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Economy of Morocco vs Spain compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank

Morocco has a GDP of $182B compared to $1.91T for Spain, ranking 58/197 and 12/197 by economy size, respectively.

Morocco has $122B in government debt (67.1% of GDP), compared to $1.91T (100.4% of GDP) in Spain.

Morocco vs Spain GDP by year

Morocco
Spain
1x
Year GDP, current $
Morocco Spain
2025 $182,374,250,612 $1,906,453,309,986
2024 $160,610,994,055 $1,725,671,652,742
2023 $146,036,093,667 $1,619,481,980,720
2022 $131,245,312,804 $1,448,850,658,407
2021 $142,022,058,447 $1,461,244,901,853
2020 $121,353,645,057 $1,289,783,836,971
2019 $128,920,266,409 $1,403,496,387,686
2018 $127,341,147,582 $1,431,642,809,327
2017 $118,540,573,368 $1,321,754,088,819
2016 $111,572,947,005 $1,243,015,667,917
2015 $110,413,823,842 $1,206,164,777,553
2014 $119,130,841,412 $1,380,244,561,362
2013 $115,739,287,305 $1,362,186,923,158
2012 $106,937,392,311 $1,330,994,811,670
2011 $110,080,631,332 $1,487,568,659,241
2010 $100,865,329,473 $1,427,989,078,917
2009 $101,154,952,241 $1,496,587,590,848
2008 $101,822,906,949 $1,636,115,447,613
2007 $86,947,913,287 $1,476,746,276,855
2006 $75,883,823,301 $1,261,846,683,275
2005 $68,852,658,069 $1,154,667,551,776
2004 $66,114,145,451 $1,069,829,382,515
2003 $58,029,363,354 $907,963,217,058
2002 $47,077,192,188 $708,938,227,244
2001 $43,831,480,208 $627,798,682,379
2000 $43,017,455,402 $598,102,854,756
1999 $46,266,428,648 $634,394,904,387
1998 $46,497,608,725 $618,731,484,575
1997 $39,147,844,526 $589,739,772,727
1996 $43,161,571,528 $642,251,412,058
1995 $39,030,285,468 $614,170,002,669
1994 $35,604,137,423 $530,183,651,720
1993 $31,655,473,664 $524,700,572,624
1992 $33,711,069,431 $630,465,353,486
1991 $32,285,573,574 $576,753,902,322
1990 $30,179,954,775 $536,175,326,477
1989 $26,314,313,191 $414,460,794,097
1988 $25,705,296,184 $375,891,716,898
1987 $21,765,195,948 $318,520,253,335
1986 $19,462,085,540 $251,141,555,186
1985 $14,991,283,216 $180,664,322,896
1984 $14,824,667,954 $171,979,977,230
1983 $16,251,408,128 $170,829,074,246
1982 $17,692,276,734 $195,856,752,991
1981 $17,788,185,479 $202,663,023,968
1980 $21,728,516,153 $232,600,556,974
1979 $15,911,994,817 $214,448,666,336
1978 $13,236,946,234 $160,484,969,618
1977 $11,049,783,872 $132,354,665,936
1976 $9,584,297,284 $118,422,534,195
1975 $8,984,853,005 $114,695,060,870
1974 $7,675,466,449 $97,204,522,642
1973 $6,242,145,880 $78,583,355,226
1972 $5,074,117,545 $59,090,176,029
1971 $4,356,669,034 $46,586,119,760
1970 $3,956,336,244 $40,963,715,237
1969 $3,651,622,669 $37,090,689,288
1968 $3,271,422,333 $32,394,326,464
1967 $3,046,345,314 $32,570,905,397
1966 $2,876,401,297 $29,559,436,183
1965 $2,948,331,090 $25,479,619,607
1964 $2,798,345,299 $21,966,876,027
1963 $2,657,252,578 $19,631,714,760
1962 $2,379,611,125 $16,609,632,791
1961 $2,025,693,540 $14,238,126,760
1960 $2,037,154,742 $12,424,514,014

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/morocco/spain | CC BY

GDP per capita in Morocco vs Spain by year

Morocco
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Spain
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Morocco Spain
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2025 $4,746 - $38,627 -
2024 $4,218 $10,415 $35,327 $57,965
2023 $3,872 $9,895 $33,493 $55,682
2022 $3,516 $9,310 $30,319 $51,399
2021 $3,843 $8,623 $30,799 $44,252
2020 $3,317 $7,705 $27,234 $39,328
2019 $3,560 $8,046 $29,787 $44,043
2018 $3,553 $7,801 $30,602 $41,015
2017 $3,344 $8,115 $28,381 $39,825
2016 $3,186 $7,853 $26,756 $37,613
2015 $3,190 $7,799 $25,982 $35,229
2014 $3,483 $7,237 $29,708 $33,761
2013 $3,425 $7,542 $29,229 $32,614
2012 $3,206 $7,308 $28,456 $31,870
2011 $3,345 $7,274 $31,825 $32,016
2010 $3,107 $6,849 $30,659 $31,805
2009 $3,158 $6,629 $32,280 $32,218
2008 $3,222 $6,437 $35,603 $33,350
2007 $2,788 $6,058 $32,652 $32,536
2006 $2,466 $5,781 $28,422 $30,749
2005 $2,268 $5,275 $26,451 $27,630
2004 $2,207 $5,025 $24,925 $26,160
2003 $1,962 $4,741 $21,522 $25,057
2002 $1,612 $4,436 $17,111 $24,378
2001 $1,521 $4,269 $15,368 $22,952
2000 $1,513 $3,930 $14,743 $21,582
1999 $1,651 $3,801 $15,708 $19,938
1998 $1,683 $3,740 $15,382 $19,083
1997 $1,439 $3,502 $14,722 $17,903
1996 $1,610 $3,551 $16,101 $16,971
1995 $1,478 $3,152 $15,461 $16,276
1994 $1,369 $3,315 $13,406 $15,582
1993 $1,236 $2,979 $13,330 $14,973
1992 $1,337 $2,979 $16,101 $14,855
1991 $1,302 $3,025 $14,801 $14,461
1990 $1,238 $2,777 $13,795 $13,676
1989 $1,099 - $10,674 -
1988 $1,094 - $9,696 -
1987 $944 - $8,234 -
1986 $861 - $6,509 -
1985 $678 - $4,696 -
1984 $687 - $4,487 -
1983 $772 - $4,475 -
1982 $862 - $5,156 -
1981 $890 - $5,367 -
1980 $1,117 - $6,204 -
1979 $839 - $5,766 -
1978 $716 - $4,353 -
1977 $613 - $3,625 -
1976 $545 - $3,277 -
1975 $524 - $3,208 -
1974 $459 - $2,748 -
1973 $382 - $2,246 -
1972 $319 - $1,708 -
1971 $280.6 - $1,361 -
1970 $261.5 - $1,211 -
1969 $247.8 - $1,109 -
1968 $228 - $978 -
1967 $218.1 - $997 -
1966 $211.5 - $916 -
1965 $222.7 - $797 -
1964 $216.9 - $695 -
1963 $211.3 - $627 -
1962 $194.2 - $535 -
1961 $169.8 - $463 -
1960 $175.2 - $408 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/morocco/spain | CC BY

Morocco's GDP per capita is $4,746, ranking 126/197, compared to $38,627 in Spain, ranking 31/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Morocco ranks 132nd at $10,415, while Spain ranks 34th at $57,965.

Economic indicators

Morocco Spain
Gross domestic product
$182B
2025
$1.91T
2025
GDP rank
58/197
2025
12/197
2025
GDP growth
4.6%
2024-2025
2.82%
2024-2025
GDP per capita
$4,746
2025
$38,627
2025
GDP per capita rank
126/197
2025
31/197
2025
GDP per capita, PPP
$10,415
2024
$57,965
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
132/197
2024
34/197
2024
Government debt
$122B
2025
$1.91T
2025
Debt-to-GDP ratio
67.1%
2025
100.4%
2025
Government debt per person
$3,183
2025
$38,794
2025
Government debt per person rank
102/185
2025
20/185
2025
Average annual personal income after taxes
$4,045
2026
$24,910
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$114B
2025
$1.3T
2025
Number of millionaires n/a
1,077,000
2026
Number of billionaires
3
2026
34
2026
Income share by richest 10%
31.9%
2013
24.5%
2023
Income share by poorest 10%
2.7%
2013
2.2%
2023
Government expenditure, % of GDP
31.3%
2025
44.7%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
0.7%
2024-2025
2.7%
2024-2025
Central bank interest rate
2.25%
2025
n/a
Unemployment rate
11.8%
2022
10.5%
2025
Population
38938817
49323658

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Morocco
Spending

Debt
Spain
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Morocco Spain
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2025 31.3% 67.1% 44.7% 100.4%
2024 30.9% 67.7% 45.5% 101.6%
2023 30.2% 68.7% 45.4% 105.1%
2022 31.8% 71.4% 46.3% 109.2%
2021 30.1% 69.4% 49.5% 115.6%
2020 34.1% 72.2% 51.4% 119.2%
2019 27% 60.3% 42% 97.6%
2018 27.8% 60.5% 41.5% 99.7%
2017 27.9% 60.3% 41% 101.1%
2016 28.6% 60.1% 42.1% 102%
2015 28.5% 58.4% 43.7% 102.4%
2014 30.7% 58.6% 45.1% 104.4%
2013 30.4% 57.1% 46.2% 100%
2012 32.5% 52.3% 49.2% 89.6%
2011 31.2% 48.6% 45.9% 69.5%
2010 28.7% 45.3% 45.8% 60.3%
2009 28.1% 42.6% 46.1% 53.1%
2008 28.3% 42% 41.3% 39.6%
2007 26.4% 47.1% 39.2% 35.7%
2006 26% 50.6% 38.4% 39%
2005 28.6% 54.8% 38.4% 42.4%
2004 24.5% 54.4% 38.8% 45.3%
2003 24.1% 56.9% 38.4% 47.7%
2002 25.8% 59.4% 38.6% 51.2%
2001 23.7% 60.4% 38.4% 54.1%
2000 22.8% 64.9% 39.1% 57.8%
1999 18.4% 63.4% 40% 60.9%
1998 18.7% 64.5% 41% 62.4%
1997 18.6% 68% 41.5% 64.3%
1996 17.6% 65.3% 42.9% 65.4%
1995 21.3% 72.2% 44.1% 61.6%
1994 21.7% 69.3% 44.8% 57%
1993 23.1% 74.7% 46.3% 54.6%
1992 22.3% 67% 43.9% 44.1%
1991 20.8% 59.1% 42.6% 41.9%
1990 22.6% 70.5% 41.1% 41.3%
1989 - - 32.1% 39.2%
1988 - - 28.6% 38.2%
1987 - - 31.1% 42.1%
1986 - - 28.4% 36.5%
1985 - - 27.6% 31.5%
1984 - - 27% 18.3%
1983 - - 26% 13.4%
1982 - - 21.5% 12%
1981 - - 18.1% 10.9%
1980 - - 16.3% 10.2%
1979 - - 14.3% 9.88%
1978 - - 14.3% 9.93%
1977 - - 12.8% 8.75%
1976 - - 11.5% 8.21%
1975 - - 11.4% 11.9%
1974 - - 11.4% 13.6%
1973 - - 9.88% 16.3%
1972 - - 12.5% 17.6%
1971 - - 14% 17.9%
1970 - - 12.3% 19.2%
1969 - - 12.3% 18.8%
1968 - - 12.8% 18.3%
1967 - - 12.5% 17.6%
1966 - - 11.8% 17.7%
1965 - - 14% 18.1%
1964 - - 12.7% 19.5%
1963 - - 12.4% 21%
1962 - - 10.6% 24.4%
1961 - - 9.97% 26.7%
1960 - - 11% 29.4%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/morocco/spain | CC BY

In 2025, Morocco's government spending was $57B, accounting for 31.3% of its GDP, while Spain spent $852B, or 44.7% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 67.1% in Morocco and 100.4% in Spain, ranking 64/185 and 25/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Morocco

Spain
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Morocco Spain
2025 -3.54% -2.5%
2024 -3.92% -3.22%
2023 -4.41% -3.34%
2022 -5.37% -4.59%
2021 -5.92% -6.66%
2020 -7.15% -10%
2019 -3.8% -3.04%
2018 -3.52% -2.58%
2017 -3.3% -3.1%
2016 -4.49% -4.26%
2015 -4.59% -5.26%
2014 -4.78% -6.07%
2013 -4.7% -7.49%
2012 -6.63% -11.5%
2011 -6.08% -9.69%
2010 -3.93% -9.49%
2009 -1.63% -11.2%
2008 0.63% -4.56%
2007 -0.12% 1.88%
2006 -1.8% 2.12%
2005 -5.46% 1.23%
2004 -3.31% -0.1%
2003 -3.74% -0.37%
2002 -4.37% -0.32%
2001 -3.79% -0.45%
2000 -1.97% -1.16%
1999 3.21% -1.24%
1998 1.47% -2.63%
1997 1.5% -3.86%
1996 0.87% -5.87%
1995 -2.54% -6.79%
1994 -2.51% -6.31%
1993 -2% -6.89%
1992 -1.84% -4.26%
1991 -0.9% -4.58%
1990 -1.32% -3.9%
1989 - -3.24%
1988 - -2.95%
1987 - -3.52%
1986 - -5.18%
1985 - -6.04%
1984 - -5.25%
1983 - -4.77%
1982 - -5.76%
1981 - -2.88%
1980 - -2.55%
1979 - -1.51%
1978 - -1.63%
1977 - -0.24%
1976 - 0.43%
1975 - 0.26%
1974 - 0.11%
1973 - 1.09%
1972 - 0.24%
1971 - -0.96%
1970 - 0.09%
1969 - -0.06%
1968 - -0.55%
1967 - -0.32%
1966 - 0.07%
1965 - -0.04%
1964 - 0.18%
1963 - -0.54%
1962 - 1.27%
1961 - 1.9%
1960 - 0.69%
1959 - 0.54%
1958 - 0.23%
1957 - 1.13%
1956 - -0.05%
1955 - 0.6%
1954 - 0.7%
1953 - 1.02%
1952 - 0.81%
1951 - -0.24%
1950 - -0.44%
1949 - -0.35%
1948 - -1.21%
1947 - -1.09%
1946 - -2.24%
1945 - -4.56%
1944 - -5.44%
1943 - -7.73%
1942 - -2.48%
1941 - -4.34%
1940 - -3.54%
1939 - -
1938 - -
1937 - -
1936 - -
1935 - -0.49%
1934 - -1.17%
1933 - -0.72%
1932 - -0.3%
1931 - 0.1%
1930 - 0.3%
1929 - -0.07%
1928 - -0.31%
1927 - -0.54%
1926 - -0.65%
1925 - -1.19%
1924 - -1.76%
1923 - -1.89%
1922 - -2.26%
1921 - -3.33%
1920 - -2.4%
1919 - -1.82%
1918 - -1.8%
1917 - -1.49%
1916 - -1.15%
1915 - -2.97%
1914 - -1.04%
1913 - -0.09%
1912 - -0.33%
1911 - 0.19%
1910 - 0.09%
1909 - -0.29%
1908 - 0.59%
1907 - 0.66%
1906 - 0.91%
1905 - 0.71%
1904 - 0.52%
1903 - 0.28%
1902 - 0.74%
1901 - 0.69%
1900 - 1.04%
1899 - 2.75%
1898 - 0.13%
1897 - -0.64%
1896 - 0.46%
1895 - 0.83%
1894 - -0.08%
1893 - 0.87%
1892 - -0.67%
1891 - -0.41%
1890 - -0.4%
1889 - -0.38%
1888 - -0.97%
1887 - -0.73%
1886 - -0.08%
1885 - -0.78%
1884 - -0.23%
1883 - -0.38%
1882 - 0.38%
1881 - 0.08%
1880 - -0.02%
1879 - -0.52%
1878 - -0.08%
1877 - 0.11%
1876 - 0.1%
1875 - -1.42%
1874 - -0.1%
1873 - 2.22%
1872 - -2.27%
1871 - -2.64%
1870 - -3.42%
1869 - -2.64%
1868 - -1.46%
1867 - -0.79%
1866 - -0.83%
1865 - -1.84%
1864 - -2.48%
1863 - -1.55%
1862 - -1.76%
1861 - -1.77%
1860 - -0.94%
1859 - 0.39%
1858 - -0.44%
1857 - -0.41%
1856 - -0.46%
1855 - -0.76%
1854 - -0.32%
1853 - -0.02%
1852 - -0.11%
1851 - -0.25%
1850 - 0.31%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1850–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/morocco/spain | CC BY

In 2025, Morocco's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $6.46B, equivalent to 3.54% of GDP. This compares to Spain's deficit of $47.6B, or 2.5% of GDP.

Over the past 36 years, Morocco recorded a fiscal deficit in 31 of those years, while Spain ran a deficit in 33 years. On average, Morocco posted an annual deficit equal to 2.94% of GDP, compared to deficit of 4.23% of GDP for Spain.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Morocco

Spain
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Morocco Spain
2025 0.7% 2.7%
2024 0.99% 2.75%
2023 6.09% 3.53%
2022 6.66% 8.39%
2021 1.4% 3.09%
2020 0.71% -0.32%
2019 0.3% 0.7%
2018 1.8% 1.67%
2017 0.75% 1.96%
2016 1.64% -0.2%
2015 1.56% -0.5%
2014 0.44% -0.15%
2013 1.88% 1.41%
2012 1.29% 2.45%
2011 0.91% 3.2%
2010 0.99% 1.8%
2009 0.97% -0.29%
2008 3.71% 4.08%
2007 2.04% 2.79%
2006 3.28% 3.52%
2005 0.98% 3.37%
2004 1.49% 3.04%
2003 1.17% 3.04%
2002 2.8% 3.07%
2001 0.62% 3.59%
2000 1.89% 3.43%
1999 0.68% 2.31%
1998 2.75% 1.83%
1997 1.04% 1.97%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/morocco/spain | CC BY

Over the past 29 years, Morocco has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 1.78%, compared with 2.35% in Spain. In 2025, inflation was 0.7% in Morocco and 2.7% in Spain.

Top exports between countries

Morocco
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $4.44B
Textiles & consumer goods $3.24B
Animal & marine products $995M
Raw agricultural goods $848M
Raw materials & minerals $560M
Metals $265M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $261M
Chemicals & pharma $177M
Wood & paper products $19M
Miscellaneous $8.12M
Spain
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $4.62B
Textiles & consumer goods $2.16B
Raw materials & minerals $1.74B
Metals $1.65B
Chemicals & pharma $1.48B
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $689M
Animal & marine products $433M
Wood & paper products $331M
Transport & tourism services $301M
Raw agricultural goods $281M

Balance of trade

Morocco Spain
Current account balance
-$4.56B
2025
$56B
2025
Current account balance ranking
163/190
2025
12/190
2025
Current account balance, % of GDP
-2.5%
2025
+2.94%
2025
Goods imports
$77.2B
2025
$499B
2025
Goods exports
$43.7B
2025
$443B
2025
Service imports
$16.7B
2025
$127B
2025
Service exports
$33.6B
2025
$256B
2025
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
51.1%
2025
32.8%
2025
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
42%
2025
36.6%
2025

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Morocco Spain
Economic freedom 61.8 66.8
Economic freedom ranking 91/197 59/197
Property rights 55.2 88
Government integrity 35.6 64.2
Judicial effectiveness 32.5 74.3
Tax burden 65.5 58.2
Government spending 67.5 37.3
Fiscal health 57.5 57.3
Business freedom 72.1 82.6
Labor freedom 46.2 61.7
Monetary freedom 79.6 78.2
Trade freedom 69.8 79.4
Investment freedom 80 60
Financial freedom 80 60

Economic freedom comparison by year

Morocco
Spain
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Morocco Spain
2026 61.8 66.8
2025 60.3 66.3
2024 56.8 63.3
2023 58.4 65
2022 59.2 68.2
2021 63.3 69.9
2020 63.3 66.9
2019 62.9 65.7
2018 61.9 65.1
2017 61.5 63.6
2016 61.3 68.5
2015 60.1 67.6
2014 58.3 67.2
2013 59.6 68
2012 60.2 69.1
2011 59.6 70.2
2010 59.2 69.6
2009 57.7 70.1
2008 55.6 69.1
2007 56.4 69.2
2006 51.5 68.2
2005 52.2 67
2004 56.7 68.9
2003 57.8 68.8
2002 59 68.8
2001 63.9 68.1
2000 63.2 65.9
1999 63.8 65.1
1998 61.1 62.6
1997 64.7 59.6
1996 64.3 59.6
1995 62.8 62.8

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/morocco/spain | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Morocco is 61.8, ranking 91/197, compared to 66.8 for Spain, ranking 59/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Morocco Spain
Services, % of GDP
52.3%
2025
68.4%
2025
Industry, % of GDP
25.2%
2025
19.6%
2025
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
10.5%
2025
2.68%
2025
GNI, Atlas method
$170B
2025
$1.83T
2025
GNI per capita, PPP
$10,960
2025
$59,830
2025
Total reserves including gold
$48.5B
2025
$129B
2025
Total reserves ranking
50/177
2025
23/177
2025
Net foreign direct investment
-$2.51B
2025
$18.3B
2025
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$1.75B
2024
$42.8B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$679M
2024
$71.5B
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
5.63%
2024
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
3.9%
2022
20.2%
2022
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
31.9%
2025
21.4%
2025

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/morocco/spain | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1850–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  6. TradeMap (2023–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.