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Economy of Canada vs Jordan compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank

Canada has a GDP of $2.32T compared to $61.6B for Jordan, ranking 10/197 and 90/197 by economy size, respectively.

Canada has $2.63T in government debt (113.5% of GDP), compared to $51B (82.8% of GDP) in Jordan.

Canada vs Jordan GDP by year

Canada
Jordan
1x
Year GDP, current $
Canada Jordan
2025 $2,319,899,772,426 $61,610,052,535
2024 $2,270,076,189,683 $58,618,380,563
2023 $2,196,593,836,347 $56,123,472,113
2022 $2,200,562,785,046 $53,516,930,141
2021 $2,022,377,950,897 $50,702,940,986
2020 $1,655,686,966,882 $47,931,770,986
2019 $1,743,728,952,157 $48,640,273,803
2018 $1,725,330,736,238 $47,435,850,423
2017 $1,649,269,496,515 $45,535,614,366
2016 $1,527,996,250,641 $43,688,498,732
2015 $1,556,510,380,200 $42,394,049,296
2014 $1,805,751,688,809 $40,535,098,592
2013 $1,846,583,831,414 $37,873,362,958
2012 $1,828,359,477,072 $34,854,017,887
2011 $1,793,335,727,901 $32,640,291,549
2010 $1,617,349,192,091 $30,202,773,521
2009 $1,374,627,766,600 $27,462,496,197
2008 $1,552,993,439,550 $25,651,620,831
2007 $1,468,820,407,783 $17,110,437,236
2006 $1,319,291,255,289 $15,056,981,664
2005 $1,173,118,501,403 $12,588,998,590
2004 $1,026,691,006,918 $11,411,706,629
2003 $895,542,074,085 $10,195,627,645
2002 $760,650,608,552 $9,582,510,578
2001 $738,981,792,355 $8,975,814,653
2000 $744,773,415,932 $8,460,789,845
1999 $678,414,215,521 $8,149,929,478
1998 $633,999,325,918 $7,912,270,804
1997 $654,987,722,086 $7,245,839,210
1996 $630,607,994,133 $6,927,503,526
1995 $605,961,090,061 $6,727,597,032
1994 $579,944,346,807 $6,236,295,978
1993 $579,053,561,739 $5,606,400,222
1992 $594,387,358,319 $5,310,833,194
1991 $612,527,712,316 $4,344,467,193
1990 $596,075,591,361 $4,160,087,508
1989 $567,211,993,243 $4,221,373,674
1988 $509,380,027,627 $6,277,451,829
1987 $433,134,238,311 $6,756,209,762
1986 $379,006,836,992 $6,402,050,485
1985 $366,186,012,450 $4,993,601,520
1984 $356,718,400,124 $4,967,162,160
1983 $341,866,277,183 $4,920,692,191
1982 $314,647,807,409 $4,681,240,993
1981 $307,246,642,756 $4,383,944,703
1980 $274,776,566,028 $3,910,044,474
1979 $243,891,124,296 $3,271,368,781
1978 $219,369,542,386 $2,602,208,589
1977 $212,325,176,305 $2,096,778,602
1976 $207,271,612,576 $1,708,521,219
1975 $174,419,757,177 $1,363,073,498
1974 $160,949,188,139 $1,197,483,949
1973 $131,764,343,566 $943,783,840
1972 $113,463,848,874 $788,479,685
1971 $99,606,454,744 $678,159,729
1970 $88,192,257,632 $639,519,744
1969 $79,405,011,125 $698,879,720
1968 $72,048,833,006 $561,119,776
1967 $65,856,924,424 $631,679,747
1966 $61,252,415,405 $657,999,737
1965 $54,649,410,479 $599,759,760
1964 $49,503,663,836 -
1963 $45,140,337,827 -
1962 $42,336,211,556 -
1961 $41,038,192,838 -
1960 $40,563,768,947 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/canada/jordan | CC BY

GDP per capita in Canada vs Jordan by year

Canada
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Jordan
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Canada Jordan
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2025 $55,698 - $5,348 -
2024 $55,016 $64,610 $5,074 $10,821
2023 $54,848 $64,219 $4,906 $10,412
2022 $56,497 $63,944 $4,754 $9,927
2021 $52,887 $56,995 $4,582 $9,182
2020 $43,538 $48,591 $4,411 $9,579
2019 $46,353 $50,499 $4,558 $9,429
2018 $46,539 $49,983 $4,534 $9,042
2017 $45,130 $48,317 $4,449 $9,266
2016 $42,314 $46,471 $4,366 $8,748
2015 $43,594 $44,668 $4,442 $8,967
2014 $50,961 $45,758 $4,611 $9,145
2013 $52,638 $44,301 $4,739 $9,817
2012 $52,670 $42,292 $4,594 $9,739
2011 $52,224 $41,667 $4,363 $9,632
2010 $47,561 $40,103 $4,139 $9,417
2009 $40,875 $38,863 $3,845 $9,291
2008 $46,710 $40,376 $3,670 $8,983
2007 $44,660 $39,573 $2,506 $8,416
2006 $40,505 $38,123 $2,343 $8,046
2005 $36,384 $36,328 $2,088 $7,697
2004 $32,146 $33,929 $1,940 $7,074
2003 $28,302 $32,350 $1,776 $6,500
2002 $24,256 $30,964 $1,706 $6,256
2001 $23,822 $30,241 $1,632 $5,948
2000 $24,271 $29,348 $1,571 $5,641
1999 $22,315 $27,841 $1,545 $5,402
1998 $21,025 $26,324 $1,532 $5,264
1997 $21,902 $25,264 $1,436 $5,171
1996 $21,297 $24,055 $1,410 $5,055
1995 $20,680 $23,474 $1,416 $5,027
1994 $19,998 $22,624 $1,367 $4,830
1993 $20,187 $21,432 $1,289 $4,726
1992 $20,950 $20,619 $1,287 $4,654
1991 $21,847 $20,220 $1,110 $4,195
1990 $21,526 $20,226 $1,149 $4,317
1989 $20,795 - $1,260 -
1988 $19,013 - $1,966 -
1987 $16,378 - $2,217 -
1986 $14,521 - $2,200 -
1985 $14,170 - $1,797 -
1984 $13,930 - $1,871 -
1983 $13,477 - $1,939 -
1982 $12,527 - $1,929 -
1981 $12,379 - $1,885 -
1980 $11,208 - $1,750 -
1979 $10,078 - $1,519 -
1978 $9,154 - $1,249 -
1977 $8,949 - $1,039 -
1976 $8,839 - $873 -
1975 $7,537 - $718 -
1974 $7,057 - $651 -
1973 $5,858 - $531 -
1972 $5,107 - $460 -
1971 $4,535 - $412 -
1970 $4,136 - $409 -
1969 $3,776 - $474 -
1968 $3,473 - $409 -
1967 $3,226 - $497 -
1966 $3,055 - $558 -
1965 $2,777 - $546 -
1964 $2,562 - - -
1963 $2,380 - - -
1962 $2,274 - - -
1961 $2,246 - - -
1960 $2,265 - - -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/canada/jordan | CC BY

Canada's GDP per capita is $55,698, ranking 23/197, compared to $5,348 in Jordan, ranking 120/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Canada ranks 28th at $64,610, while Jordan ranks 131st at $10,821.

Economic indicators

Canada Jordan
Gross domestic product
$2.32T
2025
$61.6B
2025
GDP rank
10/197
2025
90/197
2025
GDP growth
1.74%
2024-2025
2.83%
2024-2025
GDP per capita
$55,698
2025
$5,348
2025
GDP per capita rank
23/197
2025
120/197
2025
GDP per capita, PPP
$64,610
2024
$10,821
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
28/197
2024
131/197
2024
Government debt
$2.63T
2025
$51B
2025
Debt-to-GDP ratio
113.5%
2025
82.8%
2025
Government debt per person
$63,220
2025
$4,430
2025
Government debt per person rank
5/185
2025
91/185
2025
Average annual personal income after taxes
$36,531
2026
$4,506
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$4.62T
2025
$37.4B
2025
Number of millionaires
2,098,000
2026
n/a
Number of billionaires
82
2026
n/a
Income share by richest 10%
24.6%
2022
27.4%
2010
Income share by poorest 10%
2.9%
2022
3.5%
2010
Government expenditure, % of GDP
44%
2025
33.7%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
2.07%
2024-2025
1.77%
2024-2025
Central bank interest rate
2.25%
2025
5.75%
2025
Unemployment rate
6.82%
2025
16.8%
2024
Population
42199836
11538682

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Canada
Spending

Debt
Jordan
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Canada Jordan
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2025 44% 113.5% 33.7% 82.8%
2024 44.3% 110% 34.6% 82.1%
2023 41.8% 105.1% 33.9% 81%
2022 40.4% 103.5% 32.8% 80.7%
2021 45.5% 112.6% 33.8% 79.9%
2020 52.4% 118.1% 33% 77.9%
2019 40.6% 90.1% 32.7% 69.4%
2018 40.7% 90.8% 33.3% 67.9%
2017 40.5% 91% 31.7% 69.1%
2016 40.8% 92.5% 30% 70.7%
2015 40% 92.3% 32.3% 71.4%
2014 38.4% 85.8% 36.3% 68.2%
2013 40% 87.7% 34.5% 68.8%
2012 40.9% 87% 28.3% 64%
2011 41.6% 84.3% 29.3% 56.1%
2010 43.1% 84% 26.6% 53.4%
2009 43.4% 81.8% 30.7% 51.8%
2008 38.8% 70.4% 29.6% 47.9%
2007 38.5% 67.2% 32.4% 58.2%
2006 38.7% 69.9% 34% 60%
2005 38.5% 70.6% 36.6% 66.1%
2004 39.1% 71.9% 35.1% 73.8%
2003 40.3% 75.9% 35% 80.4%
2002 40.4% 79.6% 31.6% 85.9%
2001 41.1% 81.5% 30.6% 85.5%
2000 40.6% 80.4% 31.2% 89.9%
1999 41.8% 89% 31.8% 98.7%
1998 43.4% 93.3% 32.3% 96.3%
1997 43.5% 95.3% 30.7% 94.7%
1996 45.9% 100.2% 32.6% 101.2%
1995 47.7% 100.1% 32.1% 102.4%
1994 49% 97.5% 30.6% 112.1%
1993 51.5% 94.7% 32.5% 122.1%
1992 52.5% 88.2% 31.7% 134.7%
1991 51.4% 81.7% 39.6% 180.5%
1990 48.1% 73.7% 39.9% 197.7%
1989 45.8% 72.2% 42.5% 195.4%
1988 45.4% 71.1% 44.3% 129.3%
1987 46.1% 71.4% 42.1% 101.9%
1986 47.6% 71% 33.8% 84.3%
1985 48.3% 66.9% 42.4% 85.2%
1984 47.5% 61.7% - -
1983 47.9% 58.4% - -
1982 47.3% 52.7% - -
1981 42.5% 46.9% - -
1980 41.6% 45.6% - -
1979 40% 45.3% - -
1978 41.6% 48% - -
1977 41.4% 45.1% - -
1976 40.2% 43.6% - -
1975 41.1% 45.2% - -
1974 37.6% 45.8% - -
1973 36% 48% - -
1972 37.5% 53.5% - -
1971 37.3% 55.3% - -
1970 36% 54.3% - -
1969 33.9% 53% - -
1968 33.8% 55.9% - -
1967 32.9% 56.9% - -
1966 30.8% 56.6% - -
1965 29.8% 60.1% - -
1964 29.7% 63.7% - -
1963 30.3% 67% - -
1962 30.6% 67.2% - -
1961 30.6% 68.2% - -
1960 14.9% 66.1% - -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/canada/jordan | CC BY

In 2025, Canada's government spending was $1.02T, accounting for 44% of its GDP, while Jordan spent $20.8B, or 33.7% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 113.5% in Canada and 82.8% in Jordan, ranking 14/185 and 39/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Canada

Jordan
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Canada Jordan
2025 -1.77% -6.35%
2024 -2.12% -7.27%
2023 -0.16% -6.49%
2022 0.62% -4.9%
2021 -3.06% -6.62%
2020 -10.9% -7.56%
2019 -0.02% -5.06%
2018 0.36% -4.23%
2017 -0.11% -3.22%
2016 -0.45% -2.62%
2015 -0.06% -5.18%
2014 0.17% -6.75%
2013 -1.49% -8.78%
2012 -2.52% -3.33%
2011 -3.31% -1.21%
2010 -4.74% 0.19%
2009 -3.88% -2.28%
2008 0.18% 1.92%
2007 1.82% 2.76%
2006 1.83% -1.86%
2005 1.55% -2.2%
2004 0.77% 0.56%
2003 -0.13% -1.6%
2002 -0.23% -3.21%
2001 0.53% -1.13%
2000 2.64% -1.85%
1999 1.66% -1.13%
1998 0.14% -5.59%
1997 0.04% -2.68%
1996 -3.05% -2.69%
1995 -5.49% -1.45%
1994 -6.94% -1.67%
1993 -8.93% -1.43%
1992 -9.2% 2.07%
1991 -8.36% -8.1%
1990 -5.91% -6.82%
1989 -4.6% -6.89%
1988 -4.33% -13%
1987 -5.42% -13.4%
1986 -7.14% -2.39%
1985 -8.59% -6.9%
1984 -7.78% -
1983 -8.17% -
1982 -7.03% -
1981 -2.83% -
1980 -4.07% -
1979 -3.41% -
1978 -4.77% -
1977 -4.1% -
1976 -2.78% -
1975 -3.54% -
1974 1.1% -
1973 0.6% -
1972 -0.97% -
1971 -1.02% -
1970 -0.36% -
1969 1.2% -
1968 -0.45% -
1967 -0.82% -
1966 -0.07% -
1965 -0.25% -
1964 -0.68% -
1963 -2.31% -
1962 -2.6% -
1961 -2.75% -
1960 -0.85% -
1959 -1.08% -
1958 -1.69% -
1957 -0.11% -
1956 0.77% -
1955 -0.11% -
1954 -0.57% -
1953 0.3% -
1952 0.09% -
1951 1.1% -
1950 1.09% -
1949 0.78% -
1948 3.84% -
1947 5.02% -
1946 3.14% -
1945 -17.9% -
1944 -21.6% -
1943 -23.1% -
1942 -20.8% -
1941 -4.79% -
1940 -5.62% -
1939 -2.11% -
1938 -0.97% -
1937 -0.34% -
1936 -1.68% -
1935 -3.72% -
1934 -2.93% -
1933 -3.83% -
1932 -5.79% -
1931 -2.43% -
1930 -1.47% -
1929 0.78% -
1928 1.12% -
1927 0.92% -
1926 0.81% -
1925 0.55% -
1924 0.007% -
1923 0.79% -
1922 -0.75% -
1921 -2% -
1920 -1.82% -
1919 -8.94% -
1918 -8.98% -
1917 -7.83% -
1916 -8.14% -
1915 -6.17% -
1914 -4.63% -
1913 -0.82% -
1912 1.03% -
1911 0.004% -
1910 -0.18% -
1909 -0.67% -
1908 -2.78% -
1907 -0.83% -
1906 0.22% -
1905 -0.07% -
1904 -0.44% -
1903 0.07% -
1902 0.91% -
1901 -0.34% -
1900 -0.33% -
1899 0.1% -
1898 -0.3% -
1897 -0.35% -
1896 -0.48% -
1895 -0.85% -
1894 -1.06% -
1893 -0.66% -
1892 -0.07% -
1891 3.23% -
1890 -0.04% -
1889 0% -
1888 -0.48% -
1887 -1.18% -
1886 -0.73% -
1885 -4.82% -
1884 -2.43% -
1883 -3.88% -
1882 -0.78% -
1881 0.32% -
1880 -0.62% -
1879 -2.11% -
1878 -0.63% -
1877 -1.63% -
1876 -2.06% -
1875 -1.88% -
1874 -1.57% -
1873 -1.74% -
1872 -3.93% -
1871 -1.09% -
1870 0.13% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1870–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/canada/jordan | CC BY

In 2025, Canada's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $41B, equivalent to 1.77% of GDP. This compares to Jordan's deficit of $3.91B, or 6.35% of GDP.

Over the past 41 years, Canada recorded a fiscal deficit in 28 of those years, while Jordan ran a deficit in 36 years. On average, Canada posted an annual deficit equal to 2.46% of GDP, compared to deficit of 3.91% of GDP for Jordan.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Canada

Jordan
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Canada Jordan
2025 2.07% 1.77%
2024 2.38% 1.56%
2023 3.88% 2.08%
2022 6.8% 4.23%
2021 3.4% 1.35%
2020 0.72% 0.33%
2019 1.95% 0.76%
2018 2.27% 4.46%
2017 1.6% 3.32%
2016 1.43% -0.78%
2015 1.13% -0.88%
2014 1.91% 2.9%
2013 0.94% 4.82%
2012 1.52% 4.52%
2011 2.91% 4.16%
2010 1.78% 4.85%
2009 0.3% -0.74%
2008 2.37% 14%
2007 2.14% 4.74%
2006 2% 6.25%
2005 2.21% 3.49%
2004 1.86% 3.36%
2003 2.76% 1.63%
2002 2.26% 1.83%
2001 2.53% 1.77%
2000 2.72% 0.67%
1999 1.73% 0.61%
1998 1% 3.09%
1997 1.62% 3.04%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/canada/jordan | CC BY

Over the past 29 years, Canada has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 2.14%, compared with 2.87% in Jordan. In 2025, inflation was 2.07% in Canada and 1.77% in Jordan.

Top exports between countries

Canada
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $49.7M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $6.26M
Chemicals & pharma $5.99M
Raw agricultural goods $4.25M
Wood & paper products $3.08M
Animal & marine products $2.1M
Textiles & consumer goods $2M
Precious metals & jewellery $1.06M
Metals $599K
Raw materials & minerals $222K
Jordan
Export category Export value
Textiles & consumer goods $75.1M
Machinery & equipment $10.3M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $7.54M
Raw agricultural goods $4.93M
Metals $3.51M
Raw materials & minerals $1.89M
Precious metals & jewellery $685K
Chemicals & pharma $349K
Miscellaneous $316K
Animal & marine products $232K

Balance of trade

Canada Jordan
Current account balance
-$22B
2025
-$3.13B
2024
Current account balance ranking
184/190
2025
152/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
-0.95%
2025
-5.33%
2024
Goods imports
$577B
2025
$23.9B
2024
Goods exports
$555B
2025
$13.3B
2024
Service imports
$169B
2025
$6.5B
2024
Service exports
$172B
2025
$9.45B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
32.2%
2025
57.1%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
31.3%
2025
42.6%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Canada Jordan
Economic freedom 75.6 59.3
Economic freedom ranking 17/197 104/197
Property rights 85.9 52.3
Government integrity 85.5 51
Judicial effectiveness 96 44
Tax burden 74.7 84.1
Government spending 45.9 67.2
Fiscal health 79.7 5.2
Business freedom 84.2 62.7
Labor freedom 68.3 51.3
Monetary freedom 73.8 81.2
Trade freedom 83.2 82
Investment freedom 60 70
Financial freedom 70 60

Economic freedom comparison by year

Canada
Jordan
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Canada Jordan
2026 75.6 59.3
2025 75.5 59.4
2024 72.4 58.3
2023 73.7 58.8
2022 76.6 60.1
2021 77.9 64.6
2020 78.2 66
2019 77.7 66.5
2018 77.7 64.9
2017 78.5 66.7
2016 78 68.3
2015 79.1 69.3
2014 80.2 69.2
2013 79.4 70.4
2012 79.9 69.9
2011 80.8 68.9
2010 80.4 66.1
2009 80.5 65.4
2008 80.2 64.1
2007 78 64.5
2006 77.4 63.7
2005 75.8 66.7
2004 75.3 66.1
2003 74.8 65.3
2002 74.6 66.2
2001 71.2 68.3
2000 70.5 67.5
1999 69.3 67.4
1998 68.5 66.8
1997 67.9 63.6
1996 70.3 60.8
1995 69.4 62.7

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/canada/jordan | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Canada is 75.6, ranking 17/197, compared to 59.3 for Jordan, ranking 104/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Canada Jordan
Services, % of GDP
64.1%
2022
56.8%
2025
Industry, % of GDP
27.4%
2022
27.4%
2025
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
1.93%
2022
5.56%
2025
GNI, Atlas method
$2.35T
2025
$60.6B
2025
GNI per capita, PPP
$66,820
2025
$12,440
2025
Total reserves including gold
$126B
2025
$26.6B
2025
Total reserves ranking
26/177
2025
61/177
2025
Net foreign direct investment
-$11.9B
2025
-$1.58B
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$63.1B
2024
$1.63B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$89.4B
2024
$54.1M
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI n/a
7.85%
2024
Poverty at national poverty lines
9.4%
2020
14.2%
2020
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
23.2%
2025
23%
2021

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1870–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  6. TradeMap (2024–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  7. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2020, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  8. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  9. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.