Fertility & birth rates in Australia and Rwanda

Fertility rate in Australia vs Rwanda chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Australia was 1.5 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.7 in Rwanda in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Australia vs Rwanda population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Australia	Rwanda
1960	3.45	8.28
1961	3.54	8.28
1962	3.44	8.27
1963	3.33	8.27
1964	3.15	8.27
1965	2.98	8.25
1966	2.88	8.23
1967	2.85	8.21
1968	2.89	8.19
1969	2.89	8.18
1970	2.86	8.15
1971	2.96	8.09
1972	2.74	8.09
1973	2.49	8.09
1974	2.4	8.1
1975	2.15	8.1
1976	2.06	8.12
1977	2.01	8.14
1978	1.95	8.16
1979	1.91	8.13
1980	1.89	8.12
1981	1.94	8.1
1982	1.93	8.06
1983	1.92	8
1984	1.84	7.91
1985	1.92	7.79
1986	1.87	7.61
1987	1.85	7.43
1988	1.83	7.23
1989	1.84	7.03
1990	1.9	6.8
1991	1.85	6.62
1992	1.89	6.54
1993	1.86	6.48
1994	1.84	6.42
1995	1.82	6.35
1996	1.8	6.29
1997	1.78	6.24
1998	1.76	6.17
1999	1.76	6.06
2000	1.76	5.97
2001	1.74	5.89
2002	1.76	5.82
2003	1.75	5.74
2004	1.77	5.64
2005	1.81	5.5
2006	1.91	5.34
2007	1.96	5.14
2008	1.98	4.92
2009	1.97	4.71
2010	1.93	4.52
2011	1.93	4.33
2012	1.92	4.2
2013	1.86	4.14
2014	1.83	4.12
2015	1.81	4.11
2016	1.75	4.11
2017	1.74	4.08
2018	1.74	4.05
2019	1.66	3.99
2020	1.58	3.91
2021	1.7	3.84
2022	1.63	3.78
2023	1.5	3.7
2024	1.5	3.64
2025	1.5	3.59
2026	1.5	3.54
2027	1.5	3.49
2028	1.51	3.43
2029	1.5	3.38
2030	1.51	3.33
2031	1.5	3.28
2032	1.5	3.24
2033	1.5	3.19
2034	1.5	3.15
2035	1.5	3.11
2036	1.5	3.07
2037	1.5	3.03
2038	1.5	2.99
2039	1.5	2.95
2040	1.5	2.92
2041	1.5	2.89
2042	1.5	2.85
2043	1.5	2.81
2044	1.5	2.78
2045	1.5	2.75
2046	1.5	2.72
2047	1.5	2.69
2048	1.5	2.67
2049	1.5	2.64
2050	1.5	2.61

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Australia	Rwanda
1960	30.2%	49.2%
1961	30.2%	49.7%
1962	30.1%	50.2%
1963	29.9%	50.6%
1964	29.8%	50.8%
1965	29.6%	50.6%
1966	29.5%	50.2%
1967	29.3%	49.7%
1968	29.1%	49.2%
1969	28.9%	48.7%
1970	28.8%	48.2%
1971	28.7%	47.9%
1972	28.5%	47.5%
1973	28.2%	47.2%
1974	27.9%	46.9%
1975	27.5%	46.6%
1976	27%	46.4%
1977	26.5%	46.4%
1978	26.1%	46.4%
1979	25.6%	46.5%
1980	25.3%	46.8%
1981	25%	47.1%
1982	24.7%	47.4%
1983	24.4%	47.7%
1984	24%	48.1%
1985	23.6%	48.3%
1986	23.1%	48.6%
1987	22.7%	48.8%
1988	22.4%	48.9%
1989	22.2%	48.9%
1990	22%	49%
1991	21.9%	48.9%
1992	21.8%	48.7%
1993	21.7%	48.4%
1994	21.7%	50.1%
1995	21.5%	52.4%
1996	21.4%	51.4%
1997	21.2%	50.5%
1998	21.1%	49.2%
1999	20.9%	47.8%
2000	20.8%	46.4%
2001	20.6%	45.2%
2002	20.4%	44.3%
2003	20.2%	43.7%
2004	20%	43.3%
2005	19.8%	43.1%
2006	19.6%	42.9%
2007	19.4%	42.9%
2008	19.3%	42.8%
2009	19.2%	42.6%
2010	19.1%	42.4%
2011	19%	42.2%
2012	18.9%	41.9%
2013	18.9%	41.7%
2014	18.9%	41.4%
2015	18.9%	41.1%
2016	18.9%	40.9%
2017	18.8%	40.5%
2018	18.8%	40.1%
2019	18.7%	39.7%
2020	18.6%	39.2%
2021	18.4%	38.6%
2022	18.2%	38.2%
2023	18%	37.7%
2024	17.8%	37.4%
2025	17.7%	37%
2026	17.5%	36.7%
2027	17.4%	36.4%
2028	17.2%	36%
2029	17%	35.7%
2030	16.9%	35.4%
2031	16.7%	35%
2032	16.6%	34.7%
2033	16.5%	34.4%
2034	16.4%	34.1%
2035	16.3%	33.7%
2036	16.2%	33.4%
2037	16.1%	33.1%
2038	16%	32.9%
2039	15.9%	32.6%
2040	15.9%	32.3%
2041	15.8%	32%
2042	15.8%	31.7%
2043	15.7%	31.4%
2044	15.7%	31.1%
2045	15.7%	30.8%
2046	15.7%	30.5%
2047	15.7%	30.2%
2048	15.7%	29.9%
2049	15.7%	29.7%
2050	15.7%	29.4%

Children aged 0-14 make up 17.8% of the population in Australia and 37.4% in Rwanda in 2024, compared to 22% and 49% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Australia and Rwanda compared.

Natural population change in Australia vs Rwanda by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +0.56% in Australia and +2.45% in Rwanda. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Australia	Rwanda
1960	141,816	100,627
1961	150,955	102,051
1962	143,943	102,548
1963	140,161	94,296
1964	128,420	102,562
1965	122,990	103,422
1966	126,996	105,128
1967	126,249	108,053
1968	132,099	111,422
1969	143,477	115,394
1970	145,081	119,273
1971	165,593	122,567
1972	155,488	126,403
1973	136,476	131,021
1974	128,996	135,743
1975	123,648	140,596
1976	115,070	147,665
1977	117,793	155,011
1978	116,299	163,779
1979	116,112	174,477
1980	117,536	184,988
1981	125,356	195,769
1982	126,030	205,147
1983	130,844	212,750
1984	123,077	219,337
1985	143,674	223,794
1986	123,342	225,526
1987	128,484	225,744
1988	127,298	223,759
1989	127,789	217,632
1990	143,347	207,895
1991	138,273	196,431
1992	139,829	188,025
1993	137,551	183,926
1994	131,761	-719,479
1995	131,436	121,137
1996	125,751	140,455
1997	121,592	174,687
1998	120,949	197,185
1999	118,517	210,518
2000	119,882	221,276
2001	117,575	230,845
2002	116,971	239,036
2003	118,325	251,243
2004	115,610	265,273
2005	129,132	275,121
2006	132,931	282,149
2007	154,124	285,791
2008	155,119	287,334
2009	160,518	287,034
2010	158,628	286,848
2011	156,380	282,922
2012	161,408	282,584
2013	159,584	286,331
2014	154,940	292,779
2015	150,041	299,114
2016	152,403	305,549
2017	150,015	310,323
2018	157,269	312,512
2019	136,808	313,525
2020	133,376	312,692
2021	138,701	309,895
2022	111,862	312,145
2023	103,945	312,762

Maternal mortality chart: Australia vs Rwanda

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 2 deaths per 100,000 live births in Australia, compared to 229 deaths in Rwanda.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Australia	Rwanda
1985	9	1,116
1986	8	1,126
1987	9	1,145
1988	9	1,188
1989	9	1,238
1990	9	1,309
1991	9	1,386
1992	9	1,530
1993	9	1,619
1994	9	5,721
1995	9	1,505
1996	8	1,295
1997	8	1,318
1998	7	1,268
1999	7	1,073
2000	7	885
2001	6	769
2002	6	677
2003	5	551
2004	5	460
2005	5	465
2006	5	494
2007	5	494
2008	5	454
2009	5	418
2010	5	393
2011	6	358
2012	6	331
2013	6	317
2014	6	301
2015	6	292
2016	6	278
2017	6	275
2018	5	269
2019	5	261
2020	5	252
2021	4	254
2022	4	234
2023	2	229

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.37% in Australia and 4% in Rwanda. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Australia	Rwanda
1960	2.49%	22.4%
1961	2.43%	21.9%
1962	2.37%	21.5%
1963	2.32%	21.3%
1964	2.27%	21.1%
1965	2.24%	21.1%
1966	2.21%	21.2%
1967	2.2%	21.4%
1968	2.19%	21.7%
1969	2.18%	22%
1970	2.15%	22.3%
1971	2.1%	22.6%
1972	2.03%	23%
1973	1.94%	23.4%
1974	1.84%	24%
1975	1.73%	24.6%
1976	1.62%	25.1%
1977	1.52%	25.1%
1978	1.44%	24.6%
1979	1.36%	23.4%
1980	1.3%	21.8%
1981	1.26%	20.1%
1982	1.22%	18.6%
1983	1.19%	17.4%
1984	1.16%	16.6%
1985	1.13%	16.1%
1986	1.1%	15.6%
1987	1.06%	15.2%
1988	1.02%	14.8%
1989	0.97%	14.8%
1990	0.92%	15.1%
1991	0.87%	16%
1992	0.82%	17.5%
1993	0.77%	19.3%
1994	0.73%	38.9%
1995	0.7%	21.8%
1996	0.68%	22.2%
1997	0.66%	22.2%
1998	0.64%	21.5%
1999	0.63%	20.2%
2000	0.62%	18.5%
2001	0.61%	16.7%
2002	0.6%	14.9%
2003	0.59%	13.3%
2004	0.58%	11.8%
2005	0.57%	10.5%
2006	0.56%	9.37%
2007	0.54%	8.45%
2008	0.52%	7.62%
2009	0.5%	6.92%
2010	0.48%	6.33%
2011	0.45%	5.81%
2012	0.43%	5.45%
2013	0.41%	5.17%
2014	0.4%	4.96%
2015	0.39%	4.78%
2016	0.38%	4.63%
2017	0.38%	4.52%
2018	0.38%	4.43%
2019	0.38%	4.34%
2020	0.38%	4.25%
2021	0.37%	4.16%
2022	0.37%	4.08%
2023	0.37%	4%