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Economy of Belize vs Canada compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank

Belize has a GDP of $3.33B compared to $2.32T for Canada, ranking 170/197 and 10/197 by economy size, respectively.

Belize has $2.26B in government debt (67.9% of GDP), compared to $2.63T (113.5% of GDP) in Canada.

Belize vs Canada GDP by year

Belize
Canada
1x
Year GDP, current $
Belize Canada
2025 $3,326,500,000 $2,319,899,772,426
2024 $3,203,631,800 $2,270,076,189,683
2023 $3,052,362,650 $2,196,593,836,347
2022 $2,846,604,350 $2,200,562,785,046
2021 $2,428,606,250 $2,022,377,950,897
2020 $2,047,284,600 $1,655,686,966,882
2019 $2,381,187,850 $1,743,728,952,157
2018 $2,285,915,050 $1,725,330,736,238
2017 $2,266,028,250 $1,649,269,496,515
2016 $2,239,604,950 $1,527,996,250,641
2015 $2,193,095,150 $1,556,510,380,200
2014 $2,138,242,200 $1,805,751,688,809
2013 $2,035,191,450 $1,846,583,831,414
2012 $1,917,083,500 $1,828,359,477,072
2011 $1,831,576,700 $1,793,335,727,901
2010 $1,748,988,400 $1,617,349,192,091
2009 $1,688,012,750 $1,374,627,766,600
2008 $1,738,453,600 $1,552,993,439,550
2007 $1,706,190,450 $1,468,820,407,783
2006 $1,590,463,100 $1,319,291,255,289
2005 $1,474,298,400 $1,173,118,501,403
2004 $1,400,202,000 $1,026,691,006,918
2003 $1,308,280,250 $895,542,074,085
2002 $1,243,912,050 $760,650,608,552
2001 $1,172,045,150 $738,981,792,355
2000 $1,138,138,100 $744,773,415,932
1999 $999,713,050 $678,414,215,521
1998 $929,047,000 $633,999,325,918
1997 $872,916,050 $654,987,722,086
1996 $850,339,100 $630,607,994,133
1995 $818,590,250 $605,961,090,061
1994 $771,838,000 $579,944,346,807
1993 $752,255,150 $579,053,561,739
1992 $695,741,150 $594,387,358,319
1991 $596,682,100 $612,527,712,316
1990 $546,750,912 $596,075,591,361
1989 $491,100,000 $567,211,993,243
1988 $421,450,000 $509,380,027,627
1987 $371,100,000 $433,134,238,311
1986 $311,500,000 $379,006,836,992
1985 $287,300,000 $366,186,012,450
1984 $290,350,000 $356,718,400,124
1983 $262,150,000 $341,866,277,183
1982 $248,550,000 $314,647,807,409
1981 $260,750,000 $307,246,642,756
1980 $257,400,000 $274,776,566,028
1979 $151,800,000 $243,891,124,296
1978 $136,300,000 $219,369,542,386
1977 $117,650,000 $212,325,176,305
1976 $97,094,227 $207,271,612,576
1975 $118,194,026 $174,419,757,177
1974 $103,160,450 $160,949,188,139
1973 $78,214,768 $131,764,343,566
1972 $65,998,069 $113,463,848,874
1971 $59,074,687 $99,606,454,744
1970 $53,339,893 $88,192,257,632
1969 $47,399,905 $79,405,011,125
1968 $44,999,910 $72,048,833,006
1967 $47,431,256 $65,856,924,424
1966 $44,450,044 $61,252,415,405
1965 $40,110,040 $54,649,410,479
1964 $36,194,586 $49,503,663,836
1963 $33,750,114 $45,140,337,827
1962 $31,857,592 $42,336,211,556
1961 $29,965,000 $41,038,192,838
1960 $28,072,478 $40,563,768,947

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/belize/canada | CC BY

GDP per capita in Belize vs Canada by year

Belize
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Canada
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Belize Canada
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2025 $7,865 - $55,698 -
2024 $7,681 $14,347 $55,016 $64,610
2023 $7,425 $13,730 $54,848 $64,219
2022 $7,068 $13,461 $56,497 $63,944
2021 $6,143 $11,716 $52,887 $56,995
2020 $5,239 $9,639 $43,538 $48,591
2019 $6,172 $10,500 $46,353 $50,499
2018 $6,012 $9,497 $46,539 $49,983
2017 $6,072 $9,121 $45,130 $48,317
2016 $6,141 $9,399 $42,314 $46,471
2015 $6,155 $9,538 $43,594 $44,668
2014 $6,128 $9,490 $50,961 $45,758
2013 $5,957 $9,526 $52,638 $44,301
2012 $5,733 $9,303 $52,670 $42,292
2011 $5,596 $9,722 $52,224 $41,667
2010 $5,461 $9,748 $47,561 $40,103
2009 $5,400 $9,728 $40,875 $38,863
2008 $5,712 $9,975 $46,710 $40,376
2007 $5,762 $10,226 $44,660 $39,573
2006 $5,525 $9,910 $40,505 $38,123
2005 $5,270 $9,466 $36,384 $36,328
2004 $5,154 $9,245 $32,146 $33,929
2003 $4,960 $8,850 $28,302 $32,350
2002 $4,859 $8,154 $24,256 $30,964
2001 $4,719 $7,852 $23,822 $30,241
2000 $4,727 $7,544 $24,271 $29,348
1999 $4,290 $6,790 $22,315 $27,841
1998 $4,126 $6,333 $21,025 $26,324
1997 $4,014 $6,243 $21,902 $25,264
1996 $4,043 $6,087 $21,297 $24,055
1995 $4,010 $6,091 $20,680 $23,474
1994 $3,877 $6,073 $19,998 $22,624
1993 $3,860 $6,075 $20,187 $21,432
1992 $3,643 $5,706 $20,950 $20,619
1991 $3,190 $5,053 $21,847 $20,220
1990 $2,986 $4,467 $21,526 $20,226
1989 $2,742 - $20,795 -
1988 $2,406 - $19,013 -
1987 $2,166 - $16,378 -
1986 $1,859 - $14,521 -
1985 $1,754 - $14,170 -
1984 $1,814 - $13,930 -
1983 $1,677 - $13,477 -
1982 $1,629 - $12,527 -
1981 $1,753 - $12,379 -
1980 $1,774 - $11,208 -
1979 $1,071 - $10,078 -
1978 $983 - $9,154 -
1977 $866 - $8,949 -
1976 $729 - $8,839 -
1975 $906 - $7,537 -
1974 $805 - $7,057 -
1973 $619 - $5,858 -
1972 $529 - $5,107 -
1971 $481 - $4,535 -
1970 $442 - $4,136 -
1969 $402 - $3,776 -
1968 $392 - $3,473 -
1967 $426 - $3,226 -
1966 $412 - $3,055 -
1965 $383 - $2,777 -
1964 $356 - $2,562 -
1963 $342 - $2,380 -
1962 $332 - $2,274 -
1961 $320 - $2,246 -
1960 $307 - $2,265 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/belize/canada | CC BY

Belize's GDP per capita is $7,865, ranking 99/197, compared to $55,698 in Canada, ranking 23/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Belize ranks 117th at $14,347, while Canada ranks 28th at $64,610.

Economic indicators

Belize Canada
Gross domestic product
$3.33B
2025
$2.32T
2025
GDP rank
170/197
2025
10/197
2025
GDP growth
2.75%
2024-2025
1.74%
2024-2025
GDP per capita
$7,865
2025
$55,698
2025
GDP per capita rank
99/197
2025
23/197
2025
GDP per capita, PPP
$14,347
2024
$64,610
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
117/197
2024
28/197
2024
Government debt
$2.26B
2025
$2.63T
2025
Debt-to-GDP ratio
67.9%
2025
113.5%
2025
Government debt per person
$5,339
2025
$63,220
2025
Government debt per person rank
81/185
2025
5/185
2025
Average annual personal income after taxes
$5,278
2026
$36,531
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies n/a
$4.62T
2025
Number of millionaires n/a
2,098,000
2026
Number of billionaires
1
2026
82
2026
Income share by richest 10%
30%
2018
24.6%
2022
Income share by poorest 10%
2.2%
2018
2.9%
2022
Government expenditure, % of GDP
25.9%
2025
44%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
1.1%
2024-2025
2.07%
2024-2025
Central bank interest rate n/a
2.25%
2025
Unemployment rate
29.3%
2020
6.82%
2025
Population
431659
42199836

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Belize
Spending

Debt
Canada
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Belize Canada
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2025 25.9% 67.9% 44% 113.5%
2024 26.8% 65.4% 44.3% 110%
2023 25.8% 67.5% 41.8% 105.1%
2022 23.4% 66.8% 40.4% 103.5%
2021 25.7% 82.2% 45.5% 112.6%
2020 33.2% 103% 52.4% 118.1%
2019 27.5% 78.6% 40.6% 90.1%
2018 26.9% 79% 40.7% 90.8%
2017 27.7% 78.1% 40.5% 91%
2016 27.7% 70.5% 40.8% 92.5%
2015 27.9% 65.1% 40% 92.3%
2014 24.8% 61.5% 38.4% 85.8%
2013 23.8% 62.8% 40% 87.7%
2012 22.1% 63.1% 40.9% 87%
2011 23.5% 66.2% 41.6% 84.3%
2010 23.3% 68.4% 43.1% 84%
2009 23.2% 69.7% 43.4% 81.8%
2008 21.8% 64.7% 38.8% 70.4%
2007 22.1% 66.4% 38.5% 67.2%
2006 21.2% 71.4% 38.7% 69.9%
2005 21.4% 72.7% 38.5% 70.6%
2004 21.7% 70.7% 39.1% 71.9%
2003 24.6% 67.2% 40.3% 75.9%
2002 24.4% 53.2% 40.4% 79.6%
2001 25.9% 49.5% 41.1% 81.5%
2000 23.2% 79% 40.6% 80.4%
1999 23.6% 41.5% 41.8% 89%
1998 20.9% 38.7% 43.4% 93.3%
1997 19.9% 39.4% 43.5% 95.3%
1996 19.9% 38.4% 45.9% 100.2%
1995 - - 47.7% 100.1%
1994 - - 49% 97.5%
1993 - - 51.5% 94.7%
1992 - - 52.5% 88.2%
1991 - - 51.4% 81.7%
1990 - - 48.1% 73.7%
1989 - - 45.8% 72.2%
1988 - - 45.4% 71.1%
1987 - - 46.1% 71.4%
1986 - - 47.6% 71%
1985 - - 48.3% 66.9%
1984 - - 47.5% 61.7%
1983 - - 47.9% 58.4%
1982 - - 47.3% 52.7%
1981 - - 42.5% 46.9%
1980 - - 41.6% 45.6%
1979 - - 40% 45.3%
1978 - - 41.6% 48%
1977 - - 41.4% 45.1%
1976 - - 40.2% 43.6%
1975 - - 41.1% 45.2%
1974 - - 37.6% 45.8%
1973 - - 36% 48%
1972 - - 37.5% 53.5%
1971 - - 37.3% 55.3%
1970 - - 36% 54.3%
1969 - - 33.9% 53%
1968 - - 33.8% 55.9%
1967 - - 32.9% 56.9%
1966 - - 30.8% 56.6%
1965 - - 29.8% 60.1%
1964 - - 29.7% 63.7%
1963 - - 30.3% 67%
1962 - - 30.6% 67.2%
1961 - - 30.6% 68.2%
1960 - - 14.9% 66.1%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–2000, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/belize/canada | CC BY

In 2025, Belize's government spending was $861M, accounting for 25.9% of its GDP, while Canada spent $1.02T, or 44% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 67.9% in Belize and 113.5% in Canada, ranking 61/185 and 14/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Belize

Canada
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Belize Canada
2025 -0.96% -1.77%
2024 -1.52% -2.12%
2023 -2.42% -0.16%
2022 -1.04% 0.62%
2021 -3.29% -3.06%
2020 -8.57% -10.9%
2019 -2.9% -0.02%
2018 -1.37% 0.36%
2017 -3.48% -0.11%
2016 -4.47% -0.45%
2015 -5.14% -0.06%
2014 -1.72% 0.17%
2013 -1.21% -1.49%
2012 -0.22% -2.52%
2011 -1.06% -3.31%
2010 -1.9% -4.74%
2009 -2.46% -3.88%
2008 1.25% 0.18%
2007 -0.19% 1.82%
2006 -2.27% 1.83%
2005 -3.7% 1.55%
2004 -4.52% 0.77%
2003 -8.41% -0.13%
2002 -5.41% -0.23%
2001 -7.23% 0.53%
2000 -6.68% 2.64%
1999 -6.51% 1.66%
1998 -2.69% 0.14%
1997 -1.81% 0.04%
1996 -1.76% -3.05%
1995 - -5.49%
1994 - -6.94%
1993 - -8.93%
1992 - -9.2%
1991 - -8.36%
1990 - -5.91%
1989 - -4.6%
1988 - -4.33%
1987 - -5.42%
1986 - -7.14%
1985 - -8.59%
1984 - -7.78%
1983 - -8.17%
1982 - -7.03%
1981 - -2.83%
1980 - -4.07%
1979 - -3.41%
1978 - -4.77%
1977 - -4.1%
1976 - -2.78%
1975 - -3.54%
1974 - 1.1%
1973 - 0.6%
1972 - -0.97%
1971 - -1.02%
1970 - -0.36%
1969 - 1.2%
1968 - -0.45%
1967 - -0.82%
1966 - -0.07%
1965 - -0.25%
1964 - -0.68%
1963 - -2.31%
1962 - -2.6%
1961 - -2.75%
1960 - -0.85%
1959 - -1.08%
1958 - -1.69%
1957 - -0.11%
1956 - 0.77%
1955 - -0.11%
1954 - -0.57%
1953 - 0.3%
1952 - 0.09%
1951 - 1.1%
1950 - 1.09%
1949 - 0.78%
1948 - 3.84%
1947 - 5.02%
1946 - 3.14%
1945 - -17.9%
1944 - -21.6%
1943 - -23.1%
1942 - -20.8%
1941 - -4.79%
1940 - -5.62%
1939 - -2.11%
1938 - -0.97%
1937 - -0.34%
1936 - -1.68%
1935 - -3.72%
1934 - -2.93%
1933 - -3.83%
1932 - -5.79%
1931 - -2.43%
1930 - -1.47%
1929 - 0.78%
1928 - 1.12%
1927 - 0.92%
1926 - 0.81%
1925 - 0.55%
1924 - 0.007%
1923 - 0.79%
1922 - -0.75%
1921 - -2%
1920 - -1.82%
1919 - -8.94%
1918 - -8.98%
1917 - -7.83%
1916 - -8.14%
1915 - -6.17%
1914 - -4.63%
1913 - -0.82%
1912 - 1.03%
1911 - 0.004%
1910 - -0.18%
1909 - -0.67%
1908 - -2.78%
1907 - -0.83%
1906 - 0.22%
1905 - -0.07%
1904 - -0.44%
1903 - 0.07%
1902 - 0.91%
1901 - -0.34%
1900 - -0.33%
1899 - 0.1%
1898 - -0.3%
1897 - -0.35%
1896 - -0.48%
1895 - -0.85%
1894 - -1.06%
1893 - -0.66%
1892 - -0.07%
1891 - 3.23%
1890 - -0.04%
1889 - 0%
1888 - -0.48%
1887 - -1.18%
1886 - -0.73%
1885 - -4.82%
1884 - -2.43%
1883 - -3.88%
1882 - -0.78%
1881 - 0.32%
1880 - -0.62%
1879 - -2.11%
1878 - -0.63%
1877 - -1.63%
1876 - -2.06%
1875 - -1.88%
1874 - -1.57%
1873 - -1.74%
1872 - -3.93%
1871 - -1.09%
1870 - 0.13%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1870–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/belize/canada | CC BY

In 2025, Belize's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $31.9M, equivalent to 0.96% of GDP. This compares to Canada's deficit of $41B, or 1.77% of GDP.

Over the past 30 years, Belize recorded a fiscal deficit in 29 of those years, while Canada ran a deficit in 17 years. On average, Belize posted an annual deficit equal to 3.12% of GDP, compared to deficit of 0.86% of GDP for Canada.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Belize

Canada
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Belize Canada
2025 1.1% 2.07%
2024 3.3% 2.38%
2023 4.4% 3.88%
2022 6.3% 6.8%
2021 3.2% 3.4%
2020 0.1% 0.72%
2019 0.2% 1.95%
2018 0.3% 2.27%
2017 1.1% 1.6%
2016 0.7% 1.43%
2015 -0.9% 1.13%
2014 1.2% 1.91%
2013 0.5% 0.94%
2012 1.2% 1.52%
2011 1.7% 2.91%
2010 0.9% 1.78%
2009 -1.1% 0.3%
2008 6.4% 2.37%
2007 2.3% 2.14%
2006 4.2% 2%
2005 3.7% 2.21%
2004 3.1% 1.86%
2003 2.6% 2.76%
2002 2.2% 2.26%
2001 1.1% 2.53%
2000 0.6% 2.72%
1999 -1.2% 1.73%
1998 -0.8% 1%
1997 1% 1.62%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | World Economic Outlook (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/belize/canada | CC BY

Over the past 29 years, Belize has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 1.7%, compared with 2.14% in Canada. In 2025, inflation was 1.1% in Belize and 2.07% in Canada.

Top exports between countries

Belize
Export category Export value
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $536K
Raw agricultural goods $79K
Machinery & equipment $63K
Chemicals & pharma $39K
Miscellaneous $25K
Animal & marine products $6K
Precious metals & jewellery $1K
Canada
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $5.75M
Raw agricultural goods $1.22M
Raw materials & minerals $1.19M
Chemicals & pharma $519K
Animal & marine products $385K
Textiles & consumer goods $297K
Metals $283K
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $260K
Miscellaneous $247K
Wood & paper products $121K

Balance of trade

Belize Canada
Current account balance
-$92.3M
2025
-$22B
2025
Current account balance ranking
80/190
2025
184/190
2025
Current account balance, % of GDP
-2.77%
2025
-0.95%
2025
Goods imports
$1.38B
2025
$577B
2025
Goods exports
$443M
2025
$555B
2025
Service imports
$352M
2025
$169B
2025
Service exports
$1.21B
2025
$172B
2025
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
53.7%
2024
32.2%
2025
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
55.2%
2024
31.3%
2025

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Belize Canada
Economic freedom 64.7 75.6
Economic freedom ranking 71/197 17/197
Property rights 46.3 85.9
Government integrity 46.2 85.5
Judicial effectiveness 73.9 96
Tax burden 81.8 74.7
Government spending 81 45.9
Fiscal health 87.5 79.7
Business freedom 67.2 84.2
Labor freedom 57.6 68.3
Monetary freedom 72.6 73.8
Trade freedom 57.8 83.2
Investment freedom 55 60
Financial freedom 50 70

Economic freedom comparison by year

Belize
Canada
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Belize Canada
2026 64.7 75.6
2025 64.2 75.5
2024 61.2 72.4
2023 59.8 73.7
2022 56.6 76.6
2021 57.5 77.9
2020 57.4 78.2
2019 55.4 77.7
2018 57.1 77.7
2017 58.6 78.5
2016 57.4 78
2015 56.8 79.1
2014 56.7 80.2
2013 57.3 79.4
2012 61.9 79.9
2011 63.8 80.8
2010 61.5 80.4
2009 63 80.5
2008 63 80.2
2007 63.3 78
2006 64.7 77.4
2005 64.5 75.8
2004 62.8 75.3
2003 63.5 74.8
2002 65.6 74.6
2001 65.9 71.2
2000 63.3 70.5
1999 60.7 69.3
1998 59.1 68.5
1997 64.3 67.9
1996 61.6 70.3
1995 62.9 69.4

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/belize/canada | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Belize is 64.7, ranking 71/197, compared to 75.6 for Canada, ranking 17/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Belize Canada
Services, % of GDP
62.4%
2024
64.1%
2022
Industry, % of GDP
14.6%
2024
27.4%
2022
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
7.95%
2024
1.93%
2022
GNI, Atlas method
$3.19B
2025
$2.35T
2025
GNI per capita, PPP
$14,230
2025
$66,820
2025
Total reserves including gold
$559M
2025
$126B
2025
Total reserves ranking
156/177
2025
26/177
2025
Net foreign direct investment
$1.15M
2025
-$11.9B
2025
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$128M
2024
$63.1B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$2.61M
2024
$89.4B
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
4.15%
2024
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
52%
2018
9.4%
2020
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
19.8%
2024
23.2%
2025

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1870–2000, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  6. TradeMap (2022–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  9. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2020, retrieved 2026-07-08)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.