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Economy of Congo vs Sweden compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

The Congo has a GDP of $15.7B compared to $604B for Sweden, ranking 141/197 and 26/197 by economy size, respectively.

The Congo has $15.4B in government debt (98% of GDP), compared to $199B (33% of GDP) in Sweden.

Congo vs Sweden GDP by year

Congo
Sweden
1x
Year GDP, current $
Congo Sweden
2024 $15,719,986,077 $603,715,224,266
2023 $15,321,055,823 $578,990,915,246
2022 $15,817,030,155 $575,071,237,641
2021 $14,825,690,211 $631,693,331,301
2020 $11,468,687,464 $544,265,668,452
2019 $13,976,637,780 $530,894,124,494
2018 $14,773,900,289 $549,649,344,043
2017 $11,834,473,039 $535,172,356,785
2016 $10,931,328,151 $513,058,312,951
2015 $12,434,793,867 $501,602,351,912
2014 $17,919,321,078 $577,727,767,304
2013 $17,958,720,699 $584,125,353,119
2012 $17,692,911,296 $549,739,674,655
2011 $15,655,383,577 $570,538,581,144
2010 $13,148,396,212 $492,750,897,239
2009 $9,723,299,915 $434,311,714,442
2008 $11,649,857,673 $514,614,100,833
2007 $8,782,703,437 $490,047,789,548
2006 $8,072,305,029 $422,528,394,459
2005 $6,650,001,680 $391,688,455,929
2004 $4,656,974,940 $384,545,442,175
2003 $3,503,723,088 $334,072,443,516
2002 $3,034,250,924 $267,371,907,447
2001 $2,796,704,604 $242,497,797,485
2000 $3,227,927,698 $262,903,560,280
1999 $2,354,772,960 $274,318,357,862
1998 $1,949,481,379 $270,887,306,759
1997 $2,322,719,103 $268,249,616,891
1996 $2,540,697,539 $291,949,597,375
1995 $2,116,003,868 $267,050,453,507
1994 $1,769,365,438 $228,699,066,874
1993 $2,684,323,623 $212,644,602,616
1992 $2,933,222,703 $283,908,914,454
1991 $2,724,853,506 $273,831,464,572
1990 $2,798,746,050 $261,466,577,009
1989 $2,389,593,026 $217,632,340,195
1988 $2,212,536,312 $206,686,590,776
1987 $2,297,753,652 $182,744,315,974
1986 $1,849,268,212 $150,279,869,729
1985 $2,160,872,540 $113,958,084,357
1984 $2,193,581,365 $109,043,045,407
1983 $2,097,274,290 $104,862,109,663
1982 $2,160,640,565 $114,214,731,799
1981 $1,993,512,323 $129,498,921,476
1980 $1,705,796,853 $141,886,067,004
1979 $1,198,749,667 $123,207,527,699
1978 $878,771,772 $104,290,933,496
1977 $765,224,029 $94,331,782,622
1976 $754,549,601 $89,232,517,046
1975 $767,102,680 $82,765,232,648
1974 $585,364,634 $65,917,634,590
1973 $541,973,363 $59,318,842,992
1972 $410,669,264 $48,883,173,400
1971 $322,128,019 $41,506,151,115
1970 $274,960,700 $38,037,226,668
1969 $265,040,036 $33,967,301,561
1968 $251,247,458 $31,277,871,669
1967 $237,397,428 $29,474,881,506
1966 $220,613,582 $27,154,716,721
1965 $198,318,064 $24,963,947,415
1964 $185,693,725 $22,685,490,195
1963 $172,233,431 $20,342,131,882
1962 $166,521,240 $18,794,066,990
1961 $151,675,739 $17,329,620,585
1960 $131,731,863 $15,930,075,467

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/congo/sweden | CC BY

GDP per capita in Congo vs Sweden by year

Congo
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Sweden
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Congo Sweden
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $2,482 $7,026 $57,117 $71,845
2023 $2,478 $6,850 $54,950 $69,226
2022 $2,621 $6,647 $54,837 $67,076
2021 $2,516 $6,263 $60,648 $62,732
2020 $1,994 $4,771 $52,569 $57,489
2019 $2,488 $5,720 $51,649 $57,046
2018 $2,694 $5,593 $54,018 $53,122
2017 $2,212 $4,445 $53,210 $51,474
2016 $2,093 $4,016 $51,704 $50,290
2015 $2,439 $4,715 $51,188 $48,772
2014 $3,601 $5,733 $59,583 $46,841
2013 $3,697 $5,834 $60,844 $46,098
2012 $3,732 $6,058 $57,750 $45,207
2011 $3,396 $5,175 $60,379 $44,333
2010 $2,947 $5,125 $52,543 $41,951
2009 $2,271 $4,801 $46,708 $40,094
2008 $2,832 $4,448 $55,817 $41,907
2007 $2,206 $4,243 $53,568 $40,813
2006 $2,104 $4,588 $46,531 $37,672
2005 $1,799 $4,279 $43,378 $34,198
2004 $1,306 $3,992 $42,758 $33,805
2003 $1,017 $3,887 $37,292 $31,788
2002 $906 $3,888 $29,958 $30,987
2001 $855 $3,748 $27,259 $29,946
2000 $1,024 $3,667 $29,633 $29,636
1999 $776 $3,464 $30,969 $27,496
1998 $660 $3,602 $30,605 $25,897
1997 $804 $3,510 $30,324 $24,817
1996 $899 $3,547 $33,022 $23,952
1995 $770 $3,434 $30,254 $23,084
1994 $662 $3,327 $26,046 $21,835
1993 $1,034 $3,550 $24,390 $20,700
1992 $1,164 $3,608 $32,753 $20,767
1991 $1,113 $3,536 $31,777 $20,663
1990 $1,176 $3,437 $30,549 $20,357
1989 $1,033 - $25,625 -
1988 $984 - $24,499 -
1987 $1,052 - $21,761 -
1986 $872 - $17,955 -
1985 $1,049 - $13,647 -
1984 $1,097 - $13,080 -
1983 $1,075 - $12,590 -
1982 $1,131 - $13,719 -
1981 $1,066 - $15,564 -
1980 $933 - $17,073 -
1979 $670 - $14,856 -
1978 $503 - $12,602 -
1977 $448 - $11,432 -
1976 $453 - $10,853 -
1975 $471 - $10,103 -
1974 $370 - $8,078 -
1973 $353 - $7,291 -
1972 $276.3 - $6,018 -
1971 $223.5 - $5,125 -
1970 $196.7 - $4,729 -
1969 $195.4 - $4,263 -
1968 $190.8 - $3,953 -
1967 $185.7 - $3,746 -
1966 $177.6 - $3,478 -
1965 $164.2 - $3,228 -
1964 $158.1 - $2,961 -
1963 $150.7 - $2,675 -
1962 $149.6 - $2,485 -
1961 $139.9 - $2,304 -
1960 $124.7 - $2,128 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/congo/sweden | CC BY

The Congo's GDP per capita is $2,482, ranking 149/197, compared to $57,117 in Sweden, ranking 17/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), the Congo ranks 148th at $7,026, while Sweden ranks 23rd at $71,845.

Economic indicators

Congo Sweden
Gross domestic product
$15.7B
2024
$604B
2024
GDP rank
141/197
2024
26/197
2024
GDP growth
2.58%
2023-2024
0.82%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$2,482
2024
$57,117
2024
GDP per capita rank
149/197
2024
17/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$7,026
2024
$71,845
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
148/197
2024
23/197
2024
Government debt
$15.4B
2024
$199B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
98%
2024
33%
2024
Government debt per person
$2,433
2024
$18,842
2024
Government debt per person rank
112/185
2024
32/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$2,153
2026
$42,066
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies n/a
$290B
2003
Number of millionaires n/a
490,000
2025
Number of billionaires n/a
45
2025
Income share by richest 10%
37.9%
2011
22.3%
2023
Income share by poorest 10%
1.6%
2011
2.8%
2023
Government expenditure, % of GDP
21.7%
2024
49.3%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
3.1%
2023-2024
2.84%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate n/a
1.75%
2025
Unemployment rate
10%
2012
8.31%
2024
Population
6681829
10680056

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Congo
Spending

Debt
Sweden
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Congo Sweden
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 21.7% 98% 49.3% 33%
2023 20.7% 102.9% 48.9% 31.8%
2022 22.8% 93.5% 48.3% 33.9%
2021 20.9% 97.8% 49.3% 37%
2020 21.1% 102.5% 52% 40.2%
2019 20.2% 77.6% 48.8% 35.8%
2018 17.8% 71.2% 49.8% 39.9%
2017 26.6% 88.5% 49.2% 41.6%
2016 38.8% 84.6% 49.5% 42.9%
2015 41.3% 74.2% 49.4% 44.5%
2014 48.6% 42.3% 50.7% 45.7%
2013 42.4% 33.9% 51.4% 40.8%
2012 30.7% 30.2% 50.2% 38%
2011 27.9% 34.4% 49.1% 37.7%
2010 23% 43.5% 49.7% 38.6%
2009 24.4% 83.8% 51.7% 41.2%
2008 24.2% 69.6% 49.4% 38%
2007 28.6% 93.8% 48.5% 39.2%
2006 26.6% 94.7% 50.1% 43.8%
2005 22.1% 99.8% 51.2% 48.9%
2004 24.4% 122.6% 51.7% 48.7%
2003 27% 185.3% 53% 49.4%
2002 32.1% 163.5% 52.7% 49.8%
2001 29.1% 180.1% 51.7% 52%
2000 22.6% 145% 52.2% 50.4%
1999 28.8% 0% 55.2% 60.3%
1998 25.1% 0% 55.6% 65.4%
1997 22.2% 0% 57.9% 67.7%
1996 15.7% 0% 60% 68.9%
1995 27.6% 0% 62.1% 68.7%
1994 30.7% 0% 65.3% 68.6%
1993 32.8% 0% 67.9% 66.1%
1992 32.8% 0% 66.5% 45.7%
1991 34.1% 0% 61.2% 40.2%
1990 30.4% 0% 57.5% 40.3%
1989 20.3% 151.7% 35.8% 44.8%
1988 - - 37.9% 50.3%
1987 - - 40.9% 56%
1986 - - 42.1% 59.5%
1985 - - 47.6% 61.2%
1984 - - 46.7% 57.5%
1983 - - 48.6% 54.5%
1982 - - 46.4% 47.9%
1981 - - 46.1% 41.5%
1980 - - 41% 34.4%
1979 - - 39.9% 28.3%
1978 - - 39.1% 24%
1977 - - 35.7% 21%
1976 - - 32.3% 19%
1975 - - 30.6% 19.9%
1974 - - 30.1% 19.4%
1973 - - 31.1% 18%
1972 - - 31.9% 17.2%
1971 - - 29.8% 16.9%
1970 - - 29.5% 16.9%
1969 - - 28.7% 17.6%
1968 - - 28.3% 17.6%
1967 - - 27.7% 16.1%
1966 - - 26.5% 15.3%
1965 - - 24.6% 17%
1964 - - 23.4% 18.7%
1963 - - 24.4% 20.7%
1962 - - 23.4% 23%
1961 - - 23.7% 26%
1960 - - 24.4% 28.6%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1992, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/congo/sweden | CC BY

In 2024, the Congo's government spending was $3.4B, accounting for 21.7% of its GDP, while Sweden spent $298B, or 49.3% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 98% in the Congo and 33% in Sweden, ranking 25/185 and 148/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Congo

Sweden
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Congo Sweden
2024 3.62% -1.72%
2023 5.81% -0.63%
2022 8.94% 1%
2021 1.63% -0.15%
2020 -1.1% -3.18%
2019 4.3% 0.44%
2018 5.22% 0.67%
2017 -5.57% 1.29%
2016 -14.5% 0.86%
2015 -17.8% -0.27%
2014 -10.7% -1.84%
2013 -2.85% -1.63%
2012 7.24% -1.19%
2011 16.1% -0.41%
2010 15.5% -0.14%
2009 4.76% -0.89%
2008 23.9% 1.87%
2007 8.99% 3.37%
2006 16% 2.2%
2005 13.4% 2.08%
2004 3.33% 0.17%
2003 0.37% -1.25%
2002 -7.34% -1.46%
2001 -0.71% 1.37%
2000 1.05% 3.11%
1999 -4.75% 0.6%
1998 -5.16% 0.82%
1997 3.67% -1.57%
1996 9.2% -3.11%
1995 -6.38% -7.01%
1994 -10.6% -8.77%
1993 -11.3% -10.9%
1992 -12.7% -8.51%
1991 -11.2% 0.28%
1990 -4.1% 3.7%
1989 0.78% 1.5%
1988 - -0.64%
1987 - -2%
1986 - -6.21%
1985 - -9.91%
1984 - -12.1%
1983 - -15.1%
1982 - -13.4%
1981 - -12.8%
1980 - -11.5%
1979 - -9.95%
1978 - -7.32%
1977 - -3.32%
1976 - -1.27%
1975 - -4.05%
1974 - -4.12%
1973 - -3.28%
1972 - -2.17%
1971 - -1.67%
1970 - -2.64%
1969 - -2.03%
1968 - -2.37%
1967 - -1.41%
1966 - -0.33%
1965 - -0.17%
1964 - -0.1%
1963 - 0.41%
1962 - 0.7%
1961 - 0.56%
1960 - -2.67%
1959 - -2.53%
1958 - -2.31%
1957 - -2.1%
1956 - -1.21%
1955 - -1.72%
1954 - -1.52%
1953 - -2.47%
1952 - -0.16%
1951 - -0.9%
1950 - -1.64%
1949 - -0.74%
1948 - 0.29%
1947 - -1.08%
1946 - -0.61%
1945 - -8.04%
1944 - -8.66%
1943 - -10.7%
1942 - -11.8%
1941 - -13.1%
1940 - -8.16%
1939 - -1.13%
1938 - -0.07%
1937 - 0.46%
1936 - -0.64%
1935 - -2.19%
1934 - -1.88%
1933 - -4.1%
1932 - -1.56%
1931 - -0.05%
1930 - 0.09%
1929 - -0.39%
1928 - -0.06%
1927 - -1.14%
1926 - -1.11%
1925 - -1.44%
1924 - -0.99%
1923 - -1.65%
1922 - -3.17%
1921 - -3.55%
1920 - -0.6%
1919 - 0.17%
1918 - -8.59%
1917 - -0.26%
1916 - -0.23%
1915 - -0.94%
1914 - -0.55%
1913 - -0.17%
1912 - -0.51%
1911 - -0.87%
1910 - -0.81%
1909 - -2.08%
1908 - -2.27%
1907 - -0.68%
1906 - -0.66%
1905 - -0.34%
1904 - -0.56%
1903 - 0.08%
1902 - -1.57%
1901 - -1.34%
1900 - -0.32%
1899 - 0.57%
1898 - 0.91%
1897 - 1.09%
1896 - -0.59%
1895 - 1%
1894 - 0.47%
1893 - -0.49%
1892 - -0.68%
1891 - -0.6%
1890 - 0.33%
1889 - 0.19%
1888 - -0.05%
1887 - -1.5%
1886 - -0.98%
1885 - -0.08%
1884 - 0.24%
1883 - 0.16%
1882 - 0.36%
1881 - -0.17%
1880 - -0.47%
1879 - -1.89%
1878 - -2.04%
1877 - -1.21%
1876 - -1.07%
1875 - -1.26%
1874 - -1.05%
1873 - 0.06%
1872 - -0.15%
1871 - 0.22%
1870 - -0.42%
1869 - -1.52%
1868 - -1.67%
1867 - -1.17%
1866 - -3.01%
1865 - -2.02%
1864 - -2.3%
1863 - -1.58%
1862 - -1.35%
1861 - -1.11%
1860 - -2.03%
1859 - -2.17%
1858 - -2.36%
1857 - -0.62%
1856 - -0.08%
1855 - -0.09%
1854 - -0.19%
1853 - 0.17%
1852 - -0.31%
1851 - -0.07%
1850 - 0.004%
1849 - 0.09%
1848 - 0.12%
1847 - 0.08%
1846 - 0.13%
1845 - 0.04%
1844 - 0.009%
1843 - 0.05%
1842 - -0.12%
1841 - 0.06%
1840 - -0.01%
1839 - -0.006%
1838 - 0.09%
1837 - -0.38%
1836 - -0.08%
1835 - 0.08%
1834 - -0.12%
1833 - 0.09%
1832 - 0.01%
1831 - -0.1%
1830 - -0.45%
1829 - 2.7%
1828 - 0.03%
1827 - -0.16%
1826 - 0.37%
1825 - 0.18%
1824 - -0.23%
1823 - 0.37%
1822 - -0.03%
1821 - -0.49%
1820 - 0.26%
1819 - 0.09%
1818 - 0.35%
1817 - 0.35%
1816 - 0.16%
1815 - 2.34%
1814 - -0.45%
1813 - -0.37%
1812 - 3.47%
1811 - -0.48%
1810 - -3.05%
1809 - -7.65%
1808 - -5.04%
1807 - 0.1%
1806 - 0.55%
1805 - 0.52%
1804 - -0.25%
1803 - 11.6%
1802 - 2.17%
1801 - 0.01%
1800 - -0.44%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1800–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/congo/sweden | CC BY

In 2024, the Congo's government surplus, the difference between spending and revenue, was $568M, equivalent to 3.62% of GDP. This compares to Sweden's deficit of $10.4B, or 1.72% of GDP.

Over the past 36 years, the Congo recorded a fiscal deficit in 16 of those years, while Sweden ran a deficit in 19 years. On average, the Congo posted an annual surplus equal to 0.75% of GDP, compared to deficit of 0.81% of GDP for Sweden.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Congo

Sweden
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Congo Sweden
2024 3.1% 2.84%
2023 4.3% 8.55%
2022 3% 8.37%
2021 2% 2.16%
2020 1.4% 0.5%
2019 0.4% 1.78%
2018 1.2% 1.95%
2017 0.4% 1.79%
2016 3.2% 0.98%
2015 3.2% -0.05%
2014 0.9% -0.18%
2013 4.6% -0.04%
2012 5% 0.89%
2011 1.8% 2.96%
2010 0.4% 1.16%
2009 4.3% -0.49%
2008 6% 3.44%
2007 2.6% 2.21%
2006 4.7% 1.36%
2005 2.5% 0.45%
2004 3.7% 0.37%
2003 1.7% 1.93%
2002 3% 2.16%
2001 0.8% 2.41%
2000 0.5% 0.9%
1999 3% 0.46%
1998 2.2% -0.27%
1997 12.7% 0.66%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | World Economic Outlook (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/congo/sweden | CC BY

Over the past 28 years, the Congo has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 2.95%, compared with 1.76% in Sweden. In 2024, inflation was 3.1% in the Congo and 2.84% in Sweden.

Top exports between countries

Congo
Export category Export value
Animal & marine products $2K
Sweden
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $16.9M
Metals $2.04M
Textiles & consumer goods $1.74M
Animal & marine products $1.23M
Chemicals & pharma $765K
Raw materials & minerals $569K
Raw agricultural goods $154K
Wood & paper products $46K
Miscellaneous $2K

Balance of trade

Congo Sweden
Current account balance
$1.72B
2021
$35.8B
2024
Current account balance ranking
48/190
2021
17/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
+11.6%
2021
+5.92%
2024
Goods imports
$2.78B
2021
$188B
2024
Goods exports
$7.51B
2021
$218B
2024
Service imports
$1.71B
2021
$126B
2024
Service exports
$240M
2021
$116B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
40.4%
2024
51.6%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
52.8%
2024
54.3%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Congo Sweden
Economic freedom 48.6 77.8
Economic freedom ranking 169/197 14/197
Property rights 28.7 96.2
Government integrity 13.9 91.6
Judicial effectiveness 15.4 95.6
Tax burden 73.7 51.6
Government spending 85.8 28.4
Fiscal health 80.8 97.5
Business freedom 35.8 84.8
Labor freedom 52.4 65.8
Monetary freedom 78.4 78.1
Trade freedom 52.8 79.4
Investment freedom 35 85
Financial freedom 30 80

Economic freedom comparison by year

Congo
Sweden
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Congo Sweden
2026 48.6 77.8
2025 48.6 77.9
2024 47.8 77.5
2023 48.1 77.5
2022 48.5 77.9
2021 50.7 74.7
2020 41.8 74.9
2019 39.7 75.2
2018 38.9 76.3
2017 40 74.9
2016 42.8 72
2015 42.7 72.7
2014 43.7 73.1
2013 43.5 72.9
2012 43.8 71.7
2011 43.6 71.9
2010 43.2 72.4
2009 45.4 70.5
2008 45.3 70.8
2007 44.4 69.3
2006 43.8 70.9
2005 46.2 69.8
2004 45.9 70.1
2003 47.7 70
2002 45.3 70.8
2001 44.3 66.6
2000 40.6 65.1
1999 41.6 64.2
1998 33.8 64
1997 42.2 63.3
1996 40.3 61.8
1995 - 61.4

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/congo/sweden | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for the Congo is 48.6, ranking 169/197, compared to 77.8 for Sweden, ranking 14/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Congo Sweden
Services, % of GDP
45%
2024
66.4%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
40.1%
2024
21.7%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
9.44%
2024
1.42%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$14.4B
2024
$615B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$6,340
2024
$75,000
2024
Total reserves including gold
$715M
2023
$62.6B
2024
Total reserves ranking
148/177
2023
37/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
$330M
2021
$2.08B
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$604M
2024
$27B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$25.4M
2024
$29.6B
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
7.67%
2024
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
40.9%
2011
16.1%
2022
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
26.8%
2024
25.4%
2024

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/congo/sweden | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1800–1992, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2021–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.