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Economy of Georgia vs Sweden compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Georgia has a GDP of $34.2B compared to $604B for Sweden, ranking 107/197 and 26/197 by economy size, respectively.

Georgia has $12.3B in government debt (36.1% of GDP), compared to $199B (33% of GDP) in Sweden.

Georgia vs Sweden GDP by year

Georgia
Sweden
1x
Year GDP, current $
Georgia Sweden
2024 $34,189,423,545 $603,715,224,266
2023 $30,777,833,601 $578,990,915,246
2022 $24,984,568,960 $575,071,237,641
2021 $18,853,115,589 $631,693,331,301
2020 $16,010,869,216 $544,265,668,452
2019 $17,638,337,117 $530,894,124,494
2018 $17,902,544,881 $549,649,344,043
2017 $16,473,125,375 $535,172,356,785
2016 $15,444,548,902 $513,058,312,951
2015 $15,223,796,149 $501,602,351,912
2014 $17,966,015,109 $577,727,767,304
2013 $17,517,660,144 $584,125,353,119
2012 $16,894,392,033 $549,739,674,655
2011 $15,475,290,469 $570,538,581,144
2010 $12,426,907,967 $492,750,897,239
2009 $10,766,920,066 $434,311,714,442
2008 $12,795,145,131 $514,614,100,833
2007 $10,172,931,089 $490,047,789,548
2006 $7,745,250,734 $422,528,394,459
2005 $6,410,912,050 $391,688,455,929
2004 $5,125,365,192 $384,545,442,175
2003 $3,991,377,904 $334,072,443,516
2002 $3,395,766,678 $267,371,907,447
2001 $3,219,462,262 $242,497,797,485
2000 $3,057,475,335 $262,903,560,280
1999 $2,800,025,883 $274,318,357,862
1998 $3,613,497,317 $270,887,306,759
1997 $3,510,520,231 $268,249,616,891
1996 $3,094,936,177 $291,949,597,375
1995 $2,693,732,612 $267,050,453,507
1994 $2,513,867,645 $228,699,066,874
1993 $2,701,181,331 $212,644,602,616
1992 $3,690,328,964 $283,908,914,454
1991 $6,324,503,311 $273,831,464,572
1990 $7,735,927,264 $261,466,577,009
1989 $8,902,632,715 $217,632,340,195
1988 $8,833,588,173 $206,686,590,776
1987 $7,321,981,334 $182,744,315,974
1986 - $150,279,869,729
1985 - $113,958,084,357
1984 - $109,043,045,407
1983 - $104,862,109,663
1982 - $114,214,731,799
1981 - $129,498,921,476
1980 - $141,886,067,004
1979 - $123,207,527,699
1978 - $104,290,933,496
1977 - $94,331,782,622
1976 - $89,232,517,046
1975 - $82,765,232,648
1974 - $65,917,634,590
1973 - $59,318,842,992
1972 - $48,883,173,400
1971 - $41,506,151,115
1970 - $38,037,226,668
1969 - $33,967,301,561
1968 - $31,277,871,669
1967 - $29,474,881,506
1966 - $27,154,716,721
1965 - $24,963,947,415
1964 - $22,685,490,195
1963 - $20,342,131,882
1962 - $18,794,066,990
1961 - $17,329,620,585
1960 - $15,930,075,467

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/georgia/sweden | CC BY

GDP per capita in Georgia vs Sweden by year

Georgia
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Sweden
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
1x
Year Current $
Georgia Sweden
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
2024 $9,241 $28,285 $57,117 $71,845
2023 $8,284 $25,072 $54,950 $69,226
2022 $6,730 $22,461 $54,837 $67,076
2021 $5,084 $18,916 $60,648 $62,732
2020 $4,301 $16,791 $52,569 $57,489
2019 $4,741 $16,770 $51,649 $57,046
2018 $4,804 $15,022 $54,018 $53,122
2017 $4,419 $13,719 $53,210 $51,474
2016 $4,143 $13,065 $51,704 $50,290
2015 $4,087 $12,270 $51,188 $48,772
2014 $4,830 $11,771 $59,583 $46,841
2013 $4,712 $10,797 $60,844 $46,098
2012 $4,531 $10,060 $57,750 $45,207
2011 $4,120 $8,564 $60,379 $44,333
2010 $3,282 $7,712 $52,543 $41,951
2009 $2,823 $7,119 $46,708 $40,094
2008 $3,325 $7,279 $55,817 $41,907
2007 $2,635 $6,951 $53,568 $40,813
2006 $1,996 $5,980 $46,531 $37,672
2005 $1,643 $5,272 $43,378 $34,198
2004 $1,305 $4,635 $42,758 $33,805
2003 $1,010 $4,240 $37,292 $31,788
2002 $854 $3,719 $29,958 $30,987
2001 $802 $3,441 $27,259 $29,946
2000 $750 $3,161 $29,633 $29,636
1999 $674 $2,977 $30,969 $27,496
1998 $852 $2,795 $30,605 $25,897
1997 $807 $2,616 $30,324 $24,817
1996 $689 $2,253 $33,022 $23,952
1995 $578 $1,919 $30,254 $23,084
1994 $520 $1,764 $26,046 $21,835
1993 $550 $1,898 $24,390 $20,700
1992 $757 $2,643 $32,753 $20,767
1991 $1,308 $4,727 $31,777 $20,663
1990 $1,611 $5,836 $30,549 $20,357
1989 $1,853 - $25,625 -
1988 $1,844 - $24,499 -
1987 $1,544 - $21,761 -
1986 - - $17,955 -
1985 - - $13,647 -
1984 - - $13,080 -
1983 - - $12,590 -
1982 - - $13,719 -
1981 - - $15,564 -
1980 - - $17,073 -
1979 - - $14,856 -
1978 - - $12,602 -
1977 - - $11,432 -
1976 - - $10,853 -
1975 - - $10,103 -
1974 - - $8,078 -
1973 - - $7,291 -
1972 - - $6,018 -
1971 - - $5,125 -
1970 - - $4,729 -
1969 - - $4,263 -
1968 - - $3,953 -
1967 - - $3,746 -
1966 - - $3,478 -
1965 - - $3,228 -
1964 - - $2,961 -
1963 - - $2,675 -
1962 - - $2,485 -
1961 - - $2,304 -
1960 - - $2,128 -

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/georgia/sweden | CC BY

Georgia's GDP per capita is $9,241, ranking 89/197, compared to $57,117 in Sweden, ranking 17/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Georgia ranks 74th at $28,285, while Sweden ranks 23rd at $71,845.

Economic indicators

Georgia Sweden
Gross domestic product
$34.2B
2024
$604B
2024
GDP rank
107/197
2024
26/197
2024
GDP growth
9.68%
2023-2024
0.82%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$9,241
2024
$57,117
2024
GDP per capita rank
89/197
2024
17/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$28,285
2024
$71,845
2024
GDP per capita PPP rank
74/197
2024
23/197
2024
Government debt
$12.3B
2024
$199B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
36.1%
2024
33%
2024
Government debt per person
$3,336
2024
$18,842
2024
Government debt per person rank
96/185
2024
32/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$6,891
2026
$42,066
2026
Market capitalization of domestic companies n/a
$290B
2003
Number of millionaires n/a
490,000
2025
Number of billionaires
2
2025
45
2025
Income share by richest 10%
26.2%
2024
22.3%
2023
Income share by poorest 10%
2.9%
2024
2.8%
2023
Government expenditure, % of GDP
30.3%
2024
49.3%
2024
Consumer prices inflation
1.11%
2023-2024
2.84%
2023-2024
Central bank interest rate
8%
2024
1.75%
2025
Unemployment rate
8.01%
2024
8.31%
2024
Population
3697615
10680056

Spending and national debt comparison by year

Georgia
Spending

Debt
Sweden
Spending

Debt
1x
Year % of GDP
Georgia Sweden
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
2024 30.3% 36.1% 49.3% 33%
2023 29.7% 38.9% 48.9% 31.8%
2022 28.5% 39.2% 48.3% 33.9%
2021 31.2% 49.1% 49.3% 37%
2020 34.1% 59.6% 52% 40.2%
2019 28.7% 40% 48.8% 35.8%
2018 26.7% 38.2% 49.8% 39.9%
2017 27.2% 38.9% 49.2% 41.6%
2016 27.8% 39.5% 49.5% 42.9%
2015 27% 36% 49.4% 44.5%
2014 27.5% 30.3% 50.7% 45.7%
2013 26.6% 28.9% 51.4% 40.8%
2012 27.7% 28.1% 50.2% 38%
2011 27.1% 27.7% 49.1% 37.7%
2010 31% 31.4% 49.7% 38.6%
2009 34.8% 33.6% 51.7% 41.2%
2008 31.8% 26.3% 49.4% 38%
2007 27.7% 22.5% 48.5% 39.2%
2006 22.7% 28.3% 50.1% 43.8%
2005 21.6% 35.3% 51.2% 48.9%
2004 18.9% 44.3% 51.7% 48.7%
2003 16.1% 54.6% 53% 49.4%
2002 16% 50.3% 52.7% 49.8%
2001 16.8% 53% 51.7% 52%
2000 16.9% 58.5% 52.2% 50.4%
1999 19.8% 76.5% 55.2% 60.3%
1998 18.9% 80% 55.6% 65.4%
1997 21.9% 48.2% 57.9% 67.7%
1996 18.4% 38.9% 60% 68.9%
1995 15.6% 19.8% 62.1% 68.7%
1994 - - 65.3% 68.6%
1993 - - 67.9% 66.1%
1992 - - 66.5% 45.7%
1991 - - 61.2% 40.2%
1990 - - 57.5% 40.3%
1989 - - 35.8% 44.8%
1988 - - 37.9% 50.3%
1987 - - 40.9% 56%
1986 - - 42.1% 59.5%
1985 - - 47.6% 61.2%
1984 - - 46.7% 57.5%
1983 - - 48.6% 54.5%
1982 - - 46.4% 47.9%
1981 - - 46.1% 41.5%
1980 - - 41% 34.4%
1979 - - 39.9% 28.3%
1978 - - 39.1% 24%
1977 - - 35.7% 21%
1976 - - 32.3% 19%
1975 - - 30.6% 19.9%
1974 - - 30.1% 19.4%
1973 - - 31.1% 18%
1972 - - 31.9% 17.2%
1971 - - 29.8% 16.9%
1970 - - 29.5% 16.9%
1969 - - 28.7% 17.6%
1968 - - 28.3% 17.6%
1967 - - 27.7% 16.1%
1966 - - 26.5% 15.3%
1965 - - 24.6% 17%
1964 - - 23.4% 18.7%
1963 - - 24.4% 20.7%
1962 - - 23.4% 23%
1961 - - 23.7% 26%
1960 - - 24.4% 28.6%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1960–1999, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/georgia/sweden | CC BY

In 2024, Georgia's government spending was $10.3B, accounting for 30.3% of its GDP, while Sweden spent $298B, or 49.3% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 36.1% in Georgia and 33% in Sweden, ranking 144/185 and 148/185, respectively.

Government deficit by year

Deficit/surplus
Georgia

Sweden
1x
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Georgia Sweden
2024 -2.3% -1.72%
2023 -2.33% -0.63%
2022 -2.2% 1%
2021 -5.97% -0.15%
2020 -9.16% -3.18%
2019 -1.82% 0.44%
2018 -0.8% 0.67%
2017 -0.45% 1.29%
2016 -1.49% 0.86%
2015 -1.16% -0.27%
2014 -1.78% -1.84%
2013 -1.25% -1.63%
2012 -0.71% -1.19%
2011 -0.81% -0.41%
2010 -4.48% -0.14%
2009 -6.36% -0.89%
2008 -1.92% 1.87%
2007 0.81% 3.37%
2006 3.28% 2.2%
2005 2.14% 2.08%
2004 3.59% 0.17%
2003 -0.55% -1.25%
2002 -0.19% -1.46%
2001 -0.71% 1.37%
2000 -1.92% 3.11%
1999 -4.72% 0.6%
1998 -4% 0.82%
1997 -6.79% -1.57%
1996 -5.91% -3.11%
1995 -4.89% -7.01%
1994 - -8.77%
1993 - -10.9%
1992 - -8.51%
1991 - 0.28%
1990 - 3.7%
1989 - 1.5%
1988 - -0.64%
1987 - -2%
1986 - -6.21%
1985 - -9.91%
1984 - -12.1%
1983 - -15.1%
1982 - -13.4%
1981 - -12.8%
1980 - -11.5%
1979 - -9.95%
1978 - -7.32%
1977 - -3.32%
1976 - -1.27%
1975 - -4.05%
1974 - -4.12%
1973 - -3.28%
1972 - -2.17%
1971 - -1.67%
1970 - -2.64%
1969 - -2.03%
1968 - -2.37%
1967 - -1.41%
1966 - -0.33%
1965 - -0.17%
1964 - -0.1%
1963 - 0.41%
1962 - 0.7%
1961 - 0.56%
1960 - -2.67%
1959 - -2.53%
1958 - -2.31%
1957 - -2.1%
1956 - -1.21%
1955 - -1.72%
1954 - -1.52%
1953 - -2.47%
1952 - -0.16%
1951 - -0.9%
1950 - -1.64%
1949 - -0.74%
1948 - 0.29%
1947 - -1.08%
1946 - -0.61%
1945 - -8.04%
1944 - -8.66%
1943 - -10.7%
1942 - -11.8%
1941 - -13.1%
1940 - -8.16%
1939 - -1.13%
1938 - -0.07%
1937 - 0.46%
1936 - -0.64%
1935 - -2.19%
1934 - -1.88%
1933 - -4.1%
1932 - -1.56%
1931 - -0.05%
1930 - 0.09%
1929 - -0.39%
1928 - -0.06%
1927 - -1.14%
1926 - -1.11%
1925 - -1.44%
1924 - -0.99%
1923 - -1.65%
1922 - -3.17%
1921 - -3.55%
1920 - -0.6%
1919 - 0.17%
1918 - -8.59%
1917 - -0.26%
1916 - -0.23%
1915 - -0.94%
1914 - -0.55%
1913 - -0.17%
1912 - -0.51%
1911 - -0.87%
1910 - -0.81%
1909 - -2.08%
1908 - -2.27%
1907 - -0.68%
1906 - -0.66%
1905 - -0.34%
1904 - -0.56%
1903 - 0.08%
1902 - -1.57%
1901 - -1.34%
1900 - -0.32%
1899 - 0.57%
1898 - 0.91%
1897 - 1.09%
1896 - -0.59%
1895 - 1%
1894 - 0.47%
1893 - -0.49%
1892 - -0.68%
1891 - -0.6%
1890 - 0.33%
1889 - 0.19%
1888 - -0.05%
1887 - -1.5%
1886 - -0.98%
1885 - -0.08%
1884 - 0.24%
1883 - 0.16%
1882 - 0.36%
1881 - -0.17%
1880 - -0.47%
1879 - -1.89%
1878 - -2.04%
1877 - -1.21%
1876 - -1.07%
1875 - -1.26%
1874 - -1.05%
1873 - 0.06%
1872 - -0.15%
1871 - 0.22%
1870 - -0.42%
1869 - -1.52%
1868 - -1.67%
1867 - -1.17%
1866 - -3.01%
1865 - -2.02%
1864 - -2.3%
1863 - -1.58%
1862 - -1.35%
1861 - -1.11%
1860 - -2.03%
1859 - -2.17%
1858 - -2.36%
1857 - -0.62%
1856 - -0.08%
1855 - -0.09%
1854 - -0.19%
1853 - 0.17%
1852 - -0.31%
1851 - -0.07%
1850 - 0.004%
1849 - 0.09%
1848 - 0.12%
1847 - 0.08%
1846 - 0.13%
1845 - 0.04%
1844 - 0.009%
1843 - 0.05%
1842 - -0.12%
1841 - 0.06%
1840 - -0.01%
1839 - -0.006%
1838 - 0.09%
1837 - -0.38%
1836 - -0.08%
1835 - 0.08%
1834 - -0.12%
1833 - 0.09%
1832 - 0.01%
1831 - -0.1%
1830 - -0.45%
1829 - 2.7%
1828 - 0.03%
1827 - -0.16%
1826 - 0.37%
1825 - 0.18%
1824 - -0.23%
1823 - 0.37%
1822 - -0.03%
1821 - -0.49%
1820 - 0.26%
1819 - 0.09%
1818 - 0.35%
1817 - 0.35%
1816 - 0.16%
1815 - 2.34%
1814 - -0.45%
1813 - -0.37%
1812 - 3.47%
1811 - -0.48%
1810 - -3.05%
1809 - -7.65%
1808 - -5.04%
1807 - 0.1%
1806 - 0.55%
1805 - 0.52%
1804 - -0.25%
1803 - 11.6%
1802 - 2.17%
1801 - 0.01%
1800 - -0.44%

Data sources: International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1800–1989, retrieved 2026-02-20); International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20).

GeoRank.org/economy/georgia/sweden | CC BY

In 2024, Georgia's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was $785M, equivalent to 2.3% of GDP. This compares to Sweden's deficit of $10.4B, or 1.72% of GDP.

Over the past 30 years, Georgia recorded a fiscal deficit in 26 of those years, while Sweden ran a deficit in 16 years. On average, Georgia posted an annual deficit equal to 2.16% of GDP, compared to deficit of 0.22% of GDP for Sweden.

Inflation comparison by year

Inflation
Georgia

Sweden
1x
Year Consumer prices inflation
Georgia Sweden
2024 1.11% 2.84%
2023 2.49% 8.55%
2022 11.9% 8.37%
2021 9.57% 2.16%
2020 5.2% 0.5%
2019 4.85% 1.78%
2018 2.62% 1.95%
2017 6.04% 1.79%
2016 2.13% 0.98%
2015 4% -0.05%
2014 3.07% -0.18%
2013 -0.51% -0.04%
2012 -0.94% 0.89%
2011 8.54% 2.96%
2010 7.11% 1.16%
2009 1.73% -0.49%
2008 10% 3.44%
2007 9.24% 2.21%
2006 9.16% 1.36%
2005 8.25% 0.45%
2004 5.66% 0.37%
2003 0.84% 1.93%
2002 5.59% 2.16%
2001 4.65% 2.41%
2000 4.06% 0.9%
1999 19.2% 0.46%
1998 3.57% -0.27%
1997 7.09% 0.66%

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1997–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06).

GeoRank.org/economy/georgia/sweden | CC BY

Over the past 28 years, Georgia has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 5.58%, compared with 1.76% in Sweden. In 2024, inflation was 1.11% in Georgia and 2.84% in Sweden.

Top exports between countries

Georgia
Export category Export value
Transport & tourism services $6.35M
IT & IP services $2.8M
Textiles & consumer goods $436K
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $360K
Machinery & equipment $140K
Business & finance services $84K
Government & miscellaneous services $65K
Raw materials & minerals $49K
Miscellaneous $9K
Precious metals & jewellery $1K
Sweden
Export category Export value
Machinery & equipment $43.8M
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $1.9M
Wood & paper products $1.67M
Textiles & consumer goods $1.56M
Chemicals & pharma $1.07M
Animal & marine products $914K
Metals $614K
Miscellaneous $273K
Raw materials & minerals $209K
Raw agricultural goods $180K

Balance of trade

Georgia Sweden
Current account balance
-$1.79B
2024
$35.8B
2024
Current account balance ranking
139/190
2024
17/190
2024
Current account balance, % of GDP
-5.22%
2024
+5.92%
2024
Goods imports
$15.2B
2024
$188B
2024
Goods exports
$8.63B
2024
$218B
2024
Service imports
$3.81B
2024
$126B
2024
Service exports
$7.71B
2024
$116B
2024
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
55.6%
2024
51.6%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
47.8%
2024
54.3%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Georgia Sweden
Economic freedom 69.6 77.8
Economic freedom ranking 41/197 14/197
Property rights 53 96.2
Government integrity 59.9 91.6
Judicial effectiveness 53.8 95.6
Tax burden 87.8 51.6
Government spending 73.9 28.4
Fiscal health 89.1 97.5
Business freedom 76.6 84.8
Labor freedom 64 65.8
Monetary freedom 70.2 78.1
Trade freedom 86.8 79.4
Investment freedom 60 85
Financial freedom 60 80

Economic freedom comparison by year

Georgia
Sweden
1x
Year Economic freedom index
Georgia Sweden
2026 69.6 77.8
2025 69 77.9
2024 68.4 77.5
2023 68.7 77.5
2022 71.8 77.9
2021 77.2 74.7
2020 77.1 74.9
2019 75.9 75.2
2018 76.2 76.3
2017 76 74.9
2016 72.6 72
2015 73 72.7
2014 72.6 73.1
2013 72.2 72.9
2012 69.4 71.7
2011 70.4 71.9
2010 70.4 72.4
2009 69.8 70.5
2008 69.2 70.8
2007 69.3 69.3
2006 64.5 70.9
2005 57.1 69.8
2004 58.9 70.1
2003 58.6 70
2002 56.7 70.8
2001 58.3 66.6
2000 54.3 65.1
1999 52.5 64.2
1998 47.9 64
1997 46.5 63.3
1996 44.1 61.8
1995 - 61.4

Data sources: The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09).

GeoRank.org/economy/georgia/sweden | CC BY

The Economic Freedom Index for Georgia is 69.6, ranking 41/197, compared to 77.8 for Sweden, ranking 14/197. The chart above displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Other economic metrics

Georgia Sweden
Services, % of GDP
62%
2024
66.4%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
19.6%
2024
21.7%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
5.49%
2024
1.42%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$30B
2024
$615B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$26,200
2024
$75,000
2024
Total reserves including gold
$4.45B
2024
$62.6B
2024
Total reserves ranking
104/177
2024
37/177
2024
Net foreign direct investment
-$1.14B
2024
$2.08B
2024
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$1.6B
2024
$27B
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$462M
2024
$29.6B
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
15.2%
2024
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
9.4%
2024
16.1%
2022
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
24.5%
2024
25.4%
2024

GDP per capita map

1x

Data sources: World Bank | Economy & Growth (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06); U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08).

GeoRank.org/economy/georgia/sweden | CC BY

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Data sources:

  1. World Bank | Economy & Growth (1960–2024, retrieved 2026-04-06)
  2. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Public Finances in Modern History (1800–1999, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Fiscal Monitor (1990–2024, retrieved 2026-02-20)
  4. The Heritage Foundation | Economic Freedom Index (1995–2026, retrieved 2026-03-09)
  5. U.S. Census Bureau (1985–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  6. TradeMap (2020–2024, retrieved 2026-02-08)
  7. United Nations | World Population Prospects (2026, retrieved 2026-03-10)
  8. LivingCost (2026, retrieved 2025-10-14)

Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) — you’re free to copy, share, remix, adapt, and use even commercially as long as you give appropriate credit and clearly indicate if you made changes. Other sources may be subject to different license terms.

The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.