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Economy of Jordan vs Namibia compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Jordan has a GDP of $53.4B compared to $13.4B for Namibia, ranking 91/197 and 147/197 by economy size, respectively.

Jordan has $51.2B in government debt (92.6% of GDP), compared to $9.05B (63.9% of GDP) in Namibia.

The chart below compares the two countries' GDP growth in both current (nominal) and constant dollars, accounting for inflation over time.

Jordan
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Namibia
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Year GDP
Jordan Namibia
Current $ Constant $ Current $ Constant $
1965 $599,759,760 - - -
1966 $657,999,737 - - -
1967 $631,679,747 - - -
1968 $561,119,776 - - -
1969 $698,879,720 - - -
1970 $639,519,744 - - -
1971 $678,159,729 - - -
1972 $788,479,685 - - -
1973 $943,783,840 - - -
1974 $1,197,483,949 - - -
1975 $1,363,073,498 - - -
1976 $1,708,521,219 $5,730,509,541 - -
1977 $2,096,778,602 $6,206,050,653 - -
1978 $2,602,208,589 $7,117,071,955 - -
1979 $3,271,368,781 $8,597,629,976 - -
1980 $3,910,044,474 $9,559,261,689 $2,421,990,338 $3,477,739,161
1981 $4,383,944,703 $11,201,420,243 $2,249,908,578 $3,511,523,641
1982 $4,681,240,993 $11,988,425,688 $2,118,710,248 $3,497,544,590
1983 $4,920,692,191 $11,722,313,981 $2,297,400,688 $3,433,768,600
1984 $4,967,162,160 $12,225,399,096 $1,951,260,038 $3,425,634,294
1985 $4,993,601,520 $11,894,464,002 $1,608,237,350 $3,441,535,104
1986 $6,402,050,485 $12,549,210,740 $1,809,048,527 $3,605,602,363
1987 $6,756,209,762 $12,840,763,338 $2,300,068,217 $3,733,737,147
1988 $6,277,451,829 $13,028,517,104 $2,495,094,746 $3,764,097,991
1989 $4,221,373,674 $11,630,658,935 $2,535,135,798 $3,834,060,338
1990 $4,160,087,508 $11,598,569,492 $2,789,921,854 $3,912,561,187
1991 $4,344,467,193 $11,785,136,086 $2,996,869,281 $4,232,045,773
1992 $5,310,833,194 $13,476,276,723 $3,429,521,699 $4,536,302,039
1993 $5,606,400,222 $14,080,955,882 $3,251,188,833 $4,464,649,372
1994 $6,236,295,978 $14,780,987,323 $3,666,503,530 $4,541,882,426
1995 $6,727,597,032 $15,697,537,789 $3,978,514,206 $4,718,971,067
1996 $6,927,503,526 $16,025,148,664 $3,989,163,197 $4,869,568,738
1997 $7,245,839,210 $16,555,336,763 $4,154,989,950 $5,075,069,423
1998 $7,912,270,804 $17,054,012,096 $3,873,109,866 $5,242,119,678
1999 $8,149,929,478 $17,632,063,087 $3,868,551,730 $5,418,741,286
2000 $8,460,789,845 $18,380,669,692 $3,922,232,165 $5,607,973,667
2001 $8,975,814,653 $19,349,323,187 $3,557,341,215 $5,674,032,720
2002 $9,582,510,578 $20,468,450,875 $3,349,169,826 $5,945,742,924
2003 $10,195,627,645 $21,320,279,754 $4,926,439,384 $6,197,830,194
2004 $11,411,706,629 $23,146,833,798 $6,609,205,995 $6,958,275,951
2005 $12,588,998,590 $25,032,512,559 $7,248,374,838 $7,134,269,026
2006 $15,056,981,664 $27,058,387,611 $8,001,779,551 $7,638,888,382
2007 $17,110,437,236 $29,270,727,369 $8,839,536,476 $8,049,405,616
2008 $22,658,715,989 $31,384,186,979 $8,607,431,497 $8,262,699,735
2009 $24,537,876,056 $32,960,837,542 $8,938,847,189 $8,287,154,923
2010 $27,133,804,225 $33,723,826,288 $11,431,412,421 $8,787,636,884
2011 $29,524,149,155 $34,646,908,078 $12,523,359,441 $9,235,045,192
2012 $31,634,561,690 $35,488,605,512 $13,042,053,592 $9,702,493,818
2013 $34,454,440,141 $36,414,839,440 $12,043,307,277 $10,247,261,643
2014 $36,847,643,521 $37,647,146,046 $12,435,430,970 $10,871,578,022
2015 $38,587,017,887 $38,587,017,887 $11,335,161,084 $11,335,161,084
2016 $39,892,551,127 $39,356,512,808 $10,722,018,732 $11,338,991,739
2017 $41,608,435,915 $40,330,034,783 $12,895,153,371 $11,222,512,163
2018 $43,370,860,704 $41,103,996,750 $13,682,019,076 $11,341,464,002
2019 $44,503,006,338 $41,823,826,702 $12,541,928,303 $11,246,291,862
2020 $43,700,383,099 $41,362,613,666 $10,583,748,542 $10,335,184,546
2021 $46,296,100,141 $42,874,683,401 $12,402,486,184 $10,707,646,944
2022 $48,764,963,380 $44,009,762,840 $12,569,449,123 $11,285,723,331
2023 $51,088,476,338 $45,279,041,101 $12,408,271,448 $11,787,126,129
2024 $53,352,289,577 $46,405,988,481 $13,372,354,269 $12,224,610,616

Economic indicators

Jordan Namibia
Gross domestic product
$53.4B
2024
$13.4B
2024
GDP rank
91/197
2024
147/197
2024
GDP growth
4.43%
2023-2024
7.77%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$4,618
2024
$4,413
2024
GDP per capita rank
124/197
2024
126/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$10,821
2024
$11,687
2024
Government debt
$51.2B
2024
$9.05B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
92.6%
2025
63.9%
2025
Government debt per person
$4,429
2024
$2,988
2024
Government debt per person rank
88/185
2024
100/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$5,420
2025
$7,325
2025
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$24.9B
2024
$2.48B
2024
Income share by richest 10%
27.4%
2010
47.2%
2015
Income share by poorest 10%
3.5%
2010
1%
2015
Government expenditure, % of GDP
31.3%
2025
39.3%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
1.56%
2023-2024
3.7%
2024-2025
Central bank interest rate
6.25%
2025
6.75%
2025
Unemployment rate
16.6%
2023
19.9%
2018
Population
11575983
3141364

GDP per capita in Jordan vs Namibia

Jordan's GDP per capita is $4,618, ranking 124/197, compared to $4,413 in Namibia, ranking 126/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Jordan ranks 131st at $10,821, while Namibia ranks 126th at $11,687.

Jordan
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Namibia
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Year Current $
Jordan Namibia
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
1965 $546 - - -
1966 $558 - - -
1967 $497 - - -
1968 $409 - - -
1969 $474 - - -
1970 $409 - - -
1971 $412 - - -
1972 $460 - - -
1973 $531 - - -
1974 $651 - - -
1975 $718 - - -
1976 $873 - - -
1977 $1,039 - - -
1978 $1,249 - - -
1979 $1,519 - - -
1980 $1,750 - $2,468 -
1981 $1,885 - $2,267 -
1982 $1,929 - $2,097 -
1983 $1,939 - $2,214 -
1984 $1,871 - $1,830 -
1985 $1,797 - $1,466 -
1986 $2,200 - $1,599 -
1987 $2,217 - $1,969 -
1988 $1,966 - $2,063 -
1989 $1,260 - $1,967 -
1990 $1,149 $4,317 $2,037 $3,875
1991 $1,110 $4,195 $2,117 $4,192
1992 $1,287 $4,654 $2,347 $4,452
1993 $1,289 $4,726 $2,155 $4,345
1994 $1,367 $4,830 $2,356 $4,376
1995 $1,416 $5,027 $2,483 $4,509
1996 $1,410 $5,055 $2,423 $4,612
1997 $1,436 $5,171 $2,460 $4,764
1998 $1,532 $5,264 $2,235 $4,852
1999 $1,545 $5,402 $2,178 $4,961
2000 $1,571 $5,641 $2,157 $5,129
2001 $1,632 $5,948 $1,916 $5,196
2002 $1,706 $6,256 $1,772 $5,433
2003 $1,776 $6,500 $2,569 $5,693
2004 $1,940 $7,074 $3,403 $6,480
2005 $2,088 $7,697 $3,686 $6,767
2006 $2,343 $8,046 $4,017 $7,374
2007 $2,506 $8,416 $4,379 $7,875
2008 $3,242 $8,983 $4,205 $8,125
2009 $3,436 $9,291 $4,303 $8,079
2010 $3,718 $9,417 $5,418 $8,538
2011 $3,947 $9,632 $5,835 $9,002
2012 $4,170 $9,739 $5,943 $9,364
2013 $4,311 $9,817 $5,347 $9,699
2014 $4,191 $9,145 $5,378 $10,365
2015 $4,043 $8,967 $4,774 $10,466
2016 $3,987 $8,748 $4,396 $10,200
2017 $4,066 $9,266 $5,144 $9,888
2018 $4,145 $9,042 $5,309 $9,854
2019 $4,170 $9,429 $4,732 $9,609
2020 $4,022 $9,579 $3,879 $9,354
2021 $4,183 $9,182 $4,413 $9,709
2022 $4,332 $9,927 $4,350 $10,663
2023 $4,466 $10,412 $4,188 $11,251
2024 $4,618 $10,821 $4,413 $11,687

Spending and national debt comparison

In 2024, Jordan's government spending was $17.8B, accounting for 31.3% of its GDP, while Namibia's spent $5.34B, or 39.3% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 92.6% in Jordan and 63.9% in Namibia, ranking 29/185 and 70/185, respectively.

Jordan
Government spending

Government debt
Namibia
Government spending

Government debt
Year % of GDP
Jordan Namibia
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
1985 42.4% 85.2% - -
1986 33.8% 84.3% - -
1987 42.1% 101.9% - -
1988 44.3% 129.3% - -
1989 42.5% 195.4% - -
1990 44% 227.5% 30.2% 12.9%
1991 44.9% 207.7% 33% 11.8%
1992 35.5% 155.1% 32.8% 14.1%
1993 36.4% 140.6% 32.4% 17.2%
1994 34.3% 129% 28.7% 16.4%
1995 35.5% 117.8% 29.6% 18%
1996 36.2% 116.5% 30.4% 18.7%
1997 33.9% 109% 30.9% 17.7%
1998 34.9% 110.8% 31.3% 19.6%
1999 32.7% 109% 31.8% 21.8%
2000 33.1% 99.3% 30.1% 20.9%
2001 32.1% 94.4% 30.7% 24.4%
2002 32.9% 94.9% 29.8% 22.2%
2003 36% 88.8% 31.1% 27.1%
2004 36.6% 81.5% 28.4% 29.2%
2005 37.3% 73% 27.7% 26.9%
2006 34.7% 66.3% 27.4% 26.1%
2007 35.8% 64.3% 26.1% 19.4%
2008 34% 54.2% 28.4% 19.1%
2009 34.5% 58% 32% 15.9%
2010 32% 59.4% 33.5% 16.3%
2011 35.6% 62.1% 38.5% 27.4%
2012 36.8% 70.5% 35% 24.6%
2013 33.6% 75.6% 38.3% 26.1%
2014 35.6% 75% 41.8% 27.6%
2015 32.7% 78.4% 43.7% 42.1%
2016 28.4% 77.4% 41.8% 45.8%
2017 28.7% 75.7% 38.1% 43.8%
2018 30.1% 74.3% 36.3% 48.7%
2019 30.1% 78% 37.4% 57.6%
2020 31.7% 87.9% 41.5% 64.3%
2021 32.2% 98.2% 39.3% 69.6%
2022 32.6% 97.9% 36.6% 69.4%
2023 32.8% 97% 37% 67.2%
2024 33.3% 95.9% 39.9% 67.7%
2025 31.3% 92.6% 39.3% 63.9%

Government deficit by year

In 2024, Jordan's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was -$4.41B, equivalent to -8.26% of GDP. This compares to Namibia's deficit of -$480M, or -3.59% of GDP.

Over the past 35 years, Jordan recorded a fiscal deficit in 34 of those years, while Namibia ran a deficit in 31 years. On average, Jordan posted an annual deficit equal to -5.57% of GDP, compared to deficit of -3.06% of GDP for Namibia.

Deficit/surplus
Jordan

Namibia
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Jordan Namibia
1985 -6.9% -
1986 -2.39% -
1987 -13.4% -
1988 -13% -
1989 -6.89% -
1990 -7.45% 1.08%
1991 -10.2% -1.59%
1992 1.87% -2.55%
1993 -2.14% -2.73%
1994 -2.3% -0.57%
1995 -1.72% -1.74%
1996 -3.25% -3.7%
1997 -2.97% -2.38%
1998 -5.4% -2.76%
1999 -2.69% -1.88%
2000 -3.99% -0.79%
2001 -2.77% -2.01%
2002 -4.44% -1.38%
2003 -2.52% -4.47%
2004 -1.09% -2.67%
2005 -5.36% -0.31%
2006 -3.82% 3.41%
2007 -5.03% 6.01%
2008 -4.8% 3.48%
2009 -8.84% -0.4%
2010 -7.81% -4.98%
2011 -9.82% -7.09%
2012 -14.3% -3.1%
2013 -10.1% -4.69%
2014 -8.48% -6.44%
2015 -8.39% -8.3%
2016 -3.66% -9.3%
2017 -3.57% -4.99%
2018 -4.61% -5.09%
2019 -5.83% -5.49%
2020 -9.07% -8.07%
2021 -7.46% -8.68%
2022 -6.95% -6.33%
2023 -7.64% -3.14%
2024 -8.26% -3.59%
2025 -5.32% -5.24%

Inflation comparison by year

Over the past 29 years, Jordan has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 3.03%, compared with 6.38% in Namibia. In 2024, inflation was 1.56% in Jordan and 3.7% in Namibia.

Inflation
Jordan

Namibia
Year Inflation
Jordan Namibia Jordan Namibia
1996 6.5% 8.7%
1997 3.04% 9.7%
1998 3.09% 6.6%
1999 0.61% 9.4%
2000 0.67% 10.2%
2001 1.77% 10.2%
2002 1.83% 12.7%
2003 1.63% 7.2%
2004 3.36% 4.1%
2005 3.49% 2.3%
2006 6.25% 5%
2007 4.74% 6.5%
2008 14% 9.1%
2009 -0.74% 9.5%
2010 4.85% 4.9%
2011 4.16% 5%
2012 4.52% 6.7%
2013 4.82% 5.6%
2014 2.9% 5.3%
2015 -0.88% 3.4%
2016 -0.78% 6.7%
2017 3.32% 6.1%
2018 4.46% 4.3%
2019 0.76% 3.7%
2020 0.33% 2.2%
2021 1.35% 3.6%
2022 4.23% 6.1%
2023 2.08% 5.9%
2024 1.56% 4.2%
2025 - 3.7%

Top exports between countries

Jordan
Export category Export value
Raw agricultural goods $283K
Namibia
Export category Export value
Raw agricultural goods $132K
Animal & marine products $117K
Wood & paper products $103K
Miscellaneous $1K

Balance of trade

Jordan Namibia
Current account balance
-$3.13B
2024
-$1.92B
2024
Current account balance ranking
156/189
2024
140/189
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
-5.86%
2024
-14.4%
2024
Goods imports
$23.9B
2024
$6.77B
2024
Goods exports
$13.3B
2024
$4.67B
2024
Service imports
$6.5B
2024
$2.47B
2024
Service exports
$9.45B
2024
$1.29B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
57.1%
2024
68%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
42.6%
2024
41.6%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Jordan Namibia
Economic freedom 59.4 58.7
Economic freedom ranking 101/197 104/197
Property rights 54.4 65
Government integrity 48.8 51.2
Judicial effectiveness 43.5 67.3
Tax burden 83.9 69.4
Government spending 68.5 57.9
Fiscal health 2.8 34.2
Business freedom 62.4 61.9
Labor freedom 55.6 62.9
Monetary freedom 79.9 74.9
Trade freedom 82.4 70
Investment freedom 70 50
Financial freedom 60 40

Economic freedom by year comparison

The Economic Freedom Index for Jordan is 59.4, ranking 101/197, compared to 58.7 for Namibia, ranking 104/197. The chart below displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Jordan
Namibia
Year Economic freedom index
Jordan Namibia
1995 62.7 -
1996 60.8 -
1997 63.6 61.6
1998 66.8 66.1
1999 67.4 66.1
2000 67.5 66.7
2001 68.3 64.8
2002 66.2 65.1
2003 65.3 67.3
2004 66.1 62.4
2005 66.7 61.4
2006 63.7 60.7
2007 64.5 63.5
2008 64.1 61.4
2009 65.4 62.4
2010 66.1 62.2
2011 68.9 62.7
2012 69.9 61.9
2013 70.4 60.3
2014 69.2 59.4
2015 69.3 59.6
2016 68.3 61.9
2017 66.7 62.5
2018 64.9 58.5
2019 66.5 58.7
2020 66 60.9
2021 64.6 62.6
2022 60.1 59.2
2023 58.8 57.7
2024 58.3 57.5
2025 59.4 58.7

More economic indicators

Jordan Namibia
Services, % of GDP
60.4%
2024
54.5%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
25.1%
2024
28.9%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
5.07%
2024
7.29%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$51.2B
2024
$12.8B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$10,570
2024
$11,300
2024
Total reserves including gold
$21.9B
2024
$3.36B
2024
Total reserves ranking
60/177
2024
115/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
-$1.58B
2024
-$1.92B
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$1.63B
2024
$1.96B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$54.1M
2024
$46.1M
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
7.66%
2023
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
14.2%
2020
17.4%
2015
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
25.2%
2021
25.6%
2024

GDP per capita map

GDP per capita

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The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.