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Economy of Fiji vs France compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank

Fiji has a GDP of $6.2B compared to $3.37T for France, ranking 161/197 and 7/197 by economy size, respectively.

Fiji has $4.88B in government debt (78.7% of GDP), compared to $3.9T (116% of GDP) in France.

Fiji vs France GDP by year

Fiji
France
1x
Year GDP, current $
Fiji France
2025 $6,198,013,062 $3,366,315,927,447
2024 $5,968,125,909 $3,160,442,622,465
2023 $5,476,673,518 $3,056,250,648,138
2022 $4,977,861,886 $2,794,788,137,067
2021 $4,158,873,156 $2,966,433,692,008
2020 $4,227,719,873 $2,647,926,055,110
2019 $5,344,907,153 $2,722,793,515,172
2018 $5,581,425,327 $2,781,576,320,884
2017 $5,353,469,174 $2,588,868,323,335
2016 $4,930,213,644 $2,470,407,619,777
2015 $4,682,479,894 $2,442,483,452,643
2014 $4,857,104,769 $2,861,236,112,552
2013 $4,189,967,999 $2,816,077,607,875
2012 $3,972,028,104 $2,683,007,095,787
2011 $3,779,411,899 $2,870,408,553,990
2010 $3,140,166,713 $2,646,230,027,988
2009 $2,870,624,636 $2,700,075,882,519
2008 $3,523,185,920 $2,926,802,941,586
2007 $3,378,314,600 $2,655,816,911,867
2006 $3,076,305,453 $2,317,861,544,691
2005 $2,980,403,845 $2,192,146,403,028
2004 $2,708,078,477 $2,109,792,297,237
2003 $2,300,492,465 $1,835,095,983,049
2002 $1,833,279,985 $1,492,427,756,382
2001 $1,652,462,023 $1,370,376,677,299
2000 $1,678,219,508 $1,360,959,069,477
1999 $1,936,459,986 $1,486,915,879,702
1998 $1,653,146,717 $1,496,906,382,032
1997 $2,090,221,137 $1,449,392,222,971
1996 $2,128,696,644 $1,598,889,216,566
1995 $1,970,301,486 $1,595,219,345,512
1994 $1,825,732,093 $1,385,822,778,828
1993 $1,636,101,247 $1,314,383,368,080
1992 $1,532,411,039 $1,389,663,073,110
1991 $1,383,883,250 $1,258,961,748,634
1990 $1,337,017,559 $1,257,649,439,827
1989 $1,182,660,266 $1,016,742,237,302
1988 $1,110,009,523 $1,010,827,662,152
1987 $1,177,947,965 $926,320,855,615
1986 $1,290,267,340 $764,946,585,851
1985 $1,141,168,944 $547,220,981,165
1984 $1,178,000,678 $525,033,325,828
1983 $1,123,085,190 $553,356,312,936
1982 $1,194,059,943 $578,152,310,610
1981 $1,235,626,771 $609,184,791,792
1980 $1,202,618,816 $694,529,183,483
1979 $1,019,691,460 $608,218,624,730
1978 $829,267,889 $501,724,418,605
1977 $719,501,766 $406,401,711,688
1976 $694,540,806 $368,363,152,144
1975 $684,282,434 $357,324,307,786
1974 $558,587,097 $282,739,225,314
1973 $425,950,488 $261,970,536,240
1972 $316,656,649 $201,738,881,664
1971 $247,749,328 $164,694,210,962
1970 $219,878,482 $147,312,861,698
1969 $182,182,068 $140,660,914,841
1968 $166,952,937 $128,710,572,572
1967 $162,625,886 $118,088,635,381
1966 $150,603,926 $109,306,730,313
1965 $147,084,750 $100,927,668,584
1964 $140,032,741 $93,424,179,943
1963 $129,454,729 $84,227,606,650
1962 $122,906,435 $75,196,980,365
1961 $116,987,785 $67,158,050,215
1960 $112,328,422 $61,959,085,885

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/fiji/france | CC BY

GDP per capita in Fiji vs France by year

Fiji
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
France
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Fiji France
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2025 $6,642 - $48,986 -
2024 $6,426 $15,450 $46,103 $62,557
2023 $5,926 $14,644 $44,700 $60,839
2022 $5,414 $12,982 $40,989 $57,043
2021 $4,537 $10,322 $43,725 $52,517
2020 $4,621 $10,716 $39,170 $49,482
2019 $5,842 $12,978 $40,408 $51,130
2018 $6,085 $12,984 $41,418 $46,381
2017 $5,827 $12,585 $38,687 $44,469
2016 $5,364 $11,766 $37,024 $42,880
2015 $5,098 $11,519 $36,702 $40,905
2014 $5,293 $10,516 $43,148 $40,218
2013 $4,572 $8,842 $42,669 $39,583
2012 $4,341 $8,204 $40,864 $37,671
2011 $4,140 $7,672 $43,930 $37,510
2010 $3,449 $7,339 $40,695 $35,908
2009 $3,164 $7,068 $41,728 $34,685
2008 $3,900 $7,154 $45,465 $35,053
2007 $3,763 $6,990 $41,486 $34,066
2006 $3,455 $6,921 $36,432 $32,424
2005 $3,378 $6,652 $34,696 $30,431
2004 $3,097 $6,463 $33,645 $28,921
2003 $2,656 $6,033 $29,480 $28,024
2002 $2,137 $5,914 $24,145 $28,350
2001 $1,945 $5,699 $22,332 $27,347
2000 $1,996 $5,521 $22,341 $26,007
1999 $2,328 $5,552 $24,576 $24,204
1998 $2,010 $5,090 $24,869 $23,263
1997 $2,574 $5,031 $24,169 $22,190
1996 $2,648 $5,109 $26,758 $21,268
1995 $2,467 $4,818 $26,792 $20,701
1994 $2,297 $4,627 $23,360 $19,892
1993 $2,070 $4,334 $22,239 $19,094
1992 $1,951 $4,172 $23,615 $18,801
1991 $1,775 $3,873 $21,501 $18,198
1990 $1,729 $3,882 $21,586 $17,475
1989 $1,543 - $17,547 -
1988 $1,463 - $17,550 -
1987 $1,569 - $16,176 -
1986 $1,745 - $13,430 -
1985 $1,577 - $9,657 -
1984 $1,667 - $9,312 -
1983 $1,628 - $9,862 -
1982 $1,773 - $10,360 -
1981 $1,879 - $10,956 -
1980 $1,873 - $12,565 -
1979 $1,627 - $11,063 -
1978 $1,355 - $9,167 -
1977 $1,204 - $7,459 -
1976 $1,186 - $6,792 -
1975 $1,188 - $6,617 -
1974 $984 - $5,261 -
1973 $762 - $4,907 -
1972 $575 - $3,809 -
1971 $458 - $3,137 -
1970 $414 - $2,833 -
1969 $350 - $2,729 -
1968 $327 - $2,518 -
1967 $326 - $2,328 -
1966 $310 - $2,173 -
1965 $311 - $2,024 -
1964 $306 - $1,891 -
1963 $291.4 - $1,723 -
1962 $285.5 - $1,554 -
1961 $280.3 - $1,402 -
1960 $277.4 - $1,307 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/fiji/france | CC BY

Fiji's GDP per capita is $6,642, ranking 106/197, compared to $48,986 in France, ranking 27/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Fiji ranks 113th at $15,450, while France ranks 30th at $62,557.

Economic indicators

Fiji France
Gross domestic product
$6.2B
2025
$3.37T
2025
GDP rank
161/197
2025
7/197
2025
GDP growth
3.2%
2024-2025
0.84%
2024-2025
GDP per capita
$6,642
2025
$48,986
2025
GDP per capita rank
106/197
2025
27/197
2025
GDP per capita, PPP
$15,450
2024
$62,557
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
113/197
2024
30/197
2024
Government debt
$4.88B
2025
$3.9T
2025
Debt-to-GDP ratio
78.7%
2025
116%
2025
Government debt per person
$5,227
2025
$56,819
2025
Government debt per person rank
82/185
2025
8/185
2025
Average annual personal income after taxes
$4,553
2026
$35,062
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies n/a
$2.37T
2018
Number of millionaires n/a
2,388,000
2026
Number of billionaires n/a
51
2026
Income share by richest 10%
24.2%
2019
25%
2023
Income share by poorest 10%
3.5%
2019
3%
2023
Government expenditure, % of GDP
31.5%
2025
57.5%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
-1.38%
2024-2025
0.94%
2024-2025
Central bank interest rate
0.25%
2020
n/a
Unemployment rate
5.36%
2024
7.7%
2025
Population
939479
68871753

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Fiji
Spending

Debt
France
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Fiji France
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2025 31.5% 78.7% 57.5% 116%
2024 30.8% 79.1% 57.3% 113.2%
2023 30.2% 82.9% 56.8% 109.6%
2022 33.9% 91.5% 58.4% 111.4%
2021 35.8% 86.7% 59.5% 112.8%
2020 32.7% 65.8% 61.7% 114.9%
2019 30.7% 49.5% 55.3% 98.2%
2018 32.5% 45.8% 56.4% 98.5%
2017 28.1% 43.4% 57.7% 98.8%
2016 32.1% 44.6% 57.4% 98.1%
2015 30.6% 44.3% 57.6% 97%
2014 30.2% 46.2% 58.4% 96.2%
2013 25.9% 47.4% 58.6% 94.6%
2012 26% 48.6% 57.9% 91.7%
2011 26.5% 51% 57% 88.7%
2010 25.5% 53.4% 57.7% 86.3%
2009 26.2% 51.5% 58% 84.1%
2008 22.8% 47.9% 54.3% 69.8%
2007 23.5% 46.4% 53.6% 65.5%
2006 25.4% 50.3% 53.7% 65.4%
2005 24% 45.3% 54.3% 68.2%
2004 24.7% 45.9% 54% 66.9%
2003 26.7% 46.4% 54.4% 65.4%
2002 28.1% 44.5% 53.9% 61.3%
2001 27% 41.9% 52.8% 59.3%
2000 24.2% 35.9% 52.6% 59.7%
1999 24.6% 34.7% 53.7% 61.4%
1998 27.7% 37.9% 54% 62.1%
1997 29.2% 54.4% 55.6% 62%
1996 27.2% 50.3% 56% 60.6%
1995 23.5% 49.1% 56% 57.8%
1994 24.9% 48.8% 55.9% 51.6%
1993 26.7% 45.9% 56.5% 48.2%
1992 27.1% 44.3% 54% 41.7%
1991 - - 52.7% 37.8%
1990 - - 51.6% 36.8%
1989 - - 48.9% 34%
1988 - - 50.1% 33.3%
1987 - - 50.7% 33.4%
1986 - - 51.3% 31.1%
1985 - - 51.9% 30.6%
1984 - - 51.2% 29%
1983 - - 50.2% 26.6%
1982 - - 49.9% 25.3%
1981 - - 48.5% 22%
1980 - - 46% 20.7%
1979 - - 44.9% 21.1%
1978 - - 44.7% 21.2%
1977 - - 21.4% 15%
1976 - - 21.7% 15.1%
1975 - - 22% 16.1%
1974 - - 19.9% 15.4%
1973 - - 19.7% 15.8%
1972 - - 19.8% 17.7%
1971 - - 20% 20.1%
1970 - - 20.5% 21%
1969 - - 21.5% 14.4%
1968 - - 22.7% 15.8%
1967 - - 21.4% 16.1%
1966 - - 21.4% 15.3%
1965 - - 21.1% 17.6%
1964 - - 21% 19.6%
1963 - - 22.6% 22.2%
1962 - - 21.7% 23.6%
1961 - - 21.9% 26.3%
1960 - - 22.2% 28.5%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/fiji/france | CC BY

In 2025, Fiji's government spending was $1.95B, accounting for 31.5% of its GDP, while France spent $1.93T, or 57.5% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 78.7% in Fiji and 116% in France, ranking 45/185 and 13/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Fiji

France
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Fiji France
2025 -2.46% -5.11%
2024 -3.44% -5.79%
2023 -7.15% -5.44%
2022 -12.3% -4.74%
2021 -14.2% -6.58%
2020 -8.34% -8.93%
2019 -3.65% -2.39%
2018 -4.82% -2.32%
2017 -2.28% -3.36%
2016 -5.7% -3.76%
2015 -3.91% -3.89%
2014 -3.48% -4.57%
2013 -0.08% -4.94%
2012 -0.68% -5.17%
2011 -0.72% -5.3%
2010 -1.29% -7.16%
2009 -2.76% -7.38%
2008 1.56% -3.5%
2007 0.36% -2.99%
2006 -0.76% -2.66%
2005 -1.18% -3.5%
2004 -0.98% -3.55%
2003 -3.46% -4.09%
2002 -3.68% -3.18%
2001 -4.5% -1.42%
2000 -1.33% -1.32%
1999 1.17% -1.55%
1998 5.4% -2.39%
1997 -4.5% -3.71%
1996 -3.46% -3.89%
1995 0.78% -5.11%
1994 -0.2% -5.46%
1993 -1.9% -6.4%
1992 -2.25% -4.64%
1991 - -2.89%
1990 - -2.45%
1989 - -1.9%
1988 - -2.7%
1987 - -2.13%
1986 - -3.3%
1985 - -3.08%
1984 - -2.8%
1983 - -2.58%
1982 - -2.91%
1981 - -2.39%
1980 - -0.27%
1979 - -0.36%
1978 - -1.73%
1977 - 0.9%
1976 - 1.01%
1975 - -0.28%
1974 - 3.05%
1973 - 1.97%
1972 - 1.94%
1971 - -0.13%
1970 - 0.02%
1969 - -0.49%
1968 - -2.54%
1967 - -0.8%
1966 - -0.57%
1965 - -0.07%
1964 - -0.25%
1963 - -2.24%
1962 - -1.53%
1961 - -1.36%
1960 - -1.95%
1959 - 0.56%
1958 - 0.08%
1957 - -1.99%
1956 - -2.62%
1955 - -1.04%
1954 - -0.78%
1953 - -4.79%
1952 - -6.82%
1951 - -4.42%
1950 - -5.56%
1949 - -7.31%
1948 - -9.11%
1947 - -7.6%
1946 - -8.1%
1945 - -
1944 - -
1943 - -
1942 - -
1941 - -
1940 - -
1939 - -
1938 - -
1937 - -6.89%
1936 - -4.76%
1935 - -4.22%
1934 - -4.31%
1933 - -4.96%
1932 - -1.86%
1931 - -2.06%
1930 - -1.65%
1929 - 1.48%
1928 - 1.13%
1927 - -0.04%
1926 - -0.02%
1925 - -0.87%
1924 - -
1923 - -
1922 - -
1921 - -
1920 - -
1919 - -
1918 - -
1917 - -
1916 - -
1915 - -
1914 - -
1913 - 0.05%
1912 - 0.23%
1911 - 0.31%
1910 - -0.12%
1909 - -0.11%
1908 - -0.15%
1907 - 0.23%
1906 - -0.04%
1905 - 0.18%
1904 - 0.3%
1903 - 0.21%
1902 - -0.37%
1901 - -0.39%
1900 - 0.21%
1899 - 0.21%
1898 - 0.29%
1897 - 0.01%
1896 - -0.03%
1895 - -0.07%
1894 - -0.08%
1893 - -0.3%
1892 - -0.03%
1891 - 0.36%
1890 - 0.31%
1889 - 0.09%
1888 - 0.18%
1887 - -0.07%
1886 - -0.5%
1885 - -0.59%
1884 - -0.35%
1883 - -0.23%
1882 - -0.15%
1881 - 0.64%
1880 - 0.65%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1880–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/fiji/france | CC BY

In 2025, Fiji's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $153M, equivalent to 2.46% of GDP. This compares to France's deficit of $172B, or 5.11% of GDP.

Over the past 34 years, Fiji recorded a fiscal deficit in 29 of those years, while France ran a deficit in 34 years. On average, Fiji posted an annual deficit equal to 2.83% of GDP, compared to deficit of 4.3% of GDP for France.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Fiji

France
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Fiji France
2025 -1.38% 0.94%
2024 3.89% 2%
2023 2.98% 4.88%
2022 6.08% 5.22%
2021 1.53% 1.64%
2020 -1.7% 0.48%
2019 1.79% 1.11%
2018 4.08% 1.85%
2017 3.35% 1.03%
2016 3.86% 0.18%
2015 1.37% 0.04%
2014 0.52% 0.51%
2013 2.91% 0.86%
2012 3.42% 1.95%
2011 7.28% 2.11%
2010 3.69% 1.53%
2009 3.13% 0.09%
2008 7.73% 2.81%
2007 4.8% 1.49%
2006 2.49% 1.68%
2005 2.37% 1.75%
2004 2.83% 2.14%
2003 4.17% 2.1%
2002 0.76% 1.92%
2001 4.27% 1.63%
2000 1.09% 1.68%
1999 1.97% 0.54%
1998 5.71% 0.65%
1997 3.37% 1.2%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/fiji/france | CC BY

Over the past 29 years, Fiji has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 3.05%, compared with 1.59% in France. In 2025, inflation was -1.38% in Fiji and 0.94% in France.

Top exports between countries

Fiji
Export category Export value
Animal & marine products $3.61M
Miscellaneous $244K
Weapons & explosives $138K
Metals $115K
Chemicals & pharma $98K
Wood & paper products $75K
Raw agricultural goods $68K
Machinery & equipment $42K
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $42K
Textiles & consumer goods $24K
France
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $26.7M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $1.18M
Chemicals & pharma $1.02M
Miscellaneous $389K
Textiles & consumer goods $248K
Metals $161K
Wood & paper products $124K
Raw materials & minerals $119K
Animal & marine products $20K
Precious metals & jewellery $13K

Balance of trade

Fiji France
Current account balance
-$464M
2024
-$9.24B
2025
Current account balance ranking
104/190
2024
173/190
2025
Current account balance, % of GDP
-7.78%
2024
-0.27%
2025
Goods imports
$2.86B
2024
$770B
2025
Goods exports
$1.13B
2024
$704B
2025
Service imports
$996M
2024
$370B
2025
Service exports
$2.12B
2024
$429B
2025
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
64.6%
2024
33.8%
2025
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
54.4%
2024
33.4%
2025

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Fiji France
Economic freedom 59.5 64.6
Economic freedom ranking 103/197 72/197
Property rights 59.9 91.2
Government integrity 55.4 73.4
Judicial effectiveness 53.2 84.7
Tax burden 87.8 54.6
Government spending 70 0.9
Fiscal health 7.5 34.8
Business freedom 69.5 78.4
Labor freedom 66.9 59.1
Monetary freedom 72.4 73.2
Trade freedom 66.6 79.4
Investment freedom 55 75
Financial freedom 50 70

Economic freedom comparison by year

Fiji
France
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Fiji France
2026 59.5 64.6
2025 59.1 64.4
2024 58 62.5
2023 58 63.6
2022 56.4 65.9
2021 62.2 65.7
2020 63.4 66
2019 62.2 63.8
2018 62 63.9
2017 63.4 63.3
2016 58.8 62.3
2015 59 62.5
2014 58.7 63.5
2013 57.2 64.1
2012 57.3 63.2
2011 60.4 64.6
2010 60.3 64.2
2009 61 63.3
2008 61.8 64.7
2007 60.8 62.1
2006 58.4 61.1
2005 58.2 60.5
2004 58 60.9
2003 54.7 59.2
2002 53.9 58
2001 53.7 58
2000 57.8 57.4
1999 58.4 59.1
1998 58.2 58.9
1997 58 59.1
1996 57.4 63.7
1995 54.7 64.4

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/fiji/france | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Fiji is 59.5, ranking 103/197, compared to 64.6 for France, ranking 72/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Fiji France
Services, % of GDP
57%
2025
70.9%
2025
Industry, % of GDP
13.9%
2025
16.8%
2025
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
14%
2025
1.4%
2025
GNI, Atlas method
$5.81B
2025
$3.34T
2025
GNI per capita, PPP
$15,360
2025
$65,110
2025
Total reserves including gold
$1.66B
2025
$428B
2025
Total reserves ranking
130/177
2025
12/177
2025
Net foreign direct investment
-$178M
2024
$7.24B
2025
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$204M
2024
$52.1B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$25.6M
2024
$41.7B
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
4.36%
2024
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
31%
2020
15.6%
2021
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
20.9%
2024
21.9%
2025

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/fiji/france | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1880–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  6. TradeMap (2023–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  9. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2020, retrieved 2026-07-08)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.