Fertility & birth rates in Nicaragua and Portugal

Fertility rate in Nicaragua vs Portugal by year

Chart Table

Nicaragua

Portugal

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Nicaragua	Portugal
2023	2.22	1.44
2022	2.24	1.43
2021	2.27	1.35
2020	2.3	1.42
2019	2.32	1.44
2018	2.35	1.42
2017	2.38	1.38
2016	2.41	1.37
2015	2.43	1.31
2014	2.46	1.24
2013	2.49	1.21
2012	2.53	1.28
2011	2.56	1.35
2010	2.6	1.39
2009	2.63	1.34
2008	2.66	1.39
2007	2.7	1.35
2006	2.73	1.37
2005	2.77	1.41
2004	2.78	1.4
2003	2.83	1.44
2002	2.89	1.46
2001	3	1.45
2000	3.12	1.55
1999	3.22	1.5
1998	3.34	1.47
1997	3.47	1.47
1996	3.62	1.44
1995	3.78	1.41
1994	3.94	1.45
1993	4.1	1.52
1992	4.27	1.54
1991	4.43	1.56
1990	4.6	1.56
1989	4.76	1.57
1988	4.93	1.61
1987	5.07	1.62
1986	5.22	1.66
1985	5.36	1.72
1984	5.49	1.9
1983	5.61	1.95
1982	5.74	2.07
1981	5.84	2.13
1980	5.96	2.25
1979	6.07	2.31
1978	6.16	2.45
1977	6.28	2.69
1976	6.37	2.82
1975	6.45	2.75
1974	6.52	2.7
1973	6.59	2.77
1972	6.65	2.86
1971	6.71	3
1970	6.77	3.01
1969	6.83	3.12
1968	6.89	3.12
1967	6.94	3.16
1966	6.99	3.16
1965	7.03	3.15
1964	7.06	3.21
1963	7.08	3.12
1962	7.1	3.23
1961	7.11	3.21
1960	7.16	3.16

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Nicaragua was 2.22 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.44 in Portugal in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Nicaragua vs Portugal population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Nicaragua

Portugal

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Nicaragua	Portugal
2023	100,921	-32,792
2022	100,987	-40,694
2021	89,213	-45,592
2020	90,515	-39,129
2019	102,817	-24,687
2018	104,814	-25,709
2017	105,468	-23,691
2016	106,585	-23,749
2015	107,344	-23,823
2014	108,420	-22,882
2013	109,032	-24,052
2012	110,065	-17,875
2011	110,026	-5,279
2010	110,475	-4,230
2009	110,213	-5,284
2008	110,395	0
2007	110,341	-1,055
2006	110,073	3,156
2005	108,984	2,101
2004	106,904	7,339
2003	106,142	4,184
2002	105,805	8,335
2001	107,109	8,290
2000	109,192	15,435
1999	110,217	8,175
1998	108,862	7,112
1997	114,415	8,087
1996	116,849	4,026
1995	118,325	4,011
1994	119,565	9,991
1993	120,469	7,972
1992	121,204	13,933
1991	121,787	12,948
1990	120,677	13,976
1989	120,128	22,011
1988	117,299	24,047
1987	112,885	28,084
1986	113,054	31,102
1985	110,949	33,077
1984	110,133	45,983
1983	110,618	47,798
1982	112,468	58,479
1981	110,421	56,152
1980	108,604	63,481
1979	96,429	67,628
1978	98,419	70,731
1977	100,498	84,156
1976	98,100	85,138
1975	95,230	81,841
1974	92,505	74,412
1973	89,662	76,835
1972	76,906	83,715
1971	84,139	82,980
1970	81,127	87,672
1969	78,237	89,329
1968	75,458	100,737
1967	72,722	106,495
1966	69,883	107,171
1965	67,056	115,182
1964	64,227	120,170
1963	61,738	113,783
1962	59,547	123,217
1961	57,499	117,867
1960	55,664	118,693

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +1.48% in Nicaragua and -0.31% in Portugal.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +1.58% in Nicaragua and -0.29% in Portugal.

Birth rate in Nicaragua vs Portugal by year

Chart Table

Nicaragua

Portugal

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Nicaragua	Portugal
2023	19.4	8.1
2022	19.7	8
2021	20	7.6
2020	20.5	8.1
2019	20.8	8.4
2018	21.2	8.4
2017	21.6	8.3
2016	22.1	8.4
2015	22.4	8.2
2014	22.8	7.9
2013	23.2	7.9
2012	23.6	8.5
2011	24	9.2
2010	24.3	9.6
2009	24.6	9.4
2008	24.9	9.9
2007	25.2	9.7
2006	25.4	10
2005	25.6	10.4
2004	25.7	10.4
2003	25.9	10.8
2002	26.3	11
2001	27	10.9
2000	27.9	11.7
1999	28.5	11.4
1998	29.2	11.2
1997	30	11.2
1996	31	11
1995	31.9	10.7
1994	32.9	10.9
1993	33.9	11.4
1992	34.9	11.5
1991	35.8	11.7
1990	36.6	11.7
1989	37.5	11.8
1988	38.4	12.2
1987	39.1	12.3
1986	39.8	12.6
1985	40.6	13
1984	41.3	14.3
1983	42.1	14.5
1982	42.8	15.2
1981	43.4	15.4
1980	44.1	16.2
1979	44.6	16.6
1978	44.9	17.5
1977	45.3	19.1
1976	45.6	20
1975	45.9	19.8
1974	46.2	19.6
1973	46.4	20
1972	46.7	20.2
1971	46.8	21
1970	46.8	20.8
1969	47	21.7
1968	47.2	22.1
1967	47.4	22.8
1966	47.6	23.2
1965	47.9	23.4
1964	48.2	24
1963	48.5	23.5
1962	48.9	24.5
1961	49.3	24.4
1960	50	24.1

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 19.4 in Nicaragua and 8.1 in Portugal, compared with 50 and 24.1, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Nicaragua

Factual

UN forecast

Portugal

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Nicaragua	Portugal
2100	14.2%	13.8%
2099	14.3%	13.8%
2098	14.3%	13.8%
2097	14.4%	13.8%
2096	14.4%	13.9%
2095	14.5%	13.9%
2094	14.5%	13.9%
2093	14.6%	14%
2092	14.7%	14%
2091	14.7%	14%
2090	14.8%	14.1%
2089	14.9%	14.1%
2088	14.9%	14.1%
2087	15%	14.1%
2086	15.1%	14.2%
2085	15.2%	14.2%
2084	15.2%	14.2%
2083	15.3%	14.2%
2082	15.4%	14.2%
2081	15.5%	14.2%
2080	15.6%	14.2%
2079	15.7%	14.2%
2078	15.8%	14.2%
2077	15.9%	14.1%
2076	16%	14.1%
2075	16.1%	14.1%
2074	16.2%	14%
2073	16.3%	14%
2072	16.4%	13.9%
2071	16.5%	13.9%
2070	16.7%	13.8%
2069	16.8%	13.8%
2068	16.9%	13.7%
2067	17.1%	13.7%
2066	17.2%	13.6%
2065	17.4%	13.6%
2064	17.6%	13.5%
2063	17.7%	13.5%
2062	17.9%	13.5%
2061	18.1%	13.5%
2060	18.2%	13.5%
2059	18.4%	13.5%
2058	18.6%	13.5%
2057	18.8%	13.5%
2056	19%	13.5%
2055	19.2%	13.5%
2054	19.4%	13.5%
2053	19.7%	13.5%
2052	19.9%	13.5%
2051	20.1%	13.5%
2050	20.3%	13.5%
2049	20.6%	13.5%
2048	20.8%	13.4%
2047	21.1%	13.4%
2046	21.3%	13.4%
2045	21.6%	13.3%
2044	21.8%	13.3%
2043	22.1%	13.2%
2042	22.4%	13.1%
2041	22.7%	13.1%
2040	23%	13%
2039	23.3%	13%
2038	23.6%	13%
2037	23.9%	12.9%
2036	24.2%	12.8%
2035	24.5%	12.8%
2034	24.9%	12.7%
2033	25.2%	12.7%
2032	25.6%	12.7%
2031	26%	12.7%
2030	26.4%	12.7%
2029	26.8%	12.6%
2028	27.2%	12.6%
2027	27.7%	12.6%
2026	28.1%	12.7%
2025	28.5%	12.8%
2024	28.8%	12.8%
2023	29.2%	12.9%
2022	29.6%	13%
2021	30.1%	13.1%
2020	30.4%	13.3%
2019	30.8%	13.5%
2018	31.1%	13.7%
2017	31.5%	13.9%
2016	31.8%	14.1%
2015	32.2%	14.3%
2014	32.6%	14.6%
2013	32.9%	14.8%
2012	33.3%	14.9%
2011	33.8%	15%
2010	34.2%	15.2%
2009	34.7%	15.4%
2008	35.2%	15.5%
2007	35.7%	15.6%
2006	36.2%	15.8%
2005	36.8%	15.9%
2004	37.5%	16%
2003	38.2%	16.1%
2002	38.9%	16.1%
2001	39.6%	16.2%
2000	40.3%	16.4%
1999	41%	16.6%
1998	41.7%	16.8%
1997	42.4%	17.1%
1996	43.1%	17.4%
1995	43.7%	17.8%
1994	44.3%	18.2%
1993	44.8%	18.6%
1992	45.2%	19.1%
1991	45.7%	19.7%
1990	46.1%	20.5%
1989	46.4%	21.2%
1988	46.7%	21.9%
1987	46.9%	22.5%
1986	47%	23.1%
1985	47.1%	23.7%
1984	47.2%	24.1%
1983	47.2%	24.5%
1982	47.3%	25%
1981	47.3%	25.4%
1980	47.3%	25.9%
1979	47.3%	26.4%
1978	47.3%	26.8%
1977	47.2%	27.1%
1976	47.3%	27.2%
1975	47.3%	27.4%
1974	47.3%	27.7%
1973	47.4%	27.9%
1972	47.4%	28.2%
1971	47.5%	28.4%
1970	47.5%	28.7%
1969	47.6%	29.1%
1968	47.7%	29.2%
1967	47.8%	29.2%
1966	47.9%	29.2%
1965	48.1%	29.1%
1964	48.2%	29.1%
1963	48.2%	29.1%
1962	48%	29.1%
1961	47.8%	29.1%
1960	47.6%	29.3%

Children aged 0-14 make up 28.8% of the population in Nicaragua and 12.8% in Portugal in 2024, compared to 46.1% and 20.5% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Nicaragua and Portugal compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Nicaragua vs Portugal

Chart Table

Nicaragua

Portugal

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Nicaragua	Portugal
2023	60	15
2022	61	16
2021	124	19
2020	87	14
2019	69	15
2018	67	14
2017	72	13
2016	77	12
2015	81	11
2014	83	11
2013	86	10
2012	88	10
2011	93	10
2010	96	10
2009	99	9
2008	101	9
2007	106	8
2006	113	8
2005	124	8
2004	140	8
2003	154	8
2002	170	9
2001	194	9
2000	213	9
1999	228	10
1998	239	11
1997	236	12
1996	244	12
1995	251	12
1994	256	13
1993	265	15
1992	272	16
1991	273	17
1990	281	17
1989	286	18
1988	301	18
1987	316	19
1986	313	19
1985	319	20

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 60 deaths per 100,000 live births in Nicaragua, compared to 15 deaths in Portugal.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Nicaragua

Portugal

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Nicaragua	Portugal
2023	1.34%	0.32%
2022	1.39%	0.32%
2021	1.45%	0.33%
2020	1.51%	0.34%
2019	1.57%	0.35%
2018	1.64%	0.35%
2017	1.71%	0.36%
2016	1.78%	0.36%
2015	1.86%	0.36%
2014	1.94%	0.36%
2013	2.03%	0.36%
2012	2.13%	0.37%
2011	2.22%	0.37%
2010	2.33%	0.38%
2009	2.44%	0.39%
2008	2.55%	0.4%
2007	2.68%	0.42%
2006	2.81%	0.44%
2005	2.95%	0.47%
2004	3.1%	0.5%
2003	3.26%	0.55%
2002	3.43%	0.61%
2001	3.62%	0.66%
2000	3.82%	0.72%
1999	4.04%	0.77%
1998	5.01%	0.82%
1997	4.54%	0.86%
1996	4.81%	0.92%
1995	5.09%	0.98%
1994	5.39%	1.05%
1993	5.69%	1.14%
1992	6%	1.25%
1991	6.31%	1.36%
1990	6.62%	1.47%
1989	6.92%	1.59%
1988	7.22%	1.7%
1987	7.53%	1.82%
1986	7.85%	1.93%
1985	8.21%	2.04%
1984	8.62%	2.16%
1983	9.07%	2.29%
1982	9.58%	2.43%
1981	10.2%	2.58%
1980	10.8%	2.75%
1979	11.5%	2.97%
1978	12.2%	3.24%
1977	12.9%	3.57%
1976	13.7%	3.94%
1975	14.4%	4.35%
1974	15%	4.79%
1973	15.6%	5.27%
1972	18.7%	5.78%
1971	16.6%	6.3%
1970	17.1%	6.81%
1969	17.4%	7.22%
1968	17.8%	7.51%
1967	18.1%	7.76%
1966	18.4%	8.09%
1965	18.7%	8.53%
1964	19%	9.1%
1963	19.2%	9.76%
1962	19.4%	10.4%
1961	19.6%	11%
1960	19.8%	11.4%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 1.34% in Nicaragua and 0.32% in Portugal. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.