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Fertility & birth rates in Brazil and Rwanda

Updated on by Georank team

Brazil has an annual birth rate of 12.3 births per 1,000 people, compared to 28.3 for Rwanda. The average number of children a woman is expected to have during her lifetime — the fertility rate, is 1.62 in Brazil and 3.7 in Rwanda — 128.4% difference.

1960 vs 2023, the fertility rate has decreased by -73.2% in Brazil and by -55.4% in Rwanda — in 1960, it was 6.05 and 8.28, respectively.

Birth rates facts compared:

  • Brazil is ranked 114/196 by birth rate compared to 38/196 for Rwanda.
  • The mean age at childbearing (for all the births, not just the first) is 28 in Brazil — it's 30.6 in Rwanda.
  • Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 (adolescent birth rate or teenage mother rate) is 42.7 in Brazil vs 30.8 in Rwanda.
  • In Brazil, 26.2% of the population is composed of women of reproductive age (15-49), compared to 26.2% in Rwanda.
  • Excluding migration, the natural population change due to births and deaths from 2022 to 2023 was +0.52% in Brazil and +2.24% in Rwanda.

Birth rate data compared

Brazil Rwanda
Fertility rate 1.62 3.7
Birth rate 12.3 28.3
Birth rate rank 114/196 38/196
Age at first childbirth n/a 23 years
Average age at childbearing 28 years 30.6 years
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 15-19 40 30.2
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 20-29 78.1 155.6
Annual births per 1,000 women ages 30+ 15.4 66.4
Female of reproductive age (15-49), share of population 26.2% 26.2%
Any modern method of contraceptive prevalence among married women ages 15-49 77.7% 58.4%
Share of births attended by skilled health staff 98.4% 94.2%
Maternal mortality per live birth 0.07% 0.23%
Neonatal mortality rate (before reaching 28 days of age) 0.76% 1.81%
Infant mortality rate (before reaching 1 year of age) 1.25% 3.05%
Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births 1.44% 4%
Population change due to births and deaths +1,107,434 +312,762
Natural population change rank 17/196 51/196
Natural population change rate +0.52% +2.24%
Population growth +0.41% +2.16%
Population growth rank 141/197 47/197
Life expectancy 76.2 years 68.2 years

Fertility rate in Brazil vs Rwanda chart

According to the latest available data on birth rates, the fertility rate in Brazil was 1.62 children per woman in 2023, compared to 3.7 in Rwanda in 2023. The replacement level is considered to be 2.1 children per woman.

Check Brazil vs Rwanda population clock for a dynamic visualization of the changing population.

The chart below showcases historical changes in the birth rates.

Brazil
Factual

UN forecast
Rwanda
Factual

UN forecast

Births per woman

Year Fertility rate
Brazil Rwanda
1960 6.05 8.28
1961 6.02 8.28
1962 5.98 8.27
1963 5.93 8.27
1964 5.82 8.27
1965 5.68 8.25
1966 5.52 8.23
1967 5.34 8.21
1968 5.17 8.19
1969 5.04 8.18
1970 4.93 8.15
1971 4.84 8.09
1972 4.74 8.09
1973 4.64 8.09
1974 4.5 8.1
1975 4.42 8.1
1976 4.34 8.12
1977 4.27 8.14
1978 4.2 8.16
1979 4.12 8.13
1980 4.04 8.12
1981 3.94 8.1
1982 3.84 8.06
1983 3.72 8
1984 3.6 7.91
1985 3.48 7.79
1986 3.36 7.61
1987 3.23 7.43
1988 3.11 7.23
1989 3.01 7.03
1990 2.9 6.8
1991 2.81 6.62
1992 2.71 6.54
1993 2.66 6.48
1994 2.6 6.42
1995 2.57 6.35
1996 2.51 6.29
1997 2.47 6.24
1998 2.42 6.17
1999 2.34 6.06
2000 2.25 5.97
2001 2.16 5.89
2002 2.08 5.82
2003 2.01 5.74
2004 1.97 5.64
2005 1.94 5.5
2006 1.9 5.34
2007 1.85 5.14
2008 1.82 4.92
2009 1.8 4.71
2010 1.79 4.52
2011 1.78 4.33
2012 1.77 4.2
2013 1.76 4.14
2014 1.78 4.12
2015 1.78 4.11
2016 1.73 4.11
2017 1.74 4.08
2018 1.74 4.05
2019 1.71 3.99
2020 1.65 3.91
2021 1.64 3.84
2022 1.63 3.78
2023 1.62 3.7
2024 1.61 3.64
2025 1.6 3.59
2026 1.59 3.54
2027 1.58 3.49
2028 1.58 3.43
2029 1.58 3.38
2030 1.58 3.33
2031 1.57 3.28
2032 1.57 3.24
2033 1.57 3.19
2034 1.57 3.15
2035 1.57 3.11
2036 1.57 3.07
2037 1.57 3.03
2038 1.57 2.99
2039 1.57 2.95
2040 1.57 2.92
2041 1.57 2.89
2042 1.57 2.85
2043 1.57 2.81
2044 1.57 2.78
2045 1.57 2.75
2046 1.57 2.72
2047 1.56 2.69
2048 1.56 2.67
2049 1.56 2.64
2050 1.56 2.61

Children 0-14 years as share of population

Brazil
Factual

UN forecast
Rwanda
Factual

UN forecast
Year Share of people 0-14 years old
Brazil Rwanda
1960 44.2% 49.2%
1961 44.3% 49.7%
1962 44.4% 50.2%
1963 44.5% 50.6%
1964 44.4% 50.8%
1965 44.2% 50.6%
1966 44% 50.2%
1967 43.8% 49.7%
1968 43.4% 49.2%
1969 43% 48.7%
1970 42.7% 48.2%
1971 42.2% 47.9%
1972 41.8% 47.5%
1973 41.4% 47.2%
1974 40.9% 46.9%
1975 40.5% 46.6%
1976 40% 46.4%
1977 39.6% 46.4%
1978 39.1% 46.4%
1979 38.8% 46.5%
1980 38.4% 46.8%
1981 38.1% 47.1%
1982 37.9% 47.4%
1983 37.7% 47.7%
1984 37.4% 48.1%
1985 37.2% 48.3%
1986 36.9% 48.6%
1987 36.6% 48.8%
1988 36.3% 48.9%
1989 35.9% 48.9%
1990 35.5% 49%
1991 35% 48.9%
1992 34.5% 48.7%
1993 34% 48.4%
1994 33.4% 50.1%
1995 32.8% 52.4%
1996 32.2% 51.4%
1997 31.6% 50.5%
1998 31% 49.2%
1999 30.5% 47.8%
2000 29.9% 46.4%
2001 29.3% 45.2%
2002 28.7% 44.3%
2003 28.2% 43.7%
2004 27.6% 43.3%
2005 27.1% 43.1%
2006 26.6% 42.9%
2007 26.1% 42.9%
2008 25.7% 42.8%
2009 25.2% 42.6%
2010 24.7% 42.4%
2011 24.2% 42.2%
2012 23.7% 41.9%
2013 23.3% 41.7%
2014 22.8% 41.4%
2015 22.4% 41.1%
2016 22% 40.9%
2017 21.7% 40.5%
2018 21.4% 40.1%
2019 21.1% 39.7%
2020 20.8% 39.2%
2021 20.5% 38.6%
2022 20.2% 38.2%
2023 19.9% 37.7%
2024 19.7% 37.4%
2025 19.4% 37%
2026 19.1% 36.7%
2027 18.8% 36.4%
2028 18.5% 36%
2029 18.2% 35.7%
2030 17.9% 35.4%
2031 17.7% 35%
2032 17.4% 34.7%
2033 17.1% 34.4%
2034 16.9% 34.1%
2035 16.6% 33.7%
2036 16.4% 33.4%
2037 16.2% 33.1%
2038 16.1% 32.9%
2039 15.9% 32.6%
2040 15.8% 32.3%
2041 15.6% 32%
2042 15.5% 31.7%
2043 15.4% 31.4%
2044 15.3% 31.1%
2045 15.2% 30.8%
2046 15.1% 30.5%
2047 15% 30.2%
2048 14.9% 29.9%
2049 14.8% 29.7%
2050 14.6% 29.4%

Children aged 0-14 make up 19.7% of the population in Brazil and 37.4% in Rwanda in 2024, compared to 35.5% and 49% respectively in 1990.

Demographics of Brazil and Rwanda compared.

Natural population change in Brazil vs Rwanda by year

For the past 10 years, the annual natural population change (excluding migration) has been +0.68% in Brazil and +2.45% in Rwanda. The chart below illustrates the comparison of the absolute yearly changes resulting from births and deaths.

Brazil
Rwanda

Natural population change

Year Population change due to births and deaths
Brazil Rwanda
1960 2,190,392 100,627
1961 2,240,178 102,051
1962 2,286,666 102,548
1963 2,326,400 94,296
1964 2,338,478 102,562
1965 2,336,415 103,422
1966 2,325,332 105,128
1967 2,307,560 108,053
1968 2,301,561 111,422
1969 2,324,190 115,394
1970 2,362,073 119,273
1971 2,407,319 122,567
1972 2,454,698 126,403
1973 2,501,309 131,021
1974 2,524,254 135,743
1975 2,585,130 140,596
1976 2,648,647 147,665
1977 2,715,328 155,011
1978 2,778,815 163,779
1979 2,836,759 174,477
1980 2,887,768 184,988
1981 2,928,262 195,769
1982 2,948,552 205,147
1983 2,952,335 212,750
1984 2,931,496 219,337
1985 2,912,908 223,794
1986 2,880,440 225,526
1987 2,825,485 225,744
1988 2,768,082 223,759
1989 2,717,923 217,632
1990 2,652,959 207,895
1991 2,606,167 196,431
1992 2,547,698 188,025
1993 2,545,874 183,926
1994 2,532,951 -719,479
1995 2,546,195 121,137
1996 2,530,690 140,455
1997 2,531,758 174,687
1998 2,514,728 197,185
1999 2,450,869 210,518
2000 2,372,043 221,276
2001 2,291,210 230,845
2002 2,207,017 239,036
2003 2,128,819 251,243
2004 2,108,072 265,273
2005 2,083,281 275,121
2006 2,026,119 282,149
2007 1,970,372 285,791
2008 1,908,051 287,334
2009 1,878,542 287,034
2010 1,847,336 286,848
2011 1,815,758 282,922
2012 1,782,516 282,584
2013 1,758,716 286,331
2014 1,757,948 292,779
2015 1,742,275 299,114
2016 1,609,488 305,549
2017 1,610,402 310,323
2018 1,583,935 312,512
2019 1,472,104 313,525
2020 1,146,174 312,692
2021 919,507 309,895
2022 1,054,897 312,145
2023 1,107,434 312,762

Fertility rates around the globe

Fertility rate

Maternal mortality chart: Brazil vs Rwanda

The maternal mortality rate, which is the probability of dying during childbirth or within 42 days of pregnancy termination, is 67 deaths per 100,000 live births in Brazil, compared to 229 deaths in Rwanda.

Brazil
Rwanda
Year Maternal mortality per 100K births
Brazil Rwanda
1985 186 1,116
1986 176 1,126
1987 167 1,145
1988 161 1,188
1989 150 1,238
1990 140 1,309
1991 128 1,386
1992 118 1,530
1993 113 1,619
1994 108 5,721
1995 103 1,505
1996 98 1,295
1997 92 1,318
1998 84 1,268
1999 75 1,073
2000 69 885
2001 66 769
2002 66 677
2003 67 551
2004 70 460
2005 71 465
2006 72 494
2007 73 494
2008 71 454
2009 69 418
2010 66 393
2011 62 358
2012 60 331
2013 61 317
2014 63 301
2015 63 292
2016 64 278
2017 61 275
2018 62 269
2019 65 261
2020 85 252
2021 128 254
2022 104 234
2023 67 229

Under-five mortality rates

The chance that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five is 1.44% in Brazil and 4% in Rwanda. Below is the historical data on under-five mortality rates.

Brazil
Rwanda

Probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five

Year Mortality rate before reaching 5 years of age, per 1,000 live births
Brazil Rwanda
1960 16.9% 22.4%
1961 16.5% 21.9%
1962 16% 21.5%
1963 15.6% 21.3%
1964 15.2% 21.1%
1965 14.9% 21.1%
1966 14.5% 21.2%
1967 14.2% 21.4%
1968 13.9% 21.7%
1969 13.6% 22%
1970 13.2% 22.3%
1971 12.9% 22.6%
1972 12.6% 23%
1973 12.2% 23.4%
1974 11.9% 24%
1975 11.6% 24.6%
1976 11.2% 25.1%
1977 10.8% 25.1%
1978 10.4% 24.6%
1979 10% 23.4%
1980 9.57% 21.8%
1981 9.14% 20.1%
1982 8.73% 18.6%
1983 8.34% 17.4%
1984 7.98% 16.6%
1985 7.67% 16.1%
1986 7.38% 15.6%
1987 7.11% 15.2%
1988 6.84% 14.8%
1989 6.58% 14.8%
1990 6.31% 15.1%
1991 6.02% 16%
1992 5.72% 17.5%
1993 5.41% 19.3%
1994 5.09% 38.9%
1995 4.77% 21.8%
1996 4.47% 22.2%
1997 4.19% 22.2%
1998 3.93% 21.5%
1999 3.68% 20.2%
2000 3.45% 18.5%
2001 3.22% 16.7%
2002 3.01% 14.9%
2003 2.81% 13.3%
2004 2.63% 11.8%
2005 2.46% 10.5%
2006 2.31% 9.37%
2007 2.17% 8.45%
2008 2.05% 7.62%
2009 1.95% 6.92%
2010 1.86% 6.33%
2011 1.79% 5.81%
2012 1.72% 5.45%
2013 1.67% 5.17%
2014 1.63% 4.96%
2015 1.6% 4.78%
2016 1.68% 4.63%
2017 1.54% 4.52%
2018 1.52% 4.43%
2019 1.5% 4.34%
2020 1.49% 4.25%
2021 1.47% 4.16%
2022 1.46% 4.08%
2023 1.44% 4%

Compare countries by 7 more topics

Birth rate comparisons

Birth rate vs Brazil vs Rwanda
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