Fertility & birth rates in Costa Rica and Rwanda

Fertility rate in Costa Rica vs Rwanda by year

Chart Table

Costa Rica

Rwanda

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Costa Rica	Rwanda
2023	1.33	3.7
2022	1.34	3.78
2021	1.35	3.84
2020	1.45	3.91
2019	1.6	3.99
2018	1.71	4.05
2017	1.71	4.08
2016	1.75	4.11
2015	1.8	4.11
2014	1.8	4.12
2013	1.78	4.14
2012	1.85	4.2
2011	1.88	4.33
2010	1.83	4.52
2009	1.95	4.71
2008	1.98	4.92
2007	1.95	5.14
2006	1.94	5.34
2005	2.04	5.5
2004	2.03	5.64
2003	2.08	5.74
2002	2.16	5.82
2001	2.31	5.89
2000	2.41	5.97
1999	2.48	6.06
1998	2.53	6.17
1997	2.59	6.24
1996	2.68	6.29
1995	2.78	6.35
1994	2.86	6.42
1993	2.93	6.48
1992	3	6.54
1991	3.08	6.62
1990	3.17	6.8
1989	3.24	7.03
1988	3.31	7.23
1987	3.38	7.43
1986	3.45	7.61
1985	3.51	7.79
1984	3.52	7.91
1983	3.53	8
1982	3.54	8.06
1981	3.56	8.1
1980	3.58	8.12
1979	3.65	8.13
1978	3.66	8.16
1977	3.7	8.14
1976	3.75	8.12
1975	3.8	8.1
1974	3.89	8.1
1973	3.99	8.09
1972	4.16	8.09
1971	4.36	8.09
1970	4.59	8.15
1969	4.84	8.18
1968	5.03	8.19
1967	5.42	8.21
1966	5.7	8.23
1965	5.96	8.25
1964	6.19	8.27
1963	6.39	8.27
1962	6.54	8.27
1961	6.65	8.28
1960	6.71	8.28

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Costa Rica was 1.33 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.7 in Rwanda in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Costa Rica vs Rwanda population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Costa Rica

Rwanda

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Costa Rica	Rwanda
2023	24,109	312,762
2022	21,409	312,145
2021	20,119	309,895
2020	29,164	312,692
2019	37,682	313,525
2018	42,469	312,512
2017	43,471	310,323
2016	45,565	305,549
2015	49,077	299,114
2014	49,559	292,779
2013	49,227	286,331
2012	52,036	282,584
2011	52,884	282,922
2010	50,803	286,848
2009	55,757	287,034
2008	56,491	287,334
2007	55,244	285,791
2006	54,177	282,149
2005	57,139	275,121
2004	55,769	265,273
2003	56,743	251,243
2002	58,388	239,036
2001	62,199	230,845
2000	64,268	221,276
1999	64,922	210,518
1998	64,788	197,185
1997	64,954	174,687
1996	66,094	140,455
1995	67,585	121,137
1994	68,336	-719,479
1993	69,016	183,926
1992	69,830	188,025
1991	70,506	196,431
1990	71,727	207,895
1989	72,327	217,632
1988	72,944	223,759
1987	73,188	225,744
1986	73,211	225,526
1985	72,776	223,794
1984	71,062	219,337
1983	68,972	212,750
1982	66,826	205,147
1981	64,632	195,769
1980	62,561	184,988
1979	60,984	174,477
1978	58,327	163,779
1977	56,122	155,011
1976	54,019	147,665
1975	51,979	140,596
1974	50,349	135,743
1973	48,943	131,021
1972	48,417	126,403
1971	48,341	122,567
1970	48,398	119,273
1969	48,790	115,394
1968	48,361	111,422
1967	50,193	108,053
1966	50,755	105,128
1965	51,196	103,422
1964	51,435	102,562
1963	51,403	94,296
1962	51,046	102,548
1961	50,149	102,051
1960	48,857	100,627

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +0.47% in Costa Rica and +2.24% in Rwanda.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +0.74% in Costa Rica and +2.45% in Rwanda.

Birth rate in Costa Rica vs Rwanda by year

Chart Table

Costa Rica

Rwanda

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Costa Rica	Rwanda
2023	10.2	28.3
2022	10.3	28.9
2021	10.5	29.4
2020	11.4	30
2019	12.7	30.7
2018	13.6	31.2
2017	13.8	31.7
2016	14.2	32
2015	14.7	32.1
2014	14.8	32.2
2013	14.8	32.4
2012	15.5	32.9
2011	15.8	33.8
2010	15.4	35.1
2009	16.5	36.3
2008	16.8	37.6
2007	16.6	38.8
2006	16.4	39.9
2005	17.3	40.6
2004	17.1	41.1
2003	17.6	41.4
2002	18.2	41.8
2001	19.4	42.1
2000	20.2	42.1
1999	20.7	42.1
1998	21	42.2
1997	21.5	40.5
1996	22.2	37.2
1995	23	39.5
1994	23.6	48
1993	24.3	41.5
1992	25	42.2
1991	25.7	42.8
1990	26.7	44.1
1989	27.5	45.3
1988	28.3	46.6
1987	29.1	47.8
1986	29.8	49
1985	30.4	50.2
1984	30.5	51.1
1983	30.5	51.8
1982	30.5	52.4
1981	30.4	52.7
1980	30.4	52.7
1979	30.5	52.5
1978	30.2	52.1
1977	30	51.6
1976	29.9	51.1
1975	29.8	50.4
1974	29.9	50
1973	30.1	49.4
1972	30.7	48.9
1971	31.6	48.5
1970	32.6	48.2
1969	33.8	47.9
1968	34.6	47.6
1967	36.8	47.4
1966	38.3	47.6
1965	39.9	48
1964	41.4	48.8
1963	42.7	49.8
1962	43.9	50.9
1961	44.8	52
1960	45.5	52.9

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 10.2 in Costa Rica and 28.3 in Rwanda, compared with 45.5 and 52.9, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Costa Rica

Factual

UN forecast

Rwanda

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Costa Rica	Rwanda
2100	10.3%	18.7%
2099	10.3%	18.9%
2098	10.3%	19%
2097	10.3%	19.1%
2096	10.3%	19.3%
2095	10.4%	19.4%
2094	10.4%	19.6%
2093	10.4%	19.7%
2092	10.4%	19.9%
2091	10.4%	20%
2090	10.5%	20.2%
2089	10.5%	20.4%
2088	10.5%	20.5%
2087	10.5%	20.7%
2086	10.5%	20.9%
2085	10.5%	21.1%
2084	10.5%	21.3%
2083	10.6%	21.5%
2082	10.6%	21.7%
2081	10.5%	21.9%
2080	10.5%	22.1%
2079	10.5%	22.2%
2078	10.5%	22.4%
2077	10.5%	22.6%
2076	10.5%	22.8%
2075	10.5%	23%
2074	10.5%	23.2%
2073	10.5%	23.4%
2072	10.5%	23.6%
2071	10.5%	23.8%
2070	10.5%	24%
2069	10.6%	24.2%
2068	10.6%	24.4%
2067	10.7%	24.6%
2066	10.8%	24.9%
2065	10.8%	25.1%
2064	10.9%	25.3%
2063	11%	25.6%
2062	11.2%	25.8%
2061	11.3%	26.1%
2060	11.4%	26.4%
2059	11.5%	26.7%
2058	11.7%	27%
2057	11.8%	27.3%
2056	11.9%	27.6%
2055	12.1%	27.9%
2054	12.2%	28.3%
2053	12.3%	28.6%
2052	12.4%	28.9%
2051	12.6%	29.2%
2050	12.7%	29.5%
2049	12.8%	29.8%
2048	12.9%	30.1%
2047	13%	30.4%
2046	13%	30.7%
2045	13.1%	31%
2044	13.2%	31.2%
2043	13.3%	31.5%
2042	13.4%	31.8%
2041	13.5%	32.1%
2040	13.5%	32.4%
2039	13.6%	32.7%
2038	13.7%	33%
2037	13.9%	33.3%
2036	14%	33.6%
2035	14.2%	33.9%
2034	14.5%	34.2%
2033	14.9%	34.6%
2032	15.3%	34.9%
2031	15.7%	35.2%
2030	16.2%	35.6%
2029	16.7%	35.9%
2028	17.1%	36.2%
2027	17.6%	36.5%
2026	18.1%	36.9%
2025	18.5%	37.2%
2024	18.8%	37.4%
2023	19.3%	37.7%
2022	19.8%	38.2%
2021	20.3%	38.6%
2020	20.7%	39.2%
2019	21.1%	39.7%
2018	21.4%	40.1%
2017	21.8%	40.5%
2016	22.1%	40.9%
2015	22.5%	41.1%
2014	23%	41.4%
2013	23.4%	41.7%
2012	23.9%	41.9%
2011	24.3%	42.2%
2010	24.9%	42.4%
2009	25.4%	42.6%
2008	25.9%	42.8%
2007	26.5%	42.9%
2006	27.1%	42.9%
2005	27.7%	43.1%
2004	28.4%	43.3%
2003	29.1%	43.7%
2002	29.8%	44.3%
2001	30.5%	45.2%
2000	31.1%	46.4%
1999	31.8%	47.8%
1998	32.4%	49.2%
1997	33%	50.5%
1996	33.6%	51.4%
1995	34.1%	52.4%
1994	34.6%	50.1%
1993	35%	48.4%
1992	35.4%	48.7%
1991	35.7%	48.9%
1990	36%	49%
1989	36.1%	48.9%
1988	36.2%	48.9%
1987	36.2%	48.8%
1986	36.3%	48.6%
1985	36.3%	48.3%
1984	36.4%	48.1%
1983	36.5%	47.7%
1982	36.7%	47.4%
1981	37.1%	47.1%
1980	37.5%	46.8%
1979	38%	46.5%
1978	38.6%	46.4%
1977	39.2%	46.4%
1976	40%	46.4%
1975	40.8%	46.6%
1974	41.5%	46.9%
1973	42.3%	47.2%
1972	43.1%	47.5%
1971	43.8%	47.9%
1970	44.4%	48.2%
1969	45%	48.7%
1968	45.5%	49.2%
1967	45.9%	49.7%
1966	46.3%	50.2%
1965	46.5%	50.6%
1964	46.6%	50.8%
1963	46.7%	50.6%
1962	46.7%	50.2%
1961	46.6%	49.7%
1960	46.4%	49.2%

Children aged 0-14 make up 18.8% of the population in Costa Rica and 37.4% in Rwanda in 2024, compared to 36% and 49% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Costa Rica and Rwanda compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Costa Rica vs Rwanda

Chart Table

Costa Rica

Rwanda

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Costa Rica	Rwanda
2023	24	229
2022	27	234
2021	44	254
2020	34	252
2019	26	261
2018	28	269
2017	27	275
2016	27	278
2015	26	292
2014	27	301
2013	27	317
2012	27	331
2011	28	358
2010	29	393
2009	29	418
2008	30	454
2007	30	494
2006	30	494
2005	31	465
2004	33	460
2003	33	551
2002	34	677
2001	35	769
2000	36	885
1999	36	1,073
1998	37	1,268
1997	38	1,318
1996	39	1,295
1995	39	1,505
1994	39	5,721
1993	39	1,619
1992	39	1,530
1991	39	1,386
1990	40	1,309
1989	40	1,238
1988	40	1,188
1987	41	1,145
1986	42	1,126
1985	43	1,116

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 24 deaths per 100,000 live births in Costa Rica, compared to 229 deaths in Rwanda.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Costa Rica

Rwanda

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Costa Rica	Rwanda
2023	1.05%	4%
2022	1.01%	4.08%
2021	0.97%	4.16%
2020	0.94%	4.25%
2019	0.91%	4.34%
2018	0.89%	4.43%
2017	0.89%	4.52%
2016	0.89%	4.63%
2015	0.9%	4.78%
2014	0.92%	4.96%
2013	0.95%	5.17%
2012	0.98%	5.45%
2011	1.02%	5.81%
2010	1.05%	6.33%
2009	1.07%	6.92%
2008	1.09%	7.62%
2007	1.11%	8.45%
2006	1.12%	9.37%
2005	1.13%	10.5%
2004	1.15%	11.8%
2003	1.18%	13.3%
2002	1.22%	14.9%
2001	1.26%	16.7%
2000	1.31%	18.5%
1999	1.36%	20.2%
1998	1.41%	21.5%
1997	1.45%	22.2%
1996	1.47%	22.2%
1995	1.49%	21.8%
1994	1.51%	38.9%
1993	1.53%	19.3%
1992	1.57%	17.5%
1991	1.62%	16%
1990	1.69%	15.1%
1989	1.78%	14.8%
1988	1.89%	14.8%
1987	2.01%	15.2%
1986	2.12%	15.6%
1985	2.2%	16.1%
1984	2.25%	16.6%
1983	2.27%	17.4%
1982	2.29%	18.6%
1981	2.33%	20.1%
1980	2.45%	21.8%
1979	2.65%	23.4%
1978	2.96%	24.6%
1977	3.39%	25.1%
1976	3.93%	25.1%
1975	4.54%	24.6%
1974	5.17%	24%
1973	5.82%	23.4%
1972	6.45%	23%
1971	7.02%	22.6%
1970	7.48%	22.3%
1969	7.85%	22%
1968	8.17%	21.7%
1967	8.49%	21.4%
1966	8.78%	21.2%
1965	9.02%	21.1%
1964	9.18%	21.1%
1963	9.25%	21.3%
1962	9.27%	21.5%
1961	9.36%	21.9%
1960	9.62%	22.4%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 1.05% in Costa Rica and 4% in Rwanda. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.