Fertility & birth rates in Portugal and Rwanda

Fertility rate in Portugal vs Rwanda by year

Chart Table

Portugal

Rwanda

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Portugal	Rwanda
2023	1.44	3.7
2022	1.43	3.78
2021	1.35	3.84
2020	1.42	3.91
2019	1.44	3.99
2018	1.42	4.05
2017	1.38	4.08
2016	1.37	4.11
2015	1.31	4.11
2014	1.24	4.12
2013	1.21	4.14
2012	1.28	4.2
2011	1.35	4.33
2010	1.39	4.52
2009	1.34	4.71
2008	1.39	4.92
2007	1.35	5.14
2006	1.37	5.34
2005	1.41	5.5
2004	1.4	5.64
2003	1.44	5.74
2002	1.46	5.82
2001	1.45	5.89
2000	1.55	5.97
1999	1.5	6.06
1998	1.47	6.17
1997	1.47	6.24
1996	1.44	6.29
1995	1.41	6.35
1994	1.45	6.42
1993	1.52	6.48
1992	1.54	6.54
1991	1.56	6.62
1990	1.56	6.8
1989	1.57	7.03
1988	1.61	7.23
1987	1.62	7.43
1986	1.66	7.61
1985	1.72	7.79
1984	1.9	7.91
1983	1.95	8
1982	2.07	8.06
1981	2.13	8.1
1980	2.25	8.12
1979	2.31	8.13
1978	2.45	8.16
1977	2.69	8.14
1976	2.82	8.12
1975	2.75	8.1
1974	2.7	8.1
1973	2.77	8.09
1972	2.86	8.09
1971	3	8.09
1970	3.01	8.15
1969	3.12	8.18
1968	3.12	8.19
1967	3.16	8.21
1966	3.16	8.23
1965	3.15	8.25
1964	3.21	8.27
1963	3.12	8.27
1962	3.23	8.27
1961	3.21	8.28
1960	3.16	8.28

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Portugal was 1.44 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.7 in Rwanda in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Portugal vs Rwanda population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Portugal

Rwanda

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Portugal	Rwanda
2023	-32,792	312,762
2022	-40,694	312,145
2021	-45,592	309,895
2020	-39,129	312,692
2019	-24,687	313,525
2018	-25,709	312,512
2017	-23,691	310,323
2016	-23,749	305,549
2015	-23,823	299,114
2014	-22,882	292,779
2013	-24,052	286,331
2012	-17,875	282,584
2011	-5,279	282,922
2010	-4,230	286,848
2009	-5,284	287,034
2008	0	287,334
2007	-1,055	285,791
2006	3,156	282,149
2005	2,101	275,121
2004	7,339	265,273
2003	4,184	251,243
2002	8,335	239,036
2001	8,290	230,845
2000	15,435	221,276
1999	8,175	210,518
1998	7,112	197,185
1997	8,087	174,687
1996	4,026	140,455
1995	4,011	121,137
1994	9,991	-719,479
1993	7,972	183,926
1992	13,933	188,025
1991	12,948	196,431
1990	13,976	207,895
1989	22,011	217,632
1988	24,047	223,759
1987	28,084	225,744
1986	31,102	225,526
1985	33,077	223,794
1984	45,983	219,337
1983	47,798	212,750
1982	58,479	205,147
1981	56,152	195,769
1980	63,481	184,988
1979	67,628	174,477
1978	70,731	163,779
1977	84,156	155,011
1976	85,138	147,665
1975	81,841	140,596
1974	74,412	135,743
1973	76,835	131,021
1972	83,715	126,403
1971	82,980	122,567
1970	87,672	119,273
1969	89,329	115,394
1968	100,737	111,422
1967	106,495	108,053
1966	107,171	105,128
1965	115,182	103,422
1964	120,170	102,562
1963	113,783	94,296
1962	123,217	102,548
1961	117,867	102,051
1960	118,693	100,627

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.31% in Portugal and +2.24% in Rwanda.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been -0.29% in Portugal and +2.45% in Rwanda.

Birth rate in Portugal vs Rwanda by year

Chart Table

Portugal

Rwanda

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Portugal	Rwanda
2023	8.1	28.3
2022	8	28.9
2021	7.6	29.4
2020	8.1	30
2019	8.4	30.7
2018	8.4	31.2
2017	8.3	31.7
2016	8.4	32
2015	8.2	32.1
2014	7.9	32.2
2013	7.9	32.4
2012	8.5	32.9
2011	9.2	33.8
2010	9.6	35.1
2009	9.4	36.3
2008	9.9	37.6
2007	9.7	38.8
2006	10	39.9
2005	10.4	40.6
2004	10.4	41.1
2003	10.8	41.4
2002	11	41.8
2001	10.9	42.1
2000	11.7	42.1
1999	11.4	42.1
1998	11.2	42.2
1997	11.2	40.5
1996	11	37.2
1995	10.7	39.5
1994	10.9	48
1993	11.4	41.5
1992	11.5	42.2
1991	11.7	42.8
1990	11.7	44.1
1989	11.8	45.3
1988	12.2	46.6
1987	12.3	47.8
1986	12.6	49
1985	13	50.2
1984	14.3	51.1
1983	14.5	51.8
1982	15.2	52.4
1981	15.4	52.7
1980	16.2	52.7
1979	16.6	52.5
1978	17.5	52.1
1977	19.1	51.6
1976	20	51.1
1975	19.8	50.4
1974	19.6	50
1973	20	49.4
1972	20.2	48.9
1971	21	48.5
1970	20.8	48.2
1969	21.7	47.9
1968	22.1	47.6
1967	22.8	47.4
1966	23.2	47.6
1965	23.4	48
1964	24	48.8
1963	23.5	49.8
1962	24.5	50.9
1961	24.4	52
1960	24.1	52.9

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 8.1 in Portugal and 28.3 in Rwanda, compared with 24.1 and 52.9, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Portugal

Factual

UN forecast

Rwanda

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Portugal	Rwanda
2100	13.8%	18.7%
2099	13.8%	18.9%
2098	13.8%	19%
2097	13.8%	19.1%
2096	13.9%	19.3%
2095	13.9%	19.4%
2094	13.9%	19.6%
2093	14%	19.7%
2092	14%	19.9%
2091	14%	20%
2090	14.1%	20.2%
2089	14.1%	20.4%
2088	14.1%	20.5%
2087	14.1%	20.7%
2086	14.2%	20.9%
2085	14.2%	21.1%
2084	14.2%	21.3%
2083	14.2%	21.5%
2082	14.2%	21.7%
2081	14.2%	21.9%
2080	14.2%	22.1%
2079	14.2%	22.2%
2078	14.2%	22.4%
2077	14.1%	22.6%
2076	14.1%	22.8%
2075	14.1%	23%
2074	14%	23.2%
2073	14%	23.4%
2072	13.9%	23.6%
2071	13.9%	23.8%
2070	13.8%	24%
2069	13.8%	24.2%
2068	13.7%	24.4%
2067	13.7%	24.6%
2066	13.6%	24.9%
2065	13.6%	25.1%
2064	13.5%	25.3%
2063	13.5%	25.6%
2062	13.5%	25.8%
2061	13.5%	26.1%
2060	13.5%	26.4%
2059	13.5%	26.7%
2058	13.5%	27%
2057	13.5%	27.3%
2056	13.5%	27.6%
2055	13.5%	27.9%
2054	13.5%	28.3%
2053	13.5%	28.6%
2052	13.5%	28.9%
2051	13.5%	29.2%
2050	13.5%	29.5%
2049	13.5%	29.8%
2048	13.4%	30.1%
2047	13.4%	30.4%
2046	13.4%	30.7%
2045	13.3%	31%
2044	13.3%	31.2%
2043	13.2%	31.5%
2042	13.1%	31.8%
2041	13.1%	32.1%
2040	13%	32.4%
2039	13%	32.7%
2038	13%	33%
2037	12.9%	33.3%
2036	12.8%	33.6%
2035	12.8%	33.9%
2034	12.7%	34.2%
2033	12.7%	34.6%
2032	12.7%	34.9%
2031	12.7%	35.2%
2030	12.7%	35.6%
2029	12.6%	35.9%
2028	12.6%	36.2%
2027	12.6%	36.5%
2026	12.7%	36.9%
2025	12.8%	37.2%
2024	12.8%	37.4%
2023	12.9%	37.7%
2022	13%	38.2%
2021	13.1%	38.6%
2020	13.3%	39.2%
2019	13.5%	39.7%
2018	13.7%	40.1%
2017	13.9%	40.5%
2016	14.1%	40.9%
2015	14.3%	41.1%
2014	14.6%	41.4%
2013	14.8%	41.7%
2012	14.9%	41.9%
2011	15%	42.2%
2010	15.2%	42.4%
2009	15.4%	42.6%
2008	15.5%	42.8%
2007	15.6%	42.9%
2006	15.8%	42.9%
2005	15.9%	43.1%
2004	16%	43.3%
2003	16.1%	43.7%
2002	16.1%	44.3%
2001	16.2%	45.2%
2000	16.4%	46.4%
1999	16.6%	47.8%
1998	16.8%	49.2%
1997	17.1%	50.5%
1996	17.4%	51.4%
1995	17.8%	52.4%
1994	18.2%	50.1%
1993	18.6%	48.4%
1992	19.1%	48.7%
1991	19.7%	48.9%
1990	20.5%	49%
1989	21.2%	48.9%
1988	21.9%	48.9%
1987	22.5%	48.8%
1986	23.1%	48.6%
1985	23.7%	48.3%
1984	24.1%	48.1%
1983	24.5%	47.7%
1982	25%	47.4%
1981	25.4%	47.1%
1980	25.9%	46.8%
1979	26.4%	46.5%
1978	26.8%	46.4%
1977	27.1%	46.4%
1976	27.2%	46.4%
1975	27.4%	46.6%
1974	27.7%	46.9%
1973	27.9%	47.2%
1972	28.2%	47.5%
1971	28.4%	47.9%
1970	28.7%	48.2%
1969	29.1%	48.7%
1968	29.2%	49.2%
1967	29.2%	49.7%
1966	29.2%	50.2%
1965	29.1%	50.6%
1964	29.1%	50.8%
1963	29.1%	50.6%
1962	29.1%	50.2%
1961	29.1%	49.7%
1960	29.3%	49.2%

Children aged 0-14 make up 12.8% of the population in Portugal and 37.4% in Rwanda in 2024, compared to 20.5% and 49% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Portugal and Rwanda compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Portugal vs Rwanda

Chart Table

Portugal

Rwanda

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Portugal	Rwanda
2023	15	229
2022	16	234
2021	19	254
2020	14	252
2019	15	261
2018	14	269
2017	13	275
2016	12	278
2015	11	292
2014	11	301
2013	10	317
2012	10	331
2011	10	358
2010	10	393
2009	9	418
2008	9	454
2007	8	494
2006	8	494
2005	8	465
2004	8	460
2003	8	551
2002	9	677
2001	9	769
2000	9	885
1999	10	1,073
1998	11	1,268
1997	12	1,318
1996	12	1,295
1995	12	1,505
1994	13	5,721
1993	15	1,619
1992	16	1,530
1991	17	1,386
1990	17	1,309
1989	18	1,238
1988	18	1,188
1987	19	1,145
1986	19	1,126
1985	20	1,116

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 15 deaths per 100,000 live births in Portugal, compared to 229 deaths in Rwanda.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Portugal

Rwanda

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Portugal	Rwanda
2023	0.32%	4%
2022	0.32%	4.08%
2021	0.33%	4.16%
2020	0.34%	4.25%
2019	0.35%	4.34%
2018	0.35%	4.43%
2017	0.36%	4.52%
2016	0.36%	4.63%
2015	0.36%	4.78%
2014	0.36%	4.96%
2013	0.36%	5.17%
2012	0.37%	5.45%
2011	0.37%	5.81%
2010	0.38%	6.33%
2009	0.39%	6.92%
2008	0.4%	7.62%
2007	0.42%	8.45%
2006	0.44%	9.37%
2005	0.47%	10.5%
2004	0.5%	11.8%
2003	0.55%	13.3%
2002	0.61%	14.9%
2001	0.66%	16.7%
2000	0.72%	18.5%
1999	0.77%	20.2%
1998	0.82%	21.5%
1997	0.86%	22.2%
1996	0.92%	22.2%
1995	0.98%	21.8%
1994	1.05%	38.9%
1993	1.14%	19.3%
1992	1.25%	17.5%
1991	1.36%	16%
1990	1.47%	15.1%
1989	1.59%	14.8%
1988	1.7%	14.8%
1987	1.82%	15.2%
1986	1.93%	15.6%
1985	2.04%	16.1%
1984	2.16%	16.6%
1983	2.29%	17.4%
1982	2.43%	18.6%
1981	2.58%	20.1%
1980	2.75%	21.8%
1979	2.97%	23.4%
1978	3.24%	24.6%
1977	3.57%	25.1%
1976	3.94%	25.1%
1975	4.35%	24.6%
1974	4.79%	24%
1973	5.27%	23.4%
1972	5.78%	23%
1971	6.3%	22.6%
1970	6.81%	22.3%
1969	7.22%	22%
1968	7.51%	21.7%
1967	7.76%	21.4%
1966	8.09%	21.2%
1965	8.53%	21.1%
1964	9.1%	21.1%
1963	9.76%	21.3%
1962	10.4%	21.5%
1961	11%	21.9%
1960	11.4%	22.4%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.32% in Portugal and 4% in Rwanda. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.