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Economy of Fiji vs Sweden compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Fiji has a GDP of $5.97B compared to $604B for Sweden, ranking 161/197 and 26/197 by economy size, respectively.

Fiji has $4.54B in government debt (76.2% of GDP), compared to $199B (33% of GDP) in Sweden.

Fiji vs Sweden GDP by year

Fiji
Sweden
1x
Year GDP, current $
Fiji Sweden
2024 $5,968,125,909 $603,715,224,266
2023 $5,476,673,518 $578,990,915,246
2022 $4,977,861,886 $575,071,237,641
2021 $4,158,873,156 $631,693,331,301
2020 $4,227,719,873 $544,265,668,452
2019 $5,344,907,153 $530,894,124,494
2018 $5,581,425,327 $549,649,344,043
2017 $5,353,469,174 $535,172,356,785
2016 $4,930,213,644 $513,058,312,951
2015 $4,682,479,894 $501,602,351,912
2014 $4,857,104,769 $577,727,767,304
2013 $4,189,967,999 $584,125,353,119
2012 $3,972,028,104 $549,739,674,655
2011 $3,779,411,899 $570,538,581,144
2010 $3,140,166,713 $492,750,897,239
2009 $2,870,624,636 $434,311,714,442
2008 $3,523,185,920 $514,614,100,833
2007 $3,378,314,600 $490,047,789,548
2006 $3,076,305,453 $422,528,394,459
2005 $2,980,403,845 $391,688,455,929
2004 $2,708,078,477 $384,545,442,175
2003 $2,300,492,465 $334,072,443,516
2002 $1,833,279,985 $267,371,907,447
2001 $1,652,462,023 $242,497,797,485
2000 $1,678,219,508 $262,903,560,280
1999 $1,936,459,986 $274,318,357,862
1998 $1,653,146,717 $270,887,306,759
1997 $2,090,221,137 $268,249,616,891
1996 $2,128,696,644 $291,949,597,375
1995 $1,970,301,486 $267,050,453,507
1994 $1,825,732,093 $228,699,066,874
1993 $1,636,101,247 $212,644,602,616
1992 $1,532,411,039 $283,908,914,454
1991 $1,383,883,250 $273,831,464,572
1990 $1,337,017,559 $261,466,577,009
1989 $1,182,660,266 $217,632,340,195
1988 $1,110,009,523 $206,686,590,776
1987 $1,177,947,965 $182,744,315,974
1986 $1,290,267,340 $150,279,869,729
1985 $1,141,168,944 $113,958,084,357
1984 $1,178,000,678 $109,043,045,407
1983 $1,123,085,190 $104,862,109,663
1982 $1,194,059,943 $114,214,731,799
1981 $1,235,626,771 $129,498,921,476
1980 $1,202,618,816 $141,886,067,004
1979 $1,019,691,460 $123,207,527,699
1978 $829,267,889 $104,290,933,496
1977 $719,501,766 $94,331,782,622
1976 $694,540,806 $89,232,517,046
1975 $684,282,434 $82,765,232,648
1974 $558,587,097 $65,917,634,590
1973 $425,950,488 $59,318,842,992
1972 $316,656,649 $48,883,173,400
1971 $247,749,328 $41,506,151,115
1970 $219,878,482 $38,037,226,668
1969 $182,182,068 $33,967,301,561
1968 $166,952,937 $31,277,871,669
1967 $162,625,886 $29,474,881,506
1966 $150,603,926 $27,154,716,721
1965 $147,084,750 $24,963,947,415
1964 $140,032,741 $22,685,490,195
1963 $129,454,729 $20,342,131,882
1962 $122,906,435 $18,794,066,990
1961 $116,987,785 $17,329,620,585
1960 $112,328,422 $15,930,075,467

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/fiji/sweden | CC BY

GDP per capita in Fiji vs Sweden by year

Fiji
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Sweden
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Fiji Sweden
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $6,426 $15,450 $57,117 $71,845
2023 $5,926 $14,644 $54,950 $69,226
2022 $5,414 $12,982 $54,837 $67,076
2021 $4,537 $10,322 $60,648 $62,732
2020 $4,621 $10,716 $52,569 $57,489
2019 $5,842 $12,978 $51,649 $57,046
2018 $6,085 $12,984 $54,018 $53,122
2017 $5,827 $12,585 $53,210 $51,474
2016 $5,364 $11,766 $51,704 $50,290
2015 $5,098 $11,519 $51,188 $48,772
2014 $5,293 $10,516 $59,583 $46,841
2013 $4,572 $8,842 $60,844 $46,098
2012 $4,341 $8,204 $57,750 $45,207
2011 $4,140 $7,672 $60,379 $44,333
2010 $3,449 $7,339 $52,543 $41,951
2009 $3,164 $7,068 $46,708 $40,094
2008 $3,900 $7,154 $55,817 $41,907
2007 $3,763 $6,990 $53,568 $40,813
2006 $3,455 $6,921 $46,531 $37,672
2005 $3,378 $6,652 $43,378 $34,198
2004 $3,097 $6,463 $42,758 $33,805
2003 $2,656 $6,033 $37,292 $31,788
2002 $2,137 $5,914 $29,958 $30,987
2001 $1,945 $5,699 $27,259 $29,946
2000 $1,996 $5,521 $29,633 $29,636
1999 $2,328 $5,552 $30,969 $27,496
1998 $2,010 $5,090 $30,605 $25,897
1997 $2,574 $5,031 $30,324 $24,817
1996 $2,648 $5,109 $33,022 $23,952
1995 $2,467 $4,818 $30,254 $23,084
1994 $2,297 $4,627 $26,046 $21,835
1993 $2,070 $4,334 $24,390 $20,700
1992 $1,951 $4,172 $32,753 $20,767
1991 $1,775 $3,873 $31,777 $20,663
1990 $1,729 $3,882 $30,549 $20,357
1989 $1,543 - $25,625 -
1988 $1,463 - $24,499 -
1987 $1,569 - $21,761 -
1986 $1,745 - $17,955 -
1985 $1,577 - $13,647 -
1984 $1,667 - $13,080 -
1983 $1,628 - $12,590 -
1982 $1,773 - $13,719 -
1981 $1,879 - $15,564 -
1980 $1,873 - $17,073 -
1979 $1,627 - $14,856 -
1978 $1,355 - $12,602 -
1977 $1,204 - $11,432 -
1976 $1,186 - $10,853 -
1975 $1,188 - $10,103 -
1974 $984 - $8,078 -
1973 $762 - $7,291 -
1972 $575 - $6,018 -
1971 $458 - $5,125 -
1970 $414 - $4,729 -
1969 $350 - $4,263 -
1968 $327 - $3,953 -
1967 $326 - $3,746 -
1966 $310 - $3,478 -
1965 $311 - $3,228 -
1964 $306 - $2,961 -
1963 $291.4 - $2,675 -
1962 $285.5 - $2,485 -
1961 $280.3 - $2,304 -
1960 $277.4 - $2,128 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/fiji/sweden | CC BY

Fiji's GDP per capita is $6,426, ranking 108/197, compared to $57,117 in Sweden, ranking 17/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Fiji ranks 113th at $15,450, while Sweden ranks 23rd at $71,845.

Economic indicators

Fiji Sweden
Gross domestic product
$5.97B
2024
$604B
2024
GDP rank
161/197
2024
26/197
2024
GDP growth
3.53%
2023-2024
0.82%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$6,426
2024
$57,117
2024
GDP per capita rank
108/197
2024
17/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$15,450
2024
$71,845
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
113/197
2024
23/197
2024
Government debt
$4.54B
2024
$199B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
76.2%
2024
33%
2024
Government debt per person
$4,893
2024
$18,842
2024
Government debt per person rank
80/185
2024
32/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$6,964
2026
$42,066
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies n/a
$290B
2003
Number of millionaires n/a
490,000
2025
Number of billionaires n/a
45
2025
Income share by richest 10%
24.2%
2019
22.3%
2023
Income share by poorest 10%
3.5%
2019
2.8%
2023
Government expenditure, % of GDP
29.7%
2024
49.3%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
4.51%
2023-2024
2.84%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate
0.25%
2020
1.75%
2025
Unemployment rate
5.36%
2024
8.31%
2024
Population
938628
10680056

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Fiji
Spending

Debt
Sweden
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Fiji Sweden
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 29.7% 76.2% 49.3% 33%
2023 28.8% 79.1% 48.9% 31.8%
2022 30.9% 83.3% 48.3% 33.9%
2021 36.7% 89% 49.3% 37%
2020 36.2% 72.9% 52% 40.2%
2019 30.8% 49.7% 48.8% 35.8%
2018 31.8% 44.8% 49.8% 39.9%
2017 27.3% 42.2% 49.2% 41.6%
2016 31.4% 43.6% 49.5% 42.9%
2015 29.8% 43% 49.4% 44.5%
2014 29.1% 44.5% 50.7% 45.7%
2013 25.1% 45.8% 51.4% 40.8%
2012 25.5% 47.7% 50.2% 38%
2011 25.3% 48.6% 49.1% 37.7%
2010 24.8% 51.8% 49.7% 38.6%
2009 26.2% 51.5% 51.7% 41.2%
2008 22.6% 47.5% 49.4% 38%
2007 23.3% 46% 48.5% 39.2%
2006 24.8% 49.2% 50.1% 43.8%
2005 23.3% 44% 51.2% 48.9%
2004 24% 44.5% 51.7% 48.7%
2003 25.8% 44.9% 53% 49.4%
2002 27.4% 43.4% 52.7% 49.8%
2001 26.4% 41% 51.7% 52%
2000 24.8% 36.9% 52.2% 50.4%
1999 23.2% 32.7% 55.2% 60.3%
1998 26.8% 36.6% 55.6% 65.4%
1997 29.1% 54.1% 57.9% 67.7%
1996 26.4% 48.8% 60% 68.9%
1995 23.2% 48.4% 62.1% 68.7%
1994 24.3% 47.6% 65.3% 68.6%
1993 25.7% 44.3% 67.9% 66.1%
1992 25.8% 42.2% 66.5% 45.7%
1991 - - 61.2% 40.2%
1990 - - 57.5% 40.3%
1989 - - 35.8% 44.8%
1988 - - 37.9% 50.3%
1987 - - 40.9% 56%
1986 - - 42.1% 59.5%
1985 - - 47.6% 61.2%
1984 - - 46.7% 57.5%
1983 - - 48.6% 54.5%
1982 - - 46.4% 47.9%
1981 - - 46.1% 41.5%
1980 - - 41% 34.4%
1979 - - 39.9% 28.3%
1978 - - 39.1% 24%
1977 - - 35.7% 21%
1976 - - 32.3% 19%
1975 - - 30.6% 19.9%
1974 - - 30.1% 19.4%
1973 - - 31.1% 18%
1972 - - 31.9% 17.2%
1971 - - 29.8% 16.9%
1970 - - 29.5% 16.9%
1969 - - 28.7% 17.6%
1968 - - 28.3% 17.6%
1967 - - 27.7% 16.1%
1966 - - 26.5% 15.3%
1965 - - 24.6% 17%
1964 - - 23.4% 18.7%
1963 - - 24.4% 20.7%
1962 - - 23.4% 23%
1961 - - 23.7% 26%
1960 - - 24.4% 28.6%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1992, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/fiji/sweden | CC BY

In 2024, Fiji's government spending was $1.77B, accounting for 29.7% of its GDP, while Sweden spent $298B, or 49.3% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 76.2% in Fiji and 33% in Sweden, ranking 47/185 and 148/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Fiji

Sweden
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Fiji Sweden
2024 -3.36% -1.72%
2023 -6.82% -0.63%
2022 -11.2% 1%
2021 -14.6% -0.15%
2020 -9.24% -3.18%
2019 -3.67% 0.44%
2018 -4.72% 0.67%
2017 -2.22% 1.29%
2016 -5.58% 0.86%
2015 -3.8% -0.27%
2014 -3.36% -1.84%
2013 -0.08% -1.63%
2012 -0.67% -1.19%
2011 -0.69% -0.41%
2010 -1.26% -0.14%
2009 -2.76% -0.89%
2008 1.54% 1.87%
2007 0.35% 3.37%
2006 -0.74% 2.2%
2005 -1.14% 2.08%
2004 -0.95% 0.17%
2003 -3.34% -1.25%
2002 -3.58% -1.46%
2001 -4.4% 1.37%
2000 -1.37% 3.11%
1999 1.1% 0.6%
1998 5.21% 0.82%
1997 -4.48% -1.57%
1996 -3.35% -3.11%
1995 0.77% -7.01%
1994 -0.19% -8.77%
1993 -1.83% -10.9%
1992 -2.14% -8.51%
1991 - 0.28%
1990 - 3.7%
1989 - 1.5%
1988 - -0.64%
1987 - -2%
1986 - -6.21%
1985 - -9.91%
1984 - -12.1%
1983 - -15.1%
1982 - -13.4%
1981 - -12.8%
1980 - -11.5%
1979 - -9.95%
1978 - -7.32%
1977 - -3.32%
1976 - -1.27%
1975 - -4.05%
1974 - -4.12%
1973 - -3.28%
1972 - -2.17%
1971 - -1.67%
1970 - -2.64%
1969 - -2.03%
1968 - -2.37%
1967 - -1.41%
1966 - -0.33%
1965 - -0.17%
1964 - -0.1%
1963 - 0.41%
1962 - 0.7%
1961 - 0.56%
1960 - -2.67%
1959 - -2.53%
1958 - -2.31%
1957 - -2.1%
1956 - -1.21%
1955 - -1.72%
1954 - -1.52%
1953 - -2.47%
1952 - -0.16%
1951 - -0.9%
1950 - -1.64%
1949 - -0.74%
1948 - 0.29%
1947 - -1.08%
1946 - -0.61%
1945 - -8.04%
1944 - -8.66%
1943 - -10.7%
1942 - -11.8%
1941 - -13.1%
1940 - -8.16%
1939 - -1.13%
1938 - -0.07%
1937 - 0.46%
1936 - -0.64%
1935 - -2.19%
1934 - -1.88%
1933 - -4.1%
1932 - -1.56%
1931 - -0.05%
1930 - 0.09%
1929 - -0.39%
1928 - -0.06%
1927 - -1.14%
1926 - -1.11%
1925 - -1.44%
1924 - -0.99%
1923 - -1.65%
1922 - -3.17%
1921 - -3.55%
1920 - -0.6%
1919 - 0.17%
1918 - -8.59%
1917 - -0.26%
1916 - -0.23%
1915 - -0.94%
1914 - -0.55%
1913 - -0.17%
1912 - -0.51%
1911 - -0.87%
1910 - -0.81%
1909 - -2.08%
1908 - -2.27%
1907 - -0.68%
1906 - -0.66%
1905 - -0.34%
1904 - -0.56%
1903 - 0.08%
1902 - -1.57%
1901 - -1.34%
1900 - -0.32%
1899 - 0.57%
1898 - 0.91%
1897 - 1.09%
1896 - -0.59%
1895 - 1%
1894 - 0.47%
1893 - -0.49%
1892 - -0.68%
1891 - -0.6%
1890 - 0.33%
1889 - 0.19%
1888 - -0.05%
1887 - -1.5%
1886 - -0.98%
1885 - -0.08%
1884 - 0.24%
1883 - 0.16%
1882 - 0.36%
1881 - -0.17%
1880 - -0.47%
1879 - -1.89%
1878 - -2.04%
1877 - -1.21%
1876 - -1.07%
1875 - -1.26%
1874 - -1.05%
1873 - 0.06%
1872 - -0.15%
1871 - 0.22%
1870 - -0.42%
1869 - -1.52%
1868 - -1.67%
1867 - -1.17%
1866 - -3.01%
1865 - -2.02%
1864 - -2.3%
1863 - -1.58%
1862 - -1.35%
1861 - -1.11%
1860 - -2.03%
1859 - -2.17%
1858 - -2.36%
1857 - -0.62%
1856 - -0.08%
1855 - -0.09%
1854 - -0.19%
1853 - 0.17%
1852 - -0.31%
1851 - -0.07%
1850 - 0.004%
1849 - 0.09%
1848 - 0.12%
1847 - 0.08%
1846 - 0.13%
1845 - 0.04%
1844 - 0.009%
1843 - 0.05%
1842 - -0.12%
1841 - 0.06%
1840 - -0.01%
1839 - -0.006%
1838 - 0.09%
1837 - -0.38%
1836 - -0.08%
1835 - 0.08%
1834 - -0.12%
1833 - 0.09%
1832 - 0.01%
1831 - -0.1%
1830 - -0.45%
1829 - 2.7%
1828 - 0.03%
1827 - -0.16%
1826 - 0.37%
1825 - 0.18%
1824 - -0.23%
1823 - 0.37%
1822 - -0.03%
1821 - -0.49%
1820 - 0.26%
1819 - 0.09%
1818 - 0.35%
1817 - 0.35%
1816 - 0.16%
1815 - 2.34%
1814 - -0.45%
1813 - -0.37%
1812 - 3.47%
1811 - -0.48%
1810 - -3.05%
1809 - -7.65%
1808 - -5.04%
1807 - 0.1%
1806 - 0.55%
1805 - 0.52%
1804 - -0.25%
1803 - 11.6%
1802 - 2.17%
1801 - 0.01%
1800 - -0.44%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1800–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/fiji/sweden | CC BY

In 2024, Fiji's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $201M, equivalent to 3.36% of GDP. This compares to Sweden's deficit of $10.4B, or 1.72% of GDP.

Over the past 33 years, Fiji recorded a fiscal deficit in 28 of those years, while Sweden ran a deficit in 19 years. On average, Fiji posted an annual deficit equal to 2.81% of GDP, compared to deficit of 1.05% of GDP for Sweden.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Fiji

Sweden
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Fiji Sweden
2024 4.51% 2.84%
2023 2.34% 8.55%
2022 4.32% 8.37%
2021 0.16% 2.16%
2020 -2.6% 0.5%
2019 1.77% 1.78%
2018 4.08% 1.95%
2017 3.35% 1.79%
2016 3.86% 0.98%
2015 1.37% -0.05%
2014 0.52% -0.18%
2013 2.91% -0.04%
2012 3.42% 0.89%
2011 7.28% 2.96%
2010 3.69% 1.16%
2009 3.13% -0.49%
2008 7.73% 3.44%
2007 4.8% 2.21%
2006 2.49% 1.36%
2005 2.37% 0.45%
2004 2.83% 0.37%
2003 4.17% 1.93%
2002 0.76% 2.16%
2001 4.27% 2.41%
2000 1.09% 0.9%
1999 1.97% 0.46%
1998 5.71% -0.27%
1997 3.37% 0.66%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/fiji/sweden | CC BY

Over the past 28 years, Fiji has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 3.06%, compared with 1.76% in Sweden. In 2024, inflation was 4.51% in Fiji and 2.84% in Sweden.

Top exports between countries

Fiji
Export category Export value
Textiles & consumer goods $8K
Machinery & equipment $3K
Chemicals & pharma $2K
Sweden
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $897K
Chemicals & pharma $249K
Weapons & explosives $54K
Textiles & consumer goods $49K
Raw materials & minerals $27K
Metals $9K
Wood & paper products $5K
Precious metals & jewellery $2K
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $2K
Miscellaneous $1K

Balance of trade

Fiji Sweden
Current account balance
-$866M
2022
$35.8B
2024
Current account balance ranking
120/190
2022
17/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
-17.4%
2022
+5.92%
2024
Goods imports
$2.68B
2022
$188B
2024
Goods exports
$1.05B
2022
$218B
2024
Service imports
$754M
2022
$126B
2024
Service exports
$1.33B
2022
$116B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
69.2%
2023
51.6%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
57%
2023
54.3%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Fiji Sweden
Economic freedom 59.5 77.8
Economic freedom ranking 103/197 14/197
Property rights 59.9 96.2
Government integrity 55.4 91.6
Judicial effectiveness 53.2 95.6
Tax burden 87.8 51.6
Government spending 70 28.4
Fiscal health 7.5 97.5
Business freedom 69.5 84.8
Labor freedom 66.9 65.8
Monetary freedom 72.4 78.1
Trade freedom 66.6 79.4
Investment freedom 55 85
Financial freedom 50 80

Economic freedom comparison by year

Fiji
Sweden
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Fiji Sweden
2026 59.5 77.8
2025 59.1 77.9
2024 58 77.5
2023 58 77.5
2022 56.4 77.9
2021 62.2 74.7
2020 63.4 74.9
2019 62.2 75.2
2018 62 76.3
2017 63.4 74.9
2016 58.8 72
2015 59 72.7
2014 58.7 73.1
2013 57.2 72.9
2012 57.3 71.7
2011 60.4 71.9
2010 60.3 72.4
2009 61 70.5
2008 61.8 70.8
2007 60.8 69.3
2006 58.4 70.9
2005 58.2 69.8
2004 58 70.1
2003 54.7 70
2002 53.9 70.8
2001 53.7 66.6
2000 57.8 65.1
1999 58.4 64.2
1998 58.2 64
1997 58 63.3
1996 57.4 61.8
1995 54.7 61.4

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/fiji/sweden | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Fiji is 59.5, ranking 103/197, compared to 77.8 for Sweden, ranking 14/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Fiji Sweden
Services, % of GDP
54.6%
2024
66.4%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
16.5%
2024
21.7%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
13.2%
2024
1.42%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$5.4B
2024
$615B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$14,490
2024
$75,000
2024
Total reserves including gold
$1.6B
2024
$62.6B
2024
Total reserves ranking
133/177
2024
37/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
-$86.9M
2022
$2.08B
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$204M
2024
$27B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$25.6M
2024
$29.6B
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
4.36%
2024
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
31%
2020
16.1%
2022
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
19.7%
2023
25.4%
2024

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/fiji/sweden | CC BY

Compare countries by 7 more topics

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1800–1992, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2020–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)
  9. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2020, retrieved 2026-02-20)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.