Fertility & birth rates in Botswana and Rwanda

Fertility rate in Botswana vs Rwanda by year

Chart Table

Botswana

Rwanda

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Botswana	Rwanda
2023	2.73	3.7
2022	2.79	3.78
2021	2.83	3.84
2020	2.86	3.91
2019	2.91	3.99
2018	2.94	4.05
2017	2.97	4.08
2016	2.99	4.11
2015	3.01	4.11
2014	3.03	4.12
2013	3.05	4.14
2012	3.07	4.2
2011	3.1	4.33
2010	3.14	4.52
2009	3.13	4.71
2008	3.13	4.92
2007	3.13	5.14
2006	3.11	5.34
2005	3.08	5.5
2004	3.06	5.64
2003	3.11	5.74
2002	3.18	5.82
2001	3.25	5.89
2000	3.29	5.97
1999	3.31	6.06
1998	3.36	6.17
1997	3.43	6.24
1996	3.57	6.29
1995	3.79	6.35
1994	4.02	6.42
1993	4.15	6.48
1992	4.26	6.54
1991	4.37	6.62
1990	4.51	6.8
1989	4.67	7.03
1988	4.88	7.23
1987	5.1	7.43
1986	5.33	7.61
1985	5.48	7.79
1984	5.63	7.91
1983	5.79	8
1982	5.97	8.06
1981	6.16	8.1
1980	6.29	8.12
1979	6.4	8.13
1978	6.48	8.16
1977	6.54	8.14
1976	6.6	8.12
1975	6.61	8.1
1974	6.61	8.1
1973	6.59	8.09
1972	6.56	8.09
1971	6.54	8.09
1970	6.55	8.15
1969	6.56	8.18
1968	6.58	8.19
1967	6.6	8.21
1966	6.61	8.23
1965	6.6	8.25
1964	6.61	8.27
1963	6.58	8.27
1962	6.54	8.27
1961	6.56	8.28
1960	6.6	8.28

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Botswana was 2.73 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.7 in Rwanda in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Botswana vs Rwanda population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Botswana

Rwanda

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Botswana	Rwanda
2023	47,098	312,762
2022	47,400	312,145
2021	40,894	309,895
2020	45,610	312,692
2019	45,110	313,525
2018	44,171	312,512
2017	43,154	310,323
2016	41,993	305,549
2015	40,897	299,114
2014	40,046	292,779
2013	39,404	286,331
2012	39,202	282,584
2011	38,613	282,922
2010	38,101	286,848
2009	36,671	287,034
2008	35,433	287,334
2007	33,832	285,791
2006	31,340	282,149
2005	29,385	275,121
2004	27,481	265,273
2003	26,545	251,243
2002	26,163	239,036
2001	26,112	230,845
2000	25,850	221,276
1999	25,358	210,518
1998	25,397	197,185
1997	25,738	174,687
1996	26,847	140,455
1995	28,478	121,137
1994	30,664	-719,479
1993	31,691	183,926
1992	31,995	188,025
1991	32,219	196,431
1990	33,015	207,895
1989	33,756	217,632
1988	34,564	223,759
1987	35,647	225,744
1986	36,203	225,526
1985	35,966	223,794
1984	35,530	219,337
1983	35,142	212,750
1982	34,859	205,147
1981	34,327	195,769
1980	33,934	184,988
1979	32,486	174,477
1978	30,596	163,779
1977	29,009	155,011
1976	27,497	147,665
1975	25,762	140,596
1974	24,160	135,743
1973	22,449	131,021
1972	21,004	126,403
1971	19,926	122,567
1970	19,438	119,273
1969	19,024	115,394
1968	18,725	111,422
1967	18,463	108,053
1966	18,250	105,128
1965	18,045	103,422
1964	17,634	102,562
1963	17,084	94,296
1962	16,507	102,548
1961	16,185	102,051
1960	15,861	100,627

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +1.9% in Botswana and +2.24% in Rwanda.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been +1.88% in Botswana and +2.45% in Rwanda.

Birth rate in Botswana vs Rwanda by year

Chart Table

Botswana

Rwanda

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Botswana	Rwanda
2023	24.7	28.3
2022	25.3	28.9
2021	25.4	29.4
2020	25.5	30
2019	25.8	30.7
2018	25.9	31.2
2017	26.1	31.7
2016	26.3	32
2015	26.5	32.1
2014	26.8	32.2
2013	27.2	32.4
2012	27.7	32.9
2011	28	33.8
2010	28.4	35.1
2009	28.4	36.3
2008	28.4	37.6
2007	28.3	38.8
2006	28.1	39.9
2005	27.7	40.6
2004	27.3	41.1
2003	27.4	41.4
2002	27.6	41.8
2001	27.9	42.1
2000	27.9	42.1
1999	27.7	42.1
1998	27.7	42.2
1997	27.9	40.5
1996	28.6	37.2
1995	29.9	39.5
1994	31.3	48
1993	31.9	41.5
1992	32.4	42.2
1991	32.8	42.8
1990	33.6	44.1
1989	34.5	45.3
1988	35.8	46.6
1987	37.2	47.8
1986	38.5	49
1985	39.4	50.2
1984	40.2	51.1
1983	41.2	51.8
1982	42.3	52.4
1981	43.4	52.7
1980	44.7	52.7
1979	44.7	52.5
1978	45.1	52.1
1977	45.8	51.6
1976	46.2	51.1
1975	46.2	50.4
1974	46.1	50
1973	45.7	49.4
1972	45.5	48.9
1971	45.5	48.5
1970	45.7	48.2
1969	45.5	47.9
1968	45.5	47.6
1967	45.5	47.4
1966	45.6	47.6
1965	45.8	48
1964	45.8	48.8
1963	45.9	49.8
1962	46	50.9
1961	46.6	52
1960	47.1	52.9

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 24.7 in Botswana and 28.3 in Rwanda, compared with 47.1 and 52.9, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Botswana

Factual

UN forecast

Rwanda

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Botswana	Rwanda
2100	16.9%	18.7%
2099	16.9%	18.9%
2098	17%	19%
2097	17.1%	19.1%
2096	17.2%	19.3%
2095	17.3%	19.4%
2094	17.4%	19.6%
2093	17.5%	19.7%
2092	17.5%	19.9%
2091	17.6%	20%
2090	17.7%	20.2%
2089	17.8%	20.4%
2088	17.8%	20.5%
2087	17.9%	20.7%
2086	18%	20.9%
2085	18.1%	21.1%
2084	18.2%	21.3%
2083	18.2%	21.5%
2082	18.3%	21.7%
2081	18.4%	21.9%
2080	18.5%	22.1%
2079	18.6%	22.2%
2078	18.7%	22.4%
2077	18.9%	22.6%
2076	19%	22.8%
2075	19.1%	23%
2074	19.3%	23.2%
2073	19.4%	23.4%
2072	19.6%	23.6%
2071	19.8%	23.8%
2070	20%	24%
2069	20.2%	24.2%
2068	20.3%	24.4%
2067	20.5%	24.6%
2066	20.7%	24.9%
2065	20.9%	25.1%
2064	21.1%	25.3%
2063	21.3%	25.6%
2062	21.5%	25.8%
2061	21.7%	26.1%
2060	21.8%	26.4%
2059	22%	26.7%
2058	22.2%	27%
2057	22.4%	27.3%
2056	22.5%	27.6%
2055	22.7%	27.9%
2054	22.9%	28.3%
2053	23%	28.6%
2052	23.2%	28.9%
2051	23.4%	29.2%
2050	23.6%	29.5%
2049	23.9%	29.8%
2048	24.1%	30.1%
2047	24.4%	30.4%
2046	24.7%	30.7%
2045	25%	31%
2044	25.3%	31.2%
2043	25.7%	31.5%
2042	26.1%	31.8%
2041	26.5%	32.1%
2040	26.9%	32.4%
2039	27.4%	32.7%
2038	27.9%	33%
2037	28.3%	33.3%
2036	29%	33.6%
2035	29.4%	33.9%
2034	29.8%	34.2%
2033	30.1%	34.6%
2032	30.5%	34.9%
2031	30.8%	35.2%
2030	31.1%	35.6%
2029	31.3%	35.9%
2028	31.5%	36.2%
2027	31.7%	36.5%
2026	31.9%	36.9%
2025	32%	37.2%
2024	32.1%	37.4%
2023	32.3%	37.7%
2022	32.4%	38.2%
2021	32.6%	38.6%
2020	32.9%	39.2%
2019	33.3%	39.7%
2018	33.6%	40.1%
2017	33.9%	40.5%
2016	34.2%	40.9%
2015	34.4%	41.1%
2014	34.4%	41.4%
2013	34.4%	41.7%
2012	34.2%	41.9%
2011	34%	42.2%
2010	34.1%	42.4%
2009	34.2%	42.6%
2008	34.5%	42.8%
2007	34.8%	42.9%
2006	35.1%	42.9%
2005	35.5%	43.1%
2004	35.9%	43.3%
2003	36.5%	43.7%
2002	37.1%	44.3%
2001	37.7%	45.2%
2000	38.4%	46.4%
1999	39.1%	47.8%
1998	39.8%	49.2%
1997	40.6%	50.5%
1996	41.4%	51.4%
1995	42.2%	52.4%
1994	43%	50.1%
1993	43.7%	48.4%
1992	44.2%	48.7%
1991	44.7%	48.9%
1990	45.1%	49%
1989	45.5%	48.9%
1988	45.8%	48.9%
1987	46%	48.8%
1986	46.1%	48.6%
1985	46.2%	48.3%
1984	46.2%	48.1%
1983	46.2%	47.7%
1982	46.2%	47.4%
1981	46.2%	47.1%
1980	46.1%	46.8%
1979	46%	46.5%
1978	46.5%	46.4%
1977	47%	46.4%
1976	47.3%	46.4%
1975	47.7%	46.6%
1974	48.2%	46.9%
1973	48.6%	47.2%
1972	49.1%	47.5%
1971	49.3%	47.9%
1970	49.2%	48.2%
1969	48.9%	48.7%
1968	48.6%	49.2%
1967	48.2%	49.7%
1966	47.9%	50.2%
1965	47.5%	50.6%
1964	47.2%	50.8%
1963	46.8%	50.6%
1962	46.2%	50.2%
1961	45.6%	49.7%
1960	45.1%	49.2%

Children aged 0-14 make up 32.1% of the population in Botswana and 37.4% in Rwanda in 2024, compared to 45.1% and 49% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Botswana and Rwanda compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Botswana vs Rwanda

Chart Table

Botswana

Rwanda

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Botswana	Rwanda
2023	155	229
2022	120	234
2021	165	254
2020	98	252
2019	100	261
2018	99	269
2017	46	275
2016	72	278
2015	141	292
2014	212	301
2013	221	317
2012	288	331
2011	269	358
2010	228	393
2009	213	418
2008	199	454
2007	201	494
2006	204	494
2005	166	465
2004	151	460
2003	142	551
2002	140	677
2001	138	769
2000	136	885
1999	131	1,073
1998	126	1,268
1997	123	1,318
1996	130	1,295
1995	148	1,505
1994	182	5,721
1993	230	1,619
1992	263	1,530
1991	283	1,386
1990	296	1,309
1989	300	1,238
1988	319	1,188
1987	302	1,145
1986	304	1,126
1985	313	1,116

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 155 deaths per 100,000 live births in Botswana, compared to 229 deaths in Rwanda.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Botswana

Rwanda

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Botswana	Rwanda
2023	3.96%	4%
2022	4.07%	4.08%
2021	4.2%	4.16%
2020	4.39%	4.25%
2019	4.5%	4.34%
2018	4.59%	4.43%
2017	4.65%	4.52%
2016	4.9%	4.63%
2015	4.98%	4.78%
2014	5.11%	4.96%
2013	5.1%	5.17%
2012	5.34%	5.45%
2011	5.68%	5.81%
2010	5.58%	6.33%
2009	5.78%	6.92%
2008	6.03%	7.62%
2007	6.16%	8.45%
2006	6.43%	9.37%
2005	7.03%	10.5%
2004	7.63%	11.8%
2003	7.85%	13.3%
2002	8%	14.9%
2001	8.12%	16.7%
2000	8.11%	18.5%
1999	7.91%	20.2%
1998	7.57%	21.5%
1997	7.37%	22.2%
1996	7.1%	22.2%
1995	6.74%	21.8%
1994	6.72%	38.9%
1993	6.2%	19.3%
1992	5.7%	17.5%
1991	5.29%	16%
1990	5.01%	15.1%
1989	4.87%	14.8%
1988	4.88%	14.8%
1987	5%	15.2%
1986	5.22%	15.6%
1985	5.5%	16.1%
1984	5.8%	16.6%
1983	6.12%	17.4%
1982	6.47%	18.6%
1981	6.86%	20.1%
1980	7.29%	21.8%
1979	7.74%	23.4%
1978	8.23%	24.6%
1977	8.77%	25.1%
1976	9.32%	25.1%
1975	9.88%	24.6%
1974	10.4%	24%
1973	10.9%	23.4%
1972	11.4%	23%
1971	11.9%	22.6%
1970	12.4%	22.3%
1969	12.8%	22%
1968	13.2%	21.7%
1967	13.6%	21.4%
1966	14%	21.2%
1965	14.5%	21.1%
1964	14.9%	21.1%
1963	15.3%	21.3%
1962	15.8%	21.5%
1961	16.3%	21.9%
1960	16.8%	22.4%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 3.96% in Botswana and 4% in Rwanda. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.