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Economy of Equatorial Guinea vs France compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank

Equatorial Guinea has a GDP of $12.8B compared to $3.37T for France, ranking 150/197 and 7/197 by economy size, respectively.

Equatorial Guinea has $5.21B in government debt (40.6% of GDP), compared to $3.9T (116% of GDP) in France.

Equatorial Guinea vs France GDP by year

Equatorial Guinea
France
1x
Year GDP, current $
Equatorial Guinea France
2025 $12,823,210,426 $3,366,315,927,447
2024 $13,254,388,261 $3,160,442,622,465
2023 $12,541,814,273 $3,056,250,648,138
2022 $13,687,643,436 $2,794,788,137,067
2021 $12,215,878,033 $2,966,433,692,008
2020 $9,893,816,008 $2,647,926,055,110
2019 $11,364,133,550 $2,722,793,515,172
2018 $13,097,012,134 $2,781,576,320,884
2017 $12,200,913,879 $2,588,868,323,335
2016 $11,240,808,848 $2,470,407,619,777
2015 $13,185,496,881 $2,442,483,452,643
2014 $21,765,453,082 $2,861,236,112,552
2013 $21,948,834,284 $2,816,077,607,875
2012 $22,388,344,144 $2,683,007,095,787
2011 $21,357,343,669 $2,870,408,553,990
2010 $16,314,443,436 $2,646,230,027,988
2009 $15,027,795,173 $2,700,075,882,519
2008 $19,749,893,536 $2,926,802,941,586
2007 $13,071,718,759 $2,655,816,911,867
2006 $10,086,528,699 $2,317,861,544,691
2005 $8,217,369,093 $2,192,146,403,028
2004 $4,410,764,339 $2,109,792,297,237
2003 $2,484,745,935 $1,835,095,983,049
2002 $1,806,742,742 $1,492,427,756,382
2001 $1,461,139,022 $1,370,376,677,299
2000 $1,045,998,496 $1,360,959,069,477
1999 $621,117,886 $1,486,915,879,702
1998 $370,687,634 $1,496,906,382,032
1997 $442,337,871 $1,449,392,222,971
1996 $232,463,023 $1,598,889,216,566
1995 $141,853,361 $1,595,219,345,512
1994 $100,807,003 $1,385,822,778,828
1993 $136,047,906 $1,314,383,368,080
1992 $134,707,184 $1,389,663,073,110
1991 $110,906,029 $1,258,961,748,634
1990 $112,119,411 $1,257,649,439,827
1989 $88,265,975 $1,016,742,237,302
1988 $100,534,657 $1,010,827,662,152
1987 $93,345,860 $926,320,855,615
1986 $76,407,396 $764,946,585,851
1985 $62,118,570 $547,220,981,165
1984 $50,320,914 $525,033,325,828
1983 $44,442,457 $553,356,312,936
1982 $44,294,648 $578,152,310,610
1981 $36,731,423 $609,184,791,792
1980 $50,642,881 $694,529,183,483
1979 - $608,218,624,730
1978 - $501,724,418,605
1977 $103,987,520 $406,401,711,688
1976 $103,653,050 $368,363,152,144
1975 $104,295,643 $357,324,307,786
1974 $94,159,863 $282,739,225,314
1973 $81,203,227 $261,970,536,240
1972 $65,429,198 $201,738,881,664
1971 $64,946,955 $164,694,210,962
1970 $66,331,429 $147,312,861,698
1969 $67,225,714 $140,660,914,841
1968 $67,514,286 $128,710,572,572
1967 $72,317,447 $118,088,635,381
1966 $69,110,000 $109,306,730,313
1965 $64,748,333 $100,927,668,584
1964 $51,915,000 $93,424,179,943
1963 $44,266,667 $84,227,606,650
1962 $37,253,333 $75,196,980,365
1961 - $67,158,050,215
1960 - $61,959,085,885

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/equatorial-guinea/france | CC BY

GDP per capita in Equatorial Guinea vs France by year

Equatorial Guinea
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
France
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Equatorial Guinea France
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2025 $6,615 - $48,986 -
2024 $7,004 $17,567 $46,103 $62,557
2023 $6,788 $17,412 $44,700 $60,839
2022 $7,589 $18,140 $40,989 $57,043
2021 $6,946 $16,821 $43,725 $52,517
2020 $5,764 $13,677 $39,170 $49,482
2019 $6,804 $16,451 $40,408 $51,130
2018 $8,102 $18,413 $41,418 $46,381
2017 $7,809 $18,435 $38,687 $44,469
2016 $7,453 $16,649 $37,024 $42,880
2015 $9,069 $19,479 $36,702 $40,905
2014 $15,549 $27,177 $43,148 $40,218
2013 $16,304 $27,910 $42,669 $39,583
2012 $17,309 $30,012 $40,864 $37,671
2011 $17,198 $27,242 $43,930 $37,510
2010 $13,720 $26,168 $40,695 $35,908
2009 $13,233 $29,722 $41,728 $34,685
2008 $18,211 $30,523 $45,465 $35,053
2007 $12,617 $26,611 $41,486 $34,066
2006 $10,185 $23,511 $36,432 $32,424
2005 $8,674 $22,137 $34,696 $30,431
2004 $4,901 $19,354 $33,645 $28,921
2003 $2,931 $14,496 $29,480 $28,024
2002 $2,264 $13,255 $24,145 $28,350
2001 $1,949 $11,627 $22,332 $27,347
2000 $1,487 $7,420 $22,341 $26,007
1999 $931 $6,470 $24,576 $24,204
1998 $578 $5,280 $24,869 $23,263
1997 $717 $4,387 $24,169 $22,190
1996 $392 $1,793 $26,758 $21,268
1995 $248.3 $1,098 $26,792 $20,701
1994 $183.2 $951 $23,360 $19,892
1993 $256.7 $828 $22,239 $19,094
1992 $263.7 $756 $23,615 $18,801
1991 $225.3 $569 $21,501 $18,198
1990 $236.4 $577 $21,586 $17,475
1989 $193.2 - $17,547 -
1988 $228.7 - $17,550 -
1987 $220.9 - $16,176 -
1986 $188.8 - $13,430 -
1985 $161.1 - $9,657 -
1984 $137.9 - $9,312 -
1983 $129.4 - $9,862 -
1982 $137.5 - $10,360 -
1981 $121.1 - $10,956 -
1980 $175.5 - $12,565 -
1979 - - $11,063 -
1978 - - $9,167 -
1977 $376 - $7,459 -
1976 $369 - $6,792 -
1975 $362 - $6,617 -
1974 $319 - $5,261 -
1973 $268.6 - $4,907 -
1972 $211.4 - $3,809 -
1971 $205.6 - $3,137 -
1970 $206.8 - $2,833 -
1969 $208.4 - $2,729 -
1968 $211.7 - $2,518 -
1967 $231.9 - $2,328 -
1966 $226.7 - $2,173 -
1965 $217.1 - $2,024 -
1964 $177.8 - $1,891 -
1963 $154.8 - $1,723 -
1962 $132.9 - $1,554 -
1961 - - $1,402 -
1960 - - $1,307 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/equatorial-guinea/france | CC BY

Equatorial Guinea's GDP per capita is $6,615, ranking 107/197, compared to $48,986 in France, ranking 27/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Equatorial Guinea ranks 106th at $17,567, while France ranks 30th at $62,557.

Economic indicators

Equatorial Guinea France
Gross domestic product
$12.8B
2025
$3.37T
2025
GDP rank
150/197
2025
7/197
2025
GDP growth
-5.85%
2024-2025
0.84%
2024-2025
GDP per capita
$6,615
2025
$48,986
2025
GDP per capita rank
107/197
2025
27/197
2025
GDP per capita, PPP
$17,567
2024
$62,557
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
106/197
2024
30/197
2024
Government debt
$5.21B
2025
$3.9T
2025
Debt-to-GDP ratio
40.6%
2025
116%
2025
Government debt per person
$2,686
2025
$56,819
2025
Government debt per person rank
109/185
2025
8/185
2025
Average annual personal income after taxes
$4,723
2026
$35,062
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies n/a
$2.37T
2018
Number of millionaires n/a
2,388,000
2026
Number of billionaires n/a
51
2026
Income share by richest 10%
29.1%
2022
25%
2023
Income share by poorest 10%
2.6%
2022
3%
2023
Government expenditure, % of GDP
20.7%
2025
57.5%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
2.8%
2024-2025
0.94%
2024-2025
Unemployment rate
8.6%
2014
7.7%
2025
Population
2008950
68871753

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Equatorial Guinea
Spending

Debt
France
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Equatorial Guinea France
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2025 20.7% 40.6% 57.5% 116%
2024 18.5% 36.4% 57.3% 113.2%
2023 19.2% 39.1% 56.8% 109.6%
2022 14.8% 29.8% 58.4% 111.4%
2021 12.7% 42.3% 59.5% 112.8%
2020 16.2% 49.4% 61.7% 114.9%
2019 16.8% 43.2% 55.3% 98.2%
2018 19.1% 40.6% 56.4% 98.5%
2017 20.1% 36.2% 57.7% 98.8%
2016 27.8% 41.1% 57.4% 98.1%
2015 41.6% 31.7% 57.6% 97%
2014 31.6% 12.6% 58.4% 96.2%
2013 29.3% 6.27% 58.6% 94.6%
2012 35.2% 7.1% 57.9% 91.7%
2011 27.5% 7.17% 57% 88.7%
2010 31.2% 7.89% 57.7% 86.3%
2009 39.8% 4.34% 58% 84.1%
2008 19.9% 0.49% 54.3% 69.8%
2007 19.7% 0.75% 53.6% 65.5%
2006 18.1% 1.22% 53.7% 65.4%
2005 14.1% 2.85% 54.3% 68.2%
2004 15.5% 4.54% 54% 66.9%
2003 11.8% 6.77% 54.4% 65.4%
2002 11.3% 19.4% 53.9% 61.3%
2001 13.5% 25.5% 52.8% 59.3%
2000 22.6% 36.6% 52.6% 59.7%
1999 18.7% 60.5% 53.7% 61.4%
1998 35.1% 59.2% 54% 62.1%
1997 14.8% 46.3% 55.6% 62%
1996 22.9% 91.2% 56% 60.6%
1995 141.5% 136.9% 56% 57.8%
1994 510% 216% 55.9% 51.6%
1993 256.3% 152.6% 56.5% 48.2%
1992 595% 136.9% 54% 41.7%
1991 284.5% 169.5% 52.7% 37.8%
1990 212.9% 157% 51.6% 36.8%
1989 116.8% 187% 48.9% 34%
1988 227.9% 154.5% 50.1% 33.3%
1987 183% 141.3% 50.7% 33.4%
1986 119% 152.5% 51.3% 31.1%
1985 115.4% 183.8% 51.9% 30.6%
1984 - - 51.2% 29%
1983 - - 50.2% 26.6%
1982 - - 49.9% 25.3%
1981 - - 48.5% 22%
1980 - - 46% 20.7%
1979 - - 44.9% 21.1%
1978 - - 44.7% 21.2%
1977 - - 21.4% 15%
1976 - - 21.7% 15.1%
1975 - - 22% 16.1%
1974 - - 19.9% 15.4%
1973 - - 19.7% 15.8%
1972 - - 19.8% 17.7%
1971 - - 20% 20.1%
1970 - - 20.5% 21%
1969 - - 21.5% 14.4%
1968 - - 22.7% 15.8%
1967 - - 21.4% 16.1%
1966 - - 21.4% 15.3%
1965 - - 21.1% 17.6%
1964 - - 21% 19.6%
1963 - - 22.6% 22.2%
1962 - - 21.7% 23.6%
1961 - - 21.9% 26.3%
1960 - - 22.2% 28.5%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/equatorial-guinea/france | CC BY

In 2025, Equatorial Guinea's government spending was $2.65B, accounting for 20.7% of its GDP, while France spent $1.93T, or 57.5% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 40.6% in Equatorial Guinea and 116% in France, ranking 132/185 and 13/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Equatorial Guinea

France
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Equatorial Guinea France
2025 -2.55% -5.11%
2024 -0.55% -5.79%
2023 2.39% -5.44%
2022 11.7% -4.74%
2021 2.65% -6.58%
2020 -1.77% -8.93%
2019 1.82% -2.39%
2018 0.52% -2.32%
2017 -2.59% -3.36%
2016 -10.9% -3.76%
2015 -15.1% -3.89%
2014 -7.54% -4.57%
2013 -4.4% -4.94%
2012 -7.24% -5.17%
2011 0.83% -5.3%
2010 -4.53% -7.16%
2009 -6.47% -7.38%
2008 14.6% -3.5%
2007 17.2% -2.99%
2006 21.8% -2.66%
2005 18.5% -3.5%
2004 9.22% -3.55%
2003 9.99% -4.09%
2002 17.6% -3.18%
2001 14.9% -1.42%
2000 -2.67% -1.32%
1999 -0.19% -1.55%
1998 -7.65% -2.39%
1997 3.21% -3.71%
1996 -6.36% -3.89%
1995 -123.4% -5.11%
1994 -487% -5.46%
1993 -217.9% -6.4%
1992 -557% -4.64%
1991 -236% -2.89%
1990 -160.2% -2.45%
1989 -76.2% -1.9%
1988 -208.5% -2.7%
1987 -158% -2.13%
1986 -97.3% -3.3%
1985 -89.3% -3.08%
1984 - -2.8%
1983 - -2.58%
1982 - -2.91%
1981 - -2.39%
1980 - -0.27%
1979 - -0.36%
1978 - -1.73%
1977 - 0.9%
1976 - 1.01%
1975 - -0.28%
1974 - 3.05%
1973 - 1.97%
1972 - 1.94%
1971 - -0.13%
1970 - 0.02%
1969 - -0.49%
1968 - -2.54%
1967 - -0.8%
1966 - -0.57%
1965 - -0.07%
1964 - -0.25%
1963 - -2.24%
1962 - -1.53%
1961 - -1.36%
1960 - -1.95%
1959 - 0.56%
1958 - 0.08%
1957 - -1.99%
1956 - -2.62%
1955 - -1.04%
1954 - -0.78%
1953 - -4.79%
1952 - -6.82%
1951 - -4.42%
1950 - -5.56%
1949 - -7.31%
1948 - -9.11%
1947 - -7.6%
1946 - -8.1%
1945 - -
1944 - -
1943 - -
1942 - -
1941 - -
1940 - -
1939 - -
1938 - -
1937 - -6.89%
1936 - -4.76%
1935 - -4.22%
1934 - -4.31%
1933 - -4.96%
1932 - -1.86%
1931 - -2.06%
1930 - -1.65%
1929 - 1.48%
1928 - 1.13%
1927 - -0.04%
1926 - -0.02%
1925 - -0.87%
1924 - -
1923 - -
1922 - -
1921 - -
1920 - -
1919 - -
1918 - -
1917 - -
1916 - -
1915 - -
1914 - -
1913 - 0.05%
1912 - 0.23%
1911 - 0.31%
1910 - -0.12%
1909 - -0.11%
1908 - -0.15%
1907 - 0.23%
1906 - -0.04%
1905 - 0.18%
1904 - 0.3%
1903 - 0.21%
1902 - -0.37%
1901 - -0.39%
1900 - 0.21%
1899 - 0.21%
1898 - 0.29%
1897 - 0.01%
1896 - -0.03%
1895 - -0.07%
1894 - -0.08%
1893 - -0.3%
1892 - -0.03%
1891 - 0.36%
1890 - 0.31%
1889 - 0.09%
1888 - 0.18%
1887 - -0.07%
1886 - -0.5%
1885 - -0.59%
1884 - -0.35%
1883 - -0.23%
1882 - -0.15%
1881 - 0.64%
1880 - 0.65%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1880–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/equatorial-guinea/france | CC BY

In 2025, Equatorial Guinea's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $327M, equivalent to 2.55% of GDP. This compares to France's deficit of $172B, or 5.11% of GDP.

Over the past 41 years, Equatorial Guinea recorded a fiscal deficit in 26 of those years, while France ran a deficit in 41 years. On average, Equatorial Guinea posted an annual deficit equal to 57.2% of GDP, compared to deficit of 4.02% of GDP for France.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Equatorial Guinea

France
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Equatorial Guinea France
2025 2.8% 0.94%
2024 3.4% 2%
2023 2.4% 4.88%
2022 4.9% 5.22%
2021 -0.1% 1.64%
2020 4.8% 0.48%
2019 1.2% 1.11%
2018 1.3% 1.85%
2017 0.7% 1.03%
2016 1.4% 0.18%
2015 1.7% 0.04%
2014 4.3% 0.51%
2013 3.2% 0.86%
2012 3.4% 1.95%
2011 4.8% 2.11%
2010 5.3% 1.53%
2009 5.7% 0.09%
2008 4.7% 2.81%
2007 2.8% 1.49%
2006 4.5% 1.68%
2005 5.6% 1.75%
2004 4.2% 2.14%
2003 7.3% 2.1%
2002 7.6% 1.92%
2001 8.7% 1.63%
2000 4.8% 1.68%
1999 0.4% 0.54%
1998 7.9% 0.65%
1997 3% 1.2%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | World Economic Outlook (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/equatorial-guinea/france | CC BY

Over the past 29 years, Equatorial Guinea has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 3.89%, compared with 1.59% in France. In 2025, inflation was 2.8% in Equatorial Guinea and 0.94% in France.

Top exports between countries

Equatorial Guinea
Export category Export value
Raw materials & minerals $55.6M
Machinery & equipment $74K
Miscellaneous $57K
Textiles & consumer goods $41K
Chemicals & pharma $1K
Precious metals & jewellery $1K
France
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $11.6M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $5.12M
Animal & marine products $3.32M
Raw materials & minerals $1.36M
Wood & paper products $1.34M
Chemicals & pharma $1.31M
Textiles & consumer goods $895K
Metals $742K
Raw agricultural goods $423K
Weapons & explosives $192K

Balance of trade

Equatorial Guinea France
Current account balance
-$344M
1996
-$9.24B
2025
Current account balance ranking
98/190
1996
173/190
2025
Current account balance, % of GDP
-148%
1996
-0.27%
2025
Goods imports
$292M
1996
$770B
2025
Goods exports
$175M
1996
$704B
2025
Service imports
$185M
1996
$370B
2025
Service exports
$4.88M
1996
$429B
2025
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
28.4%
2025
33.8%
2025
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
46.5%
2025
33.4%
2025

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Equatorial Guinea France
Economic freedom 47.4 64.6
Economic freedom ranking 175/197 72/197
Property rights 16.9 91.2
Government integrity 6.9 73.4
Judicial effectiveness 7.2 84.7
Tax burden 81 54.6
Government spending 90.8 0.9
Fiscal health 97.3 34.8
Business freedom 35.9 78.4
Labor freedom 45.2 59.1
Monetary freedom 73.5 73.2
Trade freedom 43.6 79.4
Investment freedom 40 75
Financial freedom 30 70

Economic freedom comparison by year

Equatorial Guinea
France
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Equatorial Guinea France
2026 47.4 64.6
2025 47.7 64.4
2024 47.7 62.5
2023 48.3 63.6
2022 47.2 65.9
2021 49.2 65.7
2020 48.3 66
2019 41 63.8
2018 42 63.9
2017 45 63.3
2016 43.7 62.3
2015 40.4 62.5
2014 44.4 63.5
2013 42.3 64.1
2012 42.8 63.2
2011 47.5 64.6
2010 48.6 64.2
2009 51.3 63.3
2008 51.6 64.7
2007 53.2 62.1
2006 51.5 61.1
2005 53.3 60.5
2004 53.3 60.9
2003 53.1 59.2
2002 46.4 58
2001 47.9 58
2000 45.6 57.4
1999 45.1 59.1
1998 - 58.9
1997 - 59.1
1996 - 63.7
1995 - 64.4

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/equatorial-guinea/france | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Equatorial Guinea is 47.4, ranking 175/197, compared to 64.6 for France, ranking 72/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Equatorial Guinea France
Services, % of GDP
55.5%
2025
70.9%
2025
Industry, % of GDP
41.4%
2025
16.8%
2025
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
3.21%
2025
1.4%
2025
GNI, Atlas method
$11.4B
2025
$3.34T
2025
GNI per capita, PPP
$14,610
2025
$65,110
2025
Total reserves including gold
$1.08B
2024
$428B
2025
Total reserves ranking
141/177
2024
12/177
2025
Net foreign direct investment
-$376M
1996
$7.24B
2025
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$188M
2024
$52.1B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$154M
2024
$41.7B
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
50.7%
2022
15.6%
2021
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
-3.68%
2025
21.9%
2025

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/equatorial-guinea/france | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1880–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  6. TradeMap (2024–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  9. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2014, retrieved 2026-07-08)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.