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Economy of France vs Peru compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

France has a GDP of $3.16T compared to $289B for Peru, ranking 7/197 and 49/197 by economy size, respectively.

France has $3.58T in government debt (113.1% of GDP), compared to $93B (32.2% of GDP) in Peru.

France vs Peru GDP by year

France
Peru
1x
Year GDP, current $
France Peru
2024 $3,160,442,622,465 $289,221,969,063
2023 $3,056,250,648,138 $266,958,720,838
2022 $2,794,788,137,067 $246,065,570,308
2021 $2,966,433,692,008 $226,328,766,460
2020 $2,647,926,055,110 $201,409,694,756
2019 $2,722,793,515,172 $228,346,006,004
2018 $2,781,576,320,884 $222,597,009,739
2017 $2,588,868,323,335 $211,007,984,081
2016 $2,470,407,619,777 $191,898,104,390
2015 $2,442,483,452,643 $189,802,976,286
2014 $2,861,236,112,552 $200,786,250,583
2013 $2,816,077,607,875 $201,175,543,571
2012 $2,683,007,095,787 $192,650,021,649
2011 $2,870,408,553,990 $171,761,737,047
2010 $2,646,230,027,988 $147,527,631,521
2009 $2,700,075,882,519 $120,822,986,521
2008 $2,926,802,941,586 $120,550,599,815
2007 $2,655,816,911,867 $102,170,981,144
2006 $2,317,861,544,691 $88,643,193,062
2005 $2,192,146,403,028 $76,060,606,061
2004 $2,109,792,297,237 $66,768,703,498
2003 $1,835,095,983,049 $58,731,030,122
2002 $1,492,427,756,382 $54,777,553,515
2001 $1,370,376,677,299 $52,030,158,775
2000 $1,360,959,069,477 $51,744,749,133
1999 $1,486,915,879,702 $50,187,324,568
1998 $1,496,906,382,032 $55,501,467,877
1997 $1,449,392,222,971 $58,147,522,523
1996 $1,598,889,216,566 $55,252,414,130
1995 $1,595,219,345,512 $53,312,793,687
1994 $1,385,822,778,828 $44,882,079,767
1993 $1,314,383,368,080 $34,832,077,221
1992 $1,389,663,073,110 $35,966,302,303
1991 $1,258,961,748,634 $34,341,465,998
1990 $1,257,649,439,827 $26,410,386,963
1989 $1,016,742,237,302 $22,499,558,526
1988 $1,010,827,662,152 $15,439,408,447
1987 $926,320,855,615 $36,889,706,593
1986 $764,946,585,851 $21,859,448,586
1985 $547,220,981,165 $15,078,736,875
1984 $525,033,325,828 $17,600,400,385
1983 $553,356,312,936 $17,345,260,564
1982 $578,152,310,610 $21,794,535,621
1981 $609,184,791,792 $21,648,214,893
1980 $694,529,183,483 $18,136,838,538
1979 $608,218,624,730 $15,954,012,439
1978 $501,724,418,605 $12,491,876,743
1977 $406,401,711,688 $14,544,913,961
1976 $368,363,152,144 $16,131,958,851
1975 $357,324,307,786 $16,931,162,355
1974 $282,739,225,314 $13,858,441,211
1973 $261,970,536,240 $10,994,381,895
1972 $201,738,881,664 $9,189,413,409
1971 $164,694,210,962 $8,289,582,884
1970 $147,312,861,698 $7,432,223,177
1969 $140,660,914,841 $6,420,909,790
1968 $128,710,572,572 $5,736,083,835
1967 $118,088,635,381 $6,194,340,080
1966 $109,306,730,313 $6,109,048,737
1965 $100,927,668,584 $5,163,008,077
1964 $93,424,179,943 $4,353,664,867
1963 $84,227,606,650 $3,598,272,493
1962 $75,196,980,365 $3,284,322,201
1961 $67,158,050,215 $2,897,852,693
1960 $61,959,085,885 $2,571,986,572

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/france/peru | CC BY

GDP per capita in France vs Peru by year

France
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Peru
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
France Peru
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $46,103 $62,557 $8,452 $17,802
2023 $44,700 $60,839 $7,888 $17,011
2022 $40,989 $57,043 $7,351 $16,669
2021 $43,725 $52,517 $6,826 $15,281
2020 $39,170 $49,482 $6,133 $12,563
2019 $40,408 $51,130 $7,037 $13,564
2018 $41,418 $46,381 $6,978 $13,078
2017 $38,687 $44,469 $6,736 $12,592
2016 $37,024 $42,880 $6,217 $12,067
2015 $36,702 $40,905 $6,232 $11,600
2014 $43,148 $40,218 $6,667 $11,518
2013 $42,669 $39,583 $6,747 $11,291
2012 $40,864 $37,671 $6,519 $10,757
2011 $43,930 $37,510 $5,861 $10,463
2010 $40,695 $35,908 $5,072 $9,713
2009 $41,728 $34,685 $4,181 $8,917
2008 $45,465 $35,053 $4,198 $8,820
2007 $41,486 $34,066 $3,581 $7,982
2006 $36,432 $32,424 $3,130 $7,214
2005 $34,696 $30,431 $2,707 $6,560
2004 $33,645 $28,921 $2,397 $6,038
2003 $29,480 $28,024 $2,129 $5,657
2002 $24,145 $28,350 $2,007 $5,383
2001 $22,332 $27,347 $1,930 $5,086
2000 $22,341 $26,007 $1,945 $5,012
1999 $24,576 $24,204 $1,917 $4,847
1998 $24,869 $23,263 $2,156 $4,791
1997 $24,169 $22,190 $2,301 $4,844
1996 $26,758 $21,268 $2,227 $4,556
1995 $26,792 $20,701 $2,190 $4,435
1994 $23,360 $19,892 $1,879 $4,123
1993 $22,239 $19,094 $1,488 $3,666
1992 $23,615 $18,801 $1,567 $3,472
1991 $21,501 $18,198 $1,527 $3,484
1990 $21,586 $17,475 $1,200 $3,367
1989 $17,547 - $1,045 -
1988 $17,550 - $733 -
1987 $16,176 - $1,792 -
1986 $13,430 - $1,087 -
1985 $9,657 - $767 -
1984 $9,312 - $918 -
1983 $9,862 - $927 -
1982 $10,360 - $1,194 -
1981 $10,956 - $1,216 -
1980 $12,565 - $1,045 -
1979 $11,063 - $942 -
1978 $9,167 - $756 -
1977 $7,459 - $903 -
1976 $6,792 - $1,026 -
1975 $6,617 - $1,104 -
1974 $5,261 - $927 -
1973 $4,907 - $754 -
1972 $3,809 - $647 -
1971 $3,137 - $599 -
1970 $2,833 - $550 -
1969 $2,729 - $488 -
1968 $2,518 - $448 -
1967 $2,328 - $498 -
1966 $2,173 - $505 -
1965 $2,024 - $439 -
1964 $1,891 - $381 -
1963 $1,723 - $324 -
1962 $1,554 - $305 -
1961 $1,402 - $276.6 -
1960 $1,307 - $252.8 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/france/peru | CC BY

France's GDP per capita is $46,103, ranking 27/197, compared to $8,452 in Peru, ranking 91/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), France ranks 30th at $62,557, while Peru ranks 104th at $17,802.

Economic indicators

France Peru
Gross domestic product
$3.16T
2024
$289B
2024
GDP rank
7/197
2024
49/197
2024
GDP growth
1.19%
2023-2024
3.3%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$46,103
2024
$8,452
2024
GDP per capita rank
27/197
2024
91/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$62,557
2024
$17,802
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
30/197
2024
104/197
2024
Government debt
$3.58T
2024
$93B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
113.1%
2024
32.2%
2024
Government debt per person
$52,165
2024
$2,717
2024
Government debt per person rank
8/185
2024
108/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$35,669
2026
$7,290
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$2.37T
2018
$82.2B
2024
Number of millionaires
2,897,000
2025
n/a
Number of billionaires
52
2025
n/a
Income share by richest 10%
25%
2023
30.3%
2024
Income share by poorest 10%
3%
2023
2%
2024
Government expenditure, % of GDP
57.2%
2024
22.3%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
2%
2023-2024
2.01%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate n/a
4.25%
2025
Unemployment rate
7.44%
2024
4.86%
2024
Population
68788006
35031596

Spending and national debt comparison by year

France
Spending

Debt
Peru
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
France Peru
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 57.2% 113.1% 22.3% 32.2%
2023 56.8% 109.6% 22.1% 32.4%
2022 58.4% 111.4% 23.1% 33.5%
2021 59.5% 112.8% 23.1% 35.5%
2020 61.7% 114.9% 25.6% 34.3%
2019 55.3% 98.1% 20.8% 26.5%
2018 56.4% 98.5% 21% 25.7%
2017 57.7% 98.7% 20.6% 24.8%
2016 57.4% 98.1% 20.5% 23.9%
2015 57.6% 96.9% 22% 23.7%
2014 58.4% 96.1% 22.4% 20.5%
2013 58.6% 94.5% 21.5% 19.9%
2012 57.9% 91.7% 20.3% 20.7%
2011 57% 88.7% 19.8% 23.1%
2010 57.7% 86.3% 21% 25.1%
2009 58% 84.1% 21.3% 28.2%
2008 54.3% 69.8% 19.9% 28.1%
2007 53.6% 65.5% 18.6% 31.9%
2006 53.7% 65.4% 19.2% 34.9%
2005 54.3% 68.2% 20.4% 40.4%
2004 54% 66.9% 19.6% 46.7%
2003 54.4% 65.4% 20.1% 49.4%
2002 53.9% 61.3% 19.6% 45.5%
2001 52.8% 59.3% 20.9% 43.8%
2000 52.6% 59.7% 21.7% 44.9%
1999 53.7% 61.4% 17.8% 41.1%
1998 54% 62.1% 16.3% 36.8%
1997 55.6% 62% 15.6% 34.5%
1996 56% 60.6% 16.5% 37.4%
1995 56% 57.8% 17.5% 36.8%
1994 55.9% 51.6% 16.9% 41.9%
1993 56.5% 48.2% 18.2% 49.9%
1992 54% 41.7% 19.1% 46.8%
1991 52.7% 37.8% 15.7% 48.3%
1990 51.6% 36.8% 20.4% 56.3%
1989 48.9% 34% 12.1% 34.9%
1988 50.1% 33.3% 12.8% 42.8%
1987 50.7% 33.4% 15.5% 39.1%
1986 51.3% 31.1% 16.6% 48.6%
1985 51.9% 30.6% 17.2% 63.4%
1984 51.2% 29% 18.3% 56.7%
1983 50.2% 26.6% 19.4% 56.2%
1982 49.9% 25.3% 17.6% 34.2%
1981 48.5% 22% 18.4% 30.6%
1980 46% 20.7% 19.3% 36.3%
1979 44.9% 21.1% 16.4% 45.9%
1978 44.7% 21.2% 19% 56%
1977 21.4% 15% 19.4% 44.8%
1976 21.7% 15.1% 21.1% 34.5%
1975 22% 16.1% 19.8% 27%
1974 19.9% 15.4% 17.7% 24%
1973 19.7% 15.8% 19.5% 22.6%
1972 19.8% 17.7% 15.3% 20.6%
1971 20% 20.1% 15% 19%
1970 20.5% 21% 14.3% 20%
1969 21.5% 14.4% 16.4% -
1968 22.7% 15.8% 18.4% 15.2%
1967 21.4% 16.1% 19.1% 12.1%
1966 21.4% 15.3% 18.6% 17%
1965 21.1% 17.6% 18.7% 14.5%
1964 21% 19.6% 16.9% 14.1%
1963 22.6% 22.2% 16.2% -
1962 21.7% 23.6% 14.6% -
1961 21.9% 26.3% 14.8% 16%
1960 22.2% 28.5% 13.3% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1999, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/france/peru | CC BY

In 2024, France's government spending was $1.81T, accounting for 57.2% of its GDP, while Peru spent $64.4B, or 22.3% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 113.1% in France and 32.2% in Peru, ranking 14/185 and 154/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
France

Peru
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
France Peru
2024 -5.77% -3.54%
2023 -5.44% -2.78%
2022 -4.74% -1.38%
2021 -6.58% -2.49%
2020 -8.93% -8.16%
2019 -2.39% -1.37%
2018 -2.32% -1.94%
2017 -3.36% -2.79%
2016 -3.76% -2.12%
2015 -3.89% -2.02%
2014 -4.57% -0.19%
2013 -4.94% 0.75%
2012 -5.17% 2.07%
2011 -5.3% 2.05%
2010 -7.16% -0.02%
2009 -7.38% -1.48%
2008 -3.5% 2.48%
2007 -2.99% 3.35%
2006 -2.66% 2.03%
2005 -3.5% -0.44%
2004 -3.55% -1.03%
2003 -4.09% -1.62%
2002 -3.18% -1.4%
2001 -1.42% -2.15%
2000 -1.32% -2.12%
1999 -1.55% -2.93%
1998 -2.39% -0.2%
1997 -3.71% 0.47%
1996 -3.89% -0.25%
1995 -5.11% -2.05%
1994 -5.46% -1.9%
1993 -6.4% -2.82%
1992 -4.64% -3.55%
1991 -2.89% -1.98%
1990 -2.45% -7.99%
1989 -1.9% -1.3%
1988 -2.7% -3.57%
1987 -2.13% -6.26%
1986 -3.3% -4.08%
1985 -3.08% -2.41%
1984 -2.8% -4.45%
1983 -2.58% -7.52%
1982 -2.91% -3.22%
1981 -2.39% -3.98%
1980 -0.27% -2.36%
1979 -0.36% -0.54%
1978 -1.73% -5.07%
1977 0.9% -6.52%
1976 1.01% -8.37%
1975 -0.28% -6.54%
1974 3.05% -4.47%
1973 1.97% -6.68%
1972 1.94% -2.04%
1971 -0.13% -1.89%
1970 0.02% -0.42%
1969 -0.49% -1.1%
1968 -2.54% -3.28%
1967 -0.8% -3.76%
1966 -0.57% -5.41%
1965 -0.07% -4.79%
1964 -0.25% -3.37%
1963 -2.24% -1.86%
1962 -1.53% 2.16%
1961 -1.36% 2.46%
1960 -1.95% 3.32%
1959 0.56% -1.46%
1958 0.08% -2.63%
1957 -1.99% -2.23%
1956 -2.62% -0.93%
1955 -1.04% 0.06%
1954 -0.78% -0.66%
1953 -4.79% -2.35%
1952 -6.82% 0.04%
1951 -4.42% 0.61%
1950 -5.56% 0.08%
1949 -7.31% 0.26%
1948 -9.11% -0.84%
1947 -7.6% -0.54%
1946 -8.1% -1.39%
1945 - 0%
1944 - 0%
1943 - 0.18%
1942 - -2.38%
1941 - -1.76%
1940 - 0.27%
1939 - -1.01%
1938 - -1.57%
1937 -6.89% 0.18%
1936 -4.76% 0.18%
1935 -4.22% 0.09%
1934 -4.31% 0.11%
1933 -4.96% 0.02%
1932 -1.86% -0.57%
1931 -2.06% -0.28%
1930 -1.65% -0.67%
1929 1.48% 0.008%
1928 1.13% -1.88%
1927 -0.04% 0%
1926 -0.02% -1.84%
1925 -0.87% -1.69%
1924 - -1.31%
1923 - -0.85%
1922 - -1.24%
1921 - -1.53%
1920 - -0.4%
1919 - -0.26%
1918 - -0.34%
1917 - -0.25%
1916 - 0.27%
1915 - -0.74%
1914 - -1.59%
1913 0.05% -3.04%
1912 0.23% -0.45%
1911 0.31% 0.32%
1910 -0.12% 0.16%
1909 -0.11% -0.33%
1908 -0.15% -0.18%
1907 0.23% 0.18%
1906 -0.04% 0.38%
1905 0.18% 0.2%
1904 0.3% 0.22%
1903 0.21% 0.24%
1902 -0.37% 0.26%
1901 -0.39% 0.26%
1900 0.21% 0%
1899 0.21% -
1898 0.29% -
1897 0.01% -
1896 -0.03% -
1895 -0.07% -
1894 -0.08% -
1893 -0.3% -
1892 -0.03% -
1891 0.36% -
1890 0.31% -
1889 0.09% -
1888 0.18% -
1887 -0.07% -
1886 -0.5% -
1885 -0.59% -
1884 -0.35% -
1883 -0.23% -
1882 -0.15% -
1881 0.64% -
1880 0.65% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1880–1999, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/france/peru | CC BY

In 2024, France's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $182B, equivalent to 5.77% of GDP. This compares to Peru's deficit of $10.2B, or 3.54% of GDP.

Over the past 65 years, France recorded a fiscal deficit in 59 of those years, while Peru ran a deficit in 55 years. On average, France posted an annual deficit equal to 2.71% of GDP, compared to deficit of 2.26% of GDP for Peru.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
France

Peru
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
France Peru
2024 2% 2.01%
2023 4.88% 6.46%
2022 5.22% 8.33%
2021 1.64% 4.27%
2020 0.48% 2%
2019 1.11% 2.25%
2018 1.85% 1.51%
2017 1.03% 2.99%
2016 0.18% 3.56%
2015 0.04% 3.4%
2014 0.51% 3.41%
2013 0.86% 2.77%
2012 1.95% 3.61%
2011 2.11% 3.37%
2010 1.53% 1.53%
2009 0.09% 2.94%
2008 2.81% 5.79%
2007 1.49% 1.78%
2006 1.68% 2%
2005 1.75% 1.62%
2004 2.14% 3.66%
2003 2.1% 2.26%
2002 1.92% 0.19%
2001 1.63% 1.98%
2000 1.68% 3.76%
1999 0.54% 3.47%
1998 0.65% 7.25%
1997 1.2% 8.56%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/france/peru | CC BY

Over the past 28 years, France has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 1.61%, compared with 3.45% in Peru. In 2024, inflation was 2% in France and 2.01% in Peru.

Top exports between countries

France
Export category Export value
Chemicals & pharma $128M
Machinery & equipment $109M
Raw materials & minerals $20.3M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $17.4M
Textiles & consumer goods $16.9M
Weapons & explosives $9.65M
Metals $5.24M
Animal & marine products $3.07M
Wood & paper products $2.92M
Raw agricultural goods $1.9M
Peru
Export category Export value
Raw materials & minerals $139M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $76.1M
Raw agricultural goods $58.2M
Animal & marine products $28.4M
Precious metals & jewellery $26M
Metals $17.9M
Wood & paper products $14.2M
Textiles & consumer goods $13M
Chemicals & pharma $2.5M
Machinery & equipment $799K

Balance of trade

France Peru
Current account balance
$2.69B
2024
$6.39B
2024
Current account balance ranking
42/190
2024
29/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
+0.09%
2024
+2.21%
2024
Goods imports
$733B
2024
$52.1B
2024
Goods exports
$668B
2024
$76.2B
2024
Service imports
$341B
2024
$15.1B
2024
Service exports
$403B
2024
$7.15B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
34.2%
2024
22.9%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
33.9%
2024
28.5%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

France Peru
Economic freedom 64.6 66.3
Economic freedom ranking 72/197 62/197
Property rights 91.2 44
Government integrity 73.4 35
Judicial effectiveness 84.7 47.8
Tax burden 54.6 79.4
Government spending 0.9 84.8
Fiscal health 34.8 87.4
Business freedom 78.4 73.1
Labor freedom 59.1 64.7
Monetary freedom 73.2 77.6
Trade freedom 79.4 81.6
Investment freedom 75 60
Financial freedom 70 60

Economic freedom comparison by year

France
Peru
1x
Year Economic freedom index
France Peru
2026 64.6 66.3
2025 64.4 65.9
2024 62.5 64.8
2023 63.6 66.5
2022 65.9 66.5
2021 65.7 67.7
2020 66 67.9
2019 63.8 67.8
2018 63.9 68.7
2017 63.3 68.9
2016 62.3 67.4
2015 62.5 67.7
2014 63.5 67.4
2013 64.1 68.2
2012 63.2 68.7
2011 64.6 68.6
2010 64.2 67.6
2009 63.3 64.6
2008 64.7 63.8
2007 62.1 62.7
2006 61.1 60.5
2005 60.5 61.3
2004 60.9 64.7
2003 59.2 64.6
2002 58 64.8
2001 58 69.6
2000 57.4 68.7
1999 59.1 69.2
1998 58.9 65
1997 59.1 63.8
1996 63.7 62.5
1995 64.4 56.9

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/france/peru | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for France is 64.6, ranking 72/197, compared to 66.3 for Peru, ranking 62/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

France Peru
Services, % of GDP
70.9%
2024
51.3%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
17.2%
2024
34%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
1.3%
2024
7.34%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$3.1T
2024
$257B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$63,880
2024
$16,780
2024
Total reserves including gold
$283B
2024
$79.2B
2024
Total reserves ranking
13/177
2024
33/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
-$10.3B
2024
-$5.63B
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$52.1B
2024
$6.8B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$41.7B
2024
$1.17B
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI n/a
5.58%
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
15.6%
2021
27.6%
2024
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
21.5%
2024
19.4%
2024

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/france/peru | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1880–1999, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.