Fertility & birth rates in Poland and Rwanda

Fertility rate in Poland vs Rwanda by year

Chart Table

Poland

Rwanda

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Poland	Rwanda
2023	1.16	3.7
2022	1.29	3.78
2021	1.33	3.84
2020	1.39	3.91
2019	1.44	3.99
2018	1.46	4.05
2017	1.48	4.08
2016	1.39	4.11
2015	1.32	4.11
2014	1.32	4.12
2013	1.29	4.14
2012	1.33	4.2
2011	1.33	4.33
2010	1.41	4.52
2009	1.4	4.71
2008	1.39	4.92
2007	1.31	5.14
2006	1.27	5.34
2005	1.24	5.5
2004	1.23	5.64
2003	1.22	5.74
2002	1.25	5.82
2001	1.31	5.89
2000	1.37	5.97
1999	1.37	6.06
1998	1.44	6.17
1997	1.51	6.24
1996	1.59	6.29
1995	1.62	6.35
1994	1.81	6.42
1993	1.87	6.48
1992	1.95	6.54
1991	2.07	6.62
1990	2.06	6.8
1989	2.08	7.03
1988	2.13	7.23
1987	2.15	7.43
1986	2.22	7.61
1985	2.33	7.79
1984	2.37	7.91
1983	2.42	8
1982	2.34	8.06
1981	2.24	8.1
1980	2.28	8.12
1979	2.28	8.13
1978	2.21	8.16
1977	2.23	8.14
1976	2.3	8.12
1975	2.27	8.1
1974	2.26	8.1
1973	2.26	8.09
1972	2.24	8.09
1971	2.25	8.09
1970	2.2	8.15
1969	2.2	8.18
1968	2.24	8.19
1967	2.33	8.21
1966	2.34	8.23
1965	2.52	8.25
1964	2.57	8.27
1963	2.7	8.27
1962	2.72	8.27
1961	2.83	8.28
1960	2.98	8.28

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Poland was 1.16 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.7 in Rwanda in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Poland vs Rwanda population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Poland

Rwanda

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Poland	Rwanda
2023	-135,743	312,762
2022	-143,605	312,145
2021	-184,907	309,895
2020	-120,050	312,692
2019	-34,169	313,525
2018	-26,582	312,512
2017	0	310,323
2016	-3,797	305,549
2015	-26,590	299,114
2014	0	292,779
2013	-19,020	286,331
2012	0	282,584
2011	11,419	282,922
2010	38,043	286,848
2009	30,521	287,034
2008	34,313	287,334
2007	11,436	285,791
2006	3,814	282,149
2005	-3,817	275,121
2004	-7,637	265,273
2003	-15,281	251,243
2002	-3,823	239,036
2001	3,825	230,845
2000	11,478	221,276
1999	0	210,518
1998	19,332	197,185
1997	34,785	174,687
1996	42,487	140,455
1995	46,314	121,137
1994	96,357	-719,479
1993	103,846	183,926
1992	118,928	188,025
1991	141,511	196,431
1990	160,066	207,895
1989	182,215	217,632
1988	215,599	223,759
1987	226,008	225,744
1986	258,448	225,526
1985	297,615	223,794
1984	332,137	219,337
1983	373,032	212,750
1982	369,551	205,147
1981	351,806	195,769
1980	348,627	184,988
1979	366,571	174,477
1978	339,166	163,779
1977	353,828	155,011
1976	367,612	147,665
1975	350,356	140,596
1974	346,893	135,743
1973	320,229	131,021
1972	314,028	126,403
1971	278,660	122,567
1970	280,913	119,273
1969	270,151	115,394
1968	280,963	111,422
1967	275,089	108,053
1966	297,801	105,128
1965	314,450	103,422
1964	326,965	102,562
1963	359,330	94,296
1962	360,671	102,548
1961	398,521	102,051
1960	444,562	100,627

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.37% in Poland and +2.24% in Rwanda.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been -0.18% in Poland and +2.45% in Rwanda.

Birth rate in Poland vs Rwanda by year

Chart Table

Poland

Rwanda

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Poland	Rwanda
2023	7.4	28.3
2022	8.3	28.9
2021	9	29.4
2020	9.5	30
2019	9.9	30.7
2018	10.2	31.2
2017	10.6	31.7
2016	10.1	32
2015	9.7	32.1
2014	9.9	32.2
2013	9.7	32.4
2012	10.1	32.9
2011	10.2	33.8
2010	10.9	35.1
2009	10.9	36.3
2008	10.9	37.6
2007	10.2	38.8
2006	9.8	39.9
2005	9.5	40.6
2004	9.3	41.1
2003	9.2	41.4
2002	9.3	41.8
2001	9.6	42.1
2000	9.9	42.1
1999	9.9	42.1
1998	10.2	42.2
1997	10.7	40.5
1996	11.1	37.2
1995	11.2	39.5
1994	12.5	48
1993	12.9	41.5
1992	13.4	42.2
1991	14.3	42.8
1990	14.4	44.1
1989	14.9	45.3
1988	15.6	46.6
1987	16.1	47.8
1986	17	49
1985	18.3	50.2
1984	19	51.1
1983	19.8	51.8
1982	19.5	52.4
1981	19	52.7
1980	19.6	52.7
1979	19.6	52.5
1978	19.1	52.1
1977	19.2	51.6
1976	19.6	51.1
1975	19	50.4
1974	18.5	50
1973	18	49.4
1972	17.5	48.9
1971	17.2	48.5
1970	16.8	48.2
1969	16.4	47.9
1968	16.3	47.6
1967	16.3	47.4
1966	16.8	47.6
1965	17.4	48
1964	18.1	48.8
1963	19.2	49.8
1962	19.8	50.9
1961	20.9	52
1960	22.6	52.9

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 7.4 in Poland and 28.3 in Rwanda, compared with 22.6 and 52.9, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Poland

Factual

UN forecast

Rwanda

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Poland	Rwanda
2100	10.3%	18.7%
2099	10.3%	18.9%
2098	10.4%	19%
2097	10.4%	19.1%
2096	10.5%	19.3%
2095	10.5%	19.4%
2094	10.6%	19.6%
2093	10.7%	19.7%
2092	10.7%	19.9%
2091	10.8%	20%
2090	10.9%	20.2%
2089	10.9%	20.4%
2088	10.9%	20.5%
2087	10.9%	20.7%
2086	10.9%	20.9%
2085	10.9%	21.1%
2084	10.9%	21.3%
2083	10.9%	21.5%
2082	10.8%	21.7%
2081	10.7%	21.9%
2080	10.7%	22.1%
2079	10.6%	22.2%
2078	10.5%	22.4%
2077	10.4%	22.6%
2076	10.3%	22.8%
2075	10.3%	23%
2074	10.2%	23.2%
2073	10.1%	23.4%
2072	10.1%	23.6%
2071	10.1%	23.8%
2070	10.1%	24%
2069	10.1%	24.2%
2068	10.2%	24.4%
2067	10.2%	24.6%
2066	10.3%	24.9%
2065	10.4%	25.1%
2064	10.5%	25.3%
2063	10.6%	25.6%
2062	10.7%	25.8%
2061	10.9%	26.1%
2060	11%	26.4%
2059	11.1%	26.7%
2058	11.2%	27%
2057	11.3%	27.3%
2056	11.4%	27.6%
2055	11.5%	27.9%
2054	11.5%	28.3%
2053	11.5%	28.6%
2052	11.5%	28.9%
2051	11.5%	29.2%
2050	11.5%	29.5%
2049	11.4%	29.8%
2048	11.4%	30.1%
2047	11.3%	30.4%
2046	11.2%	30.7%
2045	11.2%	31%
2044	11.1%	31.2%
2043	11.1%	31.5%
2042	11%	31.8%
2041	11%	32.1%
2040	11.1%	32.4%
2039	11.1%	32.7%
2038	11.2%	33%
2037	11.3%	33.3%
2036	11.4%	33.6%
2035	11.6%	33.9%
2034	11.9%	34.2%
2033	12.2%	34.6%
2032	12.5%	34.9%
2031	12.8%	35.2%
2030	13.1%	35.6%
2029	13.4%	35.9%
2028	13.7%	36.2%
2027	14%	36.5%
2026	14.3%	36.9%
2025	14.6%	37.2%
2024	14.8%	37.4%
2023	15.1%	37.7%
2022	15.3%	38.2%
2021	15.5%	38.6%
2020	15.5%	39.2%
2019	15.4%	39.7%
2018	15.3%	40.1%
2017	15.2%	40.5%
2016	15.1%	40.9%
2015	15.1%	41.1%
2014	15.1%	41.4%
2013	15.1%	41.7%
2012	15.1%	41.9%
2011	15.2%	42.2%
2010	15.1%	42.4%
2009	15.2%	42.6%
2008	15.4%	42.8%
2007	15.7%	42.9%
2006	16%	42.9%
2005	16.5%	43.1%
2004	17%	43.3%
2003	17.5%	43.7%
2002	18.1%	44.3%
2001	18.7%	45.2%
2000	19.4%	46.4%
1999	20.2%	47.8%
1998	20.9%	49.2%
1997	21.6%	50.5%
1996	22.2%	51.4%
1995	22.8%	52.4%
1994	23.4%	50.1%
1993	23.9%	48.4%
1992	24.3%	48.7%
1991	24.6%	48.9%
1990	25%	49%
1989	25.3%	48.9%
1988	25.5%	48.9%
1987	25.6%	48.8%
1986	25.6%	48.6%
1985	25.5%	48.3%
1984	25.3%	48.1%
1983	25%	47.7%
1982	24.7%	47.4%
1981	24.5%	47.1%
1980	24.3%	46.8%
1979	24.1%	46.5%
1978	24%	46.4%
1977	24%	46.4%
1976	24%	46.4%
1975	24%	46.6%
1974	24.3%	46.9%
1973	24.8%	47.2%
1972	25.4%	47.5%
1971	26.1%	47.9%
1970	26.9%	48.2%
1969	27.8%	48.7%
1968	28.6%	49.2%
1967	29.5%	49.7%
1966	30.3%	50.2%
1965	31.1%	50.6%
1964	31.9%	50.8%
1963	32.5%	50.6%
1962	33%	50.2%
1961	33.4%	49.7%
1960	33.4%	49.2%

Children aged 0-14 make up 14.8% of the population in Poland and 37.4% in Rwanda in 2024, compared to 25% and 49% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Poland and Rwanda compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Poland vs Rwanda

Chart Table

Poland

Rwanda

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Poland	Rwanda
2023	2	229
2022	2	234
2021	2	254
2020	3	252
2019	2	261
2018	2	269
2017	2	275
2016	2	278
2015	2	292
2014	2	301
2013	2	317
2012	2	331
2011	2	358
2010	3	393
2009	3	418
2008	3	454
2007	3	494
2006	4	494
2005	4	465
2004	4	460
2003	5	551
2002	5	677
2001	6	769
2000	7	885
1999	8	1,073
1998	9	1,268
1997	10	1,318
1996	11	1,295
1995	12	1,505
1994	14	5,721
1993	15	1,619
1992	16	1,530
1991	18	1,386
1990	18	1,309
1989	18	1,238
1988	18	1,188
1987	18	1,145
1986	19	1,126
1985	19	1,116

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 2 deaths per 100,000 live births in Poland, compared to 229 deaths in Rwanda.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Poland

Rwanda

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Poland	Rwanda
2023	0.44%	4%
2022	0.44%	4.08%
2021	0.44%	4.16%
2020	0.44%	4.25%
2019	0.44%	4.34%
2018	0.45%	4.43%
2017	0.46%	4.52%
2016	0.48%	4.63%
2015	0.49%	4.78%
2014	0.5%	4.96%
2013	0.52%	5.17%
2012	0.54%	5.45%
2011	0.57%	5.81%
2010	0.6%	6.33%
2009	0.63%	6.92%
2008	0.67%	7.62%
2007	0.7%	8.45%
2006	0.73%	9.37%
2005	0.76%	10.5%
2004	0.78%	11.8%
2003	0.81%	13.3%
2002	0.84%	14.9%
2001	0.88%	16.7%
2000	0.93%	18.5%
1999	1%	20.2%
1998	1.09%	21.5%
1997	1.2%	22.2%
1996	1.32%	22.2%
1995	1.43%	21.8%
1994	1.53%	38.9%
1993	1.6%	19.3%
1992	1.65%	17.5%
1991	1.69%	16%
1990	1.74%	15.1%
1989	1.79%	14.8%
1988	1.84%	14.8%
1987	1.89%	15.2%
1986	1.96%	15.6%
1985	2.03%	16.1%
1984	2.11%	16.6%
1983	2.19%	17.4%
1982	2.26%	18.6%
1981	2.33%	20.1%
1980	2.4%	21.8%
1979	2.47%	23.4%
1978	2.54%	24.6%
1977	2.62%	25.1%
1976	2.7%	25.1%
1975	2.79%	24.6%
1974	2.9%	24%
1973	3.06%	23.4%
1972	3.24%	23%
1971	3.42%	22.6%
1970	3.59%	22.3%
1969	3.75%	22%
1968	3.89%	21.7%
1967	4.06%	21.4%
1966	4.29%	21.2%
1965	4.57%	21.1%
1964	4.89%	21.1%
1963	5.23%	21.3%
1962	5.6%	21.5%
1961	6.02%	21.9%
1960	6.51%	22.4%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.44% in Poland and 4% in Rwanda. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.