Fertility & birth rates in Poland and Turkmenistan

Fertility rate in Poland vs Turkmenistan chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Poland was 1.16 children per woman in 2023, compared to 2.69 in Turkmenistan in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Poland vs Turkmenistan population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Poland	Turkmenistan
1960	2.98	6.59
1961	2.83	6.69
1962	2.72	6.76
1963	2.7	6.79
1964	2.57	6.79
1965	2.52	6.76
1966	2.34	6.7
1967	2.33	6.64
1968	2.24	6.56
1969	2.2	6.48
1970	2.2	6.4
1971	2.25	6.32
1972	2.24	6.2
1973	2.26	6.15
1974	2.26	6.09
1975	2.27	6
1976	2.3	5.9
1977	2.23	5.77
1978	2.21	5.61
1979	2.28	5.46
1980	2.28	5.3
1981	2.24	5.16
1982	2.34	5.04
1983	2.42	4.97
1984	2.37	4.96
1985	2.33	4.97
1986	2.22	4.94
1987	2.15	4.84
1988	2.13	4.68
1989	2.08	4.46
1990	2.06	4.29
1991	2.07	4.14
1992	1.95	3.96
1993	1.87	3.78
1994	1.81	3.62
1995	1.62	3.49
1996	1.59	3.29
1997	1.51	3.18
1998	1.44	3.08
1999	1.37	2.98
2000	1.37	2.9
2001	1.31	2.81
2002	1.25	2.71
2003	1.22	2.67
2004	1.23	2.67
2005	1.24	2.71
2006	1.27	2.72
2007	1.31	2.73
2008	1.39	2.75
2009	1.4	2.79
2010	1.41	2.85
2011	1.33	2.9
2012	1.33	2.96
2013	1.29	3.01
2014	1.32	3.02
2015	1.32	3.03
2016	1.39	2.99
2017	1.48	2.93
2018	1.46	2.88
2019	1.44	2.83
2020	1.39	2.79
2021	1.33	2.75
2022	1.29	2.73
2023	1.16	2.69
2024	1.16	2.66
2025	1.17	2.63
2026	1.17	2.6
2027	1.17	2.57
2028	1.18	2.54
2029	1.18	2.51
2030	1.19	2.49
2031	1.19	2.46
2032	1.19	2.43
2033	1.2	2.41
2034	1.2	2.39
2035	1.21	2.37
2036	1.21	2.35
2037	1.21	2.33
2038	1.21	2.31
2039	1.22	2.29
2040	1.22	2.27
2041	1.22	2.26
2042	1.22	2.24
2043	1.23	2.22
2044	1.23	2.21
2045	1.24	2.19
2046	1.24	2.18
2047	1.24	2.16
2048	1.24	2.15
2049	1.24	2.14
2050	1.25	2.13

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Poland	Turkmenistan
1960	33.4%	40.4%
1961	33.4%	41.7%
1962	33%	42.8%
1963	32.5%	43.8%
1964	31.9%	44.5%
1965	31.1%	44.9%
1966	30.3%	45.2%
1967	29.5%	45.4%
1968	28.6%	45.6%
1969	27.8%	45.5%
1970	26.9%	45.4%
1971	26.1%	45.1%
1972	25.4%	44.8%
1973	24.8%	44.4%
1974	24.3%	43.9%
1975	24%	43.4%
1976	24%	43%
1977	24%	42.5%
1978	24%	42.1%
1979	24.1%	41.6%
1980	24.3%	41.3%
1981	24.5%	41%
1982	24.7%	40.8%
1983	25%	40.7%
1984	25.3%	40.7%
1985	25.5%	40.7%
1986	25.6%	40.8%
1987	25.6%	41%
1988	25.5%	41.1%
1989	25.3%	41.2%
1990	25%	41.2%
1991	24.6%	41.2%
1992	24.3%	41.1%
1993	23.9%	41%
1994	23.4%	40.8%
1995	22.8%	40.5%
1996	22.2%	40.2%
1997	21.6%	39.6%
1998	20.9%	38.9%
1999	20.2%	38.1%
2000	19.4%	37.3%
2001	18.7%	36.4%
2002	18.1%	35.6%
2003	17.5%	34.8%
2004	17%	34%
2005	16.5%	33.3%
2006	16%	32.6%
2007	15.7%	31.9%
2008	15.4%	31.3%
2009	15.2%	30.8%
2010	15.1%	30.3%
2011	15.2%	30%
2012	15.1%	29.7%
2013	15.1%	29.6%
2014	15.1%	29.6%
2015	15.1%	29.7%
2016	15.1%	29.9%
2017	15.2%	30.2%
2018	15.3%	30.5%
2019	15.4%	30.9%
2020	15.5%	31.2%
2021	15.5%	31.5%
2022	15.3%	31.7%
2023	15.1%	31.7%
2024	14.8%	31.5%
2025	14.5%	31.2%
2026	14.1%	30.8%
2027	13.8%	30.3%
2028	13.5%	29.7%
2029	13.2%	29.1%
2030	13%	28.4%
2031	12.7%	27.7%
2032	12.4%	27%
2033	12.1%	26.4%
2034	11.8%	25.8%
2035	11.5%	25.3%
2036	11.3%	24.8%
2037	11.2%	24.4%
2038	11.1%	24%
2039	11.1%	23.7%
2040	11.1%	23.4%
2041	11%	23.3%
2042	11.1%	23.1%
2043	11.1%	23.1%
2044	11.1%	23%
2045	11.2%	23%
2046	11.3%	23%
2047	11.3%	23%
2048	11.4%	23%
2049	11.5%	23%
2050	11.5%	22.9%

Children aged 0-14 make up 14.8% of the population in Poland and 31.5% in Turkmenistan in 2024, compared to 25% and 41.2% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Poland and Turkmenistan compared.

Natural population change in Poland vs Turkmenistan by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been -0.18% in Poland and +1.9% in Turkmenistan. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Poland	Turkmenistan
1960	444,562	49,436
1961	398,521	51,659
1962	360,671	53,248
1963	359,330	54,203
1964	326,965	54,574
1965	314,450	54,558
1966	297,801	54,353
1967	275,089	54,209
1968	280,963	54,324
1969	270,151	54,791
1970	280,913	55,617
1971	278,660	56,666
1972	314,028	57,326
1973	320,229	59,169
1974	346,893	60,925
1975	350,356	62,681
1976	367,612	64,513
1977	353,828	66,318
1978	339,166	68,437
1979	366,571	71,135
1980	348,627	74,394
1981	351,806	77,829
1982	369,551	80,989
1983	373,032	85,183
1984	332,137	90,591
1985	297,615	95,890
1986	258,448	100,930
1987	226,008	103,885
1988	215,599	104,802
1989	182,215	103,553
1990	160,066	101,099
1991	141,511	99,297
1992	118,928	96,668
1993	103,846	92,596
1994	96,357	89,319
1995	46,314	86,289
1996	42,487	80,996
1997	34,785	79,045
1998	19,332	77,342
1999	0	76,362
2000	11,478	76,875
2001	3,825	76,682
2002	-3,823	75,639
2003	-15,281	76,737
2004	-7,637	79,850
2005	-3,817	83,968
2006	3,814	87,840
2007	11,436	92,038
2008	34,313	96,815
2009	30,521	102,931
2010	38,043	109,318
2011	11,419	115,197
2012	0	120,957
2013	-19,020	126,217
2014	0	129,677
2015	-26,590	132,663
2016	-3,797	132,581
2017	0	131,417
2018	-26,582	129,537
2019	-34,169	128,275
2020	-120,050	124,014
2021	-184,907	122,721
2022	-143,605	121,814
2023	-135,743	117,529

Maternal mortality chart: Poland vs Turkmenistan

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 2 deaths per 100,000 live births in Poland, compared to 5 deaths in Turkmenistan.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Poland	Turkmenistan
1985	19	77
1986	19	75
1987	18	72
1988	18	69
1989	18	65
1990	18	62
1991	18	60
1992	16	58
1993	15	56
1994	14	54
1995	12	50
1996	11	46
1997	10	40
1998	9	34
1999	8	29
2000	7	25
2001	6	22
2002	5	20
2003	5	18
2004	4	17
2005	4	15
2006	4	14
2007	3	13
2008	3	11
2009	3	10
2010	3	9
2011	2	8
2012	2	7
2013	2	7
2014	2	6
2015	2	6
2016	2	6
2017	2	5
2018	2	5
2019	2	5
2020	3	5
2021	2	6
2022	2	5
2023	2	5

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.44% in Poland and 4% in Turkmenistan. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Poland	Turkmenistan
1960	6.51%	-
1961	6.02%	-
1962	5.6%	-
1963	5.23%	-
1964	4.89%	-
1965	4.57%	-
1966	4.29%	-
1967	4.06%	-
1968	3.89%	-
1969	3.75%	-
1970	3.59%	-
1971	3.42%	-
1972	3.24%	-
1973	3.06%	-
1974	2.9%	-
1975	2.79%	-
1976	2.7%	-
1977	2.62%	13.2%
1978	2.54%	12.8%
1979	2.47%	12.3%
1980	2.4%	11.9%
1981	2.33%	11.4%
1982	2.26%	10.9%
1983	2.19%	10.5%
1984	2.11%	9.98%
1985	2.03%	9.51%
1986	1.96%	9.08%
1987	1.89%	8.7%
1988	1.84%	8.36%
1989	1.79%	8.09%
1990	1.74%	7.91%
1991	1.69%	7.83%
1992	1.65%	7.83%
1993	1.6%	7.87%
1994	1.53%	7.92%
1995	1.43%	7.94%
1996	1.32%	7.9%
1997	1.2%	7.79%
1998	1.09%	7.59%
1999	1%	7.31%
2000	0.93%	6.97%
2001	0.88%	6.61%
2002	0.84%	6.24%
2003	0.81%	5.88%
2004	0.78%	5.56%
2005	0.76%	5.25%
2006	0.73%	4.99%
2007	0.7%	4.77%
2008	0.67%	4.6%
2009	0.63%	4.45%
2010	0.6%	4.36%
2011	0.57%	4.29%
2012	0.54%	4.25%
2013	0.52%	4.25%
2014	0.5%	4.25%
2015	0.49%	4.29%
2016	0.48%	4.33%
2017	0.46%	4.37%
2018	0.45%	4.36%
2019	0.44%	4.33%
2020	0.44%	4.26%
2021	0.44%	4.18%
2022	0.44%	4.1%
2023	0.44%	4%