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Economy of Saint Vincent vs Sweden compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank

Saint Vincent has a GDP of $1.26B compared to $669B for Sweden, ranking 187/197 and 26/197 by economy size, respectively.

Saint Vincent has $1.42B in government debt (113.4% of GDP), compared to $234B (34.9% of GDP) in Sweden.

Saint Vincent vs Sweden GDP by year

Saint Vincent
Sweden
1x
Year GDP, current $
Saint Vincent Sweden
2025 $1,255,222,222 $668,998,664,082
2024 $1,157,207,407 $604,827,393,489
2023 $1,072,237,037 $578,990,915,246
2022 $989,188,889 $575,071,237,641
2021 $888,677,778 $631,693,331,301
2020 $864,566,667 $544,265,668,452
2019 $910,481,481 $530,894,124,494
2018 $884,329,630 $549,649,344,043
2017 $844,040,741 $535,172,356,785
2016 $814,303,704 $513,058,312,951
2015 $786,555,556 $501,602,351,912
2014 $770,900,000 $577,727,767,304
2013 $764,781,259 $584,125,353,119
2012 $730,032,593 $549,739,674,655
2011 $713,796,370 $570,538,581,144
2010 $720,447,889 $492,750,897,239
2009 $714,300,259 $434,311,714,442
2008 $732,663,259 $514,614,100,833
2007 $713,596,667 $490,047,789,548
2006 $643,501,148 $422,528,394,459
2005 $579,948,926 $391,688,455,929
2004 $549,900,185 $384,545,442,175
2003 $509,090,889 $334,072,443,516
2002 $487,763,852 $267,371,907,447
2001 $462,072,333 $242,497,797,485
2000 $427,946,037 $262,903,560,280
1999 $390,718,519 $274,318,357,862
1998 $373,618,519 $270,887,306,759
1997 $347,770,370 $268,249,616,891
1996 $331,488,889 $291,949,597,375
1995 $316,007,407 $267,050,453,507
1994 $289,437,037 $228,699,066,874
1993 $286,307,407 $212,644,602,616
1992 $277,955,556 $283,908,914,454
1991 $254,829,630 $273,831,464,572
1990 $240,366,667 $261,466,577,009
1989 $214,745,002 $217,632,340,195
1988 $200,726,713 $206,686,590,776
1987 $175,580,647 $182,744,315,974
1986 $160,846,657 $150,279,869,729
1985 $145,641,705 $113,958,084,357
1984 $135,024,988 $109,043,045,407
1983 $122,255,350 $104,862,109,663
1982 $113,759,203 $114,214,731,799
1981 $102,086,539 $129,498,921,476
1980 $82,340,340 $141,886,067,004
1979 $71,096,360 $123,207,527,699
1978 $60,844,771 $104,290,933,496
1977 $49,353,162 $94,331,782,622
1976 $32,792,845 $89,232,517,046
1975 $33,237,226 $82,765,232,648
1974 $32,923,703 $65,917,634,590
1973 $30,165,081 $59,318,842,992
1972 $27,585,805 $48,883,173,400
1971 $20,051,922 $41,506,151,115
1970 $18,450,000 $38,037,226,668
1969 $16,650,000 $33,967,301,561
1968 $15,350,000 $31,277,871,669
1967 $15,835,106 $29,474,881,506
1966 $16,099,960 $27,154,716,721
1965 $15,108,296 $24,963,947,415
1964 $14,758,296 $22,685,490,195
1963 $13,708,299 $20,342,131,882
1962 $14,524,964 $18,794,066,990
1961 $13,999,965 $17,329,620,585
1960 $13,066,634 $15,930,075,467

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/saint-vincent/sweden | CC BY

GDP per capita in Saint Vincent vs Sweden by year

Saint Vincent
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Sweden
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Saint Vincent Sweden
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2025 $12,562 - $63,133 -
2024 $11,501 $21,272 $57,223 $71,845
2023 $10,582 $19,820 $54,950 $69,226
2022 $9,694 $18,035 $54,837 $67,076
2021 $8,641 $16,201 $60,648 $62,732
2020 $8,351 $15,337 $52,569 $57,489
2019 $8,741 $15,340 $51,649 $57,046
2018 $8,428 $14,690 $54,018 $53,122
2017 $7,988 $13,575 $53,210 $51,474
2016 $7,657 $13,493 $51,704 $50,290
2015 $7,354 $12,379 $51,188 $48,772
2014 $7,169 $12,136 $59,583 $46,841
2013 $7,072 $11,625 $60,844 $46,098
2012 $6,714 $10,989 $57,750 $45,207
2011 $6,528 $10,774 $60,379 $44,333
2010 $6,552 $10,561 $52,543 $41,951
2009 $6,464 $10,869 $46,708 $40,094
2008 $6,599 $10,902 $55,817 $41,907
2007 $6,398 $10,604 $53,568 $40,813
2006 $5,745 $9,949 $46,531 $37,672
2005 $5,157 $8,986 $43,378 $34,198
2004 $4,873 $8,472 $42,758 $33,805
2003 $4,500 $7,903 $37,292 $31,788
2002 $4,303 $7,250 $29,958 $30,987
2001 $4,071 $6,768 $27,259 $29,946
2000 $3,769 $6,503 $29,633 $29,636
1999 $3,447 $6,266 $30,969 $27,496
1998 $3,301 $6,026 $30,605 $25,897
1997 $3,074 $5,726 $30,324 $24,817
1996 $2,930 $5,440 $33,022 $23,952
1995 $2,795 $5,277 $30,254 $23,084
1994 $2,563 $4,802 $26,046 $21,835
1993 $2,540 $4,769 $24,390 $20,700
1992 $2,471 $4,477 $32,753 $20,767
1991 $2,271 $4,126 $31,777 $20,663
1990 $2,150 $3,960 $30,549 $20,357
1989 $1,930 - $25,625 -
1988 $1,814 - $24,499 -
1987 $1,596 - $21,761 -
1986 $1,472 - $17,955 -
1985 $1,342 - $13,647 -
1984 $1,254 - $13,080 -
1983 $1,144 - $12,590 -
1982 $1,074 - $13,719 -
1981 $972 - $15,564 -
1980 $790 - $17,073 -
1979 $687 - $14,856 -
1978 $592 - $12,602 -
1977 $484 - $11,432 -
1976 $324 - $10,853 -
1975 $331 - $10,103 -
1974 $331 - $8,078 -
1973 $306 - $7,291 -
1972 $282.1 - $6,018 -
1971 $207 - $5,125 -
1970 $192.3 - $4,729 -
1969 $175.2 - $4,263 -
1968 $163.1 - $3,953 -
1967 $170 - $3,746 -
1966 $174.9 - $3,478 -
1965 $166.2 - $3,228 -
1964 $164.4 - $2,961 -
1963 $154.9 - $2,675 -
1962 $166.5 - $2,485 -
1961 $163 - $2,304 -
1960 $154.8 - $2,128 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/saint-vincent/sweden | CC BY

Saint Vincent's GDP per capita is $12,562, ranking 81/197, compared to $63,133 in Sweden, ranking 15/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Saint Vincent ranks 92nd at $21,272, while Sweden ranks 23rd at $71,845.

Economic indicators

Saint Vincent Sweden
Gross domestic product
$1.26B
2025
$669B
2025
GDP rank
187/197
2025
26/197
2025
GDP growth
3.39%
2024-2025
1.54%
2024-2025
GDP per capita
$12,562
2025
$63,133
2025
GDP per capita rank
81/197
2025
15/197
2025
GDP per capita, PPP
$21,272
2024
$71,845
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
92/197
2024
23/197
2024
Government debt
$1.42B
2025
$234B
2025
Debt-to-GDP ratio
113.4%
2025
34.9%
2025
Government debt per person
$14,247
2025
$22,057
2025
Government debt per person rank
46/185
2025
31/185
2025
Average annual personal income after taxes
$12,810
2026
$40,083
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies n/a
$290B
2003
Number of millionaires n/a
507,000
2026
Number of billionaires n/a
50
2026
Income share by richest 10% n/a
22.3%
2023
Income share by poorest 10% n/a
2.8%
2023
Government expenditure, % of GDP
41%
2025
49.4%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
0.82%
2024-2025
0.68%
2024-2025
Central bank interest rate n/a
1.75%
2025
Unemployment rate
18.8%
2008
8.8%
2025
Population
99243
10665077

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Saint Vincent
Spending

Debt
Sweden
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Saint Vincent Sweden
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2025 41% 113.4% 49.4% 34.9%
2024 43.9% 102.8% 49.3% 33.9%
2023 39.7% 91.3% 48.9% 32.1%
2022 36.6% 88.6% 48.3% 34.2%
2021 37.2% 88.3% 49.3% 37.3%
2020 32.9% 81.7% 52% 40.4%
2019 29.1% 68% 48.8% 35.8%
2018 26.3% 69.3% 49.8% 39.9%
2017 26.6% 69.5% 49.2% 41.6%
2016 27.1% 78.1% 49.5% 42.9%
2015 27.6% 76% 49.4% 44.5%
2014 30.4% 75.1% 50.7% 45.7%
2013 29.5% 70% 51.4% 40.8%
2012 26.3% 67.8% 50.2% 38%
2011 29.4% 64% 49.1% 37.7%
2010 31.1% 61.1% 49.7% 38.6%
2009 31% 57.2% 51.7% 41.2%
2008 28.3% 50.2% 49.4% 37.9%
2007 27.1% 48.4% 48.5% 39.2%
2006 26.1% 44.7% 50.1% 43.8%
2005 26.7% 50.5% 51.2% 48.9%
2004 24.9% 58.5% 51.7% 48.7%
2003 26% 55.3% 53% 49.5%
2002 25.7% 53.2% 52.7% 49.9%
2001 24.4% 51.9% 51.7% 52%
2000 23.8% 54.2% 52.2% 50.4%
1999 25.5% 53.4% 55.2% 60.3%
1998 25.4% 39.9% 55.6% 65.4%
1997 26.4% 39.3% 57.9% 67.7%
1996 21.2% 41.2% 60% 68.9%
1995 20.3% 47.6% 62.1% 68.7%
1994 23% 54.2% 65.3% 68.6%
1993 22.8% 49.3% 67.9% 66.1%
1992 25.9% 50.7% 66.5% 45.7%
1991 26.2% 53.5% 61.2% 40.2%
1990 23.7% 55.3% 57.5% 40.3%
1989 27.6% - 35.8% 44.8%
1988 24.8% - 37.9% 50.3%
1987 23.7% - 40.9% 56%
1986 22.3% - 42.1% 59.5%
1985 21.4% - 47.6% 61.2%
1984 23.1% - 46.7% 57.5%
1983 - - 48.6% 54.5%
1982 - - 46.4% 47.9%
1981 - - 46.1% 41.5%
1980 - - 41% 34.4%
1979 - - 39.9% 28.3%
1978 - - 39.1% 24%
1977 - - 35.7% 21%
1976 - - 32.3% 19%
1975 - - 30.6% 19.9%
1974 - - 30.1% 19.4%
1973 - - 31.1% 18%
1972 - - 31.9% 17.2%
1971 - - 29.8% 16.9%
1970 - - 29.5% 16.9%
1969 - - 28.7% 17.6%
1968 - - 28.3% 17.6%
1967 - - 27.7% 16.1%
1966 - - 26.5% 15.3%
1965 - - 24.6% 17%
1964 - - 23.4% 18.7%
1963 - - 24.4% 20.7%
1962 - - 23.4% 23%
1961 - - 23.7% 26%
1960 - - 24.4% 28.6%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1992, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/saint-vincent/sweden | CC BY

In 2025, Saint Vincent's government spending was $515M, accounting for 41% of its GDP, while Sweden spent $331B, or 49.4% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 113.4% in Saint Vincent and 34.9% in Sweden, ranking 15/185 and 144/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Saint Vincent

Sweden
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Saint Vincent Sweden
2025 -12.3% -1.41%
2024 -16% -1.5%
2023 -12.5% -0.63%
2022 -9.35% 1%
2021 -7.19% -0.15%
2020 -5.92% -3.18%
2019 -3.45% 0.44%
2018 -1.65% 0.67%
2017 -1.56% 1.29%
2016 0.04% 0.86%
2015 -2.01% -0.27%
2014 -2.82% -1.84%
2013 -5.82% -1.63%
2012 -1.8% -1.19%
2011 -3.5% -0.41%
2010 -3.69% -0.14%
2009 -2.85% -0.89%
2008 -1.29% 1.87%
2007 -3.07% 3.37%
2006 -3.12% 2.2%
2005 -4.3% 2.08%
2004 -2.71% 0.17%
2003 -2.51% -1.25%
2002 -2% -1.46%
2001 -1.6% 1.37%
2000 -0.82% 3.11%
1999 -1.95% 0.6%
1998 -1.82% 0.82%
1997 -2.81% -1.57%
1996 1.58% -3.11%
1995 1.1% -7.01%
1994 0.12% -8.77%
1993 -1.5% -10.9%
1992 -3.32% -8.51%
1991 -0.49% 0.28%
1990 1.73% 3.7%
1989 -1.92% 1.5%
1988 0.59% -0.64%
1987 1.1% -2%
1986 2.32% -6.21%
1985 4.23% -9.91%
1984 2.5% -12.1%
1983 - -15.1%
1982 - -13.4%
1981 - -12.8%
1980 - -11.5%
1979 - -9.95%
1978 - -7.32%
1977 - -3.32%
1976 - -1.27%
1975 - -4.05%
1974 - -4.12%
1973 - -3.28%
1972 - -2.17%
1971 - -1.67%
1970 - -2.64%
1969 - -2.03%
1968 - -2.37%
1967 - -1.41%
1966 - -0.33%
1965 - -0.17%
1964 - -0.1%
1963 - 0.41%
1962 - 0.7%
1961 - 0.56%
1960 - -2.67%
1959 - -2.53%
1958 - -2.31%
1957 - -2.1%
1956 - -1.21%
1955 - -1.72%
1954 - -1.52%
1953 - -2.47%
1952 - -0.16%
1951 - -0.9%
1950 - -1.64%
1949 - -0.74%
1948 - 0.29%
1947 - -1.08%
1946 - -0.61%
1945 - -8.04%
1944 - -8.66%
1943 - -10.7%
1942 - -11.8%
1941 - -13.1%
1940 - -8.16%
1939 - -1.13%
1938 - -0.07%
1937 - 0.46%
1936 - -0.64%
1935 - -2.19%
1934 - -1.88%
1933 - -4.1%
1932 - -1.56%
1931 - -0.05%
1930 - 0.09%
1929 - -0.39%
1928 - -0.06%
1927 - -1.14%
1926 - -1.11%
1925 - -1.44%
1924 - -0.99%
1923 - -1.65%
1922 - -3.17%
1921 - -3.55%
1920 - -0.6%
1919 - 0.17%
1918 - -8.59%
1917 - -0.26%
1916 - -0.23%
1915 - -0.94%
1914 - -0.55%
1913 - -0.17%
1912 - -0.51%
1911 - -0.87%
1910 - -0.81%
1909 - -2.08%
1908 - -2.27%
1907 - -0.68%
1906 - -0.66%
1905 - -0.34%
1904 - -0.56%
1903 - 0.08%
1902 - -1.57%
1901 - -1.34%
1900 - -0.32%
1899 - 0.57%
1898 - 0.91%
1897 - 1.09%
1896 - -0.59%
1895 - 1%
1894 - 0.47%
1893 - -0.49%
1892 - -0.68%
1891 - -0.6%
1890 - 0.33%
1889 - 0.19%
1888 - -0.05%
1887 - -1.5%
1886 - -0.98%
1885 - -0.08%
1884 - 0.24%
1883 - 0.16%
1882 - 0.36%
1881 - -0.17%
1880 - -0.47%
1879 - -1.89%
1878 - -2.04%
1877 - -1.21%
1876 - -1.07%
1875 - -1.26%
1874 - -1.05%
1873 - 0.06%
1872 - -0.15%
1871 - 0.22%
1870 - -0.42%
1869 - -1.52%
1868 - -1.67%
1867 - -1.17%
1866 - -3.01%
1865 - -2.02%
1864 - -2.3%
1863 - -1.58%
1862 - -1.35%
1861 - -1.11%
1860 - -2.03%
1859 - -2.17%
1858 - -2.36%
1857 - -0.62%
1856 - -0.08%
1855 - -0.09%
1854 - -0.19%
1853 - 0.17%
1852 - -0.31%
1851 - -0.07%
1850 - 0.004%
1849 - 0.09%
1848 - 0.12%
1847 - 0.08%
1846 - 0.13%
1845 - 0.04%
1844 - 0.009%
1843 - 0.05%
1842 - -0.12%
1841 - 0.06%
1840 - -0.01%
1839 - -0.006%
1838 - 0.09%
1837 - -0.38%
1836 - -0.08%
1835 - 0.08%
1834 - -0.12%
1833 - 0.09%
1832 - 0.01%
1831 - -0.1%
1830 - -0.45%
1829 - 2.7%
1828 - 0.03%
1827 - -0.16%
1826 - 0.37%
1825 - 0.18%
1824 - -0.23%
1823 - 0.37%
1822 - -0.03%
1821 - -0.49%
1820 - 0.26%
1819 - 0.09%
1818 - 0.35%
1817 - 0.35%
1816 - 0.16%
1815 - 2.34%
1814 - -0.45%
1813 - -0.37%
1812 - 3.47%
1811 - -0.48%
1810 - -3.05%
1809 - -7.65%
1808 - -5.04%
1807 - 0.1%
1806 - 0.55%
1805 - 0.52%
1804 - -0.25%
1803 - 11.6%
1802 - 2.17%
1801 - 0.01%
1800 - -0.44%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1800–1989, retrieved 2026-07-08); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/saint-vincent/sweden | CC BY

In 2025, Saint Vincent's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $155M, equivalent to 12.3% of GDP. This compares to Sweden's deficit of $9.43B, or 1.41% of GDP.

Over the past 42 years, Saint Vincent recorded a fiscal deficit in 32 of those years, while Sweden ran a deficit in 25 years. On average, Saint Vincent posted an annual deficit equal to 2.68% of GDP, compared to deficit of 1.46% of GDP for Sweden.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Saint Vincent

Sweden
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Saint Vincent Sweden
2025 0.82% 0.68%
2024 3.63% 2.84%
2023 4.56% 8.55%
2022 5.66% 8.37%
2021 1.57% 2.16%
2020 -0.63% 0.5%
2019 0.91% 1.78%
2018 2.32% 1.95%
2017 2.15% 1.79%
2016 -0.15% 0.98%
2015 -1.73% -0.05%
2014 0.19% -0.18%
2013 0.81% -0.04%
2012 2.6% 0.89%
2011 3.19% 2.96%
2010 0.75% 1.16%
2009 0.42% -0.49%
2008 10.1% 3.44%
2007 7.24% 2.21%
2006 2.74% 1.36%
2005 3.73% 0.45%
2004 2.96% 0.37%
2003 0.21% 1.93%
2002 1.86% 2.16%
2001 0.9% 2.41%
2000 0.17% 0.9%
1999 1.01% 0.46%
1998 2.14% -0.27%
1997 0.44% 0.66%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/saint-vincent/sweden | CC BY

Over the past 29 years, Saint Vincent has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 2.09%, compared with 1.72% in Sweden. In 2025, inflation was 0.82% in Saint Vincent and 0.68% in Sweden.

Top exports between countries

Saint Vincent
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $238K
Sweden
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $426K
Chemicals & pharma $51K
Textiles & consumer goods $28K
Miscellaneous $4K
Raw materials & minerals $2K
Wood & paper products $2K
Metals $1K

Balance of trade

Saint Vincent Sweden
Current account balance
-$202M
2025
$40.5B
2025
Current account balance ranking
92/190
2025
15/190
2025
Current account balance, % of GDP
-16.1%
2025
+6.06%
2025
Goods imports
$458M
2025
$201B
2025
Goods exports
$52M
2025
$233B
2025
Service imports
$213M
2025
$144B
2025
Service exports
$382M
2025
$132B
2025
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP n/a
51.1%
2025
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
15.3%
2026
53.2%
2025

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Saint Vincent Sweden
Economic freedom 60 77.8
Economic freedom ranking 98/197 14/197
Property rights 65.2 96.2
Government integrity 63.3 91.6
Judicial effectiveness 76.9 95.6
Tax burden 82 51.6
Government spending 56.2 28.4
Fiscal health 2.8 97.5
Business freedom 67.3 84.8
Labor freedom 60.1 65.8
Monetary freedom 77.3 78.1
Trade freedom 58.8 79.4
Investment freedom 70 85
Financial freedom 40 80

Economic freedom comparison by year

Saint Vincent
Sweden
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Saint Vincent Sweden
2026 60 77.8
2025 60.1 77.9
2024 59.8 77.5
2023 63.5 77.5
2022 65.7 77.9
2021 66.3 74.7
2020 66.8 74.9
2019 65.8 75.2
2018 67.7 76.3
2017 65.2 74.9
2016 68.8 72
2015 68 72.7
2014 67 73.1
2013 66.7 72.9
2012 66.5 71.7
2011 66.9 71.9
2010 66.9 72.4
2009 64.3 70.5
2008 - 70.8
2007 - 69.3
2006 - 70.9
2005 - 69.8
2004 - 70.1
2003 - 70
2002 - 70.8
2001 - 66.6
2000 - 65.1
1999 - 64.2
1998 - 64
1997 - 63.3
1996 - 61.8
1995 - 61.4

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/saint-vincent/sweden | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Saint Vincent is 60, ranking 98/197, compared to 77.8 for Sweden, ranking 14/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Saint Vincent Sweden
Services, % of GDP
66.4%
2025
67%
2025
Industry, % of GDP
15.1%
2025
21%
2025
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
3.44%
2025
1.5%
2025
GNI, Atlas method
$1.2B
2025
$668B
2025
GNI per capita, PPP
$22,340
2025
$76,090
2025
Total reserves including gold
$281M
2025
$74.2B
2025
Total reserves ranking
168/177
2025
36/177
2025
Net foreign direct investment
-$113M
2025
-$11.1B
2025
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$139M
2024
$30.7B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
-$1.92M
2024
$29.7B
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
3.78%
2024
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines n/a
16.1%
2022
Gross capital formation, % of GDP n/a
25.5%
2025

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/saint-vincent/sweden | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1800–1992, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  6. TradeMap (2020–2025, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2026-07-08)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.