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Economy of Algeria vs Sweden compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Algeria has a GDP of $269B compared to $604B for Sweden, ranking 51/197 and 26/197 by economy size, respectively.

Algeria has $129B in government debt (48.1% of GDP), compared to $199B (33% of GDP) in Sweden.

Algeria vs Sweden GDP by year

Algeria
Sweden
1x
Year GDP, current $
Algeria Sweden
2024 $269,322,281,665 $603,715,224,266
2023 $247,923,887,215 $578,990,915,246
2022 $225,581,644,703 $575,071,237,641
2021 $186,231,205,262 $631,693,331,301
2020 $164,873,415,325 $544,265,668,452
2019 $193,459,662,091 $530,894,124,494
2018 $194,554,483,656 $549,649,344,043
2017 $189,880,896,903 $535,172,356,785
2016 $180,763,839,522 $513,058,312,951
2015 $187,493,855,609 $501,602,351,912
2014 $238,942,664,193 $577,727,767,304
2013 $229,701,430,292 $584,125,353,119
2012 $227,143,746,076 $549,739,674,655
2011 $218,331,946,925 $570,538,581,144
2010 $177,785,053,940 $492,750,897,239
2009 $150,317,292,079 $434,311,714,442
2008 $180,383,848,331 $514,614,100,833
2007 $142,482,739,810 $490,047,789,548
2006 $123,084,258,693 $422,528,394,459
2005 $107,046,618,670 $391,688,455,929
2004 $91,913,680,985 $384,545,442,175
2003 $73,482,264,191 $334,072,443,516
2002 $61,516,103,406 $267,371,907,447
2001 $59,413,400,924 $242,497,797,485
2000 $54,790,398,570 $262,903,560,280
1999 $48,640,671,735 $274,318,357,862
1998 $48,187,781,984 $270,887,306,759
1997 $48,177,612,042 $268,249,616,891
1996 $46,941,554,225 $291,949,597,375
1995 $41,764,291,672 $267,050,453,507
1994 $42,543,176,829 $228,699,066,874
1993 $49,945,584,453 $212,644,602,616
1992 $48,003,133,347 $283,908,914,454
1991 $45,715,676,428 $273,831,464,572
1990 $62,048,507,531 $261,466,577,009
1989 $55,634,721,573 $217,632,340,195
1988 $59,089,396,860 $206,686,590,776
1987 $66,745,818,375 $182,744,315,974
1986 $63,692,007,897 $150,279,869,729
1985 $57,937,868,670 $113,958,084,357
1984 $53,698,548,293 $109,043,045,407
1983 $48,801,369,800 $104,862,109,663
1982 $45,207,167,470 $114,214,731,799
1981 $44,348,590,461 $129,498,921,476
1980 $42,345,829,079 $141,886,067,004
1979 $33,243,706,860 $123,207,527,699
1978 $26,364,491,313 $104,290,933,496
1977 $20,972,113,685 $94,331,782,622
1976 $17,728,240,932 $89,232,517,046
1975 $15,557,902,754 $82,765,232,648
1974 $13,209,871,626 $65,917,634,590
1973 $8,707,858,912 $59,318,842,992
1972 $6,766,743,957 $48,883,173,400
1971 $5,077,183,094 $41,506,151,115
1970 $4,863,526,897 $38,037,226,668
1969 $4,257,253,264 $33,967,301,561
1968 $3,852,147,027 $31,277,871,669
1967 $3,370,870,376 $29,474,881,506
1966 $3,039,859,187 $27,154,716,721
1965 $3,136,284,307 $24,963,947,415
1964 $2,909,316,435 $22,685,490,195
1963 $2,702,982,018 $20,342,131,882
1962 $2,001,444,544 $18,794,066,990
1961 $2,434,747,056 $17,329,620,585
1960 $2,723,615,451 $15,930,075,467

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/algeria/sweden | CC BY

GDP per capita in Algeria vs Sweden by year

Algeria
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Sweden
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Algeria Sweden
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $5,753 $17,621 $57,117 $71,845
2023 $5,370 $16,824 $54,950 $69,226
2022 $4,960 $15,836 $54,837 $67,076
2021 $4,161 $14,497 $60,648 $62,732
2020 $3,744 $12,677 $52,569 $57,489
2019 $4,468 $13,893 $51,649 $57,046
2018 $4,577 $13,727 $54,018 $53,122
2017 $4,555 $13,494 $53,210 $51,474
2016 $4,425 $13,438 $51,704 $50,290
2015 $4,685 $13,807 $51,188 $48,772
2014 $6,095 $14,694 $59,583 $46,841
2013 $5,980 $14,371 $60,844 $46,098
2012 $6,034 $14,441 $57,750 $45,207
2011 $5,916 $14,640 $60,379 $44,333
2010 $4,913 $14,201 $52,543 $41,951
2009 $4,235 $13,651 $46,708 $40,094
2008 $5,181 $13,666 $55,817 $41,907
2007 $4,167 $13,321 $53,568 $40,813
2006 $3,661 $12,791 $46,531 $37,672
2005 $3,233 $12,246 $43,378 $34,198
2004 $2,817 $11,432 $42,758 $33,805
2003 $2,284 $10,803 $37,292 $31,788
2002 $1,937 $10,080 $29,958 $30,987
2001 $1,896 $9,544 $27,259 $29,946
2000 $1,773 $9,187 $29,633 $29,636
1999 $1,596 $8,776 $30,969 $27,496
1998 $1,603 $8,503 $30,605 $25,897
1997 $1,629 $8,129 $30,324 $24,817
1996 $1,617 $8,053 $33,022 $23,952
1995 $1,467 $7,747 $30,254 $23,084
1994 $1,526 $7,463 $26,046 $21,835
1993 $1,831 $7,538 $24,390 $20,700
1992 $1,803 $7,705 $32,753 $20,767
1991 $1,759 $7,582 $31,777 $20,663
1990 $2,445 $7,602 $30,549 $20,357
1989 $2,247 - $25,625 -
1988 $2,451 - $24,499 -
1987 $2,847 - $21,761 -
1986 $2,800 - $17,955 -
1985 $2,633 - $13,647 -
1984 $2,524 - $13,080 -
1983 $2,374 - $12,590 -
1982 $2,275 - $13,719 -
1981 $2,307 - $15,564 -
1980 $2,276 - $17,073 -
1979 $1,843 - $14,856 -
1978 $1,506 - $12,602 -
1977 $1,232 - $11,432 -
1976 $1,080 - $10,853 -
1975 $992 - $10,103 -
1974 $873 - $8,078 -
1973 $590 - $7,291 -
1972 $469 - $6,018 -
1971 $360 - $5,125 -
1970 $353 - $4,729 -
1969 $316 - $4,263 -
1968 $292.4 - $3,953 -
1967 $261.8 - $3,746 -
1966 $241.4 - $3,478 -
1965 $253.6 - $3,228 -
1964 $238.9 - $2,961 -
1963 $225.6 - $2,675 -
1962 $169.6 - $2,485 -
1961 $209.4 - $2,304 -
1960 $238.4 - $2,128 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/algeria/sweden | CC BY

Algeria's GDP per capita is $5,753, ranking 114/197, compared to $57,117 in Sweden, ranking 17/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Algeria ranks 105th at $17,621, while Sweden ranks 23rd at $71,845.

Economic indicators

Algeria Sweden
Gross domestic product
$269B
2024
$604B
2024
GDP rank
51/197
2024
26/197
2024
GDP growth
3.7%
2023-2024
0.82%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$5,753
2024
$57,117
2024
GDP per capita rank
114/197
2024
17/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$17,621
2024
$71,845
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
105/197
2024
23/197
2024
Government debt
$129B
2024
$199B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
48.1%
2024
33%
2024
Government debt per person
$2,765
2024
$18,842
2024
Government debt per person rank
106/185
2024
32/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$3,787
2026
$42,066
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies
$371M
2018
$290B
2003
Number of millionaires n/a
490,000
2025
Number of billionaires
1
2025
45
2025
Income share by richest 10%
22.9%
2011
22.3%
2023
Income share by poorest 10%
4%
2011
2.8%
2023
Government expenditure, % of GDP
36.8%
2024
49.3%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
4.05%
2023-2024
2.84%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate
3%
2020
1.75%
2025
Unemployment rate
12%
2017
8.31%
2024
Population
48222325
10680056

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Algeria
Spending

Debt
Sweden
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Algeria Sweden
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 36.8% 48.1% 49.3% 33%
2023 37.4% 47.7% 48.9% 31.8%
2022 32.7% 48.1% 48.3% 33.9%
2021 32.5% 55.1% 49.3% 37%
2020 37.5% 46% 52% 40.2%
2019 37.1% 40.9% 48.8% 35.8%
2018 36.2% 34.5% 49.8% 39.9%
2017 36.2% 24% 49.2% 41.6%
2016 37.2% 18.1% 49.5% 42.9%
2015 40.9% 7.73% 49.4% 44.5%
2014 36.9% 6.85% 50.7% 45.7%
2013 33.5% 6.48% 51.4% 40.8%
2012 40% 8.58% 50.2% 38%
2011 37.7% 8.48% 49.1% 37.7%
2010 35.1% 9.51% 49.7% 38.6%
2009 40.1% 8.92% 51.7% 41.2%
2008 37.3% 7.64% 49.4% 38%
2007 33.1% 12.8% 48.5% 39.2%
2006 27.8% 22.5% 50.1% 43.8%
2005 27.8% 25.4% 51.2% 48.9%
2004 27.1% 32.7% 51.7% 48.7%
2003 27% 38.2% 53% 49.4%
2002 32.5% 47.3% 52.7% 49.8%
2001 29.1% 50% 51.7% 52%
2000 26.4% 53.4% 52.2% 50.4%
1999 29.4% 69.7% 55.2% 60.3%
1998 28.7% 79.9% 55.6% 65.4%
1997 28.5% 79.6% 57.9% 67.7%
1996 26.9% 90.7% 60% 68.9%
1995 28.9% 95.9% 62.1% 68.7%
1994 30.9% 106.3% 65.3% 68.6%
1993 32.6% 76.8% 67.9% 66.1%
1992 28.2% 69.3% 66.5% 45.7%
1991 27.6% 86.1% 61.2% 40.2%
1990 23.3% 63.6% 57.5% 40.3%
1989 - - 35.8% 44.8%
1988 - - 37.9% 50.3%
1987 - - 40.9% 56%
1986 - - 42.1% 59.5%
1985 - - 47.6% 61.2%
1984 - - 46.7% 57.5%
1983 - - 48.6% 54.5%
1982 - - 46.4% 47.9%
1981 - - 46.1% 41.5%
1980 - - 41% 34.4%
1979 - - 39.9% 28.3%
1978 - - 39.1% 24%
1977 - - 35.7% 21%
1976 - - 32.3% 19%
1975 - - 30.6% 19.9%
1974 - - 30.1% 19.4%
1973 - - 31.1% 18%
1972 - - 31.9% 17.2%
1971 - - 29.8% 16.9%
1970 - - 29.5% 16.9%
1969 - - 28.7% 17.6%
1968 - - 28.3% 17.6%
1967 - - 27.7% 16.1%
1966 - - 26.5% 15.3%
1965 - - 24.6% 17%
1964 - - 23.4% 18.7%
1963 - - 24.4% 20.7%
1962 - - 23.4% 23%
1961 - - 23.7% 26%
1960 - - 24.4% 28.6%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1992, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/algeria/sweden | CC BY

In 2024, Algeria's government spending was $99.1B, accounting for 36.8% of its GDP, while Sweden spent $298B, or 49.3% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 48.1% in Algeria and 33% in Sweden, ranking 113/185 and 148/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Algeria

Sweden
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Algeria Sweden
2024 -13.8% -1.72%
2023 -5.52% -0.63%
2022 -2.96% 1%
2021 -6.32% -0.15%
2020 -10.5% -3.18%
2019 -8.51% 0.44%
2018 -6.15% 0.67%
2017 -7.55% 1.29%
2016 -11.8% 0.86%
2015 -13.9% -0.27%
2014 -7.14% -1.84%
2013 -0.79% -1.63%
2012 -4.04% -1.19%
2011 -1.06% -0.41%
2010 -1.35% -0.14%
2009 -6.53% -0.89%
2008 7.79% 1.87%
2007 4.63% 3.37%
2006 12.9% 2.2%
2005 11.4% 2.08%
2004 6.36% 0.17%
2003 7.22% -1.25%
2002 0.21% -1.46%
2001 3.15% 1.37%
2000 8.91% 3.11%
1999 -1.83% 0.6%
1998 -3.52% 0.82%
1997 2.19% -1.57%
1996 2.7% -3.11%
1995 -1.3% -7.01%
1994 -4.05% -8.77%
1993 -7.79% -10.9%
1992 -1.05% -8.51%
1991 1.53% 0.28%
1990 3.35% 3.7%
1989 - 1.5%
1988 - -0.64%
1987 - -2%
1986 - -6.21%
1985 - -9.91%
1984 - -12.1%
1983 - -15.1%
1982 - -13.4%
1981 - -12.8%
1980 - -11.5%
1979 - -9.95%
1978 - -7.32%
1977 - -3.32%
1976 - -1.27%
1975 - -4.05%
1974 - -4.12%
1973 - -3.28%
1972 - -2.17%
1971 - -1.67%
1970 - -2.64%
1969 - -2.03%
1968 - -2.37%
1967 - -1.41%
1966 - -0.33%
1965 - -0.17%
1964 - -0.1%
1963 - 0.41%
1962 - 0.7%
1961 - 0.56%
1960 - -2.67%
1959 - -2.53%
1958 - -2.31%
1957 - -2.1%
1956 - -1.21%
1955 - -1.72%
1954 - -1.52%
1953 - -2.47%
1952 - -0.16%
1951 - -0.9%
1950 - -1.64%
1949 - -0.74%
1948 - 0.29%
1947 - -1.08%
1946 - -0.61%
1945 - -8.04%
1944 - -8.66%
1943 - -10.7%
1942 - -11.8%
1941 - -13.1%
1940 - -8.16%
1939 - -1.13%
1938 - -0.07%
1937 - 0.46%
1936 - -0.64%
1935 - -2.19%
1934 - -1.88%
1933 - -4.1%
1932 - -1.56%
1931 - -0.05%
1930 - 0.09%
1929 - -0.39%
1928 - -0.06%
1927 - -1.14%
1926 - -1.11%
1925 - -1.44%
1924 - -0.99%
1923 - -1.65%
1922 - -3.17%
1921 - -3.55%
1920 - -0.6%
1919 - 0.17%
1918 - -8.59%
1917 - -0.26%
1916 - -0.23%
1915 - -0.94%
1914 - -0.55%
1913 - -0.17%
1912 - -0.51%
1911 - -0.87%
1910 - -0.81%
1909 - -2.08%
1908 - -2.27%
1907 - -0.68%
1906 - -0.66%
1905 - -0.34%
1904 - -0.56%
1903 - 0.08%
1902 - -1.57%
1901 - -1.34%
1900 - -0.32%
1899 - 0.57%
1898 - 0.91%
1897 - 1.09%
1896 - -0.59%
1895 - 1%
1894 - 0.47%
1893 - -0.49%
1892 - -0.68%
1891 - -0.6%
1890 - 0.33%
1889 - 0.19%
1888 - -0.05%
1887 - -1.5%
1886 - -0.98%
1885 - -0.08%
1884 - 0.24%
1883 - 0.16%
1882 - 0.36%
1881 - -0.17%
1880 - -0.47%
1879 - -1.89%
1878 - -2.04%
1877 - -1.21%
1876 - -1.07%
1875 - -1.26%
1874 - -1.05%
1873 - 0.06%
1872 - -0.15%
1871 - 0.22%
1870 - -0.42%
1869 - -1.52%
1868 - -1.67%
1867 - -1.17%
1866 - -3.01%
1865 - -2.02%
1864 - -2.3%
1863 - -1.58%
1862 - -1.35%
1861 - -1.11%
1860 - -2.03%
1859 - -2.17%
1858 - -2.36%
1857 - -0.62%
1856 - -0.08%
1855 - -0.09%
1854 - -0.19%
1853 - 0.17%
1852 - -0.31%
1851 - -0.07%
1850 - 0.004%
1849 - 0.09%
1848 - 0.12%
1847 - 0.08%
1846 - 0.13%
1845 - 0.04%
1844 - 0.009%
1843 - 0.05%
1842 - -0.12%
1841 - 0.06%
1840 - -0.01%
1839 - -0.006%
1838 - 0.09%
1837 - -0.38%
1836 - -0.08%
1835 - 0.08%
1834 - -0.12%
1833 - 0.09%
1832 - 0.01%
1831 - -0.1%
1830 - -0.45%
1829 - 2.7%
1828 - 0.03%
1827 - -0.16%
1826 - 0.37%
1825 - 0.18%
1824 - -0.23%
1823 - 0.37%
1822 - -0.03%
1821 - -0.49%
1820 - 0.26%
1819 - 0.09%
1818 - 0.35%
1817 - 0.35%
1816 - 0.16%
1815 - 2.34%
1814 - -0.45%
1813 - -0.37%
1812 - 3.47%
1811 - -0.48%
1810 - -3.05%
1809 - -7.65%
1808 - -5.04%
1807 - 0.1%
1806 - 0.55%
1805 - 0.52%
1804 - -0.25%
1803 - 11.6%
1802 - 2.17%
1801 - 0.01%
1800 - -0.44%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1800–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/algeria/sweden | CC BY

In 2024, Algeria's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $37.1B, equivalent to 13.8% of GDP. This compares to Sweden's deficit of $10.4B, or 1.72% of GDP.

Over the past 35 years, Algeria recorded a fiscal deficit in 22 of those years, while Sweden ran a deficit in 19 years. On average, Algeria posted an annual deficit equal to 1.58% of GDP, compared to deficit of 0.88% of GDP for Sweden.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Algeria

Sweden
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Algeria Sweden
2024 4.05% 2.84%
2023 9.32% 8.55%
2022 9.27% 8.37%
2021 7.23% 2.16%
2020 2.42% 0.5%
2019 1.95% 1.78%
2018 4.27% 1.95%
2017 5.59% 1.79%
2016 6.4% 0.98%
2015 4.78% -0.05%
2014 2.92% -0.18%
2013 3.25% -0.04%
2012 8.89% 0.89%
2011 4.52% 2.96%
2010 3.91% 1.16%
2009 5.74% -0.49%
2008 4.86% 3.44%
2007 3.68% 2.21%
2006 2.31% 1.36%
2005 1.38% 0.45%
2004 3.96% 0.37%
2003 4.27% 1.93%
2002 1.42% 2.16%
2001 4.23% 2.41%
2000 0.34% 0.9%
1999 2.65% 0.46%
1998 4.95% -0.27%
1997 5.73% 0.66%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/algeria/sweden | CC BY

Over the past 28 years, Algeria has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 4.44%, compared with 1.76% in Sweden. In 2024, inflation was 4.05% in Algeria and 2.84% in Sweden.

Top exports between countries

Algeria
Export category Export value
Raw materials & minerals $6.17M
Raw agricultural goods $161K
Machinery & equipment $12K
Metals $4K
Sweden
Export category Export value
Wood & paper products $140M
Raw materials & minerals $47M
Chemicals & pharma $46.7M
Machinery & equipment $41.3M
Raw agricultural goods $11.6M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $8.53M
Metals $4.24M
Animal & marine products $3.31M
Textiles & consumer goods $887K
Weapons & explosives $85K

Balance of trade

Algeria Sweden
Current account balance
-$2.75B
2024
$35.8B
2024
Current account balance ranking
154/190
2024
17/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
-1.02%
2024
+5.92%
2024
Goods imports
$45.3B
2024
$188B
2024
Goods exports
$48.8B
2024
$218B
2024
Service imports
$9.13B
2024
$126B
2024
Service exports
$4.22B
2024
$116B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
20.3%
2024
51.6%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
19.9%
2024
54.3%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Algeria Sweden
Economic freedom 45.8 77.8
Economic freedom ranking 179/197 14/197
Property rights 27.7 96.2
Government integrity 29.4 91.6
Judicial effectiveness 30 95.6
Tax burden 80.3 51.6
Government spending 61.9 28.4
Fiscal health 15.4 97.5
Business freedom 59.3 84.8
Labor freedom 52.2 65.8
Monetary freedom 74.7 78.1
Trade freedom 58.8 79.4
Investment freedom 30 85
Financial freedom 30 80

Economic freedom comparison by year

Algeria
Sweden
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Algeria Sweden
2026 45.8 77.8
2025 47.5 77.9
2024 43.9 77.5
2023 43.2 77.5
2022 45.8 77.9
2021 49.7 74.7
2020 46.9 74.9
2019 46.2 75.2
2018 44.7 76.3
2017 46.5 74.9
2016 50.1 72
2015 48.9 72.7
2014 50.8 73.1
2013 49.6 72.9
2012 51 71.7
2011 52.4 71.9
2010 56.9 72.4
2009 56.6 70.5
2008 56.2 70.8
2007 55.4 69.3
2006 55.7 70.9
2005 53.2 69.8
2004 58.1 70.1
2003 57.7 70
2002 61 70.8
2001 57.3 66.6
2000 56.8 65.1
1999 57.2 64.2
1998 55.8 64
1997 54.9 63.3
1996 54.5 61.8
1995 55.7 61.4

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/algeria/sweden | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Algeria is 45.8, ranking 179/197, compared to 77.8 for Sweden, ranking 14/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Algeria Sweden
Services, % of GDP
46.8%
2024
66.4%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
36.2%
2024
21.7%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
14%
2024
1.42%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$252B
2024
$615B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$17,290
2024
$75,000
2024
Total reserves including gold
$83B
2024
$62.6B
2024
Total reserves ranking
31/177
2024
37/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
-$1.23B
2024
$2.08B
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$1.23B
2024
$27B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$265K
2024
$29.6B
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
0.17%
2024
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
5.5%
2011
16.1%
2022
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
41.1%
2024
25.4%
2024

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/algeria/sweden | CC BY

Compare countries by 7 more topics

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1800–1992, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2017–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.