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Economy of France vs Sri Lanka compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

France has a GDP of $3.16T compared to $99B for Sri Lanka, ranking 7/197 and 72/197 by economy size, respectively.

France has $3.58T in government debt (113.1% of GDP), compared to $99.8B (100.8% of GDP) in Sri Lanka.

France vs Sri Lanka GDP by year

France
Sri Lanka
1x
Year GDP, current $
France Sri Lanka
2024 $3,160,442,622,465 $98,963,185,510
2023 $3,056,250,648,138 $83,716,142,582
2022 $2,794,788,137,067 $74,143,020,263
2021 $2,966,433,692,008 $88,556,698,938
2020 $2,647,926,055,110 $84,335,574,582
2019 $2,722,793,515,172 $88,998,706,297
2018 $2,781,576,320,884 $94,450,015,983
2017 $2,588,868,323,335 $94,369,350,286
2016 $2,470,407,619,777 $88,000,211,172
2015 $2,442,483,452,643 $85,090,301,052
2014 $2,861,236,112,552 $82,531,125,191
2013 $2,816,077,607,875 $76,976,203,829
2012 $2,683,007,095,787 $70,447,217,164
2011 $2,870,408,553,990 $67,753,285,897
2010 $2,646,230,027,988 $58,636,049,434
2009 $2,700,075,882,519 $42,066,224,093
2008 $2,926,802,941,586 $40,713,826,215
2007 $2,655,816,911,867 $32,350,238,760
2006 $2,317,861,544,691 $28,267,410,543
2005 $2,192,146,403,028 $24,405,791,045
2004 $2,109,792,297,237 $20,662,525,941
2003 $1,835,095,983,049 $18,881,765,437
2002 $1,492,427,756,382 $16,536,535,647
2001 $1,370,376,677,299 $15,749,753,805
2000 $1,360,959,069,477 $16,595,882,819
1999 $1,486,915,879,702 $15,711,933,513
1998 $1,496,906,382,032 $15,760,736,956
1997 $1,449,392,222,971 $15,091,913,884
1996 $1,598,889,216,566 $13,897,738,375
1995 $1,595,219,345,512 $13,029,697,561
1994 $1,385,822,778,828 $11,717,604,209
1993 $1,314,383,368,080 $10,338,679,636
1992 $1,389,663,073,110 $9,703,011,636
1991 $1,258,961,748,634 $9,000,362,582
1990 $1,257,649,439,827 $8,032,551,173
1989 $1,016,742,237,302 $6,987,267,684
1988 $1,010,827,662,152 $6,978,371,581
1987 $926,320,855,615 $6,682,167,120
1986 $764,946,585,851 $6,405,210,564
1985 $547,220,981,165 $5,978,460,972
1984 $525,033,325,828 $6,043,474,843
1983 $553,356,312,936 $5,167,913,302
1982 $578,152,310,610 $4,768,765,017
1981 $609,184,791,792 $4,415,844,156
1980 $694,529,183,483 $4,024,621,900
1979 $608,218,624,730 $3,364,611,432
1978 $501,724,418,605 $2,733,183,857
1977 $406,401,711,688 $4,104,509,583
1976 $368,363,152,144 $3,591,319,857
1975 $357,324,307,786 $3,791,298,146
1974 $282,739,225,314 $3,574,586,466
1973 $261,970,536,240 $2,875,625,000
1972 $201,738,881,664 $2,553,936,348
1971 $164,694,210,962 $2,369,308,600
1970 $147,312,861,698 $2,296,470,588
1969 $140,660,914,841 $1,965,546,218
1968 $128,710,572,572 $1,801,344,538
1967 $118,088,635,381 $1,859,465,021
1966 $109,306,730,313 $1,751,470,588
1965 $100,927,668,584 $1,698,319,328
1964 $93,424,179,943 $1,309,747,899
1963 $84,227,606,650 $1,240,672,269
1962 $75,196,980,365 $1,434,156,379
1961 $67,158,050,215 $1,444,327,731
1960 $61,959,085,885 $1,409,873,950

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/france/sri-lanka | CC BY

GDP per capita in France vs Sri Lanka by year

France
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Sri Lanka
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
France Sri Lanka
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $46,103 $62,557 $4,516 $15,633
2023 $44,700 $60,839 $3,799 $14,456
2022 $40,989 $57,043 $3,343 $14,194
2021 $43,725 $52,517 $3,997 $14,316
2020 $39,170 $49,482 $3,848 $12,941
2019 $40,408 $51,130 $4,082 $14,113
2018 $41,418 $46,381 $4,359 $14,178
2017 $38,687 $44,469 $4,399 $13,610
2016 $37,024 $42,880 $4,149 $13,079
2015 $36,702 $40,905 $4,058 $12,227
2014 $43,148 $40,218 $3,972 $11,721
2013 $42,669 $39,583 $3,739 $11,253
2012 $40,864 $37,671 $3,328 $10,249
2011 $43,930 $37,510 $3,225 $9,076
2010 $40,695 $35,908 $2,808 $8,234
2009 $41,728 $34,685 $2,027 $7,576
2008 $45,465 $35,053 $1,974 $7,317
2007 $41,486 $34,066 $1,579 $6,820
2006 $36,432 $32,424 $1,389 $6,261
2005 $34,696 $30,431 $1,207 $5,679
2004 $33,645 $28,921 $1,029 $5,216
2003 $29,480 $28,024 $946 $4,850
2002 $24,145 $28,350 $835 $4,522
2001 $22,332 $27,347 $804 $4,328
2000 $22,341 $26,007 $860 $4,368
1999 $24,576 $24,204 $829 $4,103
1998 $24,869 $23,263 $848 $3,952
1997 $24,169 $22,190 $827 $3,804
1996 $26,758 $21,268 $776 $3,582
1995 $26,792 $20,701 $742 $3,454
1994 $23,360 $19,892 $678 $3,260
1993 $22,239 $19,094 $607 $3,067
1992 $23,615 $18,801 $580 $2,851
1991 $21,501 $18,198 $546 $2,713
1990 $21,586 $17,475 $491 $2,527
1989 $17,547 - $430 -
1988 $17,550 - $434 -
1987 $16,176 - $420 -
1986 $13,430 - $407 -
1985 $9,657 - $385 -
1984 $9,312 - $391 -
1983 $9,862 - $336 -
1982 $10,360 - $312 -
1981 $10,956 - $292.5 -
1980 $12,565 - $271.1 -
1979 $11,063 - $230.8 -
1978 $9,167 - $191 -
1977 $7,459 - $292.1 -
1976 $6,792 - $260.3 -
1975 $6,617 - $279.8 -
1974 $5,261 - $268.7 -
1973 $4,907 - $220.2 -
1972 $3,809 - $199.4 -
1971 $3,137 - $188.8 -
1970 $2,833 - $186.9 -
1969 $2,729 - $163.6 -
1968 $2,518 - $153.5 -
1967 $2,328 - $162.3 -
1966 $2,173 - $156.6 -
1965 $2,024 - $155.6 -
1964 $1,891 - $122.9 -
1963 $1,723 - $119.4 -
1962 $1,554 - $141.4 -
1961 $1,402 - $145.9 -
1960 $1,307 - $145.9 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/france/sri-lanka | CC BY

France's GDP per capita is $46,103, ranking 27/197, compared to $4,516 in Sri Lanka, ranking 124/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), France ranks 30th at $62,557, while Sri Lanka ranks 111th at $15,633.

Economic indicators

France Sri Lanka
Gross domestic product
$3.16T
2024
$99B
2024
GDP rank
7/197
2024
72/197
2024
GDP growth
1.19%
2023-2024
5.01%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$46,103
2024
$4,516
2024
GDP per capita rank
27/197
2024
124/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$62,557
2024
$15,633
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
30/197
2024
111/197
2024
Government debt
$3.58T
2024
$99.8B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
113.1%
2024
100.8%
2024
Government debt per person
$52,165
2024
$4,554
2024
Government debt per person rank
8/185
2024
85/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$35,669
2026
$2,874
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$2.37T
2018
$19.5B
2024
Number of millionaires
2,897,000
2025
n/a
Number of billionaires
52
2025
n/a
Income share by richest 10%
25%
2023
30.8%
2019
Income share by poorest 10%
3%
2023
3.1%
2019
Government expenditure, % of GDP
57.2%
2024
19.3%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
2%
2023-2024
-0.43%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate n/a
7.75%
2025
Unemployment rate
7.44%
2024
4.67%
2023
Population
68788006
22185425

Spending and national debt comparison by year

France
Spending

Debt
Sri Lanka
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
France Sri Lanka
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 57.2% 113.1% 19.3% 100.8%
2023 56.8% 109.6% 19.5% 110.4%
2022 58.4% 111.4% 18.6% 115.9%
2021 59.5% 112.8% 20% 102.7%
2020 61.7% 114.9% 22.1% 96.9%
2019 55.3% 98.1% 19.5% 82.6%
2018 56.4% 98.5% 17.5% 83.6%
2017 57.7% 98.7% 17.9% 72.3%
2016 57.4% 98.1% 18.2% 75%
2015 57.6% 96.9% 19.3% 76.3%
2014 58.4% 96.1% 17.2% 69.6%
2013 58.6% 94.5% 16.6% 69.5%
2012 57.9% 91.7% 17.3% 67.5%
2011 57% 88.7% 19.1% 69.4%
2010 57.7% 86.3% 19.3% 68.7%
2009 58% 84.1% 21% 72.8%
2008 54.3% 69.8% 19.1% 68.8%
2007 53.6% 65.5% 19.9% 71.8%
2006 53.7% 65.4% 20.5% 74.3%
2005 54.3% 68.2% 20.1% 76.6%
2004 54% 66.9% 19.3% 86.5%
2003 54.4% 65.4% 19.3% 86.5%
2002 53.9% 61.3% 20.8% 96.3%
2001 52.8% 59.3% 22.4% 84.4%
2000 52.6% 59.7% 21.7% 79.2%
1999 53.7% 61.4% 20.5% 77.7%
1998 54% 62.1% 21.4% 74.2%
1997 55.6% 62% 21.4% 70.1%
1996 56% 60.6% 23.1% 76.2%
1995 56% 57.8% 24.8% 77.8%
1994 55.9% 51.6% 24.1% 77.9%
1993 56.5% 48.2% 23.2% 79.2%
1992 54% 41.7% 23% 77.9%
1991 52.7% 37.8% 26.4% 80.5%
1990 51.6% 36.8% 25.4% 78.9%
1989 48.9% 34% - -
1988 50.1% 33.3% - -
1987 50.7% 33.4% - -
1986 51.3% 31.1% - -
1985 51.9% 30.6% - -
1984 51.2% 29% - -
1983 50.2% 26.6% - -
1982 49.9% 25.3% - -
1981 48.5% 22% - -
1980 46% 20.7% - -
1979 44.9% 21.1% - -
1978 44.7% 21.2% - -
1977 21.4% 15% - -
1976 21.7% 15.1% - -
1975 22% 16.1% - -
1974 19.9% 15.4% - -
1973 19.7% 15.8% - -
1972 19.8% 17.7% - -
1971 20% 20.1% - -
1970 20.5% 21% - -
1969 21.5% 14.4% - -
1968 22.7% 15.8% - -
1967 21.4% 16.1% - -
1966 21.4% 15.3% - -
1965 21.1% 17.6% - -
1964 21% 19.6% - -
1963 22.6% 22.2% - -
1962 21.7% 23.6% - -
1961 21.9% 26.3% - -
1960 22.2% 28.5% - -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/france/sri-lanka | CC BY

In 2024, France's government spending was $1.81T, accounting for 57.2% of its GDP, while Sri Lanka spent $19.1B, or 19.3% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 113.1% in France and 100.8% in Sri Lanka, ranking 14/185 and 23/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
France

Sri Lanka
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
France Sri Lanka
2024 -5.77% -5.64%
2023 -5.44% -8.32%
2022 -4.74% -10.2%
2021 -6.58% -11.7%
2020 -8.93% -13.4%
2019 -2.39% -7.52%
2018 -2.32% -4.96%
2017 -3.36% -5.1%
2016 -3.76% -5%
2015 -3.89% -6.64%
2014 -4.57% -5.99%
2013 -4.94% -5%
2012 -5.17% -5.44%
2011 -5.3% -6.01%
2010 -7.16% -6.73%
2009 -7.38% -8.33%
2008 -3.5% -5.93%
2007 -2.99% -5.81%
2006 -2.66% -5.91%
2005 -3.5% -5.93%
2004 -3.55% -6.32%
2003 -4.09% -6.15%
2002 -3.18% -6.9%
2001 -1.42% -8.48%
2000 -1.32% -7.78%
1999 -1.55% -5.58%
1998 -2.39% -6.79%
1997 -3.71% -5.71%
1996 -3.89% -6.89%
1995 -5.11% -7.11%
1994 -5.46% -7.41%
1993 -6.4% -5.77%
1992 -4.64% -4.95%
1991 -2.89% -7.97%
1990 -2.45% -6.39%
1989 -1.9% -
1988 -2.7% -
1987 -2.13% -
1986 -3.3% -
1985 -3.08% -
1984 -2.8% -
1983 -2.58% -
1982 -2.91% -
1981 -2.39% -
1980 -0.27% -
1979 -0.36% -
1978 -1.73% -
1977 0.9% -
1976 1.01% -
1975 -0.28% -
1974 3.05% -
1973 1.97% -
1972 1.94% -
1971 -0.13% -
1970 0.02% -
1969 -0.49% -
1968 -2.54% -
1967 -0.8% -
1966 -0.57% -
1965 -0.07% -
1964 -0.25% -
1963 -2.24% -
1962 -1.53% -
1961 -1.36% -
1960 -1.95% -
1959 0.56% -
1958 0.08% -
1957 -1.99% -
1956 -2.62% -
1955 -1.04% -
1954 -0.78% -
1953 -4.79% -
1952 -6.82% -
1951 -4.42% -
1950 -5.56% -
1949 -7.31% -
1948 -9.11% -
1947 -7.6% -
1946 -8.1% -
1945 - -
1944 - -
1943 - -
1942 - -
1941 - -
1940 - -
1939 - -
1938 - -
1937 -6.89% -
1936 -4.76% -
1935 -4.22% -
1934 -4.31% -
1933 -4.96% -
1932 -1.86% -
1931 -2.06% -
1930 -1.65% -
1929 1.48% -
1928 1.13% -
1927 -0.04% -
1926 -0.02% -
1925 -0.87% -
1924 - -
1923 - -
1922 - -
1921 - -
1920 - -
1919 - -
1918 - -
1917 - -
1916 - -
1915 - -
1914 - -
1913 0.05% -
1912 0.23% -
1911 0.31% -
1910 -0.12% -
1909 -0.11% -
1908 -0.15% -
1907 0.23% -
1906 -0.04% -
1905 0.18% -
1904 0.3% -
1903 0.21% -
1902 -0.37% -
1901 -0.39% -
1900 0.21% -
1899 0.21% -
1898 0.29% -
1897 0.01% -
1896 -0.03% -
1895 -0.07% -
1894 -0.08% -
1893 -0.3% -
1892 -0.03% -
1891 0.36% -
1890 0.31% -
1889 0.09% -
1888 0.18% -
1887 -0.07% -
1886 -0.5% -
1885 -0.59% -
1884 -0.35% -
1883 -0.23% -
1882 -0.15% -
1881 0.64% -
1880 0.65% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1880–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/france/sri-lanka | CC BY

In 2024, France's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $182B, equivalent to 5.77% of GDP. This compares to Sri Lanka's deficit of $5.58B, or 5.64% of GDP.

Over the past 35 years, France recorded a fiscal deficit in 35 of those years, while Sri Lanka ran a deficit in 35 years. On average, France posted an annual deficit equal to 4.18% of GDP, compared to deficit of 6.85% of GDP for Sri Lanka.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
France

Sri Lanka
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
France Sri Lanka
2024 2% -0.43%
2023 4.88% 16.5%
2022 5.22% 49.7%
2021 1.64% 7.01%
2020 0.48% 6.15%
2019 1.11% 3.53%
2018 1.85% 2.14%
2017 1.03% 7.7%
2016 0.18% 3.96%
2015 0.04% 3.77%
2014 0.51% 3.18%
2013 0.86% 6.91%
2012 1.95% 7.54%
2011 2.11% 6.72%
2010 1.53% 6.22%
2009 0.09% 3.46%
2008 2.81% 22.6%
2007 1.49% 15.8%
2006 1.68% 10%
2005 1.75% 11.6%
2004 2.14% 7.58%
2003 2.1% 6.31%
2002 1.92% 9.55%
2001 1.63% 14.2%
2000 1.68% 6.18%
1999 0.54% 4.69%
1998 0.65% 9.36%
1997 1.2% 9.57%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/france/sri-lanka | CC BY

Over the past 28 years, France has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 1.61%, compared with 9.34% in Sri Lanka. In 2024, inflation was 2% in France and -0.43% in Sri Lanka.

Top exports between countries

France
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $50.2M
Chemicals & pharma $26.8M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $9.51M
Textiles & consumer goods $7.15M
Precious metals & jewellery $3.27M
Raw agricultural goods $2.12M
Metals $1.67M
Raw materials & minerals $1.45M
Wood & paper products $1.4M
Miscellaneous $1.16M
Sri Lanka
Export category Export value
Textiles & consumer goods $131M
Raw materials & minerals $38.7M
Animal & marine products $21.5M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $18.9M
Machinery & equipment $18.6M
Raw agricultural goods $16.8M
Chemicals & pharma $11M
Precious metals & jewellery $5.42M
Miscellaneous $1.98M
Wood & paper products $283K

Balance of trade

France Sri Lanka
Current account balance
$2.69B
2024
$1.21B
2024
Current account balance ranking
42/190
2024
53/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
+0.09%
2024
+1.22%
2024
Goods imports
$733B
2024
$18.8B
2024
Goods exports
$668B
2024
$12.8B
2024
Service imports
$341B
2024
$3.48B
2024
Service exports
$403B
2024
$6.91B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
34.2%
2024
22.5%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
33.9%
2024
19.9%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

France Sri Lanka
Economic freedom 64.6 50.3
Economic freedom ranking 72/197 162/197
Property rights 91.2 47.3
Government integrity 73.4 37.3
Judicial effectiveness 84.7 47.2
Tax burden 54.6 77
Government spending 0.9 89
Fiscal health 34.8 0
Business freedom 78.4 60.1
Labor freedom 59.1 54.3
Monetary freedom 73.2 65.9
Trade freedom 79.4 65.6
Investment freedom 75 30
Financial freedom 70 30

Economic freedom comparison by year

France
Sri Lanka
1x
Year Economic freedom index
France Sri Lanka
2026 64.6 50.3
2025 64.4 49.4
2024 62.5 49.2
2023 63.6 52.2
2022 65.9 53.3
2021 65.7 55.7
2020 66 57.4
2019 63.8 56.4
2018 63.9 57.8
2017 63.3 57.4
2016 62.3 59.9
2015 62.5 58.6
2014 63.5 60
2013 64.1 60.7
2012 63.2 58.3
2011 64.6 57.1
2010 64.2 54.6
2009 63.3 56
2008 64.7 58.4
2007 62.1 59.4
2006 61.1 58.7
2005 60.5 61
2004 60.9 61.6
2003 59.2 62.5
2002 58 64
2001 58 66
2000 57.4 63.2
1999 59.1 64
1998 58.9 64.6
1997 59.1 65.5
1996 63.7 62.5
1995 64.4 60.6

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/france/sri-lanka | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for France is 64.6, ranking 72/197, compared to 50.3 for Sri Lanka, ranking 162/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

France Sri Lanka
Services, % of GDP
70.9%
2024
57.5%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
17.2%
2024
25.5%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
1.3%
2024
8.3%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$3.1T
2024
$84.6B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$63,880
2024
$15,240
2024
Total reserves including gold
$283B
2024
$6.09B
2024
Total reserves ranking
13/177
2024
92/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
-$10.3B
2024
-$651M
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$52.1B
2024
$761M
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$41.7B
2024
$110M
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI n/a
4.98%
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
15.6%
2021
14.3%
2019
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
21.5%
2024
27%
2024

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1880–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.