
1998 -9.91% 1.47%
1997 -3.44% 1.5%
1996 -4.75% 0.87%
1995 -4.22% -2.54%
1994 -3.7% -2.51%
1993 -2.34% -2%
1992 0.56% -1.84%
1991 1.64% -0.9%
1990 1.91% -1.32%
1989 1.23% -
1988 0.49% -
1987 -0.36% -
1986 -1.36% -
1985 -1.37% -
1984 -2.62% -
1983 -3.95% -
1982 -3.81% -
1981 -3.85% -
1980 -4.66% -
1979 -5% -
1978 -5.79% -
1977 -4.02% -
1976 -3.89% -
1975 -2.92% -
1974 0.38% -
1973 0.56% -
1972 -0.13% -
1971 1.21% -
1970 1.74% -
1969 1.26% -
1968 0.88% -
1967 0.8% -
1966 -0.34% -
1965 0.48% -
1964 0.85% -
1963 1.08% -
1962 1.49% -
1961 2.58% -
1960 1.85% -
1959 0.97% -
1958 -0.1% -
1957 1.27% -
1956 1.39% -
1955 -0.67% -
1954 0.7% -
1953 1.65% -
1952 2.22% -
1951 5.06% -
1950 6.99% -
1949 12.5% -
1948 7.53% -
1947 6.09% -
1946 - -
1945 - -
1944 - -
1943 0.32% -
1942 -0.13% -
1941 -0.19% -
1940 0.31% -
1939 0.11% -
1938 0.45% -
1937 0.71% -
1936 0.34% -
1935 0.26% -
1934 0.34% -
1933 0.28% -
1932 0.31% -
1931 0.23% -
1930 0.19% -
1929 0.5% -
1928 0.42% -
1927 0.58% -
1926 0.65% -
1925 0.75% -
1924 0.84% -
1923 0.87% -
1922 0.89% -
1921 1.43% -
1920 1.19% -
1919 1.21% -
1918 1.58% -
1917 1.54% -
1916 1.37% -
1915 1.41% -
1914 1.31% -
1913 1.21% -
1912 1.27% -
1911 1.21% -
1910 1.57% -
1909 1.51% -
1908 1.63% -
1907 1.77% -
1906 0.46% -
1905 -0.68% -
1904 -0.81% -
1903 0.19% -
1902 0.44% -
1901 0.21% -
1900 0.53% -
1899 0.2% -
1898 0.6% -
1897 0.33% -
1896 0.88% -
1895 0.28% -
1894 -0.24% -
1893 0.6% -
1892 0.63% -
1891 0.61% -
1890 0.74% -
1889 0.18% -
1888 0.13% -
1887 0.11% -
1886 0.03% -
1885 0.01% -
1884 0.001% -
1883 0.03% -
1882 0.001% -
1881 0.001% -
1880 0.004% -
1879 0.02% -
1878 0.02% -
1877 -0.29% -
1876 -0.42% -
1875 0.005% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1875–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/japan/morocco | CC BY

In 2025, Japan's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $46.7B, equivalent to 1.05% of GDP. This compares to Morocco's deficit of $6.46B, or 3.54% of GDP.

Over the past 36 years, Japan recorded a fiscal deficit in 33 of those years, while Morocco ran a deficit in 31 years. On average, Japan posted an annual deficit equal to 4.66% of GDP, compared to deficit of 2.94% of GDP for Morocco.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Japan

Morocco
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Japan Morocco
2025 3.17% 0.7%
2024 2.74% 0.99%
2023 3.27% 6.09%
2022 2.5% 6.66%
2021 -0.23% 1.4%
2020 -0.02% 0.71%
2019 0.47% 0.3%
2018 0.99% 1.8%
2017 0.48% 0.75%
2016 -0.13% 1.64%
2015 0.8% 1.56%
2014 2.76% 0.44%
2013 0.34% 1.88%
2012 -0.04% 1.29%
2011 -0.27% 0.91%
2010 -0.73% 0.99%
2009 -1.35% 0.97%
2008 1.38% 3.71%
2007 0.06% 2.04%
2006 0.25% 3.28%
2005 -0.28% 0.98%
2004 -0.009% 1.49%
2003 -0.26% 1.17%
2002 -0.92% 2.8%
2001 -0.74% 0.62%
2000 -0.68% 1.89%
1999 -0.34% 0.68%
1998 0.66% 2.75%
1997 1.75% 1.04%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/japan/morocco | CC BY

Over the past 29 years, Japan has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 0.54%, compared with 1.78% in Morocco. In 2025, inflation was 3.17% in Japan and 0.7% in Morocco.

Top exports between countries

Japan
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $305M
Textiles & consumer goods $19M
Raw materials & minerals $16.7M
Chemicals & pharma $10.6M
Miscellaneous $8.22M
Metals $3.36M
Wood & paper products $599K
Precious metals & jewellery $398K
Raw agricultural goods $318K
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $234K
Morocco
Export category Export value
Raw materials & minerals $40.8M
Raw agricultural goods $30.8M
Animal & marine products $27.3M
Machinery & equipment $23.4M
Metals $9.58M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $2.65M
Textiles & consumer goods $1.26M
Chemicals & pharma $527K
Wood & paper products $103K
Precious metals & jewellery $66K

Balance of trade

Japan Morocco
Current account balance
$216B
2025
-$4.56B
2025
Current account balance ranking
3/190
2025
163/190
2025
Current account balance, % of GDP
+4.86%
2025
-2.5%
2025
Goods imports
$729B
2025
$77.2B
2025
Goods exports
$725B
2025
$43.7B
2025
Service imports
$269B
2025
$16.7B
2025
Service exports
$246B
2025
$33.6B
2025
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
22.9%
2024
51.1%
2025
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
22%
2024
42%
2025

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Japan Morocco
Economic freedom 70.3 61.8
Economic freedom ranking 36/197 91/197
Property rights 94.2 55.2
Government integrity 81.1 35.6
Judicial effectiveness 97.9 32.5
Tax burden 63 65.5
Government spending 52 67.5
Fiscal health 41.7 57.5
Business freedom 77.8 72.1
Labor freedom 65.9 46.2
Monetary freedom 74.3 79.6
Trade freedom 76.2 69.8
Investment freedom 60 80
Financial freedom 60 80

Economic freedom comparison by year

Japan
Morocco
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Japan Morocco
2026 70.3 61.8
2025 70.2 60.3
2024 67.5 56.8
2023 69.3 58.4
2022 69.9 59.2
2021 74.1 63.3
2020 73.3 63.3
2019 72.1 62.9
2018 72.3 61.9
2017 69.6 61.5
2016 73.1 61.3
2015 73.3 60.1
2014 72.4 58.3
2013 71.8 59.6
2012 71.6 60.2
2011 72.8 59.6
2010 72.9 59.2
2009 72.8 57.7
2008 73 55.6
2007 72.7 56.4
2006 73.3 51.5
2005 67.3 52.2
2004 64.3 56.7
2003 67.6 57.8
2002 66.7 59
2001 70.9 63.9
2000 70.7 63.2
1999 69.1 63.8
1998 70.2 61.1
1997 70.3 64.7
1996 72.6 64.3
1995 75 62.8

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/japan/morocco | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Japan is 70.3, ranking 36/197, compared to 61.8 for Morocco, ranking 91/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Japan Morocco
Services, % of GDP
71.4%
2024
52.3%
2025
Industry, % of GDP
26.8%
2024
25.2%
2025
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
0.96%
2024
10.5%
2025
GNI, Atlas method
$4.73T
2025
$170B
2025
GNI per capita, PPP
$58,920
2025
$10,960
2025
Total reserves including gold
$1.37T
2025
$48.5B
2025
Total reserves ranking
3/177
2025
50/177
2025
Net foreign direct investment
$172B
2025
-$2.51B
2025
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$18.9B
2024
$1.75B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$207B
2024
$679M
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI n/a
5.63%
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
16.1%
2020
3.9%
2022
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
27.7%
2024
31.9%
2025

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1875–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  6. TradeMap (2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  9. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2020, retrieved 2026-07-08)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.