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Economy of Benin vs Equatorial Guinea compared: GDP & Debt

Updated on by Georank team

Benin has a GDP of $21.5B compared to $12.8B for Equatorial Guinea, ranking 125/197 and 148/197 by economy size, respectively.

Benin has $11.6B in government debt (52.5% of GDP), compared to $4.62B (35.1% of GDP) in Equatorial Guinea.

The chart below compares the two countries' GDP growth in both current (nominal) and constant dollars, accounting for inflation over time.

Benin
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Equatorial Guinea
GDP, current $

GDP, constant 2015 $
Year GDP
Benin Equatorial Guinea
Current $ Constant $ Current $ Constant $
1960 $226,195,578 $1,651,120,631 - -
1961 $235,668,221 $1,702,986,961 - -
1962 $236,434,954 $1,644,635,648 $37,253,333 -
1963 $253,927,697 $1,722,427,375 $44,266,667 -
1964 $269,819,006 $1,836,981,870 $51,915,000 -
1965 $289,908,680 $1,934,229,171 $64,748,333 -
1966 $302,925,235 $2,003,394,551 $69,110,000 -
1967 $306,221,953 $2,024,999,131 $72,317,447 -
1968 $326,323,105 $2,102,806,394 $67,514,286 -
1969 $330,748,245 $2,163,314,606 $67,225,714 -
1970 $333,627,713 $2,208,695,702 $66,331,429 -
1971 $335,073,028 $2,175,635,021 $64,946,955 -
1972 $410,331,857 $2,315,449,324 $65,429,198 -
1973 $504,376,074 $2,401,263,703 $81,203,227 -
1974 $554,654,861 $2,481,449,394 $94,159,863 -
1975 $676,870,140 $2,359,973,874 $104,295,643 -
1976 $698,408,262 $2,380,844,453 $103,653,050 -
1977 $750,049,779 $2,499,497,734 $103,987,520 -
1978 $928,843,469 $2,530,868,381 - -
1979 $1,186,231,020 $2,696,279,546 - -
1980 $1,405,251,847 $2,879,134,858 $50,642,881 $132,086,051
1981 $1,291,120,188 $3,165,730,597 $36,731,423 $139,706,651
1982 $1,267,778,670 $3,236,486,776 $44,294,648 $142,782,539
1983 $1,095,348,199 $3,095,770,068 $44,442,457 $149,927,930
1984 $1,051,134,009 $3,341,259,668 $50,320,914 $151,444,273
1985 $1,045,712,789 $3,592,867,375 $62,118,570 $170,988,428
1986 $1,336,102,025 $3,670,873,613 $76,407,396 $167,003,446
1987 $1,562,412,228 $3,615,810,400 $93,345,860 $174,412,950
1988 $1,620,246,084 $3,738,937,614 $100,534,657 $179,044,071
1989 $1,502,294,416 $3,632,222,333 $88,265,975 $176,843,301
1990 $1,959,965,330 $3,958,255,490 $112,119,411 $173,733,398
1991 $1,986,437,797 $4,125,523,428 $110,906,029 $171,957,428
1992 $1,695,315,306 $4,247,544,481 $134,707,184 $231,704,586
1993 $2,274,558,083 $4,495,438,486 $136,047,906 $257,269,047
1994 $1,598,075,944 $4,586,264,346 $100,807,003 $300,152,801
1995 $2,169,627,138 $4,863,513,136 $141,853,361 $352,638,312
1996 $2,361,116,449 $5,073,825,258 $232,463,023 $587,424,890
1997 $2,268,301,646 $5,364,793,325 $442,337,871 $1,468,403,405
1998 $2,455,092,686 $5,577,293,440 $370,687,634 $1,817,508,713
1999 $3,677,393,999 $5,875,201,745 $621,117,886 $2,283,954,429
2000 $3,519,991,440 $6,219,354,273 $1,045,998,496 $2,699,948,864
2001 $3,666,222,635 $6,551,040,876 $1,461,139,022 $4,411,173,090
2002 $4,194,342,686 $6,855,207,726 $1,806,742,742 $5,269,712,387
2003 $5,349,258,094 $7,091,272,067 $2,484,745,935 $6,005,113,942
2004 $6,190,270,380 $7,405,393,051 $4,410,764,339 $8,286,980,786
2005 $6,567,654,954 $7,532,259,620 $8,217,369,093 $9,674,942,387
2006 $7,034,111,315 $7,829,312,268 $10,086,528,699 $10,420,388,727
2007 $8,169,048,383 $8,298,002,250 $13,071,718,759 $12,012,844,403
2008 $9,787,734,526 $8,704,320,326 $19,749,893,536 $14,151,023,688
2009 $9,738,626,517 $8,906,198,943 $15,027,795,173 $14,341,122,354
2010 $9,535,345,016 $9,094,481,754 $16,314,443,436 $13,061,295,371
2011 $10,693,321,364 $9,364,019,722 $21,357,343,669 $13,913,404,306
2012 $11,141,358,116 $9,814,543,622 $22,388,344,144 $15,070,007,775
2013 $12,517,845,124 $10,520,350,022 $21,948,834,284 $14,447,134,440
2014 $13,284,527,847 $11,189,200,116 $21,765,453,082 $14,507,099,626
2015 $11,388,160,997 $11,388,160,997 $13,185,496,881 $13,185,496,881
2016 $11,821,065,853 $11,768,488,383 $11,240,808,848 $12,023,008,462
2017 $12,701,655,837 $12,435,945,493 $12,200,913,879 $11,341,603,435
2018 $14,262,408,090 $13,268,812,303 $13,097,012,134 $10,634,279,339
2019 $14,391,686,313 $14,179,807,375 $11,364,133,550 $10,051,326,715
2020 $15,686,741,894 $14,725,558,723 $9,893,816,008 $9,569,759,527
2021 $17,687,623,535 $15,779,238,957 $12,215,878,033 $9,652,085,293
2022 $17,425,405,084 $16,765,906,415 $13,687,643,436 $9,963,221,065
2023 $19,673,290,996 $17,831,007,126 $12,337,550,584 $9,456,161,987
2024 $21,482,643,720 $19,159,972,711 $12,765,777,677 $9,541,952,851

Economic indicators

Benin Equatorial Guinea
Gross domestic product
$21.5B
2024
$12.8B
2024
GDP rank
125/197
2024
148/197
2024
GDP growth
9.2%
2023-2024
3.47%
2023-2024
GDP per capita
$1,485
2024
$6,745
2024
GDP per capita rank
162/197
2024
106/197
2024
GDP per capita, PPP
$4,435
2024
$17,567
2024
Government debt
$11.6B
2024
$4.62B
2024
Debt-to-GDP ratio
52.5%
2025
35.1%
2025
Government debt per person
$803
2024
$2,442
2024
Government debt per person rank
149/185
2024
112/185
2024
Average annual personal income after taxes
$1,059
2025
$4,393
2025
Income share by richest 10%
27.2%
2021
29.1%
2022
Income share by poorest 10%
3.1%
2021
2.6%
2022
Government expenditure, % of GDP
18.7%
2025
18.7%
2025
Consumer prices inflation
2.1%
2024-2025
2.9%
2024-2025
Unemployment rate
1.69%
2022
8.6%
2014
Population
15100397
1975406

GDP per capita in Benin vs Equatorial Guinea

Benin's GDP per capita is $1,485, ranking 162/197, compared to $6,745 in Equatorial Guinea, ranking 106/197. Adjusted for purchasing power (GDP per capita PPP), Benin ranks 162nd at $4,435, while Equatorial Guinea ranks 103rd at $17,567.

Benin
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Equatorial Guinea
GDP per capita

GDP per capita, PPP
Year Current $
Benin Equatorial Guinea
GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP GDP per capita GDP per capita, PPP
1960 $89.9 - - -
1961 $92.1 - - -
1962 $90.8 - $132.9 -
1963 $95.7 - $154.8 -
1964 $99.8 - $177.8 -
1965 $105.1 - $217.1 -
1966 $107.6 - $226.7 -
1967 $106.6 - $231.9 -
1968 $111.2 - $211.7 -
1969 $110.3 - $208.4 -
1970 $108.8 - $206.8 -
1971 $106.9 - $205.6 -
1972 $127.9 - $211.4 -
1973 $153.6 - $268.6 -
1974 $164.9 - $319 -
1975 $196.5 - $362 -
1976 $197.7 - $369 -
1977 $207 - $376 -
1978 $249.8 - $376 -
1979 $311 - $372 -
1980 $358 - $175.5 -
1981 $320 - $121.1 -
1982 $305 - $137.5 -
1983 $256 - $129.4 -
1984 $238.6 - $137.9 -
1985 $230.4 - $161.1 -
1986 $285.8 - $188.8 -
1987 $324 - $220.9 -
1988 $326 - $228.7 -
1989 $293.3 - $193.2 -
1990 $371 $1,186 $236.4 $577
1991 $365 $1,239 $225.3 $569
1992 $302 $1,265 $263.7 $756
1993 $387 $1,311 $256.7 $828
1994 $262.1 $1,316 $183.2 $951
1995 $348 $1,395 $248.3 $1,098
1996 $369 $1,444 $392 $1,793
1997 $345 $1,508 $717 $4,387
1998 $362 $1,537 $578 $5,280
1999 $525 $1,592 $931 $6,470
2000 $487 $1,671 $1,487 $7,420
2001 $492 $1,746 $1,949 $11,627
2002 $546 $1,800 $2,264 $13,255
2003 $676 $1,842 $2,931 $14,496
2004 $759 $1,915 $4,901 $19,354
2005 $779 $1,946 $8,674 $22,137
2006 $809 $2,021 $10,185 $23,511
2007 $912 $2,136 $12,617 $26,611
2008 $1,061 $2,215 $18,211 $30,523
2009 $1,024 $2,213 $13,233 $29,722
2010 $973 $2,220 $13,720 $26,168
2011 $1,059 $2,265 $17,198 $27,242
2012 $1,072 $2,346 $17,309 $30,012
2013 $1,169 $2,512 $16,304 $27,910
2014 $1,204 $2,670 $15,549 $27,177
2015 $1,002 $2,725 $9,069 $19,479
2016 $1,011 $2,842 $7,453 $16,649
2017 $1,055 $2,886 $7,809 $18,435
2018 $1,152 $2,965 $8,102 $18,413
2019 $1,131 $3,149 $6,804 $16,451
2020 $1,200 $3,245 $5,764 $13,677
2021 $1,319 $3,464 $6,946 $16,821
2022 $1,266 $3,844 $7,589 $18,140
2023 $1,394 $4,130 $6,678 $17,412
2024 $1,485 $4,435 $6,745 $17,567

Spending and national debt comparison

In 2024, Benin's government spending was $3.92B, accounting for 18.7% of its GDP, while Equatorial Guinea's spent $2.52B, or 18.7% of GDP.

Debt-to-GDP ratio is 52.5% in Benin and 35.1% in Equatorial Guinea, ranking 103/185 and 148/185, respectively.

Benin
Government spending

Government debt
Equatorial Guinea
Government spending

Government debt
Year % of GDP
Benin Equatorial Guinea
Government spending Government debt Government spending Government debt
1985 - - 115.4% 183.8%
1986 - - 119% 152.5%
1987 - - 183% 141.3%
1988 - - 227.9% 154.5%
1989 17.1% 50.3% 116.8% 187%
1990 13.3% 45.3% 212.9% 157%
1991 12.6% 44% 284.5% 169.5%
1992 13.5% 41.8% 595% 136.9%
1993 12% 41.9% 256.3% 152.6%
1994 13.6% 64.6% 510% 216%
1995 14.8% 48.3% 141.5% 136.9%
1996 13.3% 43.4% 22.9% 91.2%
1997 12.7% 42.9% 14.8% 46.3%
1998 10.9% 39.2% 35.1% 59.2%
1999 10.7% 39.4% 18.7% 60.5%
2000 15.6% 39.6% 22.6% 36.6%
2001 15.4% 38% 13.5% 25.5%
2002 15.3% 30.8% 11.3% 19.4%
2003 13.7% 23.4% 13.9% 6.77%
2004 13.4% 21.5% 10.8% 4.54%
2005 14.1% 27% 14.1% 2.85%
2006 13% 8.37% 18.1% 1.22%
2007 15.8% 14.3% 19.7% 0.75%
2008 14.5% 18.3% 19.9% 0.49%
2009 17% 18.7% 39.8% 4.34%
2010 14.1% 21% 31.2% 7.89%
2011 14.7% 21.9% 27.5% 7.17%
2012 14.2% 19.5% 35.2% 7.1%
2013 14.9% 18.5% 29.3% 6.27%
2014 14.2% 22.3% 31.6% 12.6%
2015 18.2% 30.9% 41.6% 31.7%
2016 15.4% 35.9% 27.8% 41.1%
2017 17.8% 39.6% 20.1% 36.2%
2018 16.6% 41.1% 19.1% 40.6%
2019 14.6% 41.2% 16.8% 43.2%
2020 19.1% 46.1% 16.2% 49.4%
2021 19.9% 50.3% 12.7% 42.3%
2022 19.9% 54.2% 14.8% 29.8%
2023 19.2% 54.9% 19.2% 36.3%
2024 18.3% 54% 19.7% 36.2%
2025 18.7% 52.5% 18.7% 35.1%

Government deficit by year

In 2024, Benin's government deficit, the difference between spending and revenue, was -$666M, equivalent to -3.1% of GDP. This compares to Equatorial Guinea's deficit of -$158M, or -1.23% of GDP.

Over the past 36 years, Benin recorded a fiscal deficit in 31 of those years, while Equatorial Guinea ran a deficit in 21 years. On average, Benin posted an annual deficit equal to -1.85% of GDP, compared to deficit of -49.7% of GDP for Equatorial Guinea.

Deficit/surplus
Benin

Equatorial Guinea
Year Deficit/surplus, % of GDP
Benin Equatorial Guinea
1985 - -89.3%
1986 - -97.3%
1987 - -158%
1988 - -208.5%
1989 0.89% -76.2%
1990 -2.37% -160.2%
1991 -2.25% -236%
1992 -1.98% -557%
1993 -0.41% -217.9%
1994 -1.57% -487%
1995 -1.91% -123.4%
1996 -0.11% -6.36%
1997 0.47% 3.21%
1998 1.83% -7.65%
1999 1.94% -0.19%
2000 -3.69% -2.67%
2001 -3.27% 14.9%
2002 -3.33% 17.6%
2003 -1.07% 7.85%
2004 -0.7% 13.9%
2005 -1.52% 18.5%
2006 -0.15% 21.8%
2007 0.22% 17.2%
2008 -0.04% 14.6%
2009 -2.24% -6.47%
2010 -0.28% -4.53%
2011 -0.98% 0.83%
2012 -0.22% -7.24%
2013 -1.37% -4.4%
2014 -1.65% -7.54%
2015 -5.55% -15.1%
2016 -4.29% -10.9%
2017 -4.2% -2.59%
2018 -2.98% 0.52%
2019 -0.54% 1.82%
2020 -4.68% -1.77%
2021 -5.71% 2.65%
2022 -5.55% 11.7%
2023 -4.13% 2.39%
2024 -3.1% -1.23%
2025 -2.9% -0.78%

Inflation comparison by year

Over the past 30 years, Benin has recorded an average annual inflation rate of 2.37%, compared with 3.91% in Equatorial Guinea. In 2025, inflation was 2.1% in Benin and 2.9% in Equatorial Guinea.

Inflation
Benin

Equatorial Guinea
Year Inflation
Benin Equatorial Guinea Benin Equatorial Guinea
1996 4.9% 4.5%
1997 3.8% 3%
1998 5.8% 7.9%
1999 0.3% 0.4%
2000 4.2% 4.8%
2001 4% 8.7%
2002 2.4% 7.6%
2003 1.5% 7.3%
2004 0.9% 4.2%
2005 5.4% 5.6%
2006 3.8% 4.5%
2007 1.3% 2.8%
2008 7.4% 4.7%
2009 0.9% 5.7%
2010 2.1% 5.3%
2011 2.7% 4.8%
2012 6.7% 3.4%
2013 0.4% 3.2%
2014 -0.6% 4.3%
2015 0.2% 1.7%
2016 -0.8% 1.4%
2017 1.8% 0.7%
2018 0.8% 1.3%
2019 -0.9% 1.2%
2020 3% 4.8%
2021 1.7% -0.1%
2022 1.4% 4.9%
2023 2.7% 2.4%
2024 1.2% 3.4%
2025 2.1% 2.9%

Top exports between countries

Benin
Export category Export value
Processed food, beverages & tobacco $142K
Textiles & consumer goods $53K
Machinery & equipment $52K
Animal & marine products $34K
Metals $33K
Chemicals & pharma $18K
Raw agricultural goods $16K
Raw materials & minerals $8K
Miscellaneous $4K
Wood & paper products $3K
Equatorial Guinea
Export category Export value

Balance of trade

Benin Equatorial Guinea
Current account balance
-$1.61B
2023
-$344M
1996
Current account balance ranking
134/189
2023
99/189
1996
Current account balance, % of GDP
-8.18%
2023
-148%
1996
Goods imports
$4.65B
2023
$292M
1996
Goods exports
$4.05B
2023
$175M
1996
Service imports
$1.54B
2023
$185M
1996
Service exports
$461M
2023
$4.88M
1996
Imports of goods and services, % of GDP
21.8%
2024
25.4%
2024
Exports of goods and services, % of GDP
18.8%
2024
35.2%
2024

Economic freedom indices

The indices of economic freedom below are issued by the Heritage Foundation. Higher scores indicate stronger economic health.

Benin Equatorial Guinea
Economic freedom 58.5 47.7
Economic freedom ranking 105/197 175/197
Property rights 44.8 18.7
Government integrity 42.4 7.2
Judicial effectiveness 49.1 7.1
Tax burden 69.4 74.9
Government spending 88.4 92.5
Fiscal health 51.9 97.2
Business freedom 53.7 36.5
Labor freedom 58.7 44.9
Monetary freedom 80.3 74.3
Trade freedom 63 48.8
Investment freedom 50 40
Financial freedom 50 30

Economic freedom by year comparison

The Economic Freedom Index for Benin is 58.5, ranking 105/197, compared to 47.7 for Equatorial Guinea, ranking 175/197. The chart below displays a comparison of annual changes in economic freedom indexes.

Benin
Equatorial Guinea
Year Economic freedom index
Benin Equatorial Guinea
1996 54.5 -
1997 61.3 -
1998 61.7 -
1999 60.6 45.1
2000 61.5 45.6
2001 60.1 47.9
2002 57.3 46.4
2003 54.9 53.1
2004 54.6 53.3
2005 52.3 53.3
2006 54 51.5
2007 55.1 53.2
2008 55.2 51.6
2009 55.4 51.3
2010 55.4 48.6
2011 56 47.5
2012 55.7 42.8
2013 57.6 42.3
2014 57.1 44.4
2015 58.8 40.4
2016 59.3 43.7
2017 59.2 45
2018 56.7 42
2019 55.3 41
2020 55.2 48.3
2021 59.6 49.2
2022 61 47.2
2023 59.8 48.3
2024 57.7 47.7
2025 58.5 47.7

More economic indicators

Benin Equatorial Guinea
Services, % of GDP
48.9%
2024
51.1%
2024
Industry, % of GDP
17.4%
2024
45.8%
2024
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, % of GDP
24.2%
2024
3.15%
2024
GNI, Atlas method
$20.6B
2024
$8.96B
2024
GNI per capita, PPP
$4,390
2024
$12,330
2024
Total reserves including gold n/a
$1.54B
2023
Total reserves ranking n/a
134/177
2023
Net foreign direct investment
-$430M
2023
-$376M
1996
Net inflows of foreign direct investment
$543M
2024
$188M
2024
Net outflows of foreign direct investment
$60.3M
2024
$154M
2024
Servicing debt to the IMF, % of GNI
4.87%
2023
n/a
Poverty at national poverty lines
36.2%
2021
50.7%
2022
Gross capital formation, % of GDP
35.1%
2024
8.96%
2024

GDP per capita map

GDP per capita

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The current account balance is the sum of net trade in goods and services, net earnings from cross-border investments, and net transfer payments. It reflects a country's economic transactions with the rest of the world and is a fundamental component of the balance of payments. A surplus indicates that a country exports more than it imports, while a deficit shows the opposite.

Gross National Income (GNI) measures a country's total income. It encompasses income earned by residents, businesses, and foreign sources, defined as employee compensation and investment profits. GNI adds product taxes not included elsewhere and subtracts subsidies. It accounts for income from residents working abroad but excludes earnings from foreigners within the country.

A negative value for Net Foreign Direct Investment indicates a country is a net receiver of investments, as foreign inflows exceed outflows after Balance of Payments adjustments. A positive value indicates a net provider, with outflows exceeding inflows. Inflows are credits (increasing foreign claims on domestic assets), while outflows are debits (increasing domestic assets abroad).

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net inflows) shows how much capital foreign investors bring into a country after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of overseas companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in the reporting country. A positive number means more capital entered the country than was withdrawn, while a negative number means foreign investors pulled out more than they invested.

Foreign direct investment (FDI, net outflows) shows how much capital residents of a country invest abroad after accounting for any funds that flow back in the opposite direction. It represents the net value of domestic companies establishing, expanding, or financing businesses in other countries. A positive number means more capital was invested abroad than withdrawn, while a negative number means residents pulled back more than they invested.

Principal and interest payments to the IMF in currency, goods, or services on long-term debt expressed as a share of GNI.

Formerly gross domestic investment, gross capital formation measures the share of a country’s economic output invested in fixed assets, including buildings, machinery, and infrastructure. It indicates how much of the economy is devoted to building productive capacity.