Skip to content

Economy of Slovenia vs Togo compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Slovenia has a GDP of $72.5B compared to $9.93B for Togo, ranking 86/197 and 154/197 by economy size, respectively.

Slovenia has $48.6B in government debt (68% of GDP), compared to $7.01B (69.5% of GDP) in Togo.

The chart below compares the two countries' GDP growth in both current (nominal) and constant dollars, accounting for inflation over time.

Slovenia
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Togo
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Year GDP
Slovenia Togo
Current $ Constant $ Current $ Constant $
1960 - - $171,057,069 $751,799,549
1961 - - $178,497,098 $843,288,422
1962 - - $186,745,758 $875,111,200
1963 - - $202,305,865 $918,864,084
1964 - - $234,572,186 $1,050,133,111
1965 - - $264,505,506 $1,212,480,673
1966 - - $305,227,595 $1,326,559,573
1967 - - $327,215,844 $1,399,525,279
1968 - - $341,691,567 $1,469,833,116
1969 - - $378,091,810 $1,629,028,806
1970 - - $358,665,754 $1,670,150,423
1971 - - $404,648,368 $1,670,150,423
1972 - - $474,043,922 $1,797,502,024
1973 - - $574,030,984 $1,866,480,877
1974 - - $791,450,308 $1,956,685,082
1975 - - $871,781,687 $2,004,438,787
1976 - - $874,681,612 $1,963,317,272
1977 - - $1,097,893,826 $2,099,946,197
1978 - - $1,164,025,637 $2,331,894,379
1979 - - $1,259,365,712 $2,211,388,079
1980 - - $1,604,836,916 $2,533,741,149
1981 - - $1,359,026,709 $2,449,742,915
1982 - - $1,160,337,039 $2,361,983,262
1983 - - $1,081,387,265 $2,234,105,305
1984 - - $1,014,170,069 $2,358,222,255
1985 - - $1,076,604,520 $2,489,234,522
1986 - - $1,498,219,579 $2,528,726,335
1987 - - $1,763,978,066 $2,541,626,941
1988 - - $1,947,208,354 $2,710,451,200
1989 - - $1,910,635,575 $2,820,496,107
1990 $19,832,029,087 $27,206,132,648 $2,299,665,506 $2,813,623,795
1991 $14,454,495,059 $24,784,757,479 $2,262,767,860 $2,793,929,343
1992 $14,277,261,541 $23,430,593,235 $2,390,796,916 $2,682,711,766
1993 $14,449,298,372 $24,096,823,248 $1,741,944,426 $2,277,734,226
1994 $16,400,767,070 $25,380,578,071 $1,387,662,121 $2,618,993,805
1995 $21,367,422,159 $26,422,998,604 $1,849,110,468 $2,824,475,668
1996 $21,470,699,363 $27,192,863,782 $2,069,506,014 $3,074,052,315
1997 $20,726,878,752 $28,599,098,755 $2,116,818,623 $3,516,020,423
1998 $22,058,635,314 $29,475,325,366 $2,241,650,112 $3,435,156,293
1999 $22,609,669,084 $31,028,087,571 $2,226,577,204 $3,520,408,334
2000 $20,159,190,702 $32,113,425,072 $2,106,848,752 $3,492,826,653
2001 $20,668,868,707 $33,021,812,644 $2,093,498,674 $3,521,587,941
2002 $23,214,593,516 $34,105,781,288 $2,410,199,032 $3,656,345,820
2003 $29,360,575,032 $35,195,471,632 $2,987,984,051 $3,902,058,527
2004 $34,156,553,313 $36,795,465,565 $3,191,561,509 $3,863,870,433
2005 $35,947,936,824 $38,213,609,800 $3,221,910,408 $3,683,570,671
2006 $39,260,368,837 $40,471,568,430 $3,320,907,722 $3,781,190,160
2007 $47,880,266,543 $43,360,927,308 $3,759,964,943 $3,736,756,623
2008 $55,509,332,322 $44,823,161,262 $4,578,849,658 $3,887,558,865
2009 $49,975,540,955 $41,420,820,596 $4,721,890,900 $4,099,579,483
2010 $47,793,117,241 $41,881,476,947 $4,746,389,532 $4,339,583,325
2011 $51,199,194,599 $42,155,984,116 $5,422,442,166 $4,592,288,208
2012 $46,167,053,954 $40,926,910,456 $5,413,544,658 $4,881,726,147
2013 $47,867,056,859 $40,589,764,219 $6,021,732,977 $5,166,050,855
2014 $49,514,466,380 $41,711,191,731 $6,393,318,262 $5,457,066,909
2015 $42,709,468,275 $42,709,468,275 $5,755,461,035 $5,755,461,035
2016 $44,290,685,824 $44,005,450,730 $6,071,170,959 $5,998,047,710
2017 $48,153,200,135 $46,282,469,721 $6,387,422,518 $6,238,457,455
2018 $53,689,067,640 $48,309,217,703 $7,029,300,383 $6,537,595,250
2019 $53,909,922,736 $50,002,578,163 $6,992,700,101 $6,859,436,221
2020 $53,384,760,135 $47,959,972,370 $7,400,284,168 $6,996,086,824
2021 $61,529,280,461 $51,983,646,951 $8,342,243,646 $7,415,213,718
2022 $59,927,702,746 $53,386,809,690 $8,169,476,149 $7,842,296,104
2023 $69,148,468,417 $54,514,654,619 $9,171,261,838 $8,344,824,334
2024 $72,485,008,929 $55,381,990,841 $9,925,732,120 $8,787,100,467

Economic indicators

Slovenia Togo
Gross domestic product
$72.5B
2024
$9.93B
2024
GDP rank
86/197
2024
154/197
2024
GDP growth
4.83%
2023-2024
8.23%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$34,089
2024
$1,043
2024
GDP per capita rank
33/197
2024
174/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$56,531
2024
$3,239
2024
Government debt
$48.6B
2024
$7.01B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
68%
2025
69.5%
2025
Government debt per person
$22,853
2024
$737
2024
Government debt per person rank
29/185
2024
153/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$21,364
2025
$1,736
2025
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$11.4B
2024
n/a
Income share by richest 10%
20.6%
2023
29.6%
2021
Income share by poorest 10%
4.1%
2023
2.8%
2021
Government expenditure, % of GDP
47.5%
2025
21.6%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
1.97%
2023-2024
2.86%
2023-2024
Unemployment rate
3.7%
2024
1.97%
2022
Population
2124696
9889741

GDP per capita in Slovenia vs Togo

Slovenia's GDP per capita is $34,089, ranking 33/197, compared to $1,043 in Togo, ranking 174/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Slovenia ranks 35th at $56,531, while Togo ranks 176th at $3,239.

Slovenia
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Togo
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Year Current $
Slovenia Togo
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
1960 - - $102.2 -
1961 - - $104.8 -
1962 - - $107.8 -
1963 - - $114.6 -
1964 - - $130.1 -
1965 - - $142.7 -
1966 - - $159.1 -
1967 - - $163.9 -
1968 - - $164.3 -
1969 - - $174.7 -
1970 - - $159.8 -
1971 - - $174.6 -
1972 - - $198.8 -
1973 - - $234.4 -
1974 - - $315 -
1975 - - $339 -
1976 - - $332 -
1977 - - $406 -
1978 - - $421 -
1979 - - $443 -
1980 - - $549 -
1981 - - $451 -
1982 - - $372 -
1983 - - $336 -
1984 - - $304 -
1985 - - $313 -
1986 - - $422 -
1987 - - $482 -
1988 - - $517 -
1989 - - $492 -
1990 $9,925 $13,482 $575 $1,110
1991 $7,229 $12,689 $550 $1,107
1992 $7,151 $12,287 $565 $1,057
1993 $7,255 $12,967 $414 $925
1994 $8,244 $13,966 $329 $1,082
1995 $10,738 $13,628 $419 $1,140
1996 $10,797 $14,279 $452 $1,218
1997 $10,437 $15,253 $448 $1,373
1998 $11,132 $15,992 $461 $1,318
1999 $11,401 $17,007 $445 $1,332
2000 $10,136 $17,888 $410 $1,315
2001 $10,376 $18,765 $397 $1,320
2002 $11,639 $20,004 $445 $1,357
2003 $14,712 $20,918 $538 $1,440
2004 $17,104 $22,591 $560 $1,427
2005 $17,970 $23,682 $551 $1,368
2006 $19,563 $25,577 $553 $1,407
2007 $23,725 $27,469 $608 $1,387
2008 $27,462 $29,461 $719 $1,429
2009 $24,502 $27,214 $721 $1,474
2010 $23,330 $27,582 $705 $1,537
2011 $24,941 $28,716 $784 $1,616
2012 $22,442 $28,787 $762 $1,645
2013 $23,237 $29,634 $827 $1,715
2014 $24,013 $30,572 $856 $1,803
2015 $20,697 $31,345 $751 $1,880
2016 $21,448 $33,575 $773 $1,933
2017 $23,303 $36,180 $793 $1,986
2018 $25,888 $38,620 $851 $2,067
2019 $25,814 $42,373 $826 $2,215
2020 $25,392 $41,767 $854 $2,357
2021 $29,187 $45,914 $940 $2,577
2022 $28,374 $51,079 $899 $2,852
2023 $32,610 $53,952 $986 $3,072
2024 $34,089 $56,531 $1,043 $3,239

Spending and national debt comparison

In 2024, Slovenia's government spending was $33.9B, accounting for 47.5% of its GDP, while Togo's spent $2.35B, or 21.6% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 68% in Slovenia and 69.5% in Togo, ranking 61/185 and 56/185, respectively.

Slovenia
Government spending

Government debt
Togo
Government spending

Government debt
Year % of GDP
Slovenia Togo
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
1989 - - 16.9% 46.3%
1990 - - 16.8% 44.7%
1991 - - 14.6% 46.9%
1992 - - 12.6% 45%
1993 - - 14.8% 58.3%
1994 - - 13.2% 79%
1995 53% 18.2% 12.7% 64.8%
1996 45.2% 21.6% 12.4% 60.4%
1997 45.4% 22.1% 10.6% 54.4%
1998 46.4% 22.8% 12.8% 62.8%
1999 47.2% 23.8% 11.9% 59.9%
2000 47.8% 26.1% 11.9% 66.5%
2001 49.2% 26.3% 10.9% 68.5%
2002 47.8% 27.7% 8.42% 54.8%
2003 47.6% 27% 8.88% 50%
2004 46.9% 27.1% 10.6% 48.7%
2005 46.7% 26.6% 13.3% 63.1%
2006 45.7% 26.2% 14.7% 67.7%
2007 43.5% 22.9% 13.7% 70.5%
2008 45.2% 21.9% 12.4% 67.3%
2009 50% 34.9% 14.3% 57.6%
2010 50.7% 38.6% 15.1% 33.5%
2011 51.4% 46.8% 18.2% 33.8%
2012 50% 54.1% 19.1% 34.3%
2013 57.7% 70.8% 20.5% 41.1%
2014 50.6% 81.1% 21.9% 44.9%
2015 49.5% 83.4% 22.9% 52.4%
2016 46.9% 79.4% 22.9% 59.9%
2017 44.6% 74.9% 16.3% 57.1%
2018 44.1% 71% 18.8% 58%
2019 43.8% 66% 16.6% 54.9%
2020 51.8% 80.2% 23.7% 62.2%
2021 49.9% 74.8% 21.8% 64.9%
2022 47.7% 72.7% 26% 67.4%
2023 46.5% 68.4% 26.6% 68%
2024 46.8% 67% 23.7% 70.6%
2025 47.5% 68% 21.6% 69.5%

Government deficit by year

In 2024, Slovenia's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was -$646M, equivalent to -0.89% of GDP. This compares to Togo's deficit of -$484M, or -4.88% of GDP.

Over the past 30 years, Slovenia recorded a fiscal deficit in 27 of those years, while Togo ran a deficit in 27 years. On average, Slovenia posted an annual deficit equal to -3.23% of GDP, compared to deficit of -3.04% of GDP for Togo.

Deficit/surplus
Slovenia

Togo
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Slovenia Togo
1989 - -2.18%
1990 - -1.65%
1991 - -3.52%
1992 - -2.27%
1993 - -8.46%
1994 - -5.37%
1995 -8.19% -2.97%
1996 -1.16% -3.26%
1997 -2.37% -0.98%
1998 -2.39% -3.25%
1999 -3.04% -1.76%
2000 -3.77% -3.45%
2001 -4.58% -0.72%
2002 -2.47% -0.28%
2003 -2.66% 1.43%
2004 -1.98% 0.61%
2005 -1.38% -1.67%
2006 -1.26% -1.94%
2007 -0.08% -1.83%
2008 -1.44% -0.59%
2009 -5.87% -2.63%
2010 -5.56% -1.66%
2011 -6.69% -4.48%
2012 -4.2% -4.63%
2013 -11.2% -5.08%
2014 -4.53% -7.11%
2015 -2.84% -7.04%
2016 -2% -7.02%
2017 0.05% -0.21%
2018 0.9% -0.59%
2019 0.68% 1.67%
2020 -7.68% -7.05%
2021 -4.61% -4.65%
2022 -3.01% -8.33%
2023 -2.57% -6.73%
2024 -0.89% -4.88%
2025 -2.46% -2.97%

Inflation comparison by year

Over the past 29 years, Slovenia has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 3.92%, compared with 2.79% in Togo. In 2024, inflation was 1.97% in Slovenia and 2.86% in Togo.

Inflation
Slovenia

Togo
Year Inflation
Slovenia Togo Slovenia Togo
1996 9.86% 4.69%
1997 8.36% 8.25%
1998 7.89% 0.98%
1999 6.16% -0.05%
2000 8.91% 1.86%
2001 8.38% 3.92%
2002 7.48% 3.06%
2003 5.54% -0.93%
2004 3.59% 0.39%
2005 2.45% 6.78%
2006 2.46% 2.23%
2007 3.66% 0.95%
2008 5.65% 8.69%
2009 0.84% 3.71%
2010 1.8% 1.45%
2011 1.8% 3.56%
2012 2.6% 2.58%
2013 1.77% 1.83%
2014 0.2% 0.19%
2015 -0.53% 2.59%
2016 -0.05% 1.29%
2017 1.43% -0.98%
2018 1.74% 0.93%
2019 1.63% 0.67%
2020 -0.05% 1.7%
2021 1.92% 4.19%
2022 8.83% 7.97%
2023 7.45% 5.49%
2024 1.97% 2.86%

Top exports between countries

Slovenia
Export category Export value
Wood & paper products $239K
Raw materials & minerals $161K
Animal & marine products $69K
Machinery & equipment $52K
Metals $23K
Textiles & consumer goods $4K
Chemicals & pharma $2K
Togo
Export category Export value
Textiles & consumer goods $95K
Raw agricultural goods $8K

Balance of trade

Slovenia Togo
Current account balance
$3.23B
2024
-$20.7M
2020
Current account balance ranking
38/189
2024
75/189
2020
Current account balance, % of GDP
+4.46%
2024
-0.28%
2020
Goods imports
$45B
2024
$1.95B
2020
Goods exports
$45.6B
2024
$1.21B
2020
Service imports
$9.59B
2024
$438M
2020
Service exports
$13.5B
2024
$514M
2020
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
74.9%
2024
38.1%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
81.5%
2024
24.4%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Slovenia Togo
Economic freedom 68.3 52.3
Economic freedom ranking 49/197 147/197
Property rights 88.4 37
Government integrity 64.4 31.6
Judicial effectiveness 91.8 37.1
Tax burden 56.6 70.5
Government spending 30.9 81.6
Fiscal health 72.2 21.7
Business freedom 78.5 59.9
Labor freedom 64.5 51.9
Monetary freedom 72.9 69.8
Trade freedom 79.6 66.8
Investment freedom 70 60
Financial freedom 50 40

Economic freedom by year comparison

The Economic Freedom Index for Slovenia is 68.3, ranking 49/197, compared to 52.3 for Togo, ranking 147/197. The chart below displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Slovenia
Togo
Year Economic freedom index
Slovenia Togo
1996 50.4 -
1997 55.6 -
1998 60.7 -
1999 61.3 48.2
2000 58.3 46.4
2001 61.8 45.3
2002 57.8 45.2
2003 57.7 46.8
2004 59.2 47
2005 59.6 48.2
2006 61.9 47.3
2007 59.6 49.7
2008 60.2 48.9
2009 62.9 48.7
2010 64.7 47.1
2011 64.6 49.1
2012 62.9 48.3
2013 61.7 48.8
2014 62.7 49.9
2015 60.3 53
2016 60.6 53.6
2017 59.2 53.2
2018 64.8 47.8
2019 65.5 50.3
2020 67.8 54.1
2021 68.3 57.5
2022 70.5 57.2
2023 68.5 55.3
2024 65.9 50.9
2025 68.3 52.3

More economic indicators

Slovenia Togo
Services, % of GDP
58.2%
2024
52%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
28.8%
2024
20%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
1.49%
2024
18%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$67.3B
2024
$9.6B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$55,870
2024
$3,250
2024
Total reserves including gold
$2.83B
2024
n/a
Total reserves ranking
118/177
2024
n/a
Net foreign direct investment
-$551M
2024
-$53.1M
2020
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$1.95B
2024
$83.8M
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$1.4B
2024
-$73.4M
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
n/a
2.8%
2023
Poverty at national poverty lines
12.7%
2022
43.8%
2021
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
21.2%
2024
22.3%
2024

GDP per capita map

GDP per capita

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Economy comparisons

Economy vs Slovenia vs Togo
Afghanistan Compare Compare
Albania Compare Compare
Algeria Compare Compare
Andorra Compare Compare
Angola Compare Compare
Antigua Compare Compare
Argentina Compare Compare
Armenia Compare Compare
Australia Compare Compare
Austria Compare Compare
Azerbaijan Compare Compare
Bahamas Compare Compare
Bahrain Compare Compare
Bangladesh Compare Compare
Barbados Compare Compare
Belarus Compare Compare
Belgium Compare Compare
Belize Compare Compare
Benin Compare Compare
Bhutan Compare Compare
Bolivia Compare Compare
Bosnia Compare Compare
Botswana Compare Compare
Brazil Compare Compare
Brunei Compare Compare
Bulgaria Compare Compare
Burkina Faso Compare Compare
Burundi Compare Compare
Cambodia Compare Compare
Cameroon Compare Compare
Canada Compare Compare
Cape Verde Compare Compare
Cayman Islands Compare Compare
CAR Compare Compare
Chad Compare Compare
Chile Compare Compare
China Compare Compare
Colombia Compare Compare
Comoros Compare Compare
Congo Compare Compare
Costa Rica Compare Compare
Croatia Compare Compare
Cuba Compare Compare
Curacao Compare Compare
Cyprus Compare Compare
Czech Republic Compare Compare
DR Congo Compare Compare
Denmark Compare Compare
Djibouti Compare Compare
Dominica Compare Compare
Dominican Republic Compare Compare
East Timor Compare Compare
Ecuador Compare Compare
Egypt Compare Compare
El Salvador Compare Compare
Equatorial Guinea Compare Compare
Eritrea Compare Compare
Estonia Compare Compare
Eswatini Compare Compare
Ethiopia Compare Compare
Fiji Compare Compare
Finland Compare Compare
France Compare Compare
Gabon Compare Compare
Gambia Compare Compare
Georgia Compare Compare
Germany Compare Compare
Ghana Compare Compare
Greece Compare Compare
Grenada Compare Compare
Guatemala Compare Compare
Guinea Compare Compare
Guinea-Bissau Compare Compare
Guyana Compare Compare
Haiti Compare Compare
Honduras Compare Compare
Hungary Compare Compare
Iceland Compare Compare
India Compare Compare
Indonesia Compare Compare
Iran Compare Compare
Iraq Compare Compare
Ireland Compare Compare
Israel Compare Compare
Italy Compare Compare
Ivory Coast Compare Compare
Jamaica Compare Compare
Japan Compare Compare
Jordan Compare Compare
Kazakhstan Compare Compare
Kenya Compare Compare
Kiribati Compare Compare
Kuwait Compare Compare
Kyrgyzstan Compare Compare
Laos Compare Compare
Latvia Compare Compare
Lebanon Compare Compare
Lesotho Compare Compare
Liberia Compare Compare
Libya Compare Compare
Liechtenstein Compare Compare
Lithuania Compare Compare
Luxembourg Compare Compare
Madagascar Compare Compare
Malawi Compare Compare
Malaysia Compare Compare
Maldives Compare Compare
Mali Compare Compare
Malta Compare Compare
Marshall Islands Compare Compare
Mauritania Compare Compare
Mauritius Compare Compare
Mexico Compare Compare
Moldova Compare Compare
Monaco Compare Compare
Mongolia Compare Compare
Montenegro Compare Compare
Morocco Compare Compare
Mozambique Compare Compare
Myanmar Compare Compare
Namibia Compare Compare
Nauru Compare Compare
Nepal Compare Compare
Netherlands Compare Compare
New Zealand Compare Compare
Nicaragua Compare Compare
Niger Compare Compare
Nigeria Compare Compare
North Korea Compare Compare
North Macedonia Compare Compare
Norway Compare Compare
Oman Compare Compare
Pakistan Compare Compare
Palau Compare Compare
Palestine Compare Compare
Panama Compare Compare
Papua New Guinea Compare Compare
Paraguay Compare Compare
Peru Compare Compare
Philippines Compare Compare
Poland Compare Compare
Portugal Compare Compare
Qatar Compare Compare
Romania Compare Compare
Russia Compare Compare
Rwanda Compare Compare
Saint Kitts Compare Compare
Saint Lucia Compare Compare
Saint Vincent Compare Compare
Samoa Compare Compare
San Marino Compare Compare
Sao Tome Compare Compare
Saudi Arabia Compare Compare
Senegal Compare Compare
Serbia Compare Compare
Seychelles Compare Compare
Sierra Leone Compare Compare
Singapore Compare Compare
Slovakia Compare Compare
Solomon Islands Compare Compare
Somalia Compare Compare
South Africa Compare Compare
South Korea Compare Compare
South Sudan Compare Compare
Spain Compare Compare
Sri Lanka Compare Compare
Sudan Compare Compare
Suriname Compare Compare
Sweden Compare Compare
Switzerland Compare Compare
Syria Compare Compare
Taiwan Compare Compare
Tajikistan Compare Compare
Tanzania Compare Compare
Thailand Compare Compare
Tonga Compare Compare
Trinidad Compare Compare
Tunisia Compare Compare
Turkey Compare Compare
Turkmenistan Compare Compare
Tuvalu Compare Compare
Uganda Compare Compare
Ukraine Compare Compare
UAE Compare Compare
United Kingdom Compare Compare
United States Compare Compare
Uruguay Compare Compare
Uzbekistan Compare Compare
Vanuatu Compare Compare
Vatican Compare Compare
Venezuela Compare Compare
Vietnam Compare Compare
Yemen Compare Compare
Zambia Compare Compare
Zimbabwe Compare Compare

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.