Fertility & birth rates in Luxembourg and Poland

Fertility rate in Luxembourg vs Poland by year

Chart Table

Luxembourg

Poland

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Luxembourg	Poland
2023	1.25	1.16
2022	1.31	1.29
2021	1.38	1.33
2020	1.36	1.39
2019	1.34	1.44
2018	1.38	1.46
2017	1.39	1.48
2016	1.41	1.39
2015	1.47	1.32
2014	1.5	1.32
2013	1.55	1.29
2012	1.57	1.33
2011	1.52	1.33
2010	1.63	1.41
2009	1.59	1.4
2008	1.61	1.39
2007	1.61	1.31
2006	1.65	1.27
2005	1.63	1.24
2004	1.66	1.23
2003	1.62	1.22
2002	1.63	1.25
2001	1.66	1.31
2000	1.76	1.37
1999	1.74	1.37
1998	1.68	1.44
1997	1.71	1.51
1996	1.77	1.59
1995	1.7	1.62
1994	1.72	1.81
1993	1.7	1.87
1992	1.64	1.95
1991	1.6	2.07
1990	1.6	2.06
1989	1.52	2.08
1988	1.51	2.13
1987	1.4	2.15
1986	1.43	2.22
1985	1.38	2.33
1984	1.42	2.37
1983	1.43	2.42
1982	1.49	2.34
1981	1.55	2.24
1980	1.5	2.28
1979	1.48	2.28
1978	1.48	2.21
1977	1.5	2.23
1976	1.48	2.3
1975	1.55	2.27
1974	1.58	2.26
1973	1.58	2.26
1972	1.75	2.24
1971	1.95	2.25
1970	1.97	2.2
1969	2.02	2.2
1968	2.12	2.24
1967	2.24	2.33
1966	2.34	2.34
1965	2.42	2.52
1964	2.34	2.57
1963	-	2.7
1962	2.37	2.72
1961	-	2.83
1960	2.29	2.98

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Luxembourg was 1.25 children per woman in 2023, compared to 1.16 in Poland in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Luxembourg vs Poland population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Luxembourg

Poland

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Luxembourg	Poland
2023	1,933	-135,743
2022	2,024	-143,605
2021	2,240	-184,907
2020	1,828	-120,050
2019	1,922	-34,169
2018	1,945	-26,582
2017	1,968	0
2016	2,095	-3,797
2015	2,107	-26,590
2014	2,225	0
2013	2,336	-19,020
2012	2,124	0
2011	1,814	11,419
2010	2,129	38,043
2009	1,991	30,521
2008	2,003	34,313
2007	1,584	11,436
2006	1,748	3,814
2005	1,721	-3,817
2004	1,878	-7,637
2003	1,220	-15,281
2002	1,607	-3,823
2001	1,766	3,825
2000	1,963	11,478
1999	1,808	0
1998	1,486	19,332
1997	1,552	34,785
1996	1,781	42,487
1995	1,634	46,314
1994	1,652	96,357
1993	1,470	103,846
1992	1,098	118,928
1991	1,239	141,511
1990	1,145	160,066
1989	679	182,215
1988	747	215,599
1987	222	226,008
1986	331	258,448
1985	74	297,615
1984	146	332,137
1983	37	373,032
1982	183	369,551
1981	329	351,806
1980	37	348,627
1979	72	366,571
1978	-145	339,166
1977	-36	353,828
1976	-578	367,612
1975	-395	350,356
1974	-390	346,893
1973	-421	320,229
1972	-35	314,028
1971	69	278,660
1970	272	280,913
1969	303	270,151
1968	604	280,963
1967	837	275,089
1966	1,168	297,801
1965	1,260	314,450
1964	1,377	326,965
1963	1,199	359,330
1962	1,091	360,671
1961	1,489	398,521
1960	1,319	444,562

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +0.29% in Luxembourg and -0.37% in Poland.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +0.33% in Luxembourg and -0.18% in Poland.

Birth rate in Luxembourg vs Poland by year

Chart Table

Luxembourg

Poland

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Luxembourg	Poland
2023	9.5	7.4
2022	9.9	8.3
2021	10.5	9
2020	10.2	9.5
2019	10	9.9
2018	10.3	10.2
2017	10.4	10.6
2016	10.4	10.1
2015	10.7	9.7
2014	10.9	9.9
2013	11.3	9.7
2012	11.3	10.1
2011	10.9	10.2
2010	11.6	10.9
2009	11.3	10.9
2008	11.5	10.9
2007	11.4	10.2
2006	11.7	9.8
2005	11.5	9.5
2004	11.9	9.3
2003	11.7	9.2
2002	12	9.3
2001	12.4	9.6
2000	13.1	9.9
1999	13	9.9
1998	12.7	10.2
1997	13.1	10.7
1996	13.7	11.1
1995	13.3	11.2
1994	13.5	12.5
1993	13.5	12.9
1992	13.1	13.4
1991	12.9	14.3
1990	12.9	14.4
1989	12.4	14.9
1988	12.3	15.6
1987	11.4	16.1
1986	11.7	17
1985	11.2	18.3
1984	11.5	19
1983	11.4	19.8
1982	11.8	19.5
1981	12.1	19
1980	11.4	19.6
1979	11.2	19.6
1978	11.2	19.1
1977	11.2	19.2
1976	10.9	19.6
1975	11.1	19
1974	11.1	18.5
1973	10.8	18
1972	11.8	17.5
1971	13	17.2
1970	13	16.8
1969	13.3	16.4
1968	14	16.3
1967	14.8	16.3
1966	15.6	16.8
1965	16	17.4
1964	16	18.1
1963	15.8	19.2
1962	16	19.8
1961	16.1	20.9
1960	16	22.6

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 9.5 in Luxembourg and 7.4 in Poland, compared with 16 and 22.6, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Luxembourg

Factual

UN forecast

Poland

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Luxembourg	Poland
2100	12.9%	10.3%
2099	12.9%	10.3%
2098	12.9%	10.4%
2097	12.9%	10.4%
2096	13%	10.5%
2095	13%	10.5%
2094	13%	10.6%
2093	13%	10.7%
2092	13%	10.7%
2091	13%	10.8%
2090	13%	10.9%
2089	13%	10.9%
2088	13%	10.9%
2087	13%	10.9%
2086	13%	10.9%
2085	13%	10.9%
2084	12.9%	10.9%
2083	12.9%	10.9%
2082	12.9%	10.8%
2081	12.9%	10.7%
2080	12.9%	10.7%
2079	13%	10.6%
2078	13%	10.5%
2077	13%	10.4%
2076	13%	10.3%
2075	13.1%	10.3%
2074	13.1%	10.2%
2073	13.1%	10.1%
2072	13.2%	10.1%
2071	13.2%	10.1%
2070	13.3%	10.1%
2069	13.3%	10.1%
2068	13.3%	10.2%
2067	13.4%	10.2%
2066	13.4%	10.3%
2065	13.4%	10.4%
2064	13.5%	10.5%
2063	13.5%	10.6%
2062	13.5%	10.7%
2061	13.5%	10.9%
2060	13.5%	11%
2059	13.5%	11.1%
2058	13.5%	11.2%
2057	13.5%	11.3%
2056	13.5%	11.4%
2055	13.5%	11.5%
2054	13.5%	11.5%
2053	13.5%	11.5%
2052	13.5%	11.5%
2051	13.5%	11.5%
2050	13.5%	11.5%
2049	13.5%	11.4%
2048	13.5%	11.4%
2047	13.5%	11.3%
2046	13.6%	11.2%
2045	13.6%	11.2%
2044	13.7%	11.1%
2043	13.8%	11.1%
2042	14%	11%
2041	14.1%	11%
2040	14.3%	11.1%
2039	14.4%	11.1%
2038	14.6%	11.2%
2037	14.7%	11.3%
2036	14.8%	11.4%
2035	14.9%	11.6%
2034	15%	11.9%
2033	15.2%	12.2%
2032	15.3%	12.5%
2031	15.4%	12.8%
2030	15.4%	13.1%
2029	15.6%	13.4%
2028	15.6%	13.7%
2027	15.7%	14%
2026	15.7%	14.3%
2025	15.8%	14.6%
2024	15.8%	14.8%
2023	15.8%	15.1%
2022	15.9%	15.3%
2021	15.9%	15.5%
2020	16%	15.5%
2019	16%	15.4%
2018	16.1%	15.3%
2017	16.2%	15.2%
2016	16.4%	15.1%
2015	16.6%	15.1%
2014	16.7%	15.1%
2013	16.9%	15.1%
2012	17.1%	15.1%
2011	17.4%	15.2%
2010	17.7%	15.1%
2009	17.8%	15.2%
2008	18%	15.4%
2007	18.2%	15.7%
2006	18.4%	16%
2005	18.5%	16.5%
2004	18.7%	17%
2003	18.8%	17.5%
2002	18.9%	18.1%
2001	18.9%	18.7%
2000	18.9%	19.4%
1999	18.9%	20.2%
1998	18.8%	20.9%
1997	18.7%	21.6%
1996	18.6%	22.2%
1995	18.4%	22.8%
1994	18.3%	23.4%
1993	18%	23.9%
1992	17.8%	24.3%
1991	17.6%	24.6%
1990	17.4%	25%
1989	17.2%	25.3%
1988	17%	25.5%
1987	16.9%	25.6%
1986	17%	25.6%
1985	17.2%	25.5%
1984	17.5%	25.3%
1983	17.8%	25%
1982	18.1%	24.7%
1981	18.4%	24.5%
1980	18.8%	24.3%
1979	19.2%	24.1%
1978	19.5%	24%
1977	19.9%	24%
1976	20.2%	24%
1975	20.5%	24%
1974	20.9%	24.3%
1973	21.2%	24.8%
1972	21.6%	25.4%
1971	22%	26.1%
1970	22.2%	26.9%
1969	22.4%	27.8%
1968	22.5%	28.6%
1967	22.6%	29.5%
1966	22.5%	30.3%
1965	22.3%	31.1%
1964	22.1%	31.9%
1963	21.9%	32.5%
1962	21.7%	33%
1961	21.5%	33.4%
1960	21.2%	33.4%

Children aged 0-14 make up 15.8% of the population in Luxembourg and 14.8% in Poland in 2024, compared to 17.4% and 25% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Luxembourg and Poland compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Luxembourg vs Poland

Chart Table

Luxembourg

Poland

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Luxembourg	Poland
2023	11	2
2022	6	2
2021	6	2
2020	6	3
2019	12	2
2018	9	2
2017	15	2
2016	13	2
2015	13	2
2014	13	2
2013	15	2
2012	13	2
2011	13	2
2010	17	3
2009	15	3
2008	13	3
2007	14	3
2006	16	4
2005	17	4
2004	17	4
2003	15	5
2002	17	5
2001	19	6
2000	18	7
1999	21	8
1998	18	9
1997	22	10
1996	23	11
1995	22	12
1994	20	14
1993	20	15
1992	26	16
1991	25	18
1990	24	18
1989	21	18
1988	24	18
1987	23	18
1986	24	19
1985	24	19

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 11 deaths per 100,000 live births in Luxembourg, compared to 2 deaths in Poland.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Luxembourg

Poland

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Luxembourg	Poland
2023	0.23%	0.44%
2022	0.24%	0.44%
2021	0.24%	0.44%
2020	0.25%	0.44%
2019	0.25%	0.44%
2018	0.25%	0.45%
2017	0.25%	0.46%
2016	0.25%	0.48%
2015	0.26%	0.49%
2014	0.26%	0.5%
2013	0.26%	0.52%
2012	0.27%	0.54%
2011	0.27%	0.57%
2010	0.28%	0.6%
2009	0.29%	0.63%
2008	0.3%	0.67%
2007	0.31%	0.7%
2006	0.33%	0.73%
2005	0.35%	0.76%
2004	0.37%	0.78%
2003	0.39%	0.81%
2002	0.42%	0.84%
2001	0.44%	0.88%
2000	0.47%	0.93%
1999	0.5%	1%
1998	0.53%	1.09%
1997	0.56%	1.2%
1996	0.6%	1.32%
1995	0.64%	1.43%
1994	0.68%	1.53%
1993	0.73%	1.6%
1992	0.78%	1.65%
1991	0.83%	1.69%
1990	0.88%	1.74%
1989	0.93%	1.79%
1988	0.97%	1.84%
1987	1.02%	1.89%
1986	1.07%	1.96%
1985	1.12%	2.03%
1984	1.16%	2.11%
1983	1.21%	2.19%
1982	1.25%	2.26%
1981	1.29%	2.33%
1980	1.34%	2.4%
1979	1.39%	2.47%
1978	1.44%	2.54%
1977	1.51%	2.62%
1976	1.58%	2.7%
1975	1.67%	2.79%
1974	1.77%	2.9%
1973	1.88%	3.06%
1972	1.99%	3.24%
1971	2.11%	3.42%
1970	2.24%	3.59%
1969	2.36%	3.75%
1968	2.48%	3.89%
1967	2.61%	4.06%
1966	2.75%	4.29%
1965	2.89%	4.57%
1964	3.04%	4.89%
1963	3.2%	5.23%
1962	3.36%	5.6%
1961	3.54%	6.02%
1960	3.72%	6.51%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.23% in Luxembourg and 0.44% in Poland. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.