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Economy of Sweden vs Yemen compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Sweden has a GDP of $604B compared to $21.6B for Yemen, ranking 26/197 and 125/197 by economy size, respectively.

Sweden has $199B in government debt (33% of GDP), compared to $18.8B (70.9% of GDP) in Yemen.

Sweden vs Yemen GDP by year

Sweden
Yemen
1x
Year GDP, current $
Sweden Yemen
2024 $603,715,224,266 -
2023 $578,990,915,246 -
2022 $575,071,237,641 -
2021 $631,693,331,301 -
2020 $544,265,668,452 -
2019 $530,894,124,494 -
2018 $549,649,344,043 $21,606,160,663
2017 $535,172,356,785 $26,842,229,045
2016 $513,058,312,951 $31,317,825,274
2015 $501,602,351,912 $42,444,490,074
2014 $577,727,767,304 $43,228,585,321
2013 $584,125,353,119 $40,415,233,436
2012 $549,739,674,655 $35,401,331,610
2011 $570,538,581,144 $32,726,417,878
2010 $492,750,897,239 $30,906,749,533
2009 $434,311,714,442 $25,130,278,213
2008 $514,614,100,833 $26,910,855,807
2007 $490,047,789,548 $21,650,528,674
2006 $422,528,394,459 $19,063,143,370
2005 $391,688,455,929 $16,731,566,717
2004 $384,545,442,175 $13,867,634,371
2003 $334,072,443,516 $11,777,532,662
2002 $267,371,907,447 $10,693,430,511
2001 $242,497,797,485 $9,852,990,693
2000 $262,903,560,280 $9,679,316,770
1999 $274,318,357,862 $7,639,325,296
1998 $270,887,306,759 $6,322,175,566
1997 $268,249,616,891 $6,838,298,531
1996 $291,949,597,375 $6,496,163,616
1995 $267,050,453,507 $12,796,345,679
1994 $228,699,066,874 $28,019,483,764
1993 $212,644,602,616 $21,736,802,664
1992 $283,908,914,454 $17,959,367,194
1991 $273,831,464,572 $14,665,445,462
1990 $261,466,577,009 $12,643,821,569
1989 $217,632,340,195 -
1988 $206,686,590,776 -
1987 $182,744,315,974 -
1986 $150,279,869,729 -
1985 $113,958,084,357 -
1984 $109,043,045,407 -
1983 $104,862,109,663 -
1982 $114,214,731,799 -
1981 $129,498,921,476 -
1980 $141,886,067,004 -
1979 $123,207,527,699 -
1978 $104,290,933,496 -
1977 $94,331,782,622 -
1976 $89,232,517,046 -
1975 $82,765,232,648 -
1974 $65,917,634,590 -
1973 $59,318,842,992 -
1972 $48,883,173,400 -
1971 $41,506,151,115 -
1970 $38,037,226,668 -
1969 $33,967,301,561 -
1968 $31,277,871,669 -
1967 $29,474,881,506 -
1966 $27,154,716,721 -
1965 $24,963,947,415 -
1964 $22,685,490,195 -
1963 $20,342,131,882 -
1962 $18,794,066,990 -
1961 $17,329,620,585 -
1960 $15,930,075,467 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/sweden/yemen | CC BY

GDP per capita in Sweden vs Yemen by year

Sweden
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Yemen
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Sweden Yemen
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $57,117 $71,845 - -
2023 $54,950 $69,226 - -
2022 $54,837 $67,076 - -
2021 $60,648 $62,732 - -
2020 $52,569 $57,489 - -
2019 $51,649 $57,046 - -
2018 $54,018 $53,122 $634 -
2017 $53,210 $51,474 $811 -
2016 $51,704 $50,290 $975 -
2015 $51,188 $48,772 $1,362 -
2014 $59,583 $46,841 $1,430 -
2013 $60,844 $46,098 $1,379 $3,164
2012 $57,750 $45,207 $1,245 $3,005
2011 $60,379 $44,333 $1,186 $3,113
2010 $52,543 $41,951 $1,155 $3,603
2009 $46,708 $40,094 $969 $3,411
2008 $55,817 $41,907 $1,072 $3,370
2007 $53,568 $40,813 $890 $3,294
2006 $46,531 $37,672 $810 $3,205
2005 $43,378 $34,198 $734 $3,113
2004 $42,758 $33,805 $628 $2,949
2003 $37,292 $31,788 $549 $2,844
2002 $29,958 $30,987 $513 $2,768
2001 $27,259 $29,946 $487 $2,702
2000 $29,633 $29,636 $493 $2,624
1999 $30,969 $27,496 $401 $2,492
1998 $30,605 $25,897 $343 $2,442
1997 $30,324 $24,817 $383 $2,351
1996 $33,022 $23,952 $375 $2,268
1995 $30,254 $23,084 $764 $2,201
1994 $26,046 $21,835 $1,735 $2,115
1993 $24,390 $20,700 $1,397 $2,013
1992 $32,753 $20,767 $1,198 $1,963
1991 $31,777 $20,663 $1,016 $1,843
1990 $30,549 $20,357 $910 $1,742
1989 $25,625 - - -
1988 $24,499 - - -
1987 $21,761 - - -
1986 $17,955 - - -
1985 $13,647 - - -
1984 $13,080 - - -
1983 $12,590 - - -
1982 $13,719 - - -
1981 $15,564 - - -
1980 $17,073 - - -
1979 $14,856 - - -
1978 $12,602 - - -
1977 $11,432 - - -
1976 $10,853 - - -
1975 $10,103 - - -
1974 $8,078 - - -
1973 $7,291 - - -
1972 $6,018 - - -
1971 $5,125 - - -
1970 $4,729 - - -
1969 $4,263 - - -
1968 $3,953 - - -
1967 $3,746 - - -
1966 $3,478 - - -
1965 $3,228 - - -
1964 $2,961 - - -
1963 $2,675 - - -
1962 $2,485 - - -
1961 $2,304 - - -
1960 $2,128 - - -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/sweden/yemen | CC BY

Sweden's GDP per capita is $57,117, ranking 17/197, compared to $634 in Yemen, ranking 191/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Sweden ranks 23rd at $71,845, while Yemen ranks 178th at $3,164.

Economic indicators

Sweden Yemen
Gross domestic product
$604B
2024
$21.6B
2018
GDP rank
26/197
2024
125/197
2018
GDP growth
0.82%
2023-2024
0.75%
2017-2018
GDP per capita
$57,117
2024
$634
2018
GDP per capita rank
17/197
2024
191/197
2018
GDP per capita, PPP
$71,845
2024
$3,164
2013
GDP per capita PPP rank
23/197
2024
178/197
2013
Government debt
$199B
2024
$18.8B
2018
Debt-to-GDP ratio
33%
2024
70.9%
2024
Government debt per person
$18,842
2024
$551
2018
Government debt per person rank
32/185
2024
165/185
2018
Average annual personal income after taxes
$42,066
2026
$1,127
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$290B
2003
n/a
Number of millionaires
490,000
2025
n/a
Number of billionaires
45
2025
n/a
Income share by richest 10%
22.3%
2023
29.4%
2014
Income share by poorest 10%
2.8%
2023
3%
2014
Government expenditure, % of GDP
49.3%
2024
8.91%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
2.84%
2023-2024
33.9%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate
1.75%
2025
n/a
Unemployment rate
8.31%
2024
13.5%
2014
Population
10680056
43325643

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Sweden
Spending

Debt
Yemen
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Sweden Yemen
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 49.3% 33% 8.91% 70.9%
2023 48.9% 31.8% 11.8% 77.9%
2022 48.3% 33.9% 12.2% 65.3%
2021 49.3% 37% 8.22% 75.9%
2020 52% 40.2% 10.6% 87%
2019 48.8% 35.8% 13.2% 91.5%
2018 49.8% 39.9% 14.3% 86.9%
2017 49.2% 41.6% 8.39% 83.8%
2016 49.5% 42.9% 16.1% 76.5%
2015 49.4% 44.5% 19.4% 57.7%
2014 50.7% 45.7% 27.8% 48.9%
2013 51.4% 40.8% 30.8% 48.4%
2012 50.2% 38% 36.2% 47.6%
2011 49.1% 37.7% 29.8% 45.7%
2010 49.7% 38.6% 30.2% 42.4%
2009 51.7% 41.2% 35.2% 49.8%
2008 49.4% 38% 41.2% 36.4%
2007 48.5% 39.2% 40.3% 40.4%
2006 50.1% 43.8% 37.4% 40.8%
2005 51.2% 48.9% 36.8% 43.8%
2004 51.7% 48.7% 34.2% 52.1%
2003 53% 49.4% 35.3% 56.8%
2002 52.7% 49.8% 30.8% 57.8%
2001 51.7% 52% 30.5% 60.6%
2000 52.2% 50.4% 31.7% 60.8%
1999 55.2% 60.3% 28.2% 96.1%
1998 55.6% 65.4% 34.3% 110.6%
1997 57.9% 67.7% 34.2% 74.2%
1996 60% 68.9% 30.7% 114.9%
1995 62.1% 68.7% 24.1% 84.1%
1994 65.3% 68.6% 25.2% 73.3%
1993 67.9% 66.1% 25.8% 76.7%
1992 66.5% 45.7% 24.6% 78%
1991 61.2% 40.2% 24.7% 82.7%
1990 57.5% 40.3% 26.6% 91.6%
1989 35.8% 44.8% - -
1988 37.9% 50.3% - -
1987 40.9% 56% - -
1986 42.1% 59.5% - -
1985 47.6% 61.2% - -
1984 46.7% 57.5% - -
1983 48.6% 54.5% - -
1982 46.4% 47.9% - -
1981 46.1% 41.5% - -
1980 41% 34.4% - -
1979 39.9% 28.3% - -
1978 39.1% 24% - -
1977 35.7% 21% - -
1976 32.3% 19% - -
1975 30.6% 19.9% - -
1974 30.1% 19.4% - -
1973 31.1% 18% - -
1972 31.9% 17.2% - -
1971 29.8% 16.9% - -
1970 29.5% 16.9% - -
1969 28.7% 17.6% - -
1968 28.3% 17.6% - -
1967 27.7% 16.1% - -
1966 26.5% 15.3% - -
1965 24.6% 17% - -
1964 23.4% 18.7% - -
1963 24.4% 20.7% - -
1962 23.4% 23% - -
1961 23.7% 26% - -
1960 24.4% 28.6% - -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1998, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/sweden/yemen | CC BY

In 2024, Sweden's government spending was $298B, accounting for 49.3% of its GDP, while Yemen spent $3.08B, or 8.91% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 33% in Sweden and 70.9% in Yemen, ranking 148/185 and 55/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Sweden

Yemen
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Sweden Yemen
2024 -1.72% -2.48%
2023 -0.63% -5.63%
2022 1% -2.15%
2021 -0.15% -0.89%
2020 -3.18% -4.3%
2019 0.44% -5.89%
2018 0.67% -7.85%
2017 1.29% -4.9%
2016 0.86% -8.51%
2015 -0.27% -8.75%
2014 -1.84% -4.14%
2013 -1.63% -6.9%
2012 -1.19% -6.32%
2011 -0.41% -4.51%
2010 -0.14% -4.06%
2009 -0.89% -10.2%
2008 1.87% -4.53%
2007 3.37% -7.18%
2006 2.2% 1.19%
2005 2.08% -1.82%
2004 0.17% -2.15%
2003 -1.25% -4.2%
2002 -1.46% -0.56%
2001 1.37% 2.79%
2000 3.11% 6.09%
1999 0.6% 0.06%
1998 0.82% -7.77%
1997 -1.57% -1.5%
1996 -3.11% -0.92%
1995 -7.01% -5.74%
1994 -8.77% -14%
1993 -10.9% -12.8%
1992 -8.51% -10.9%
1991 0.28% -5.76%
1990 3.7% -10.3%
1989 1.5% -
1988 -0.64% -
1987 -2% -
1986 -6.21% -
1985 -9.91% -
1984 -12.1% -
1983 -15.1% -
1982 -13.4% -
1981 -12.8% -
1980 -11.5% -
1979 -9.95% -
1978 -7.32% -
1977 -3.32% -
1976 -1.27% -
1975 -4.05% -
1974 -4.12% -
1973 -3.28% -
1972 -2.17% -
1971 -1.67% -
1970 -2.64% -
1969 -2.03% -
1968 -2.37% -
1967 -1.41% -
1966 -0.33% -
1965 -0.17% -
1964 -0.1% -
1963 0.41% -
1962 0.7% -
1961 0.56% -
1960 -2.67% -
1959 -2.53% -
1958 -2.31% -
1957 -2.1% -
1956 -1.21% -
1955 -1.72% -
1954 -1.52% -
1953 -2.47% -
1952 -0.16% -
1951 -0.9% -
1950 -1.64% -
1949 -0.74% -
1948 0.29% -
1947 -1.08% -
1946 -0.61% -
1945 -8.04% -
1944 -8.66% -
1943 -10.7% -
1942 -11.8% -
1941 -13.1% -
1940 -8.16% -
1939 -1.13% -
1938 -0.07% -
1937 0.46% -
1936 -0.64% -
1935 -2.19% -
1934 -1.88% -
1933 -4.1% -
1932 -1.56% -
1931 -0.05% -
1930 0.09% -
1929 -0.39% -
1928 -0.06% -
1927 -1.14% -
1926 -1.11% -
1925 -1.44% -
1924 -0.99% -
1923 -1.65% -
1922 -3.17% -
1921 -3.55% -
1920 -0.6% -
1919 0.17% -
1918 -8.59% -
1917 -0.26% -
1916 -0.23% -
1915 -0.94% -
1914 -0.55% -
1913 -0.17% -
1912 -0.51% -
1911 -0.87% -
1910 -0.81% -
1909 -2.08% -
1908 -2.27% -
1907 -0.68% -
1906 -0.66% -
1905 -0.34% -
1904 -0.56% -
1903 0.08% -
1902 -1.57% -
1901 -1.34% -
1900 -0.32% -
1899 0.57% -
1898 0.91% -
1897 1.09% -
1896 -0.59% -
1895 1% -
1894 0.47% -
1893 -0.49% -
1892 -0.68% -
1891 -0.6% -
1890 0.33% -
1889 0.19% -
1888 -0.05% -
1887 -1.5% -
1886 -0.98% -
1885 -0.08% -
1884 0.24% -
1883 0.16% -
1882 0.36% -
1881 -0.17% -
1880 -0.47% -
1879 -1.89% -
1878 -2.04% -
1877 -1.21% -
1876 -1.07% -
1875 -1.26% -
1874 -1.05% -
1873 0.06% -
1872 -0.15% -
1871 0.22% -
1870 -0.42% -
1869 -1.52% -
1868 -1.67% -
1867 -1.17% -
1866 -3.01% -
1865 -2.02% -
1864 -2.3% -
1863 -1.58% -
1862 -1.35% -
1861 -1.11% -
1860 -2.03% -
1859 -2.17% -
1858 -2.36% -
1857 -0.62% -
1856 -0.08% -
1855 -0.09% -
1854 -0.19% -
1853 0.17% -
1852 -0.31% -
1851 -0.07% -
1850 0.004% -
1849 0.09% -
1848 0.12% -
1847 0.08% -
1846 0.13% -
1845 0.04% -
1844 0.009% -
1843 0.05% -
1842 -0.12% -
1841 0.06% -
1840 -0.01% -
1839 -0.006% -
1838 0.09% -
1837 -0.38% -
1836 -0.08% -
1835 0.08% -
1834 -0.12% -
1833 0.09% -
1832 0.01% -
1831 -0.1% -
1830 -0.45% -
1829 2.7% -
1828 0.03% -
1827 -0.16% -
1826 0.37% -
1825 0.18% -
1824 -0.23% -
1823 0.37% -
1822 -0.03% -
1821 -0.49% -
1820 0.26% -
1819 0.09% -
1818 0.35% -
1817 0.35% -
1816 0.16% -
1815 2.34% -
1814 -0.45% -
1813 -0.37% -
1812 3.47% -
1811 -0.48% -
1810 -3.05% -
1809 -7.65% -
1808 -5.04% -
1807 0.1% -
1806 0.55% -
1805 0.52% -
1804 -0.25% -
1803 11.6% -
1802 2.17% -
1801 0.01% -
1800 -0.44% -

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1800–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/sweden/yemen | CC BY

In 2018, Sweden's government surplus, the difference between spending and revenue, was $3.7B, equivalent to 0.67% of GDP. This compares to Yemen's deficit of $1.7B, or 7.85% of GDP.

Over the past 29 years, Sweden recorded a fiscal deficit in 15 of those years, while Yemen ran a deficit in 25 years. On average, Sweden posted an annual deficit equal to 0.91% of GDP, compared to deficit of 5.04% of GDP for Yemen.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Sweden

Yemen
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Sweden Yemen
2024 2.84% 33.9%
2023 8.55% 0.9%
2022 8.37% 29.5%
2021 2.16% 31.5%
2020 0.5% 21.7%
2019 1.78% 15.7%
2018 1.95% 33.6%
2017 1.79% 30.4%
2016 0.98% 21.3%
2015 -0.05% 22%
2014 -0.18% 8.2%
2013 -0.04% 11%
2012 0.89% 9.9%
2011 2.96% 19.5%
2010 1.16% 11.2%
2009 -0.49% 3.7%
2008 3.44% 19%
2007 2.21% 7.9%
2006 1.36% 10.8%
2005 0.45% 9.9%
2004 0.37% 12.5%
2003 1.93% 10.8%
2002 2.16% 12.2%
2001 2.41% 11.9%
2000 0.9% 11%
1999 0.46% 7.9%
1998 -0.27% 11.5%
1997 0.66% 4.6%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | World Economic Outlook (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/sweden/yemen | CC BY

Over the past 28 years, Sweden has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 1.76%, compared with 15.5% in Yemen. In 2024, inflation was 2.84% in Sweden and 33.9% in Yemen.

Top exports between countries

Sweden
Export category Export value
Wood & paper products $1.57M
Machinery & equipment $858K
Raw materials & minerals $259K
Chemicals & pharma $232K
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $227K
Animal & marine products $193K
Metals $124K
Textiles & consumer goods $29K
Miscellaneous $11K
Raw agricultural goods $1K
Yemen
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $50K
Wood & paper products $1K

Balance of trade

Sweden Yemen
Current account balance
$35.8B
2024
-$2.42B
2016
Current account balance ranking
17/190
2024
148/190
2016
Current account balance, % of GDP
+5.92%
2024
-7.72%
2016
Goods imports
$188B
2024
$6.8B
2016
Goods exports
$218B
2024
$473M
2016
Service imports
$126B
2024
$1.46B
2016
Service exports
$116B
2024
$466M
2016
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
51.6%
2024
47.3%
2018
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
54.3%
2024
8.76%
2018

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Sweden Yemen
Economic freedom 77.8 53.7
Economic freedom ranking 14/197 138/197
Property rights 96.2 3.5
Government integrity 91.6 6.2
Judicial effectiveness 95.6 9.9
Tax burden 51.6 93.7
Government spending 28.4 0
Fiscal health 97.5 71.2
Business freedom 84.8 31.3
Labor freedom 65.8 31.2
Monetary freedom 78.1 48.1
Trade freedom 79.4 67.4
Investment freedom 85 50
Financial freedom 80 30

Economic freedom comparison by year

Sweden
Yemen
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Sweden Yemen
2026 77.8 -
2025 77.9 -
2024 77.5 -
2023 77.5 -
2022 77.9 -
2021 74.7 -
2020 74.9 -
2019 75.2 -
2018 76.3 -
2017 74.9 -
2016 72 -
2015 72.7 53.7
2014 73.1 55.5
2013 72.9 55.9
2012 71.7 55.3
2011 71.9 54.2
2010 72.4 54.4
2009 70.5 56.9
2008 70.8 53.8
2007 69.3 54.1
2006 70.9 52.6
2005 69.8 53.8
2004 70.1 50.5
2003 70 50.3
2002 70.8 48.6
2001 66.6 44.3
2000 65.1 44.5
1999 64.2 43.3
1998 64 46.1
1997 63.3 48.4
1996 61.8 49.6
1995 61.4 49.8

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/sweden/yemen | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Sweden is 77.8, ranking 14/197, compared to 53.7 for Yemen, ranking 138/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Sweden Yemen
Services, % of GDP
66.4%
2024
41.8%
2018
Industry, % of GDP
21.7%
2024
25.4%
2018
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
1.42%
2024
28.7%
2018
GNI, Atlas method
$615B
2024
$25.3B
2018
GNI per capita, PPP
$75,000
2024
$3,020
2013
Total reserves including gold
$62.6B
2024
$1.25B
2022
Total reserves ranking
37/177
2024
139/177
2022
Net foreign direct investment
$2.08B
2024
$15.4M
2015
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$27B
2024
-$371M
2019
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$29.6B
2024
$0
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI n/a
0.53%
2018
Poverty at national poverty lines
16.1%
2022
48.6%
2014
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
25.4%
2024
6.18%
2018

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1800–1998, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2015–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.