Fertility & birth rates in Poland and South Korea

Fertility rate in Poland vs South Korea chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Poland was 1.16 children per woman in 2023, compared to 0.72 in South Korea in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Poland vs South Korea population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Table

Year	Fertility rate
	Poland	South Korea
1960	2.98	5.99
1961	2.83	5.8
1962	2.72	5.56
1963	2.7	5.33
1964	2.57	5.07
1965	2.52	4.89
1966	2.34	4.78
1967	2.33	4.62
1968	2.24	4.51
1969	2.2	4.45
1970	2.2	4.53
1971	2.25	4.54
1972	2.24	4.12
1973	2.26	4.07
1974	2.26	3.77
1975	2.27	3.43
1976	2.3	3
1977	2.23	2.99
1978	2.21	2.64
1979	2.28	2.9
1980	2.28	2.82
1981	2.24	2.57
1982	2.34	2.39
1983	2.42	2.06
1984	2.37	1.74
1985	2.33	1.66
1986	2.22	1.58
1987	2.15	1.53
1988	2.13	1.55
1989	2.08	1.56
1990	2.06	1.57
1991	2.07	1.71
1992	1.95	1.76
1993	1.87	1.65
1994	1.81	1.66
1995	1.62	1.63
1996	1.59	1.57
1997	1.51	1.54
1998	1.44	1.46
1999	1.37	1.43
2000	1.37	1.48
2001	1.31	1.31
2002	1.25	1.18
2003	1.22	1.19
2004	1.23	1.16
2005	1.24	1.09
2006	1.27	1.13
2007	1.31	1.26
2008	1.39	1.19
2009	1.4	1.15
2010	1.41	1.23
2011	1.33	1.24
2012	1.33	1.3
2013	1.29	1.19
2014	1.32	1.21
2015	1.32	1.24
2016	1.39	1.17
2017	1.48	1.05
2018	1.46	0.98
2019	1.44	0.92
2020	1.39	0.84
2021	1.33	0.81
2022	1.29	0.78
2023	1.16	0.72
2024	1.16	0.73
2025	1.17	0.75
2026	1.17	0.76
2027	1.17	0.78
2028	1.18	0.79
2029	1.18	0.8
2030	1.19	0.82
2031	1.19	0.83
2032	1.19	0.84
2033	1.2	0.85
2034	1.2	0.86
2035	1.21	0.88
2036	1.21	0.89
2037	1.21	0.9
2038	1.21	0.91
2039	1.22	0.92
2040	1.22	0.93
2041	1.22	0.95
2042	1.22	0.96
2043	1.23	0.96
2044	1.23	0.97
2045	1.24	0.98
2046	1.24	0.99
2047	1.24	1
2048	1.24	1.01
2049	1.24	1.02
2050	1.25	1.03

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Table

Year	Share of people 0-14 years old
	Poland	South Korea
1960	33.4%	41.3%
1961	33.4%	41.8%
1962	33%	42.3%
1963	32.5%	42.7%
1964	31.9%	43.1%
1965	31.1%	43.3%
1966	30.3%	43.5%
1967	29.5%	43.3%
1968	28.6%	43.1%
1969	27.8%	42.7%
1970	26.9%	42.1%
1971	26.1%	41.5%
1972	25.4%	41%
1973	24.8%	40.3%
1974	24.3%	39.5%
1975	24%	38.5%
1976	24%	37.5%
1977	24%	36.5%
1978	24%	35.6%
1979	24.1%	34.8%
1980	24.3%	34%
1981	24.5%	33.3%
1982	24.7%	32.7%
1983	25%	32%
1984	25.3%	31.2%
1985	25.5%	30.2%
1986	25.6%	29.2%
1987	25.6%	28.2%
1988	25.5%	27.3%
1989	25.3%	26.5%
1990	25%	25.8%
1991	24.6%	25.2%
1992	24.3%	24.7%
1993	23.9%	24.2%
1994	23.4%	23.7%
1995	22.8%	23.1%
1996	22.2%	22.5%
1997	21.6%	22%
1998	20.9%	21.6%
1999	20.2%	21.2%
2000	19.4%	21%
2001	18.7%	20.8%
2002	18.1%	20.5%
2003	17.5%	20.1%
2004	17%	19.7%
2005	16.5%	19.2%
2006	16%	18.7%
2007	15.7%	18.1%
2008	15.4%	17.5%
2009	15.2%	16.9%
2010	15.1%	16.4%
2011	15.2%	15.8%
2012	15.1%	15.2%
2013	15.1%	14.7%
2014	15.1%	14.2%
2015	15.1%	13.8%
2016	15.1%	13.4%
2017	15.2%	13%
2018	15.3%	12.7%
2019	15.4%	12.4%
2020	15.5%	12.1%
2021	15.5%	11.8%
2022	15.3%	11.4%
2023	15.1%	11%
2024	14.8%	10.6%
2025	14.5%	10.2%
2026	14.1%	9.82%
2027	13.8%	9.42%
2028	13.5%	9.06%
2029	13.2%	8.75%
2030	13%	8.43%
2031	12.7%	8.15%
2032	12.4%	7.94%
2033	12.1%	7.79%
2034	11.8%	7.7%
2035	11.5%	7.66%
2036	11.3%	7.65%
2037	11.2%	7.66%
2038	11.1%	7.68%
2039	11.1%	7.71%
2040	11.1%	7.73%
2041	11%	7.75%
2042	11.1%	7.76%
2043	11.1%	7.77%
2044	11.1%	7.78%
2045	11.2%	7.79%
2046	11.3%	7.8%
2047	11.3%	7.81%
2048	11.4%	7.82%
2049	11.5%	7.82%
2050	11.5%	7.83%

Children aged 0-14 make up 14.8% of the population in Poland and 10.6% in South Korea in 2024, compared to 25% and 25.8% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Poland and South Korea compared.

Natural population change in Poland vs South Korea by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been -0.18% in Poland and +0.06% in South Korea. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Table

Year	Population change due to births and deaths
	Poland	South Korea
1960	444,562	728,010
1961	398,521	730,173
1962	360,671	712,590
1963	359,330	685,824
1964	326,965	655,501
1965	314,450	641,090
1966	297,801	623,534
1967	275,089	692,169
1968	280,963	684,487
1969	270,151	694,227
1970	280,913	747,987
1971	278,660	789,185
1972	314,028	740,469
1973	320,229	699,115
1974	346,893	673,030
1975	350,356	603,300
1976	367,612	530,558
1977	353,828	578,947
1978	339,166	499,084
1979	366,571	623,068
1980	348,627	583,294
1981	351,806	631,189
1982	369,551	605,626
1983	373,032	514,844
1984	332,137	436,384
1985	297,615	416,219
1986	258,448	395,651
1987	226,008	378,758
1988	215,599	399,297
1989	182,215	403,266
1990	160,066	411,546
1991	141,511	467,594
1992	118,928	494,352
1993	103,846	477,302
1994	96,357	473,200
1995	46,314	468,967
1996	42,487	446,142
1997	34,785	422,773
1998	19,332	393,436
1999	0	368,272
2000	11,478	390,167
2001	3,825	312,643
2002	-3,823	247,752
2003	-15,281	244,251
2004	-7,637	225,988
2005	-3,817	187,920
2006	3,814	203,441
2007	11,436	248,286
2008	34,313	215,841
2009	30,521	197,231
2010	38,043	213,083
2011	11,419	214,728
2012	0	215,859
2013	-19,020	166,415
2014	0	167,464
2015	-26,590	163,248
2016	-3,797	122,923
2017	0	71,907
2018	-26,582	30,951
2019	-34,169	10,353
2020	-120,050	-31,101
2021	-184,907	-56,947
2022	-143,605	-124,014
2023	-135,743	-77,569

Maternal mortality chart: Poland vs South Korea

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 2 deaths per 100,000 live births in Poland, compared to 4 deaths in South Korea.

Table

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Poland	South Korea
1985	19	38
1986	19	35
1987	18	34
1988	18	31
1989	18	29
1990	18	28
1991	18	28
1992	16	26
1993	15	24
1994	14	23
1995	12	22
1996	11	20
1997	10	19
1998	9	18
1999	8	17
2000	7	15
2001	6	14
2002	5	13
2003	5	13
2004	4	12
2005	4	11
2006	4	10
2007	3	10
2008	3	9
2009	3	9
2010	3	8
2011	2	8
2012	2	8
2013	2	7
2014	2	7
2015	2	6
2016	2	6
2017	2	6
2018	2	5
2019	2	5
2020	3	12
2021	2	5
2022	2	7
2023	2	4

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.44% in Poland and 0.28% in South Korea. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Table

Year	Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
	Poland	South Korea
1960	6.51%	11.2%
1961	6.02%	10.6%
1962	5.6%	10.1%
1963	5.23%	9.67%
1964	4.89%	9.18%
1965	4.57%	8.68%
1966	4.29%	8.16%
1967	4.06%	7.62%
1968	3.89%	7.1%
1969	3.75%	6.59%
1970	3.59%	6.12%
1971	3.42%	5.71%
1972	3.24%	5.36%
1973	3.06%	5.07%
1974	2.9%	4.82%
1975	2.79%	4.61%
1976	2.7%	4.42%
1977	2.62%	4.23%
1978	2.54%	4.04%
1979	2.47%	3.84%
1980	2.4%	3.63%
1981	2.33%	3.4%
1982	2.26%	3.17%
1983	2.19%	2.93%
1984	2.11%	2.7%
1985	2.03%	2.46%
1986	1.96%	2.25%
1987	1.89%	2.05%
1988	1.84%	1.87%
1989	1.79%	1.71%
1990	1.74%	1.57%
1991	1.69%	1.44%
1992	1.65%	1.33%
1993	1.6%	1.23%
1994	1.53%	1.14%
1995	1.43%	1.05%
1996	1.32%	0.98%
1997	1.2%	0.91%
1998	1.09%	0.85%
1999	1%	0.8%
2000	0.93%	0.75%
2001	0.88%	0.71%
2002	0.84%	0.68%
2003	0.81%	0.64%
2004	0.78%	0.6%
2005	0.76%	0.56%
2006	0.73%	0.52%
2007	0.7%	0.48%
2008	0.67%	0.45%
2009	0.63%	0.43%
2010	0.6%	0.41%
2011	0.57%	0.4%
2012	0.54%	0.38%
2013	0.52%	0.37%
2014	0.5%	0.36%
2015	0.49%	0.35%
2016	0.48%	0.34%
2017	0.46%	0.33%
2018	0.45%	0.32%
2019	0.44%	0.31%
2020	0.44%	0.3%
2021	0.44%	0.29%
2022	0.44%	0.28%
2023	0.44%	0.28%