Fertility & birth rates in Germany and Rwanda

Fertility rate in Germany vs Rwanda by year

Chart Table

Germany

Rwanda

1x

Year	Fertility rate
	Germany	Rwanda
2023	1.39	3.7
2022	1.46	3.78
2021	1.58	3.84
2020	1.53	3.91
2019	1.54	3.99
2018	1.57	4.05
2017	1.57	4.08
2016	1.6	4.11
2015	1.5	4.11
2014	1.47	4.12
2013	1.42	4.14
2012	1.41	4.2
2011	1.39	4.33
2010	1.39	4.52
2009	1.36	4.71
2008	1.38	4.92
2007	1.37	5.14
2006	1.33	5.34
2005	1.34	5.5
2004	1.36	5.64
2003	1.34	5.74
2002	1.34	5.82
2001	1.35	5.89
2000	1.38	5.97
1999	1.36	6.06
1998	1.36	6.17
1997	1.35	6.24
1996	1.3	6.29
1995	1.25	6.35
1994	1.24	6.42
1993	1.28	6.48
1992	1.29	6.54
1991	1.33	6.62
1990	1.45	6.8
1989	1.42	7.03
1988	1.46	7.23
1987	1.43	7.43
1986	1.43	7.61
1985	1.37	7.79
1984	1.29	7.91
1983	1.33	8
1982	1.41	8.06
1981	1.43	8.1
1980	1.44	8.12
1979	1.38	8.13
1978	1.38	8.16
1977	1.4	8.14
1976	1.45	8.12
1975	1.45	8.1
1974	1.51	8.1
1973	1.54	8.09
1972	1.71	8.09
1971	1.92	8.09
1970	2.03	8.15
1969	2.21	8.18
1968	2.38	8.19
1967	2.48	8.21
1966	2.53	8.23
1965	2.5	8.25
1964	2.54	8.27
1963	2.51	8.27
1962	2.44	8.27
1961	2.45	8.28
1960	2.37	8.28

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Germany was 1.39 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.7 in Rwanda in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Germany vs Rwanda population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

Natural population change by year

Chart Table

Germany

Rwanda

1x

Year	Natural population change
	Germany	Rwanda
2023	-333,149	312,762
2022	-324,394	312,145
2021	-224,629	309,895
2020	-216,218	312,692
2019	-157,877	313,525
2018	-165,812	312,512
2017	-148,783	310,323
2016	-123,523	305,549
2015	-187,879	299,114
2014	-153,866	292,779
2013	-209,679	286,331
2012	-193,022	282,584
2011	-184,632	282,922
2010	-179,909	286,848
2009	-188,375	287,034
2008	-164,220	287,334
2007	-148,080	285,791
2006	-148,278	282,149
2005	-148,445	275,121
2004	-107,271	265,273
2003	-140,309	251,243
2002	-123,733	239,036
2001	-98,820	230,845
2000	-73,990	221,276
1999	-73,890	210,518
1998	-65,637	197,185
1997	-49,221	174,687
1996	-90,107	140,455
1995	-114,349	121,137
1994	-114,013	-719,479
1993	-105,503	183,926
1992	-80,625	188,025
1991	-80,014	196,431
1990	-15,887	207,895
1989	-23,625	217,632
1988	-7,815	223,759
1987	-31,136	225,744
1986	-77,721	225,526
1985	-116,527	223,794
1984	-109,002	219,337
1983	-109,380	212,750
1982	-78,333	205,147
1981	-94,090	195,769
1980	-86,117	184,988
1979	-125,002	174,477
1978	-140,566	163,779
1977	-125,055	155,011
1976	-164,508	147,665
1975	-212,418	140,596
1974	-150,038	135,743
1973	-149,980	131,021
1972	-62,950	126,403
1971	46,988	122,567
1970	70,352	119,273
1969	155,820	115,394
1968	239,612	111,422
1967	353,977	108,053
1966	405,982	105,128
1965	410,204	103,422
1964	482,038	102,562
1963	455,757	94,296
1962	436,752	102,548
1961	462,279	102,051
1960	385,919	100,627

The chart above illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes in population resulting from births and deaths.

Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was -0.4% in Germany and +2.24% in Rwanda.

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change has been -0.25% in Germany and +2.45% in Rwanda.

Birth rate in Germany vs Rwanda by year

Chart Table

Germany

Rwanda

Annual births per 1,000 people

1x

Year	Annual births per 1,000 people
	Germany	Rwanda
2023	8.3	28.3
2022	8.8	28.9
2021	9.6	29.4
2020	9.3	30
2019	9.4	30.7
2018	9.5	31.2
2017	9.5	31.7
2016	9.6	32
2015	9	32.1
2014	8.8	32.2
2013	8.5	32.4
2012	8.4	32.9
2011	8.3	33.8
2010	8.3	35.1
2009	8.1	36.3
2008	8.3	37.6
2007	8.3	38.8
2006	8.2	39.9
2005	8.3	40.6
2004	8.6	41.1
2003	8.6	41.4
2002	8.7	41.8
2001	8.9	42.1
2000	9.3	42.1
1999	9.4	42.1
1998	9.6	42.2
1997	9.9	40.5
1996	9.7	37.2
1995	9.4	39.5
1994	9.5	48
1993	9.8	41.5
1992	10	42.2
1991	10.4	42.8
1990	11.4	44.1
1989	11.2	45.3
1988	11.4	46.6
1987	11.2	47.8
1986	10.9	49
1985	10.5	50.2
1984	10.4	51.1
1983	10.6	51.8
1982	11	52.4
1981	11	52.7
1980	11.1	52.7
1979	10.5	52.5
1978	10.4	52.1
1977	10.3	51.6
1976	10.2	51.1
1975	9.9	50.4
1974	10.2	50
1973	10.3	49.4
1972	11.5	48.9
1971	12.9	48.5
1970	13.4	48.2
1969	14.7	47.9
1968	15.7	47.6
1967	16.5	47.4
1966	17.2	47.6
1965	17.4	48
1964	18	48.8
1963	18.1	49.8
1962	17.8	50.9
1961	17.9	52
1960	17.3	52.9

The latest reported birth rate per 1,000 people in 2023 was 8.3 in Germany and 28.3 in Rwanda, compared with 17.3 and 52.9, respectively, in 1960.

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Chart Table

Germany

Factual

UN forecast

Rwanda

Factual

UN forecast

1x

Year	Young
	Germany	Rwanda
2100	13.7%	18.7%
2099	13.7%	18.9%
2098	13.8%	19%
2097	13.8%	19.1%
2096	13.8%	19.3%
2095	13.9%	19.4%
2094	13.9%	19.6%
2093	13.9%	19.7%
2092	13.9%	19.9%
2091	13.9%	20%
2090	13.9%	20.2%
2089	13.8%	20.4%
2088	13.8%	20.5%
2087	13.8%	20.7%
2086	13.7%	20.9%
2085	13.7%	21.1%
2084	13.7%	21.3%
2083	13.6%	21.5%
2082	13.6%	21.7%
2081	13.5%	21.9%
2080	13.5%	22.1%
2079	13.4%	22.2%
2078	13.4%	22.4%
2077	13.4%	22.6%
2076	13.4%	22.8%
2075	13.4%	23%
2074	13.4%	23.2%
2073	13.4%	23.4%
2072	13.5%	23.6%
2071	13.5%	23.8%
2070	13.6%	24%
2069	13.6%	24.2%
2068	13.7%	24.4%
2067	13.7%	24.6%
2066	13.8%	24.9%
2065	13.8%	25.1%
2064	13.9%	25.3%
2063	13.9%	25.6%
2062	13.9%	25.8%
2061	13.9%	26.1%
2060	13.9%	26.4%
2059	13.9%	26.7%
2058	13.8%	27%
2057	13.8%	27.3%
2056	13.7%	27.6%
2055	13.6%	27.9%
2054	13.5%	28.3%
2053	13.4%	28.6%
2052	13.3%	28.9%
2051	13.2%	29.2%
2050	13.1%	29.5%
2049	13%	29.8%
2048	12.9%	30.1%
2047	12.8%	30.4%
2046	12.7%	30.7%
2045	12.6%	31%
2044	12.6%	31.2%
2043	12.6%	31.5%
2042	12.5%	31.8%
2041	12.5%	32.1%
2040	12.6%	32.4%
2039	12.6%	32.7%
2038	12.6%	33%
2037	12.7%	33.3%
2036	12.9%	33.6%
2035	13%	33.9%
2034	13.1%	34.2%
2033	13.3%	34.6%
2032	13.4%	34.9%
2031	13.6%	35.2%
2030	13.7%	35.6%
2029	13.8%	35.9%
2028	13.8%	36.2%
2027	13.9%	36.5%
2026	13.9%	36.9%
2025	13.9%	37.2%
2024	13.9%	37.4%
2023	13.9%	37.7%
2022	13.9%	38.2%
2021	13.9%	38.6%
2020	13.8%	39.2%
2019	13.7%	39.7%
2018	13.6%	40.1%
2017	13.5%	40.5%
2016	13.3%	40.9%
2015	13.2%	41.1%
2014	13.2%	41.4%
2013	13.2%	41.7%
2012	13.4%	41.9%
2011	13.6%	42.2%
2010	13.7%	42.4%
2009	13.8%	42.6%
2008	13.8%	42.8%
2007	14%	42.9%
2006	14.2%	42.9%
2005	14.5%	43.1%
2004	14.8%	43.3%
2003	15%	43.7%
2002	15.3%	44.3%
2001	15.5%	45.2%
2000	15.7%	46.4%
1999	15.8%	47.8%
1998	15.9%	49.2%
1997	16.1%	50.5%
1996	16.2%	51.4%
1995	16.3%	52.4%
1994	16.3%	50.1%
1993	16.3%	48.4%
1992	16.3%	48.7%
1991	16.3%	48.9%
1990	16.1%	49%
1989	15.9%	48.9%
1988	15.7%	48.9%
1987	15.6%	48.8%
1986	15.8%	48.6%
1985	16%	48.3%
1984	16.4%	48.1%
1983	16.9%	47.7%
1982	17.4%	47.4%
1981	17.9%	47.1%
1980	18.5%	46.8%
1979	19.1%	46.5%
1978	19.7%	46.4%
1977	20.3%	46.4%
1976	20.9%	46.4%
1975	21.5%	46.6%
1974	22%	46.9%
1973	22.4%	47.2%
1972	22.8%	47.5%
1971	23%	47.9%
1970	23.2%	48.2%
1969	23.3%	48.7%
1968	23.3%	49.2%
1967	23.1%	49.7%
1966	23%	50.2%
1965	22.8%	50.6%
1964	22.6%	50.8%
1963	22.3%	50.6%
1962	22%	50.2%
1961	21.7%	49.7%
1960	21.3%	49.2%

Children aged 0-14 make up 13.9% of the population in Germany and 37.4% in Rwanda in 2024, compared to 16.1% and 49% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Germany and Rwanda compared.

Maternal mortality chart: Germany vs Rwanda

Chart Table

Germany

Rwanda

1x

Year	Maternal mortality per 100K births
	Germany	Rwanda
2023	4	229
2022	4	234
2021	4	254
2020	4	252
2019	4	261
2018	4	269
2017	4	275
2016	4	278
2015	5	292
2014	5	301
2013	5	317
2012	5	331
2011	5	358
2010	5	393
2009	6	418
2008	6	454
2007	5	494
2006	6	494
2005	6	465
2004	6	460
2003	6	551
2002	6	677
2001	6	769
2000	7	885
1999	7	1,073
1998	7	1,268
1997	8	1,318
1996	8	1,295
1995	8	1,505
1994	9	5,721
1993	9	1,619
1992	10	1,530
1991	11	1,386
1990	12	1,309
1989	12	1,238
1988	13	1,188
1987	13	1,145
1986	14	1,126
1985	14	1,116

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 4 deaths per 100,000 live births in Germany, compared to 229 deaths in Rwanda.

Under-five mortality rates

Chart Table

Germany

Rwanda

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

1x

Year	Under 5 mortality rate
	Germany	Rwanda
2023	0.37%	4%
2022	0.37%	4.08%
2021	0.37%	4.16%
2020	0.37%	4.25%
2019	0.37%	4.34%
2018	0.38%	4.43%
2017	0.38%	4.52%
2016	0.39%	4.63%
2015	0.39%	4.78%
2014	0.4%	4.96%
2013	0.4%	5.17%
2012	0.4%	5.45%
2011	0.41%	5.81%
2010	0.42%	6.33%
2009	0.43%	6.92%
2008	0.44%	7.62%
2007	0.45%	8.45%
2006	0.46%	9.37%
2005	0.47%	10.5%
2004	0.48%	11.8%
2003	0.5%	13.3%
2002	0.51%	14.9%
2001	0.52%	16.7%
2000	0.54%	18.5%
1999	0.55%	20.2%
1998	0.57%	21.5%
1997	0.59%	22.2%
1996	0.62%	22.2%
1995	0.65%	21.8%
1994	0.68%	38.9%
1993	0.72%	19.3%
1992	0.76%	17.5%
1991	0.8%	16%
1990	0.85%	15.1%
1989	0.9%	14.8%
1988	0.95%	14.8%
1987	1.01%	15.2%
1986	1.06%	15.6%
1985	1.11%	16.1%
1984	1.18%	16.6%
1983	1.25%	17.4%
1982	1.32%	18.6%
1981	1.41%	20.1%
1980	1.5%	21.8%
1979	1.6%	23.4%
1978	1.71%	24.6%
1977	1.83%	25.1%
1976	1.95%	25.1%
1975	2.08%	24.6%
1974	2.2%	24%
1973	2.31%	23.4%
1972	2.4%	23%
1971	2.49%	22.6%
1970	2.57%	22.3%
1969	2.64%	22%
1968	2.71%	21.7%
1967	-	21.4%
1966	-	21.2%
1965	-	21.1%
1964	-	21.1%
1963	-	21.3%
1962	-	21.5%
1961	-	21.9%
1960	-	22.4%

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 0.37% in Germany and 4% in Rwanda. Above is a chart with historical data on under-five mortality rates.