Skip to content

Economy of Colombia vs France compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank

Colombia has a GDP of $457B compared to $3.37T for France, ranking 37/197 and 7/197 by economy size, respectively.

Colombia has $274B in government debt (59.9% of GDP), compared to $3.9T (116% of GDP) in France.

Colombia vs France GDP by year

Colombia
France
1x
Year GDP, current $
Colombia France
2025 $457,410,034,203 $3,366,315,927,447
2024 $420,504,033,143 $3,160,442,622,465
2023 $366,901,643,683 $3,056,250,648,138
2022 $345,632,492,851 $2,794,788,137,067
2021 $318,524,633,225 $2,966,433,692,008
2020 $270,348,342,541 $2,647,926,055,110
2019 $323,031,701,193 $2,722,793,515,172
2018 $334,198,218,098 $2,781,576,320,884
2017 $311,866,875,157 $2,588,868,323,335
2016 $282,720,100,286 $2,470,407,619,777
2015 $293,492,370,193 $2,442,483,452,643
2014 $381,240,864,422 $2,861,236,112,552
2013 $382,093,697,078 $2,816,077,607,875
2012 $370,691,143,018 $2,683,007,095,787
2011 $334,966,134,805 $2,870,408,553,990
2010 $286,498,534,095 $2,646,230,027,988
2009 $232,468,663,110 $2,700,075,882,519
2008 $242,504,150,473 $2,926,802,941,586
2007 $206,229,540,926 $2,655,816,911,867
2006 $161,792,958,905 $2,317,861,544,691
2005 $145,600,529,606 $2,192,146,403,028
2004 $117,092,416,666 $2,109,792,297,237
2003 $94,644,969,157 $1,835,095,983,049
2002 $97,945,812,803 $1,492,427,756,382
2001 $98,200,641,203 $1,370,376,677,299
2000 $99,875,074,951 $1,360,959,069,477
1999 $86,186,158,685 $1,486,915,879,702
1998 $98,443,739,941 $1,496,906,382,032
1997 $106,659,508,271 $1,449,392,222,971
1996 $97,160,109,278 $1,598,889,216,566
1995 $92,507,279,383 $1,595,219,345,512
1994 $81,703,500,846 $1,385,822,778,828
1993 $66,446,804,803 $1,314,383,368,080
1992 $58,418,985,443 $1,389,663,073,110
1991 $49,175,565,911 $1,258,961,748,634
1990 $47,844,090,710 $1,257,649,439,827
1989 $39,540,080,200 $1,016,742,237,302
1988 $39,212,550,050 $1,010,827,662,152
1987 $36,373,307,085 $926,320,855,615
1986 $34,942,489,684 $764,946,585,851
1985 $34,894,411,352 $547,220,981,165
1984 $38,253,120,738 $525,033,325,828
1983 $38,729,822,782 $553,356,312,936
1982 $38,968,039,722 $578,152,310,610
1981 $36,388,366,869 $609,184,791,792
1980 $33,400,735,644 $694,529,183,483
1979 $27,940,411,250 $608,218,624,730
1978 $23,263,511,958 $501,724,418,605
1977 $19,470,960,619 $406,401,711,688
1976 $15,341,403,660 $368,363,152,144
1975 $13,098,633,902 $357,324,307,786
1974 $12,370,029,584 $282,739,225,314
1973 $10,315,760,000 $261,970,536,240
1972 $8,671,358,733 $201,738,881,664
1971 $7,820,380,971 $164,694,210,962
1970 $7,198,360,460 $147,312,861,698
1969 $6,450,175,214 $140,660,914,841
1968 $5,960,212,869 $128,710,572,572
1967 $5,825,170,438 $118,088,635,381
1966 $5,428,518,519 $109,306,730,313
1965 $5,760,761,905 $100,927,668,584
1964 $5,973,366,667 $93,424,179,943
1963 $4,836,166,667 $84,227,606,650
1962 $4,955,543,963 $75,196,980,365
1961 $4,540,447,761 $67,158,050,215
1960 $4,031,152,977 $61,959,085,885

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/colombia/france | CC BY

GDP per capita in Colombia vs France by year

Colombia
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
France
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Colombia France
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2025 $8,562 - $48,986 -
2024 $7,951 $22,349 $46,103 $62,557
2023 $7,012 $21,246 $44,700 $60,839
2022 $6,680 $20,854 $40,989 $57,043
2021 $6,223 $17,383 $43,725 $52,517
2020 $5,340 $15,519 $39,170 $49,482
2019 $6,473 $16,182 $40,408 $51,130
2018 $6,817 $15,239 $41,418 $46,381
2017 $6,480 $14,401 $38,687 $44,469
2016 $5,960 $14,027 $37,024 $42,880
2015 $6,249 $13,332 $36,702 $40,905
2014 $8,187 $13,355 $43,148 $40,218
2013 $8,279 $12,780 $42,669 $39,583
2012 $8,109 $12,093 $40,864 $37,671
2011 $7,401 $11,707 $43,930 $37,510
2010 $6,398 $10,841 $40,695 $35,908
2009 $5,251 $10,367 $41,728 $34,685
2008 $5,542 $10,307 $45,465 $35,053
2007 $4,770 $9,909 $41,486 $34,066
2006 $3,790 $9,154 $36,432 $32,424
2005 $3,456 $8,432 $34,696 $30,431
2004 $2,819 $7,909 $33,645 $28,921
2003 $2,312 $7,420 $29,480 $28,024
2002 $2,429 $7,109 $24,145 $28,350
2001 $2,473 $6,935 $22,332 $27,347
2000 $2,555 $6,776 $22,341 $26,007
1999 $2,241 $6,544 $24,576 $24,204
1998 $2,605 $6,854 $24,869 $23,263
1997 $2,873 $6,861 $24,169 $22,190
1996 $2,665 $6,639 $26,758 $21,268
1995 $2,584 $6,506 $26,792 $20,701
1994 $2,326 $6,174 $23,360 $19,892
1993 $1,929 $5,826 $22,239 $19,094
1992 $1,730 $5,509 $23,615 $18,801
1991 $1,486 $5,281 $21,501 $18,198
1990 $1,475 $5,109 $21,586 $17,475
1989 $1,244 - $17,547 -
1988 $1,260 - $17,550 -
1987 $1,193 - $16,176 -
1986 $1,169 - $13,430 -
1985 $1,192 - $9,657 -
1984 $1,336 - $9,312 -
1983 $1,384 - $9,862 -
1982 $1,425 - $10,360 -
1981 $1,362 - $10,956 -
1980 $1,280 - $12,565 -
1979 $1,095 - $11,063 -
1978 $932 - $9,167 -
1977 $798 - $7,459 -
1976 $643 - $6,792 -
1975 $561 - $6,617 -
1974 $542 - $5,261 -
1973 $462 - $4,907 -
1972 $397 - $3,809 -
1971 $367 - $3,137 -
1970 $346 - $2,833 -
1969 $318 - $2,729 -
1968 $302 - $2,518 -
1967 $303 - $2,328 -
1966 $290.3 - $2,173 -
1965 $317 - $2,024 -
1964 $339 - $1,891 -
1963 $282.6 - $1,723 -
1962 $298.5 - $1,554 -
1961 $282.1 - $1,402 -
1960 $258.3 - $1,307 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/colombia/france | CC BY

Colombia's GDP per capita is $8,562, ranking 94/197, compared to $48,986 in France, ranking 27/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Colombia ranks 87th at $22,349, while France ranks 30th at $62,557.

Economic indicators

Colombia France
Gross domestic product
$457B
2025
$3.37T
2025
GDP rank
37/197
2025
7/197
2025
GDP growth
2.64%
2024-2025
0.84%
2024-2025
GDP per capita
$8,562
2025
$48,986
2025
GDP per capita rank
94/197
2025
27/197
2025
GDP per capita, PPP
$22,349
2024
$62,557
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
87/197
2024
30/197
2024
Government debt
$274B
2025
$3.9T
2025
Debt-to-GDP ratio
59.9%
2025
116%
2025
Government debt per person
$5,126
2025
$56,819
2025
Government debt per person rank
85/185
2025
8/185
2025
Average annual personal income after taxes
$6,463
2026
$35,062
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$133B
2025
$2.37T
2018
Number of millionaires n/a
2,388,000
2026
Number of billionaires
4
2026
51
2026
Income share by richest 10%
42.7%
2024
25%
2023
Income share by poorest 10%
1%
2024
3%
2023
Government expenditure, % of GDP
33.2%
2025
57.5%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
5.14%
2024-2025
0.94%
2024-2025
Central bank interest rate
11.3%
2026
n/a
Unemployment rate
8.43%
2025
7.7%
2025
Population
54209462
68871753

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Colombia
Spending

Debt
France
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Colombia France
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2025 33.2% 59.9% 57.5% 116%
2024 34.4% 61% 57.3% 113.2%
2023 35.1% 55.4% 56.8% 109.6%
2022 34.1% 61.3% 58.4% 111.4%
2021 34.5% 64.4% 59.5% 112.8%
2020 33.7% 65.3% 61.7% 114.9%
2019 32.9% 51% 55.3% 98.2%
2018 34.7% 51.8% 56.4% 98.5%
2017 29.3% 49.4% 57.7% 98.8%
2016 30% 49.9% 57.4% 98.1%
2015 31.3% 50.4% 57.6% 97%
2014 31.3% 43.3% 58.4% 96.2%
2013 30% 37.6% 58.6% 94.6%
2012 29.1% 34% 57.9% 91.7%
2011 30.2% 35.8% 57% 88.7%
2010 30.4% 36.5% 57.7% 86.3%
2009 30.9% 35.4% 58% 84.1%
2008 28.4% 32.4% 54.3% 69.8%
2007 28.2% 32.7% 53.6% 65.5%
2006 28.4% 36% 53.7% 65.4%
2005 25.9% 38.5% 54.3% 68.2%
2004 26.6% 41.5% 54% 66.9%
2003 28% 45% 54.4% 65.4%
2002 28.1% 47.5% 53.9% 61.3%
2001 27.5% 41.1% 52.8% 59.3%
2000 26.6% 38% 52.6% 59.7%
1999 28.3% 34% 53.7% 61.4%
1998 26.3% 27.5% 54% 62.1%
1997 26.2% 25.3% 55.6% 62%
1996 25.1% 23.3% 56% 60.6%
1995 22.2% 13.8% 56% 57.8%
1994 20.6% 12.5% 55.9% 51.6%
1993 20% 14.2% 56.5% 48.2%
1992 18.4% 16.1% 54% 41.7%
1991 17.7% 14.5% 52.7% 37.8%
1990 17.4% 16.7% 51.6% 36.8%
1989 10.3% 17.3% 48.9% 34%
1988 10.3% 17.9% 50.1% 33.3%
1987 9.7% 18.9% 50.7% 33.4%
1986 9.8% 20.2% 51.3% 31.1%
1985 10.5% 19.3% 51.9% 30.6%
1984 10.3% 15.5% 51.2% 29%
1983 10.2% 10.8% 50.2% 26.6%
1982 10.6% 8.8% 49.9% 25.3%
1981 9.9% 8.5% 48.5% 22%
1980 9.6% 8% 46% 20.7%
1979 8.6% 7.7% 44.9% 21.1%
1978 8.1% 7.6% 44.7% 21.2%
1977 7.7% 9.2% 21.4% 15%
1976 8% 12.2% 21.7% 15.1%
1975 9.4% 14.6% 22% 16.1%
1974 8.8% 15.9% 19.9% 15.4%
1973 9.4% 16.3% 19.7% 15.8%
1972 10.3% 16.9% 19.8% 17.7%
1971 10.3% 16.2% 20% 20.1%
1970 10% 16.7% 20.5% 21%
1969 9.2% 17% 21.5% 14.4%
1968 8.9% 16.2% 22.7% 15.8%
1967 8.2% 15.8% 21.4% 16.1%
1966 8% 15.3% 21.4% 15.3%
1965 7% 15.2% 21.1% 17.6%
1964 8.1% 13.1% 21% 19.6%
1963 8.6% 13.9% 22.6% 22.2%
1962 7.8% 14.8% 21.7% 23.6%
1961 8.6% 8.7% 21.9% 26.3%
1960 6.7% 7.2% 22.2% 28.5%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1995, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/colombia/france | CC BY

In 2025, Colombia's government spending was $152B, accounting for 33.2% of its GDP, while France spent $1.93T, or 57.5% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 59.9% in Colombia and 116% in France, ranking 78/185 and 13/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Colombia

France
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Colombia France
2025 -5.75% -5.11%
2024 -6.04% -5.79%
2023 -2.92% -5.44%
2022 -6.36% -4.74%
2021 -7.28% -6.58%
2020 -7.12% -8.93%
2019 -3.48% -2.39%
2018 -4.67% -2.32%
2017 -2.5% -3.36%
2016 -2.27% -3.76%
2015 -3.52% -3.89%
2014 -1.74% -4.57%
2013 -1.02% -4.94%
2012 0.15% -5.17%
2011 -1.99% -5.3%
2010 -3.3% -7.16%
2009 -2.67% -7.38%
2008 0.04% -3.5%
2007 -0.82% -2.99%
2006 -0.99% -2.66%
2005 -0.02% -3.5%
2004 -1.31% -3.55%
2003 -2.7% -4.09%
2002 -3.45% -3.18%
2001 -2.71% -1.42%
2000 -2.94% -1.32%
1999 -5.37% -1.55%
1998 -3.86% -2.39%
1997 -3.23% -3.71%
1996 -2.49% -3.89%
1995 -1% -5.11%
1994 -0.14% -5.46%
1993 -0.24% -6.4%
1992 -0.07% -4.64%
1991 0.35% -2.89%
1990 -0.41% -2.45%
1989 -1.4% -1.9%
1988 -1.3% -2.7%
1987 -0.4% -2.13%
1986 -1.4% -3.3%
1985 -2.4% -3.08%
1984 -3.3% -2.8%
1983 -3.1% -2.58%
1982 -3.6% -2.91%
1981 -2.8% -2.39%
1980 -2.2% -0.27%
1979 -0.7% -0.36%
1978 0.3% -1.73%
1977 0.5% 0.9%
1976 0.6% 1.01%
1975 -0.5% -0.28%
1974 -1.2% 3.05%
1973 -1.1% 1.97%
1972 -1.7% 1.94%
1971 -1% -0.13%
1970 -0.7% 0.02%
1969 -0.5% -0.49%
1968 0% -2.54%
1967 -0.2% -0.8%
1966 0.1% -0.57%
1965 -0.6% -0.07%
1964 -1.1% -0.25%
1963 -1.7% -2.24%
1962 -1.6% -1.53%
1961 -1.5% -1.36%
1960 1.2% -1.95%
1959 2% 0.56%
1958 1.7% 0.08%
1957 1.4% -1.99%
1956 -0.2% -2.62%
1955 0.7% -1.04%
1954 1.3% -0.78%
1953 1.3% -4.79%
1952 1.6% -6.82%
1951 2.1% -4.42%
1950 0.9% -5.56%
1949 0.5% -7.31%
1948 -0.1% -9.11%
1947 0.2% -7.6%
1946 -0.5% -8.1%
1945 0.1% -
1944 -0.2% -
1943 -0.7% -
1942 -1.5% -
1941 0% -
1940 -1.5% -
1939 0.8% -
1938 0.5% -
1937 1.4% -6.89%
1936 1.1% -4.76%
1935 1.3% -4.22%
1934 0.2% -4.31%
1933 -0.4% -4.96%
1932 -0.8% -1.86%
1931 -0.2% -2.06%
1930 0.3% -1.65%
1929 0.4% 1.48%
1928 -0.4% 1.13%
1927 -0.6% -0.04%
1926 0% -0.02%
1925 1% -0.87%
1924 0.5% -
1923 0.3% -
1922 -0.7% -
1921 -1.6% -
1920 0.4% -
1919 -0.8% -
1918 -2.1% -
1917 -0.5% -
1916 0.2% -
1915 -0.2% -
1914 -0.5% -
1913 0.5% 0.05%
1912 -0.3% 0.23%
1911 -0.1% 0.31%
1910 -0.3% -0.12%
1909 -3.3% -0.11%
1908 -2.7% -0.15%
1907 -2.7% 0.23%
1906 0.2% -0.04%
1905 -0.9% 0.18%
1904 - 0.3%
1903 - 0.21%
1902 - -0.37%
1901 - -0.39%
1900 - 0.21%
1899 - 0.21%
1898 - 0.29%
1897 - 0.01%
1896 - -0.03%
1895 - -0.07%
1894 - -0.08%
1893 - -0.3%
1892 - -0.03%
1891 - 0.36%
1890 - 0.31%
1889 - 0.09%
1888 - 0.18%
1887 - -0.07%
1886 - -0.5%
1885 - -0.59%
1884 - -0.35%
1883 - -0.23%
1882 - -0.15%
1881 - 0.64%
1880 - 0.65%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1880–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/colombia/france | CC BY

In 2025, Colombia's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $26.3B, equivalent to 5.75% of GDP. This compares to France's deficit of $172B, or 5.11% of GDP.

Over the past 66 years, Colombia recorded a fiscal deficit in 57 of those years, while France ran a deficit in 60 years. On average, Colombia posted an annual deficit equal to 1.93% of GDP, compared to deficit of 2.74% of GDP for France.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Colombia

France
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Colombia France
2025 5.14% 0.94%
2024 6.61% 2%
2023 11.7% 4.88%
2022 10.2% 5.22%
2021 3.5% 1.64%
2020 2.53% 0.48%
2019 3.52% 1.11%
2018 3.24% 1.85%
2017 4.31% 1.03%
2016 7.51% 0.18%
2015 4.99% 0.04%
2014 2.9% 0.51%
2013 2.02% 0.86%
2012 3.17% 1.95%
2011 3.42% 2.11%
2010 2.27% 1.53%
2009 4.2% 0.09%
2008 7% 2.81%
2007 5.54% 1.49%
2006 4.29% 1.68%
2005 5.05% 1.75%
2004 5.9% 2.14%
2003 7.13% 2.1%
2002 6.35% 1.92%
2001 7.97% 1.63%
2000 9.23% 1.68%
1999 10.9% 0.54%
1998 18.7% 0.65%
1997 18.5% 1.2%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/colombia/france | CC BY

Over the past 29 years, Colombia has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 6.47%, compared with 1.59% in France. In 2025, inflation was 5.14% in Colombia and 0.94% in France.

Top exports between countries

Colombia
Export category Export value
Raw agricultural goods $206M
Raw materials & minerals $45.5M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $23.3M
Precious metals & jewellery $13.6M
Machinery & equipment $4.6M
Animal & marine products $3.67M
Chemicals & pharma $3.14M
Textiles & consumer goods $2.97M
Metals $1.69M
Miscellaneous $661K
France
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $449M
Chemicals & pharma $265M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $81.2M
Raw agricultural goods $35.5M
Raw materials & minerals $32.7M
Metals $32.2M
Textiles & consumer goods $28.6M
Animal & marine products $10.1M
Wood & paper products $6.05M
Miscellaneous $2.77M

Balance of trade

Colombia France
Current account balance
-$10.9B
2025
-$9.24B
2025
Current account balance ranking
176/190
2025
173/190
2025
Current account balance, % of GDP
-2.38%
2025
-0.27%
2025
Goods imports
$66.3B
2025
$770B
2025
Goods exports
$51.5B
2025
$704B
2025
Service imports
$19.6B
2025
$370B
2025
Service exports
$19.6B
2025
$429B
2025
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
20.4%
2025
33.8%
2025
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
15%
2025
33.4%
2025

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Colombia France
Economic freedom 59.8 64.6
Economic freedom ranking 101/197 72/197
Property rights 43.1 91.2
Government integrity 41.6 73.4
Judicial effectiveness 57.4 84.7
Tax burden 68.6 54.6
Government spending 64 0.9
Fiscal health 49.8 34.8
Business freedom 71.2 78.4
Labor freedom 59.1 59.1
Monetary freedom 71.9 73.2
Trade freedom 71.4 79.4
Investment freedom 60 75
Financial freedom 60 70

Economic freedom comparison by year

Colombia
France
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Colombia France
2026 59.8 64.6
2025 59.8 64.4
2024 59.2 62.5
2023 63.1 63.6
2022 65.1 65.9
2021 68.1 65.7
2020 69.2 66
2019 67.3 63.8
2018 68.9 63.9
2017 69.7 63.3
2016 70.8 62.3
2015 71.7 62.5
2014 70.7 63.5
2013 69.6 64.1
2012 68 63.2
2011 68 64.6
2010 65.5 64.2
2009 62.3 63.3
2008 62.2 64.7
2007 59.9 62.1
2006 60.4 61.1
2005 59.6 60.5
2004 61.2 60.9
2003 64.2 59.2
2002 64.2 58
2001 65.6 58
2000 63.3 57.4
1999 65.3 59.1
1998 65.5 58.9
1997 66.4 59.1
1996 64.3 63.7
1995 64.5 64.4

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/colombia/france | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Colombia is 59.8, ranking 101/197, compared to 64.6 for France, ranking 72/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Colombia France
Services, % of GDP
58.5%
2025
70.9%
2025
Industry, % of GDP
21.8%
2025
16.8%
2025
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
9.95%
2025
1.4%
2025
GNI, Atlas method
$422B
2025
$3.34T
2025
GNI per capita, PPP
$22,250
2025
$65,110
2025
Total reserves including gold
$65.8B
2025
$428B
2025
Total reserves ranking
41/177
2025
12/177
2025
Net foreign direct investment
-$7.31B
2025
$7.24B
2025
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$13.7B
2024
$52.1B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$4.51B
2024
$41.7B
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
8.17%
2024
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
31.8%
2024
15.6%
2021
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
16.7%
2025
21.9%
2025

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/colombia/france | CC BY

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Help us show the world through your eyes

Share a photo of your city and help others discover what it looks like to live there. Your contribution makes our data come alive.

Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1880–1995, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  6. TradeMap (2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.